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. H avoopof,li) aurn OTTJV opxaia eMTJvlKi] TexvoAoyia eivm et1<pavwc; aTe:jl.SQTOTTJ. YnOOTJAwve:l 0l..lw<; TnV &KTaol'), rnv elJlJovq Kal Tn ol')lJaoia OUTOU TOU 8el-leAlwoou<; nOAITlOl1lKOU emvousvou. A1:;i~el f,laAlOTa va ncoornonesl on Ol EMnve:<; I1TJxaVlKOi KaL TexvlKoi ouvvpcesic TTJ<; apXatOTTJTa<; EnAJi9aLvav crcaspc, an' TOV 60 n.X. rtpoc TOV 10 n.X. oiwva: 0aA.Jic;, EunaAivo<;, MavapoKAi)<;, Innoool-lo<;, XEpcriqjpwv, <bLAOAao<;, ApxuTae;, I:::..loVUO'lOe;, Aivsicc, noM s laO<; , <l>iAwv AS., I:::..l6.0T]<;, Koploc, Klve:ue;, nuppoe;, !WOTpOTO<;, I:::..rU.lJiTploc;, EnLl-laxoe;, HyJiTWP, KTTJai~loe;, EUKAeiaT]e;, APXlf,li) oTJ c, BiTwv, <biAwv Bu~., AnoMwvlOe;, lrmopxoc, AYTJaiOTpaTOe;, Hpwv, nOaelaWVlOe;, A8i)vaLo<;, AOKAT]mOaOTO<;. AUTi) 11 (OTEAi)e; 6.MwOTe) nopageOTJ OV0I..IClTWV oOllyei KaT' euselcv OTTJ MeyaAI') AA&~av~pela,

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TO /3'IJAio «Les dix livres d' architecture de Vltruve», eKli. P. Mardaga,;.1979). . :'. ',.

TO n::xvoAOYlKO KeVTpo TOU apxa[ou xoouou. EKei ortou 90 OAoKATJPwgei T] OTpOtpi) TTJe; eMTJVIKi)e; OKeljJeWe;. AVTL Yla TTJv epunvslo TOU KocrllQU ana TO «E:~W rtpoc TO IlEoa» (nx aVTi vo ~eKlvouv ono TO rsooepc : oroixelo rnc tpuoe:we; i) TIC; yevIKee; apXE:C;), avO~nTOUV nopo vo cruvMaouv TO I..IlKpoyeYOVOTa tr)C; npoy- 1..I0TIKOTT1TO<;, Yla VO TO Kavouv ev-

Oe:XOI..IE:VWe; v' urtoxrnoouvvorum. ETal, t.jJaxvouv TOV KOal..lO ana "l..Ieaa npoc TO e~w", 11' evav rporro rtou npoovayyeAe:l TOV roAtAoio.

Twpa, noAU rtsptooctepor opeaKOVTaL OTTJV napoTi)PTJOll, OTT) IJ€TpnOTJ, OTTJV KOTaOKe:ui}. KOl KaTl aKOI..IO: OllleYOAOl ouyypotpeie; I..ITJXaVIKoi aev elver nMov KTTJI..IOTie:e; i) OTpOTI]yoL 0 KTnai~loc; (0 lapuTi)e;

TTJ<; AAe~ovaplvi)e; TeXVOAOYIKi)<; nap6i5oOllC;) nTav yloe; xoupsc, evw o HpWV(TOU onoiou TO €P:Vo 90 e-

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Av ae:v eixe cvcxonsl TJ AOllnpi} e:Keivn TexvoAoYIKi) nap6.0oOll, TO KE:VTpO TTJ<; oixovoulcc TWPO 9a I3ploxorcv OTT)v AvaToAlKi} Me:aoyelo ...

KYPIAKH 4 IANOYAPIOY 1998· H KA8HMEPINH 5

EpyaAdu; ODOlliJlU1U 1pOxaAlC0V, aV1f\if~ Kat uAAu 1ExvoAoytKU fllnEUY}lU1U 1WV apxaiwv EAAqvwv

AVUipWTlKtj Jl'lxavi, vepou ntpaxwpac;. ArroTeAtiTOI ano O'TOBeptj ~uAlv'l fJaa'l rravwarro 6e~aJlevtj Ka.I rrepIOTpeqioJlevo rpoxci nou cpipel OKTW 6oxeia. Iuv6ieTal Jle aUO'TlJpC1 15lalPOplKwV rpoxwv WOTe va rraipvel Kivl1a'l ano ~wa nou KIVOUVTOI OTO opI~6vTlo errint60 (KaTOaKwaOTtjc;: lJ.. Kpuipl1c;).

navw: noioa Aa15/Ou Hpwvoc;. lJ.t~Ia: aVappOlPrjTlKij - «oraBArjrrTl/oj avrAia KTIJO/fJiou (KoTaoKwoOTijC;: lJ.. Kplap'lC;).

6 H KA0HMEPINH - KYPIAKH 4 IANOY APIOY 1998

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KYPIAKH 4 IANOY xrrov 1998· H KAEl'HMEPINH 7

IUlleX£·fa am; TIJII 71J oeAi6a "((J.OT] rtpoc roue OUTOIlOnOj.IOUe;.

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MOp<pE<; EVEPY€lOC;

rllllOVTlK~ ~s~ata w8110T] OTT]v apxaloe'\'\'T]vlK~ ll11xovOAOyio 8a OlVOTOV scv Eixe npoM!3El va Ei1eKTa8ei 11 ecpoPlloy~ o'\'\'wv 1l0pcpwv evepyeloc, €KTOC; an' m IlUlK~ QUVOIlT] (ov- 8pwnwv Kat ~wwv):

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118 OTIlO... .

H OUVOIlT] TaU rtA&KTPIOIJOU: Eow T] YVWOT] eivm unOTUnWOT]e;. To «~A8- KTpOV» (TO KEXPlllnapl) nou sAKel (')latpOPO U~lKa «OKPl!3WC; onwt:; 0 ucYV~TrtC; ShK€lTO oi011PO», ~TaV'nOAU yVWOTO - Kat npoepyorov on' 1T] Bopete Gahaooo, exelortou a ¢lae8wv XTun~811Ke an' TOV xeupcvo (0'\'\'T] ilIa op8~ Oloouv(')eOT] llAeKlplKwV CPOIVOIl8VWV!). AUTO. xwpiC; Kal.ua 8- tpOPIlO~. Kl OIlWt:;, aUTO. 8a ~av08u- 1lT]8d 0 W. Gilbert ucrepo ana OUO XIAlaOet:; XPovla (1646 Il.X.) Kat ea 'm ovouccei vis electrica ...

