NF E83-100-5

Décembre 1995

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FE036241 ISSN 0335-3931

NF E 83-100-5
French standard December 1995

Classification index: E 83-100-5

ICS: 25.160.10

Construction of fabricated assemblies

Welding processes
Part 5: Qualification of welding procedure

F : Construction d’ensembles mécanosoudés — Techniques de soudage —

Partie 5 : Qualification d’un mode opératoire de soudage
D : Schweißkonstruktion — Verfahren — Teil 5: Prüfung eines
Schweißarbeitsverfahrens

French standard approved

© AFNOR 1995 — All rights reserved

by decision of the Director General of AFNOR on November 20, 1995 taking effect
on December 20, 1995.
Replaces the approved standard with the same index dated February 1989.

Correspondence This document completes the standards NF EN 288-1:1995 and the following
standards which concern the same subject.
When this document was published, there were no international works dealing with
the same subject.

Analysis This document forms the fifth part of a series of normative documents concerning the
construction of fabricated assemblies.
This part defines the conditions in which the qualification of a welding operational
procedure must be performed for the construction of fabricated assemblies falling
within the scope of application defined in the standard NF E 83-100-1.

Descriptors Technical International Thesaurus: welding, procedure, qualification, operating

requirements, inspection, bend tests, hardness tests.

Modifications With respect to the previous edition: this standard takes into account standards
NF EN 288-1 and the following standards.

Corrections

Published and distributed by Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR — French standard institute) — 11, rue Francis de Pressensé —
93571 La Plaine Saint-Denis Cedex — Tel.: + 33 (0)1 41 62 80 00 — Fax: + 33 (0)1 49 17 90 00 — www.afnor.org

© AFNOR 1995 AFNOR 1995 1st issue 1995-12-F

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NF E 83-100-5 —2—

Contents
Page

Foreword .............................................................................................................................................................. 3

0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 3

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................. 3

2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................... 4

3 Application procedures .................................................................................................................... 5

3.1 Concerned assemblies ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2 Classification of steel grades .............................................................................................................. 5
3.3 Recognition and renewal of existing qualifications .............................................................................. 5

4 Qualification of a welding operational procedure .......................................................................... 5

4.1 Qualification operation methods .......................................................................................................... 5
4.2 Qualification methods .......................................................................................................................... 6

5 Inspection, examination, and testing .............................................................................................. 6

5.1 Flexural impact tests (if these tests are required, see NF EN 288-3 table 1) ...................................... 6
5.2 Hardness tests (if these tests are required) ........................................................................................ 7

6 Scope of validity ............................................................................................................................... 7

6.1 General remarks ................................................................................................................................. 7
6.2 Butt weld, partial penetration ............................................................................................................... 7
6.3 Case of localized surfacing ................................................................................................................. 7
6.4 Flexural impact test temperature ......................................................................................................... 7
6.5 Location of the test .............................................................................................................................. 8

7 Special cases of assemblies by welding bonding elements ........................................................ 8

7.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 8
7.2 Qualification of a welding operational procedure ................................................................................ 8
7.3 Scope of validity .................................................................................................................................. 8
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Foreword

1) This document forms the fifth part of a series of normative documents grouped under the same index E 83-100
concerning welding techniques relating to the construction of fabricated assemblies, of which the outline is the fol-
lowing:
— Part 1: General remarks: terminology, weld quality classes, extent of weld inspections;
— Part 2: Materials — Design;
— Part 3: Guide for the choice of materials and for constructive provisions;
— Part 4: Manufacturing — Inspection;
— Part 5: Qualification of a welding operational procedure.
This collection of normative documents corresponds to the needs expressed by the various concerned professions
to facilitate the manufacturer-client relationships, it allows in particular:
— to unify the language in this domain;
— to unify the welding specifications required by the different order-givers;
— to define, for each welded joint, a level of reliability corresponding to the service requirements;
— to serve as reference at the implementation of provisions relating to welding within the framework of quality
assurance.

2) The reader’s attention is drawn to the fact that it may be preferable for certain types of assemblies and/or for
certain constituent steels of these assemblies to proceed with representative tests to be defined by the designer,
in order to assure the quality of the welded assembles (see paragraph 4.1.3 of the standard NF E 83-100-2).

