DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL BROADCASTING
DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL BROADCASTING
Fig.7-BER of a hard decision decoder of ISDB-T in a Rice channel
that COFDM standards can be
received in channels with no
line-of-sight path especially with
low bit rates. In these channels a
little degradation can be seen. On
the other hand, mobile reception is
possible in these standards. When
the receiver moves, the received
signal may spread over
frequency. With regular speeds (less
than 100 km /h) in UHF band,
freque ncy spreading of signal will
be very less than subcarrier spacing
in them. So a very little Inter Carrier
Interfe rence (ICI) will occur. On
the other hand by moving the
receiver, the received power
changes versus time. This change
increases
minimum required C/N for QEF SFN and
reception. Using the minimum simultaneously.
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maximum stability against channel’s
parameters changing especially for
mobile reception. These receivers
also may lose transmitter phase, so
by means of DQPSK modulation,
ISDB-T shows better performance
than DVB-T. Also, ISDB-T uses
4K mode for possibility of
Fig.8-BER of a hard decision decoder of DVB-T in a Rayleigh
mobile reception show equal performance because of on their behavior in an AWGN
their similar coding scheme. It is channel. At all receivers no synchr
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At first we compare ATSC
Viterbi error rate versus COFDM
ones in equal carrier to Noise
Ratios in an AWGN channel. This
action simply means comparison
between convolutional coding and
TCM. Figure 1 shows their BER in
AWGN channel
versus C/N. As it can be seen from
this figure ATSC shows a better
perfor mance about ldB than
DVB-T soft Viterbi decoding and
about 3dB than DVB-T and
ISDB-T hard decoding. This better
performance is a result of trellis
code modulation and lower pilot
power. ISDB-T and DVB-T
most terrestrial channels can be
modeled as a Rice channel. In
figure 2, a Rice channel is
considered with a line-of-sight
power as 10 dB greater than other
paths’ power. Equalizers in all
standards are used. It can be seen
that degradation in all of them is
relatively low.
All standards can be received, but
only about 1 dB degradation in
them can be seen.
To summarize above figures, we
can infer that all standards are well
designed to work under known
terrestrial TV channels. On the
other hand, COFDM TVs can be
received in
worse cases than above, such as
Raleigh channels and mobile
reception.
On the other hand,
synchronization is one of the most
important features that must be
considered indigital systems. Now,
effects of sampling errors on these
standards are studied. Figure 3
shows effect of timing error of
about 10%
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DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL BROADCASTING
possible bitrate and time
interleaving especially in high
frequency selective fading with
suitable frequency diversity will aid
the receiver to detect COFDM
signals. COFDM standards can be
used in Single Frequency
Networks (SFN) to obtain
maximum bandwidth efficiency.
As it is mentioned above,
DVB-T and ISDB-T use similar
channel coding and modulation
scheme. Their main difference is in
their frame structure. ISDB-T is a
complicated standard. Itoptionally
uses time interleaving to obtain
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SIMULATION RESULTS important that ATSC receiver uses onization equalizer is considered.
At this stage, we are ready to study a soft viterbi decoder whereas But, only in COFDM standards,
simulation results and to compare ISDB-T’s one is a hard decision chan nel equalizer is used and it
different standards according to decoder. Both hard and soft corrects this error automatically. As
them. First, we focus on differences decision decoders of DVB-T are it can be seen if channel equalizer in
between ATSC and COFDM shown in this figure. COFDM standards exists
standards. Next, differences As it is mentioned above,
between
DVB-T and ISDB-T are studied.
Comparison between ATSC and
COFDM standards
At this point COFD Mstandards
are compared to ATSC DVB-T and
ISDB-T has variable bit rates, but
ATSC bit rate is constant. So, only
their bitrate near the ATSC’s one
(i.e. 19.3 Mbps) is studied.
Fig.9-BER of a hard decision decoder of ISDB-T in a Rayleigh
channel
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