L1Tj f3rfJAwYQa.rpia f3ef3ako~ /DWeeZ "ave/" va f3Qet :rrtQwaouQt~ /il/xaVoAoyml.~ upaQlwyi~:

-In" aJ!1)'/JwH"i~tjl/xavi, (/31. lX. M. Koeel:: «Ano 1Tjv nWdAI/ awv naQBtJlwva», Mi} .. sooa; A8ijva, 1992).

- In, nomi4t~ aVrAit~ (fJA. lX. J_ G. Landels, «Engineering in the ancient world», University of California Press, 1981).

- I rt~ ar~ artw rmb; /il/Xav ~~ ra ~a.1.J(0 rov~, ra at(}orova Xat ra rfQaarta agpara uuxrJ~ (40 i(J)~ 60 /i. l)1j1O~), T~ «de:rrOA.S!!7 (fJA. l.X. B. Gille «Les mecaniciens grecs», Seuil, Paris, 1980, na8w~ "at e. KOQgi:' «To vreov lrVe», Bavta~ ewlvlxT/, 1995).

- Zrl/ vavmrrmr, (fJllX· X Aci~o,: «Na.vrmij uXvoAoy[a (]1TjV aexa[a Elliioo:», AIoAO" 1996).

- Ztl/V Avw/iarOlrOtrITmr, (f3J... lX. zl. KaUt-

rfeO:rroVA.O~: «Avw,ItawlroUjlrmij rOl)

Hoosvoc», ABijva, 1996).

1) Iloiooa Aaowv no 41 (OO1)yo).

2) A WIP wrmij /i1]xav~ V€Qov no 45 (O(jl/Yo~).

3) AVV1/'wrm~ /i1]xavij VfeOV no 48 (OO1)yo~).

4) AeBeo Patr (jlillla 1

5) OOI/Yo" no 43, avdia K 1Tj(](f3iov.

6) AeBeo OA.ww. ox· 13.

8 H KA0HMEPINH . KYPIAKH 4 IANOYAPJQY 1998

nWC; 01 yepavoi TOU APXII.u10IJ Kora13u81('OV TO pwpal'Ka rrOAIOpKIJTIKO rJAoio OTIC; lupaKOiio&c; KOra TrW rJeplYPoqnj TOU m.ourapxou,(IX£olo P; James, "N. Thorpe, «Ancient Inventions", M. O' Mara, London, 1995).

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~ lKTUU C:PpUKTWP1WV EK TWV OVWT€PW ouvdveroi OTt tii5'l KOTa TT)V enoxijv exslvnv unijpxav unoTunwi5n «OiKTUO" qlPUKTWPIWV us orosuouc «ovolleTat50oewe:" ele: TOV xwpov TOU Alyolou we:

Kat ele: TTJV MIKpaV Aoiav. Tnv unoSe- 0Tl eVIoxuel 0 TPOYIKO<; nOL'lTtie: ALOXUAOe: el<; TO i5polla TOU «Ayalli:uveiv». To oxeTLKo IlBpo<;, av KOL KOnw<; llaKpooKeAe<;, OVOqlBpeTat xoTWT€PW OADKATJpO i5lon napououi~eL 1i510iTepov eVOLOqlepOv (Ayall€IlVWV 280 KOL eqle~ri<;):

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12 H KA8HMEPINH - KYPIAKH 4 IANOYAPIOY 1998

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Ta rrcdnuo rtxoio Kat l.leXPI to EAAIlVl011KO Kat 10 POOlla"iKo XPOVla exouv 00<; 8f;exov ororxslo 10 ptouoAeo rtsrotouc, 8VW 000 rtepvouv Ol OLooV8<; OAO Kat 0IlllavnKoT8po POAO

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o l KaAUTe pa olaln P'1 IlEvO l vscocorxor Tne; ZEae; epeVVn81"]KaV TO 1885 OTI"]V f3op£LOavaToAIKn nxsupo TOU Aq.laVIOU Kat I.I£PIKa cpeirno Oloaw~ovTat OTO urtovero nOAUKOroudoc lTle; aK1ne; MOUTO'OnoUAOU.

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MlKPOT£POI oe apl81.1o KaL creverepoi vseoooucot EXOUV !3pe8ei AOt;eUI.IEVOl OTO LOUVlO Kat KOVTO 010 AlllaVl HIe; II"]Teiae;, O1a MOTOAa Kat 01:0 PE8uIlVO Tile; KpnT'1e;. LTevOTe-

pOL xnouevor veWOOlKOl !3pE9'1KOV OTI"] vena nAeupa TOU upxclou noAqllKOU All.I€vO~ TIle; P600u TOU 0fJueoivou MovTpaKiou. Htcv vro 111- xporspo nxolo onwe; Tpt'1lll0Aee;.

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Eva ~aOlKo epwTlll.la nou ouv£Xi~el va rtcpcuever cvortcvmro civet nou KTi~ave Ol OPXaiot TO nOAel.llKO aAM KOl ru e~nOPlKa TOUe; rtxoiaxcn nou TO £ntOKeUa~av. 0 M£aatWVlKoe; Xwpoe; 'IOU «TOPOOVa" eolveror on o£v unOPX€1 ornv oPXatOTIlTO. Ot aPXaiOlllaAAOV f::KTI~OV Kat emOK£U~ a~av ro rtxolo TOUe; oe olo<popa nopOAlaKo onueio. nl6avoAoyeiTol on 01 VaUn'1YlKEe; eYKoTa01oaele; ~Tav ALYOTepO I.IOVll.le<; cno oMa AlllevlKo KTiOI.lOTQ Kat eI.lOlO~OV us TIe; rroox£lp£e;, oKoAwotee; nou I3AEnou~e onuepc O£ olOqJopee; napaAiee; orov KTi~OVTQleKei KoiKlO. <POP11Tee; onwe; eivm, XOVOVTOl l.Ie TO XPOVO Kat o£V OqJnVOUV iXVIl·

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TO nAPEIIGON TWV OUTO!-HlTWV xoV£Tm IlEOO OTOV opxoio EAAIlVlKO IlU 80, H noumkn ouvruoio 0Xl 110- vo nM8n OAAO KOl OPOflOT1~ETOl, npo!3MnEl, EnlVOEl WIXOVEe; OUTOKivIlTee;, onwe; TOUe; OUTOIlOTOUe; rpinoosc TOU Hociorou OTIlV OunPIK~ IAlI]OO ~ TO ouroucro nxolo TWV ct>ataKWv ornv Oouooelo. 0 flu- 8IKOe; ov8pwnoIlOpc.plOIlOe;, Il nomTlK~ oIlAOO~ npcaeon va onoKT~OE:1 Il euon ovSpwmvll 1l0pq:>~ Kat !.flUX~, enll P S a~£;[ KO l rnv sMIl v lK~ CJKElIHI_

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H KlvllT~pla ouvallll TWV europeTWV ourdiv rtcoovercn EiTE !l8 eva OUOTp8~lla V8UPWV, eva dooe; eAarnoiou aav aUTO nou AelToupyoua8 OTOUC; KOTanEAT8C;, 8iT8 118 TnV