3) The reader’s attention is also drawn to the provisions taken in the first part of this standard (NF E 83-100-1) on
the subject of elastic limit.
For any other elastic limit value indicated in this standard, the minimum elastic limit specified for the lowest
thickness range is intended.

0 Introduction
The conditions for which a welding operational procedure qualification is required are defined in paragraph 4.1.3
of the standard NF E 83-100-2.

1 Scope
The aim of this document is to define the conditions in which the qualification of a welding operational procedure
applicable to fabricated assemblies must be performed, and to specify to which manufactured assemblies this
operational procedure may apply.
It constitutes an application standard of the standard NF EN 288-1 and the following standards, which it completes.
This document applies to the construction and repair of fabricated steel assemblies, with a minimum guaranteed
elastic limit of ReH ≤ 690 MPa, entering within the scope of application defined in the standard NF E 83-100-1 and
following the application procedures established in clause 3 hereafter.
It may furthermore be used for other welded constructions resulting from a design close to that of this code.
The qualification of a welding operational procedure of assemblies constituted of materials of minimum
guaranteed elastic limit ReH > 690 MPa or made with welding procedures not appearing in the standard
NF E 83-100-4 must be completed following specifications established by the manufacturer.
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2 Normative references
This document incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. The normative
references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this document only when
incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For non-dated references, the last edition of the publication to which
reference is made applies.

NF EN 288-1, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 1: General rules for
fusion welding (classification index: A 89-010-1).

NF EN 288-2, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 2: Welding
procedure specification for arc welding (classification index: A 89-010-2).

NF EN 288-3, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 3: Welding
procedure tests for the arc welding of steels (classification index: A 89-010-3).

NF EN 288-5, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 5: Approval by using
approved welding consumables for arc welding (classification index: A 89-010-5).

NF EN 288-6, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 6: Approval related
to previous experience (classification index: A 89-010-6).

NF EN 288-7, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 7: Approval by a
standard welding procedure for arc welding (classification index: A 89-010-7).

NF EN 288-8, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic mateirals — Part 8: Approval by a
pre-production welding test (classification index: A 89-010-8).

NF EN 499, Welding consumables — Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain
steels — Classification (classification index: A 81-309).

NF EN 24063, Welding, brazing, soldering and braze welding of metals — Nomenclature of processes and
reference numbers for symbolic representation on drawings (classification index: A 80-021).

NF A 81-340, Manual metal arc welding electrodes depositing a high yield strength metal — Symbolization — Filler
materials.

NF A 81-343, Manual metal arc welding electrodes depositing a stainless and heat resisting metal —
Symbolization — Filler materials.

A 89-020-1, Specification and approval of welding procedures — Welding procedure tests for electrical arc stud
welding — Part 1: stud fasteners submitted to fatigue loading in bridges.

A 89-020-2, Specification and approval of welding procedures — Welding procedure tests for electrical arc stud
welding — Part 2: Stud fasteners not submitted to fatigue loading in composite structures.

A 89-020-3, Specification and approval of welding procedures — Welding procedures tests for arc stud welding
— Part 3: Studs up to 12 mm diameter.

NF E 83-100-1, Construction of fabricated assemblies — Welding processes — Part 1: General: Terminology —

Weld quality classes — Scope of weld inspections.

NF E 83-100-2, Construction of fabricated assemblies — Welding processes — Part 2: Materials — Design.

E 83-100-3, Construction of fabricated assemblies — Welding processes — Part 3: Guide for the choice of
materials and construction arangements.

NF E 83-100-4, Construction of fabricated assemblies — Welding processes — Part 4: Manufacture — Inspection.