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18 H KA8HMEPINH· KYPIAKH 4IANOYAPIO'{ 1998

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KYPIAKH 4 JANOY APJQY 1998· H KA8HMEPINH 19

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20 H KA0HMEPINH . KYPIAKH 4 IANOY APIOY 1998

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KYP!AKH 4 IANOYAPIOY 1998 - H KA0HMEPJNH 21

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22 H KA8HMEPINH - KYPIAKH 4 IANOYAPIO'{ 1995

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KYP1AKH4 lANOYAPlOY 1998" HKA0HMEPLNH 23

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AV"}TA. Kcdhlyip:(Jw; oto E(!r()m;~f}w Evan/parlxli, Bora"''''~, "it< PlIwYB'"Yf}acpia" T'I~,ua BIO· Aoyiw;. A(J«),oriXtW navt"uanlJlw ewaaJ.Ol!'''?,

H X/\QPII, OUIlCPWVO ue TIlV eAAIlVtK~ IlU80AOyio, ~TOV Il Sea nou npocrdrsue TIlV ovomu~1l KOI TT]V sunIle pia TWV CPUT(ov. nArlPocpoPlo nou uopruoc OTl 01 apxoiOl EMT]ve~ OEV ~TOV ovunoqriooror l:OU CPUTIKOU nAOlJl:OU nou TOU~ m:ptEf3oAAE. rpomE~ uoprupiec Kat KoMll:eXV1- KEe; cneucovicerc l:lle; OpxmOTT]lO~ CPOVEPWVOUV f30810 YVWOT] TWV yvwpioudrtov TWV OlOCPOPETlKWV CPUTlKWV et5wv Kat TOU 15toiTepou f310TOnou onou cure ouvovrtovrcr « ... on A.ElJxa, nov Of. q!aQi'JlJ, (3aev, /3aA.TOrono (pvrQWVf.t, sa lara nav({) rQa/3af.l, XaL I<0vaxa xaraxoQlj!a rpVTQWVOVV w xA.a(,lta T17<;, al<a;OpaaTOQa<; T17V eX01J!8 11' aarQarpuQo Wf.XOVQt, va T17 A.VY£Of.t xm TQOXOYVQO; va yivf.t Of. WQW apast". ». (111.. !:::. 482--486).

01 nOAuapl8lle~ ouecsc ~ EIlIlEOE~' ovcoopec UAOTOWIOT]~ OEVoptov OTO 01lllP1Ko. xsluevc, n:XVtK~ nou crtorrei El01Kee; yvwoel~ « ..• 0 VOVi:; roy Xavel, xi OXt 'I ovva,u'I, TOva· ;10 },OTOpO ... » (IA. LV 315) Kat KOTo.AAllAO 8pyaA8Ia, un008lKVlJOUV 1110 OUOTT]IlOT1K~ 8KIl8To.AA8UOT] TWV OOOlKWV OlOnAo.OeWV TOU 8AAaOIKOU XwpOU ana l:T]V £nox~ cxslvr; 0 uAon'llloe; Aey8Tat «/jQVTO,UOi:;". uro KOl TO OUXVOl:EPO uxorououucvo 08VOPO ~TOV T] cpuAof3oMoe; opue; ~ f3eAovlola, oE:VOPO ocplepwllevo OTOV novroouvcuo !:::.io. EKTOe; ana TIe; f3eAovlole~, oMo 20 OUTOCPU~ 5Evopo UAOTOllouvTat OUOTllllOTlKo. KOI TO ~UAO TOUe; XPIlOlllonotelTat 8- mA8KTlKa ornv KOTOOK8U~ olK050- IlWV, YEWpytKWV epyaAdwv, cue~tWV, OnAWV Kat rtxoirov.

MIO XOpOKTIlPlOT1K~ nepirrroxm e~£l51K8UIlEVT]e; XP~OT]e; ~UAOU one; olK0501lE~ eivci Il KaTooK8u~ TWV 80Ao.IlWV - 810lKWV oWIlOTiwv O1a 0- noia cpUA6yovTOV TO J.1aAAlVO pOUXO - ana TO OPWJ.10TlKO t;UAO TOU KEopou nou eX8l eVT0l10KTOVO 5pOOll.

24 H KA0HMEPINH· KYPIAKH 41ANO'YAPlOY [998

01 xpqonc; TOU ~UAOU O1l1V apxaia EAA.cXOa

01 AtUKtC; (Populus spp.) ixouv eAorppu, £AOOTIKO Kal £uKoAa £rr£~£pya(oll£vo ~uAo.

To et;QlpeTlKo. OKAIlPo aAAO Kat £AaOTlKO ~UAO TOU cPpo.~OU ~ Il£Alo.e;, 5EVTpo o.YVWOTO lowe; O1OUe; veoeAAllvee;, exatpe IOloiT£pT]e; £KTi~llOlle; KO, mJ~rova us tov Holooo ano UlJ1;O £i.flame l1Aaolll':vOL « ... Ki 0 Llia~ xaiiotu; innw !Qho f)V7jTWV av8Qw:nwv yivoi:; inA.aof., ... ~rav :nA(Wpi:V() ano xo'V!aQo;vAa (e» pdlliv) nOAfJltXO 'Hat rpo/3f.Qo m:{}L(J(}w» (Epyo Kat H~Epet; 143-145). Ana t;uAo cppat;ou KOTOOKeua~OVTOI TO 5apOTo nou ue TO xaAKlvo olXIlT]pa 10Ue; o.KPO onorsAOUV TOV OTOJ.1lKO e~OnAlOIlO K08e noxeiuorn.

Ta £U8UT£V~ t;uAo TOU xunoptootOU Kat TOU eAmou oivouv TO OOKo.piu TWV OlKlWV. TO KOUmo. KOt TO xnTo.PTlO TWV nAoiwv. Ot t;uAoupyoi (Kat t510iTepo 01 KOTOOK8UOO1e~

TWV rtxokov) 8pya~oVTOl KaTw orto TT]v Ellnv8UOT] TT]e; A8Ilvoe;, «Onau; I<wjf,(}t iaubvec Of. aQjtf.vo utav aX{J17 Wi:; aU17 lj ara({!V7j oe atwv uooiooo» xi· (}ta, 'I (PWTWlj Tlj; A8ljva~ :nov xavet Ta I<l)(ntxa nov xQv/3f.t 17 riXV17 rov xaAa va ra xarix[;:[» (IA. 0 410-412) Kat ouYKOTOMyoVTat OTOU~ «XQ~at,UOVi:; yta W xotvo !f.xvlu~» nou KOA£i KOveic aKOJ..11l «XL an' rrl~ Y17i:; ta niQC1- rc» (05. P 386-390).

To MVTPO nou KOT£~OX~V XPT]Oluortoiouvrm OTT]V KOTOOK£U~ nxoiwv sivut T] 5pue;, TO n8UKO, T] A£UKO, KOI TO EAmo. At;i~El vo oxoMomelll entAoy~ TOU £l50ue; nEUKOU crnv KaTQOKeU~ TT]~ xnpivuc TWV nxolWV. Onwe; 1l0~ AE£1 0 OIlIlPOC;, " ... yw OQVi:;, yta }.",)xa X(ip({) yw :ntl}XO TQt· IJ,uiyaA.o, ][OV 'x(j1jJav na ora /3ovva at flaoro(!Ot iu: ui vUJxnaw TafxOVQta roVi:;, xaqivo. va TO xavovv ... )J (111.. N 389-391), TO nEUKO aUTO, «lj niivc»,

K0f30TOV rtcvoi 010 ~OUvo., eK£i nou onuepo OUVaVTal-lE: rn liJllha Eu9uTev~ ucuoo nsuxc. To naP08aAaOoto £iOIl n£UKOU, «lj ][[.1)X17», 5ev npOTlIlWVTOl YlOTi exouv XOJ.1IlAOTepOU~ KOl ouxvo. OTP£~AOUt; KOpJ.10U~. /\lyaTepo yvw01ee; TOU eAAT]VlKOU CPUOIKOU neplf3oAAOVToe;, 01 oUYXPOVOl vcurmvol nou OVOKOTOoxcucocv TIlV TPI~PT] OAullmaoo morsuouv on £~acpaviOTT]Ke ana TT]V EAAo5a "'[0 doot; rtsukou nou XPT]OlllonOlouoov Ol OPXOiOI OTIlV KOTOOK8U~ nAoiwv KOI £mAEYouv Eva alleptKo.VlKO e150e;, TO oregon pine.

To eusurevn EAOTO 5ivouv TO xourno KOl TO KOTo.PTla TOU nxoiou. « ... ara WQVfVTa xaeioav danvC1 xovma »uu. yipwav arpQou; ro xi',ua yv(}C1 ... » (00. 11 171-172). nev~vTo EAOTO Ka~OVTOV YIO ro xournd (EVO Y10 Ko.8£ xourti) Kat eva YIO TO KOTapn ~lOe; nevnvroxonou, TOU nxolou Tile; OIlT]plK~e; enox~e;· ITIlV exorpcreic KOTa TT]e; Tpoiae; nou neplypacpel 0 OIlT]pOe;, mlPOV llf::pOe; 934 n£VT]VTo.xortoi nou (X 51 f::AOTa) aVTlOTOIXOUV oe 47,634 UAOTOIlIlI.lf::VO 8Aala. H rnson nou 5EXTIlKav TO eA01050- OIl crto TIlV aVo.mU~1l Tile; VaUTlK~e; tOXUOe; TWV EAA~VWV viveror OKOJ.11l eVTOVOT£PIl OTOV OTT]V OKIl~ TOU 0- 8llVOIKOU O1OAOU II Ko.8£ Tpl~PIle; eiX£ 170 £Ao.TlVO xourud. 001000, £vw 01 cpUDlKEe; OIOnAa081e; TWV XOIlIlAWV utjJ0lleTpwv. nou KUPlO TPOCPOOOTOUOOV l.Ie KOU01Wl UAIl nc av- 8pwmvee; OPOO1T]PlOTIlT£e;, unof308IlLOTT]KOV eVTovo J.1eTO HI 110- KPOXPOVIO onOtlJiAwo~ TOU~, TO £AOTOoaOT] OVTEopooav yevvwVTOe; eva vbo nOLO!, nou onueoo xupropXei OTIlV opoostpo TT]e; ntv50u, rnv Abies borisii-regis, uf3pi5lo TT]e; eMIlVlK~e; Kat 8UpwnoIK~e; £AOTIlC;. r8- yOVOC; nou unOOIlAWV£1 nwe; Il eAAIlVlK~ XAwpioa 5£v Enmt;£ IlC)VO TO POAO TOU no8T]TlKOU 8UJ.1OTOe; Tilt; ",[£XVOAOY1K~e; avo.mut;lle; TWV apxaiwv EAA~VWV oAAo. ovreopooe KOl ouv£t;eAix8IlK£ J.18 TTIV av8pwmVIl VOT]OIl·

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KYPIAKH 4 JANOYAPIOY 1998 - H KA0HMEPINH 25

Ta a(JlpOVOllIKCt opyava

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Ku8e Ililspa 0 HAlOe; OTsAvel nc axrivec lOU orn Yil Ka8we; OlaypaepEl TIlV TPOXla TOU orov ouoovo KOl ana TO eKamOi"e Ulj!oe; TOU enovw ana TOV TOntKOV Opl~ovTa e~apn'Hat TO IlnKOe; Tile; OKIUe;, 'rnv onoio pixvouv TO cvnxeiuevc. BaOE:1 uurnc Tile; 0- nAnc naoaTnonoewc KaTE:OKeUa08n TO apxaIOn;po. am:pOVOj.lIKO opvovo, o yvwpwv n OKloBrypac;, evucxoruKOpUepOe; m:UAOe;, TOU onoiou to !1nKOe; Tile; OKIOe; IlETO~aAAfaat TOOOV KOla Til OlaPKEla Tile; ilflspae; ooov KOl KOTa Til 0laPK8la TOU 8TOU<;. Tnv ilj.lspa TO eMXlm:o IlnKOe; Tile; OKlae; cnueuovsrm rnv aAllSn j.leOflIlPpia, OIlAaOn Til OTIYl1n TTle; OlQ[3ooewe; TOU ilAiou nno TOV !1eOllIlPplvO TOU rortou, KOTo. HI OIOPKE:lO TOU ETOUe; 11 lleyoAUTepTl !1eOllIl~pIVn OKLO. TOU YVWIlOVOe; an ueuovsror TIlV Illlspa TOU xellleplvou TlAlOmaoiou (n TpO~e;) Kat Tl IlIKpOTepTl IlEOIlIl~plVn OKLO TTlV Tl!1epo TOU 8eplVOU TlAlOOTaoiou. Kororuv npooiSlopl~eTOl vstoueTpIKWe; TO IlnKOe; Tile; OKIUe; Kmo nc lan ue pice, En0IlSVWe; Kat 0 l 11 ucpounviec TOUe;, 0 unOAoYIOlloe; Tile; aKpl~Oue; OIOpKdoe; TOU STOUe; Kat Ko8e !liae; orto ne; reocspic EnOxf.e; cnersAeoe [3aOlKn EnliSiw~Tl TWV opxoiwv OOTPOVOllwv.