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3 Application procedures

3.1 Concerned assemblies

This document applies to all assemblies, when the welding procedure used is a procedure defined in the standard
NF E 83-100-4 and the parts to be assembled use primary steels and consumables defined by the standards cited
in the standard NF E 83-100-2.
The assemblies may be homogenous, heterogenous or mixed, and are defined in the standard NF EN 288-1.
Examples of homogenous assemblies:
— steel S355 arc welded with one electrode E 35.2B according to NF EN 499;
— steel 25CrMo4 arc welded with one electrode E EY89Mn1CrMoB according to NF A 81-340.
Example of a heterogenous assembly:
— steel C35 arc welded with covered electrodes EZ 23-12 LR 23 according to NF A 81-343.

3.2 Classification of steel grades

For the needs of this document, steels are classified by their elastic limit, either by their chemical composition, or
by thermal treatments in the delivery condition in nine groups in accordance with table 3 “Steel group” of the
standard NF EN 288-3.
This classification by group is intended to avoid pointless multiplication of technically identical qualification tests.
The classification of steels in categories 0 – 1A – 1B – 2 and 3, table 1 of the published document E 83-100-3 is
intended to serve as a guide to use. It must not be used to determine the extent of qualification of the operational
procedures.

3.3 Recognition and renewal of existing qualifications

The manufacturer may also use qualifications other than the qualifications obtained according to the standards
NF EN 288 which it possesses, as long as the various requirements of this document are satisfied.
When they do not respect certain requirements of this document, these qualifications may however be used
according to an agreement between the concerned parties.
The manufacturer may in particular use the qualifications obtained in accordance with the experimental standard
E 83-100-5 of February 1989.

4 Qualification of a welding operational procedure

4.1 Qualification operation methods

4.1.1 Prior to the qualification tests, the manufacturer establishes a preliminary welding operational procedure
description (WOPD-P), in accordance to the requirements of the standard NF EN 288-2.
In accordance with the specifications of the standard NF EN 288-2, the indications concerning post-heating are to
be entered under the heading “heat treatments after welding”.
The manufacturer shall indicate furthermore the chosen temperature for the flexural impact test.

4.1.2 The qualification of a welding operational procedure is valid in the limits indicated in the standards
NF EN 288-1 and those following.

4.1.3 The welding energy, in joules per centimetre, is given by the formula:

U × I × 60
-------------------------
V
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where :
U is the voltage, in volts;
I is the intensity, in amps;
V is the speed of execution of a run, in centimetres per minute.

4.1.4 The documents required above must be prepared in the French language, and, if necessary, in the
contractual language.

4.2 Qualification methods

The qualification of a welding operational procedure must be completed in accordance with one of the methods
defined in the standards NF EN 288 parts 3 — 5 — 6 — 7 and 8 to be known:
— qualification test of a steel arc welding operational procedure (NF EN 288-3);
— qualification by use of welding consumable products approved for arc welding (NF EN 288-5);
— qualification by reference to the experience acquired in welding (NF EN 288-6);
— qualification by reference to a standard welding operational procedure approved for arc welding (NF EN 288-7);
— qualification test by execution of a specific welded assembly prior to production (NF EN 288-8).
Each qualification method possesses application limits in regards to the procedure, the primary material and
consumable products. These limits are established in each part of the standard NF EN 288; additional provisions
are given in articles 5 and 6 of this document.
Each description of the welding operational procedure is approved by only one of these methods.
The choice of the qualification method is left to the initiative of the manufacturer, except in the case in which a
particular specification is required.

5 Inspection, examination, and testing

Only the qualification methods defined by the standards NF EN 288-3 and NF EN 288-8 give the provisions
relating to inspections, examinations, and tests; these provisions are completed by the following requirements:

5.1 Flexural impact tests (if these tests are required, see NF EN 288-3 table 1)
5.1.1 When the primary metal presents a specified minimum rupture energy value for flexural impact tests, the
test conditions and levels of energy required for welding must conform to the provisions appearing in the product
standard.
However, for steels presenting a specified minimum rupture energy value at – 50°C, the test may be performed
at – 40°C, the value required being that which corresponds to the test temperature.
The average value of three tests must respect the specified requirement. An individual value may be less than the
specified minimum average value, on the condition that it is not less than 70% of the latter.

5.1.2 In the case in which the qualification of a welding operational procedure is performed with a primary metal
having a minimum value of rupture energy absorbed by impact greater than that of the primary metal specified in
the design, or a guaranteed value at a flexural impact test temperature less than that of the primary metal specified
at the design, the requirements are those of the primary metal specified at design.