H ortouocromc Tile; xpn08We; TOU YVWIlOVOe; YlO TTl uerpnon TOU nuepnoiou Xpovou KaS' Ot..ll TTl Olo.pKelO TOU eTOUe;, oiSnY1"]oe OT1"]V ovo.mu~1"] 1010lTf.pOU cmcmuovrxou KAUOOU, TTle; rVwpovIKryC;, T1"]e; onoiae; sqxipIloyn onorexei II TE:XVIKn TTle; xcrcoKeUne; TWV I')AIOKWV wpoAoyiwv.

To TlAlaKO WP0t..OylO OIOKplvovml OE oUO TlJnOUe;, TOV eAAl)VIKO Kat TOV pwpal"Ko, LTOV eAAIlVIKO rurto 11 OKlO TOU YVWIlOVOe; nS<pTel os 1l!110epOlPIKn crtupcvsru, TOV noAo· OTOV pWllalKO runo 1"] OKlO neepTel 08 erneoveto KaAOU)lSVIl oKarpl). Luvn8ooe; 0 YVWuoiv mT]pi~eTOl nAoyiooe; oore va exel rnv Kon;u8uvOl"] TOU o.sovoe; TOU KOouou, oT]AoiSn TOU osovoe; rtsprcrpoep~e; Tile; Ylle;, Kat va OKOnE:UE:1 TOV [30- P8l0 noxo TOU oupovou- ornv eruocveto onou ne<p181 11 OKLO TOU urtcpXOUV unOOIOlpe081e; YlO nc 12 wpee; HIe; T]llspoe;, Ol ortolsc exouv Ola<popeTlK~ OlOPKEIO Kmo nc Olo<popee; 8- noxee;, vt' aUTO Kat OV0!10~OVTOl KOIPIKi:r:; wp£e;' eivoi enionc OlaepopeTIK~e; OlOpKE:IOe; Kat orto Tle; wpee; TT]e;

26 H KAElHMEPINH· KYPIAKH 4 IANDY APlOY IlJ98

01 lC5miT&pou tuttou ami TOUe; 4>IAimrouc; TqC; MaK£60viac;, XpovoAoyoup£vo pao£1 tmypaq,wv OTO 250-350 p.X. AvaKaTOaKtu~ ana rov.6.. Kplap'1.

Bu~avTlvoe; £11;n£60c; aorpoAa/3oc; 6101l£TPOU 14 ex. an6 op£ixoAKO, TOU 1026 p.x., 0 0110;0C; OUVtX;~£1 TI'/V apxo;o napa600q.

VUKTOe;, E:ep' OOOV 1l0VOV KOTo. nc OLio nuepounvisc TWV 10000IleplWV 01 wpee; TTle; Tlllepoe; Kat TTle; VUKTae; elver iocc )l£TO~U TOUe; Kat KoAoUVTOl Wl')peplvee; Wpf:e;.

rIa TTl uerpnon TOU xpOVOU TT] VUKTa XPIlOl)lOnOIOUVTO KAe IjJU soec. OIlWe;, Kmo TO 1l8YOAO ooroovcuo KAaUOlO nroxsuoio (20e; at. Il.X.) ana TO olo<popa eioTl »ooosoniu», oT]Aa-

O~ wpoAoyiwv, OUTE 10 TlAIOKU topoAOYIO OUTe 01 KAelj!uopEe; rtpertet VO S8ooPOUVTOl anOAUTooe; OKpl[3n' TO 1l8V npdrro AOYW nt8ovne; ueroronlOEWe; TOU YVWIlOVOe; TWV, TO De oeuT8pa AOYW OVWIlOAOU po~e; TOU uvpou uno IT]V enevepvsto OlO<pOpWV napoYOVTWV' oKpl[3eie; )l8Tpn081e; TOU XPOVOU, ewe; Kat TOU npdrroo 1..8- rrrou Tile; wpae;, unopouv va yivouv

1l0VOV ol'aotpoAa{Jwv wpooKonlwv.

Es opxne; ncov vvoxrroi OUo runot aOTpoAu[3ou, 0 O<patpIKOe; Kat 0 anineooe;. 0, (JrpaipIKor:;aOTpoAa(3or:;, TOV TP0rr.OV KmooKeu~e; TOU onoiou 8K8eT81 0 nTOA8Ilaioe;,~TOV 1110 ap- 8pWTn oooioo- XPTloilleUe vto TOV npoootoprouo TTle; 8sdeD:le; TWV corepwv we; npoe; TT]V eKAetllnK~ (~WOlOKO KUKAO) KOlIOlOlTepWe; YIO HI lleAeTTl me klv~oeWe; TT]e; oeA.nvlle;· 0 eninzoor:;' aorpoAr'I(3or:; OnnSAWE: TO onouomorspo oorpovouuco opvovo nno 'rnv E:MIlVlOTlKn enoxn ewe; Kat TOV 170 atWVO OTOV ounKO KOOIlO, eVW OTOV 1l0UOOUAIloVlKO T] XP~OTl TOU 0IeTTlP~8ll Swe; Kal TOV 190v OlWVO. H 8eWPTlTIK~ [300l"] KmoOK8Une; TOU aVUYeTOl orov IlE:YOAO OOTPOVOIlO Innapxo (20e; at. n.X.), onooe; uoprupel 0 LuveOIOe; Kup~VIle;. npOKelTOl nepi Tile; ou;peoypacpIKr,e; npoj3oAr,e;, oT]i\ao~ crterxovlostoc ooolooc srtcvco oe enim:oo KOHl TecOlOV rpono, WOTe va OIOT1"]POUVTOl Il lOOTIle; rtov yooVIWV Kat 01 ovoAoyiEe; TWV 1111 KWV, ortcpclmrsc npoun08eoele; 0!1010TT]me; YIO TTlV ovayvwplOfi rtov OXIlIlOnOIlWV TWV omspwv. OE enlnesc XOPTT]. H apXOloTepo oW~OlleV'l rtsptYPQ<Pn TOU opvdvou eupioxerm OTO 8PYO TOU Iwo.vvou lOU 4ltAon6vou (60e; ot. IlX) nepi TI')e; TOU oarpoAcif30u xpryoewr; KOIKQmOKwryc;.

H onOUiSotOTT]e; TaU ompoAa!3ou 8- yKEITat OTIl OUVOTOTIlTO ll£TpnOeWe; Kat nueoou unoxoviouou OlO<pOpWV OOTPOVOIlIKWV Kat TonOYPO<pIKWV ororrskov: n.x. rnc OKpl!30ue; wpae; 0- nOlOO~nOTE: OTIYlln Tile; 1"]).lSpae; n HIe; VUKTOe;· TOU wpOOKonou Kat TOU ueoouoavnuatoc, OTlAOOn T1le; uoipcc (Kat npdrrou AWTOU) TOU ~ooOIOKOU 11 onoia oVOTeMel K0ge mlY!1~ Kat exeivnc Tl onoio )l800UpaV£! cvnoroixwe;· Tile; oKpl[30ue; wpoe; cvoroxnc, uecouoovnoeoc Kat OUOE:ooe; rtov Ola<pOpwv OOTSPWV' Tile; eeOE:We; TOUe; Kmo ro OlO<pOpO OUOTnllOTO ouvrerovuevov TOU rtpoooroprouou TOU KAiparoc;, OTlAOOn TOU yewypa<plKOU nAOTOue; evoc rortou K.O.

AAt..o oorpovouuci opvovo ~oav TO E~ne;: H oteoea ocpaipa, Tile; onolcc TTlV KOTOOKWn ova<pspel 0 nTOA8- ucloc aAA' 11 opxn Tlle; XPovoAoyeiml not..u evcoplrspo £<pepE: encvto TTle; ~wypo<pIOlleVOUe; TOUe; OmE:pIOIlOUe; Kat TOUe; j3QOlKOUe; KUKt..OUe; rnc OUpaviou oeclpoc, [3U081 TWV onoiwv eTopveUOVTO Kal TOn08ETOUVTO e~ooTepIKWe; a VTiOTOlXO I ~UAlVOI KUKAOl us nc unOiSlatpsOEle; nov uouxov, 0 napaAAOKTlKor:; KOVWV YIO TOV rtpooOIOPIOIlO Tile; 8S0E:we; TWV oorepcov we; rtpoc TOV Opi~OVTO. a n:rpavrac; Kat 0 J.1Wl)ji{JpIVOC; KUKAoC; vro TOV npOOOIOPlOIlO TOU Ulj!oue; lOU IlAiou KOTO Til lleOOUPUVIlOl"] (aA1"]8ne; 118- Ol"]I1[3pia). 0 IOl')peplvor:; KUKAor:; vto TOV npOOOIOPlOIlO TOU XPOVOU 'ttov 1- OfIllePIWV' KOl 0 Kavwv rou Innapxou vto Til Il8TPIlOfi TOU yooVIOKOU eupouc TOU IlAlaKOU OiOKOU.

AVOKOTOOKl:Utj (Ol:~)ir) TaU M'IXOVICIPOU TWV AVTIKUetjpWV ana rov Derek de Solla Price. nirvw, ovaKaTaOK£Ut1 TOU P'IxaVlopou, pl: ~la!popsTIKt1 eSWp'lC1f/ TWV C1S/PpW". T~V o~o:

VTWTWV TPOXWV ana TOV Allan Bromley. AplC1Ttpa, tva ana TO riooepo fJpauC1pora TOU apxaiou Wpr,,.,OTOC;.

Mova01Ka a01pOV0}11Ka apyavo }1EyaAf}~ aKpi~Ela~ }1£ l£paOna EITIOlf}}10VlKr} KallOl0plKria~ia

Tau N. A. OIKOVOjJOU OI'OtlpOV ;<aO'lY"In1 A.n, e,

TO nAi\AIOTEPO opvovo nou XPT]GlilOnOLOU08 1l08rlllOTLKouq cupIlouq OOOVTWTWV TPOXWV KOl KOTa ouveneio 0 apxmoT8poq urtoxovrm~q elver TO vvooro 8UPT]lla MT]xaVlOIlOe; TWV AVTlKU8~pwv, nou aolall<plo[3~TT]TO XPOVO}..Oy~8T]K8 OTI avnK8l OU1V npo TOU 80 n.X. 8TIOX~. TE008PO KUPlO Bpnuoucra TOU 1l11- XavlOIlOU ourou [3peBT]KaV TO noOXa TOU 1900 ono Ol1ooa mpouyyapaowv, nou 8~WKE:l}..av oro VT]Ol TWV AVTlKUB~pwv mil OlaPKE:IO TOU TO~IOlOU TT]e; eruorpoenc TOUq nno TO vspd TT]e; !\ll3ulle;, onou aM8uav o<pouyyapla, ornv ncrpido TOUe; Til IUIlT]. IE: KaTaOUOE:le; olepE:UVllTlKee; or 0<pouyyapao8q I3peBT]Kav prtpoore 08 eva VaUaYLO rnc pWl1a'(K~e; E:noxne;, nou eKpu[3e Blloaupoue; apXalo}..OYIKOUe;, lleTO~U TWV ortohov ro 8pauoilaTO aUTO.

Ta apououorc aPXLKa OE:V rtpoxc}..wav 10laiTE:pO 8vola<pepov, Ka8wq TO a}..}..a eupnucrc nTOV mo E:VTUnWOlaKa. OIlWe; nTOV rc uovo nou e<pE:pay emypa<pee; Kat srtouevec TO 110- va n9u 8neTpenav OE: npWTT] npocevvicn TOV npOOOIOPlOIlO Tile; XpOvOAoyiae; TOU vauayiou. Ano Tie; emypa<pee; oursc, Kal lOlaiTepa ana TT]V

8TIlypa<p~ TOU ncoormvuoroc, npoxurrret nwe; 0 Il11XaV101l0e; OUVOE:Orev 118 corpcvouuccc llE:Tp~OE:Ie;.

H orroripnon TWV 8pauolloTWV eYlVE: OXe06v alleOWe; ana TOV KaSllyl"\Tn B. Inall, TOV VOlllOlloTOAOYo I. Il3opwvo «n TOV av8unonAoiapxo n. Pei5lQOll. Ot ouo T8}..8UTOlOl ouu<pwvouv on 0 IlTlxaVlOlloe; eivoi 0- OTpoM[3oe; we; eK TI"\e; cvnncocaeone TWV ernvpcediv 1lE: TI"\V cvrlororXIl neplypa<pn TOU Cl>l}..onovou. 0 K. Poooe;8ewPll0E: on TO opvovo rrrov nJ..eov noAun}..oKo onAou oOTP0}..O[3ou.

H nMov oUYXPOVT] l1eAeTll TOU Illlxavlollou eYlve nrto TOV Ka8T]YllT~ Price nou l3aoiOTI"\K8 os paolOypa<plKee; spsuvsc TOU K. X. KapaKaAou. Ana TIe; pa5loypa<pi8e; npoeKu\jJe on o 1ll'1xavloll0e; rteptsixe 32 OOOVTWTOUe; TpOXOUe;. ETIlxelpn811K8 avaouv8eOT] TWV ellnAeKollEvwV TpOXWV KOI ovcxcrccxeuf TOU l1T]xaVl- 0110U wOTe va anoKoAu<pBei T] Aelroupvio TOU. Me [3aOT] TIe; lleAETee; curse 0 Price cvcscrcoxeucoe TO IlT]XaVloIlO. HTOV Eva op80YWVLO Kouri u\jJoue; 33 eK., n}..aToq 17 8K. KOI TIaXOUe; 10 eK. Kat OXT1I1aTi~oVTav ana I1npoUVT~IVOUe; 5[oKoue; 2 XlA. naxoue; us nxcioio ~UALVO OloioKOl e<pepav TIe; E:mypa<pee;.