5.1.3 If the results of the flexural impact tests are not in conformity, three complementary test pieces must be
taken from the same sample and subjected to the test if one of the following cases appear:
— the average value of three rupture energy values is less than the average specified minimum value;
— the average value corresponds to the specified requirements, but two of the individual values are less than the
average specified minimum value;
— one value is less than 70% of the average specified minimum value.
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The average value of the six tests must not be less than the average specified minimum value. Of the six individual
values, only two may be less than the specified average minimum value, only one may be less than 70% of
this value.

5.2 Hardness tests (if these tests are required)

Values greater than those of table 2 of the standard NF EN 288-3 may be allowed by agreement between the
manufacturer and the purchaser.
Hardness tests, stipulated in HV10 in the standard NF EN 288-3 may be performed in HV5. In this case, the
required values may be:
— either those required in HV10;
— or made the object of an agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.

6 Scope of validity

6.1 General remarks

The scope of validity of the qualifications obtained according to each of the qualification methods cited in
paragraph 4.2 is given in the corresponding standards NF EN 288; it is completed by the particular provisions
hereafter.

6.2 Butt weld, partial penetration

Thickness of the qualification assembly:
— in the case of partial penetration butt assemblies we take the same domains of validity only for angle welds,
considering the value “a” of the figure 1 as throat value of the angle weld.

Figure 1

6.3 Case of localized surfacing

A localized surfacing on the assembly planes, is considered as being an integral part of the assembly.

6.4 Flexural impact test temperature

A qualification is only valid inasmuch as the flexural impact test temperature, which has been applied, is
compatible with the requirements resulting from the calculation temperature.
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6.5 Location of the test

A qualification obtained by a manufacturer in a given location may be extended to another location (factory or
worksite) on the condition that this transfer is made on the basis of written directives and under the supervision of
personnel assuring the continuity of know-how, and on the condition of satisfactory results of non-destructive
testing (or possibly destructive) performed on the first welds completed.

7 Special cases of assemblies by welding bonding elements

7.1 Introduction
These bonding elements, currently called connector studs, are intended to assure a mechanical connection
between the support of another material. This type of bonding element shall be hereafter called a stud.
The collection of procedures for welding studs covered by this document are indicated in the standard
NF EN 24063 by the indexes:
• 77 — Percussion welding:
welding procedure under pressure calling for heat coming from an arc, generally with rapid discharging of a
capacitor. A rapid application of pressure accompanies or immediately follows the electrical discharge.
• 781 — Arc welding of studs:
bolt welding procedure in which one makes an arc flash between a metal stud and the part in order to produce
the necessary heat. When the surfaces to be assembled are appropriately heated, one brings them into contact
and applies pressure. A partial protection may be assured by a ceramic ring circling the stud. One can use or
not use a gas or flux shield.

7.2 Qualification of a welding operational procedure

The qualification of a welding operational procedure shall be performed according to the following conditions:

7.2.1 For percussion welding (procedure 77), according to the provisions stipulated by the standard
NF A 89-020-3 concerning studs of a maximum diameter of 12 mm and the support plates of a thickness less than
or equal to 3 mm.

7.2.2 For electric arc welding (procedure 781), according to the provisions stipulated by the standards:
— NF A 89-020-1 for connector studs subjected to fatigue;
— NF A 89-020-2 for connector studs not subjected to fatigue.

7.3 Scope of validity

According to the standards indicated above completed as follows for the standards NF A 89-020-1 and
NF A 89-020-2 in regards to the scope of validity in relation to the grades and qualities of the support materials.

7.3.1 The qualification is valid for the steel grade and quality used at the test and extends to other grades and
qualities according to table 2 of standard NF A 89-020-2.
This table is to be used for connector studs subjected to fatigue as well as those not subjected to fatigue.

7.3.2 When the grade and quality of the support material are different than those indicated in table 2 of the
standard NF A 89-020-2, the qualification obtained is not valid for the grade and quality of the material used at the
qualification test.