InlV el1np009la ol.(Jll ecp8p8 Mo

0IlOK8VTpoue; i5[OKOUe; ev5e:i~8wv, 0- nou evoe; oeiKTT]e; oeixv8l TT] 8eOT] TOU HAJOU os oxeOT] 1lE: TOUe; ortsovelc (TO OOTPlKO sroc) KOl TT]V 'WE:P0I111via. Eve; oeuTepOe; i5eiKTT]e; 5eixvel rn 9i:0T] TIle; 08MvT]e; we; npoe; TOUe; cnxoveic (oorpucoc I1nvoe;).

ITllV orrioato o\jJT] unopxouv Mo oioKol evoei~ewv, nou KoBi:voe; anoTeAeiTal ana evav apl91l0 0110KE:VTPWV i5aKTuAlwv. 0 xal111AOTepOe; OiOKOe; <pi:pel 59 oIOlpi:oele;, nou aVTlOTOlXOUV one 29,5 Ili:pee; TOU ouv05LKou (cexnvicxou) I1nva. Evoe; I1lKpOe; OUllnAT]pwlloTlKOe; oelKT~e; l1eTPO TOUe; 5w5eKo OUVOOIKOUe; I1nvee. To nAi:ov OT]110VTlKO ~Tav va OUVQUa~el TO MeTwvlKo KUKAO ue TOUe; Il~vee;. Eva ernnxeov OTOlXeiO elvoi 0 0POKOVlKOe; ~ KOIl~lKOe; Ilnvee, nou elver 11 ypoW~ TIle; TOIl~e; TOU emrtsoou TT]e; TpOXIOe; TT]e; oeAJivnc yupw ana m vn ue TT]V eKAelTITIK~, YIOTl nuroc KaBopi~el rtc eKAeil.(Jele;. Me TO ouvouoouo ourov oi5T]vouuccrc oro KUKAO Iapoe;, OT]AOOn TOV KUKAO TWV eKAeiljJewv, nou anoOelKvueTOl ana TT]V ovcvvoion IWV eruvpcqxov Tile; onloBIOe; nA6Kae; (YPolllln 42, ortou 0 opl8110e; 223 npocpovwe; un05T]AWVel TOUe; ouvoi5lKO ue; Ilnvee; orto U au Il~aivouv 19 eKAelljJ8le;).

Or apl81l01 TWV OOVllWV TWV TpO-

XWV Kol 0 ouvounouoc oa OUPIlOue;, ornoc 509T]Ke ana TOV Price KOll1eTO ana TOV Bromley srrrrpertei va onoowooulle OTOV l111xavlollo AelToupvice nou ouvoeovrcn us rnv KivT]OT] TI"\e; oeAliVT]e;, TOU nAIOU «n TWV IleTO~U TOUe; oxi:oewv (eKAel\jJele;), nou 0IlWe; cnorrouv urroxoviououc nou rtpenet va eKTll10UV l1eXPI KOl i:~l 5eKaolKa \jJT]<pia. n.X. 0 oUVOUOOIlOe; 19 cnov (MerwvIKOe; K0K}..0e;) us TOUe; 223 OUVOOIKOUe; Il~vec; KOl TOUe; 242 i5paKovTeloue; f1~vee;, onou oopaKoVT£IOe; Ilnvae; lOOUTOl ue 27,212220 Ilepee; Kal 0,921493 OUVOOlKOUe; Il~vee, oeixvel TIlV ortorrouuevn oxpi~elo nou enperte va eK<jlpa~el 0 1111- XOVlKOe; curoc unoxovtornc.

Tt}..oe;, 80 rtperter va roviorsi T] unap~ll TOU olacpoplKoU cuornuoroc nou XPT]OlIlOnoLei IlLO eloooo nou TT] l1eTa<jlepel os QUo e~60oue;. LTO auornuoro aUTO T] TOXUTT]Ta rtepiOTpOcp~e; TT]e; eioooou elver lOT] us Til i5l0<pOPO TOXUT~TWV TWV OUO e~6i5wv. Tsroro olacpoplKa ouvovrcue oe Ofll1eplVee; xcrocxeuec, onwe; ce IlllxaVee; i:A~T]e; «n omoocnno rs rlnore avoAoyo 5ev unaPXel nprv 0- no ro Iltoo TOU 190u cuovc. LTOV MT]xoVlOllo TWV AVTlKu8npWV 10 i5I0<jl0PlKO OUOTIlI.l0 erurpenei TO OUOXeTlOIlO TWV OUVOOlKWV 6eool1evwv ue TO OOTplKO.

KYPIAKH 41ANOYAPIOY 1998· H KA8HMEPINH 27

Iurpucq tcxvoAoyia

Tau lmipou r. MapK£rou

flQoiOQou TlI~ E1J(}W1Wi'''i, Etweda, </>J.oooq;;w; HI, [a f(J,,,,i;, A vn.trQoi<lQo U

"/, LI,,,/lvoii, ErwQt;a, iaroQ;ap'l, larQlXqc;

H rENIKH £VTUnWOll nou £ntKPOT£i orov LOTPIKO KOO~O OTI T] fiUTIK~ la- 1PIK~ T£XVOAOyio aPXIOE: va £~OnAWVE:Tat uno nc oPxec; TOU 190u ouovo, OT]AaO~ o!p' OTOU T] KAIVIK~ laTpIK~ £IJnAOUTIOTI]K£ IJ£ TIC; OVQI<;OAUt!JE:le; TOU OTT]80oKonlou, TOU 9£PIJ01Ji:TPOU Kat TOU OCPUYIJOIJOVOIJi:TPOU, O£V £LVQl OKpl~~e;. OOOl urtoornpl~OUV TT]V anOt!JT] OUT~ O£V yvwp[~OUV TT] p~on «£p£uvim: Tac; ypac:ptc;'" 0 OOqlOe; InnOKpaTT]e; OTT]V «Ilspi EuaxrUJoauvr'je;" npoYIJoT£io TOU OWIOTa OlOUe; OUVoOtA!pOUe; TOU, OXIllOvo va £~£Ta~OUV £~OVUXIOTIKa K.Ql IJE: npooox~ TOV OPPWOTO Kal TO rtsor~oMov TOU, oMa vo i:xouv rtpcsrot- 1J001Ji:vo TO 10TPIKa opvcvo. TO IJT]XOV~IJOTa KOI TO OlO£pi:VIO X£lPOUpYIKa E:PyoA£ia, xwple; TO onoio urtopsi va ne:Pli:A80uv O£ olJT]xovlo Kat va npoKoAioouv ~M~T]! AMo Kat rtcpov 0- AWVOUTWV OUVIOTO OKOIJT] on npinel vo eivm £!p001001Ji:VOIKOl IJE: uto noooasm, OnAOUOl£pq, CPOpT]T~ epyOA£109~KT] Yla TOUe; e~wT£pIKOUe; OppWOlOUe;.

"MEAErav ilE XQIj FV !ljrQlxi} unrto. f.lErei :rr:amn; xaraowAl7!; ... !V' Ij om lfl20xar/'f(}UOf.lEva (iQyava ts: xtu. flljxavai xai aioljQor; Xat ra Egryr;' /'f Yae tV rovTEO!OtV a:rr:o/J[1/ a,U/'fXav[1j Xat (V .. ci(3" wr!v. EOT(J) Or (JOt ErEQ1/lfaQH,ooor; 1/ AtrOrEQIj If(JOt; rar; a:rr:oOljfliar; Ij ow XfIQE(J)V)).

To npdrro onepucro TT]e; IOTpIK~e; T£XvoAoyiae; oveuoioxcvrur ueoo ornv £MT]VIK~ OpXatOTT]Tn, OTO IJIVW'iKo KOl IJUKT]Vo"lKO nOA1TIOIJ0 Kat OTT] Y£WYPO<PlK~ n£plOX~ TaU Aivnlou, 0- rtoic IJnpTUpOuV nvopi81JT]TO 0pXQlOAOYlKO cupnucro nou KOOIJOUV OPK£TO <pT]lJlOlJeVO uouoeio, 01 aKADVT]We; OIJWe; pi~ee; rnc, onwe; npOKUnTEl ana TT]V aVOOpOlJlK~ IOlOplOypO<plK~ epsuvo TT]e; IOTplK~e; T£XvoAoyiae;, £vrortitovror Kupiwe; uson ora rrmoKpOnKD. K£lIJ£VO Kat O£ OMO eupnucTO £K£lVT]e; TT]e; enox~e;' KOl O£V elver TuXoto, OUTE OUlJnTWlJanKO, on rtpoK£ITOl vro TT]V nepiooo TOU Xpucou Auovc. HTOV T] nepioooq EKEIVll KOla TT]V ortoio T] £AAT]VlK~ lOTPIK~ EVOYKoAloTT]K£ YIO npdrrn 'Popa TOV qllAooo<plKo ororoouo Kat £VOl£PVI- 08T]KE TO TExvoAoYlKO nveuuo nou £iXE ~OT] oPxioel va OlOlJOpqlWVETOI OTT]V Iwvio KOl TT]v KOTW lrcxlc. H mrtoxpurucr] TeXVT] 0PXIO£ va yiVETOl EntOT~IJT], xwpie; OIJWe; va OnOIJOKpUV£TOl orto TO ~OHU"TOTO OVHPWHtOTlKO xopaKT~po TT]e; ...

H tnnoxpcrucf EPYUAEl08t}Kl1

K6.8e j.lOpcpn. OPOOTT]pIOTnTOe; TOU ovHpwmvou nV£UIJOTOe; eX£l TO 01- Ka rnc epyoAeio. To i010 oKpl!3we; oev 9a urrocouoe vo IJn aUIl~oiv£l

28 H KAElHMEPlNH - KYPIAKH 4 IANOY ArIOY 1998

Epyor:mlPIO 1JOpoywyne; (opIOTepa) KOI 17l11AqO£lIIe; (KaTlII) X£IPOUPYIKWV epyoA£illlv (xaA.u!/J, C1i~fjpoe;, op£ixOAKOe;)

TIle; EAAIJ vopllllloiirne; 1Jep/tj~ou (Mouo£io BanKoI/o, PWIlIJ).

Kat ue TT]V 10TPLK~, T] ortoio "navTO m:lJ..Ql urraPX£l>.>. ME KUPIO KOl xopoKTllPIOTLKO napOOElYIJO TT] xelpoup~ YLK~ (X£lpoupyla=epyov XELpOe;).

ITO OTJPelO OU"TO rtpener va oleu~ KPlVIOTel OTI OlT]V 0PXOlOTT]TO TO nEpLOOOTepa epycu\eio (£KTOe; <pU01- KD. cno 'ru lOTPIKO £PYOA£lO Tnc; 71.1- HIvT]e; enox~e;) nTav KOTOOK£UaOlJe- va KUpiwe; ono XOAKO (~ orto Ola<pOpa Kpa~OTO TOU XOAKOU Ile 071.71.0 lJeToMo) KOI ana oii5r1Po. "XaAxw,uau en nl1/v UuV OQyaviUv f11/Orvi xery-

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K¥PIAKH 4lANOY APIOY 1998· H KA9HMEPINH 29

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rSVlKO, oMe; 01 spvoolec IJOU aUTee; oonvouv OTO ouurtepcopo on or apxaiol EMnv8e; p8yaAoupy~Oov OXlIlOvo OTn q:JLAooo<pia, rn q:Jt)o.:oAoylo, TIe; T8XVE.C;, ru vpcuuoro Kat. TOV noxrn- 01-10 aMa Kat orov TOIJf:a Inc; TE.XVOAOy[ae; Kat !pUOlKO Kat OC sxeivov TOU eMyxou Tile; nOlOTIlTOC; TWV rtpoiovnov. Evae; ast08aullOOloe; Kat KaAO opyaVWIlf:VOC; IlllXOVtOIJOe; Amoupyouoe vto TnV rrpooroolo TOU KOTavaAWT~, aMo Kat Tne; iOlae; Tnc; noxrrslcc.

l:ro arptiQw/-ta aVTo xaeOQWTm~ ~rav 1/ (J1)pf30},,~ "I~ x, Evayye).ja~BauiJJ.a Xat TOV x. 8. n. Tiunou. at rpwToygarptq; nov anel)Gov[~Ovv avaXamOy.fVfc; agxaiwv ogyiivwv, flrrxavwv x.a., 7fQoiQYp· t'leu ano rot' X(lT<IAoyo r1J~ ixBw1)<; «AgXa[a e.u.l/vm~ IE);'VOAoyia», exb, flo},mm:fX~ flgwfeVovaa "1<; EVQw1fT}<; "ewaaAovix.1) 1997».

KYFIAKH 4lANOY APIOY 11,)98 - H KA8HMEPINH 31

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Tou r. A. niKOU),O

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32 H KAElHMEPINH· KYI'IAKH 41ANOYAPIOY 1998

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H El\.I\.aoo eixe vo enLoEi~el nATipee; OOLKO OlKTUO lleptKOUe; OIWVtC; rtpiv orto Til PW!lIl. KOTaAfjyw AOlnov on m8aVOWTQ 11 pWllo'lKfj 000- rrotio otpEiAEl rteprooorcpn orto o,n tpovTa~ollomE OTOUe; E J\"ll vee; , ocvciornxe Texvoyvwoia rnv onoio nponvcve Kat ncvloce.

BI~J..tOYQ(t!fi(1

F. A. Ilixoosru; "O(l/xr) bi,avo X(U ri,uvv((>" xto. Hoooc: H Alcyu)..ll BI/lJ..IO(hjxlJ aQ. 2, A (hiv« 1995.