Note ECS 559/haryati 2015

DEFLECTION CONTROL

Refer to Clause 7.4 of the code EC2.

The limit state of deformation may be check by limiting the
l/d ratio and comparing a calculated deflection with a limit
value. Refer to Clause 7.4.2 and 7.4.3 of the code EC2.
The value of allowable span-effective depth ratio is affect
by both reinforcement ratio and concrete strength it may be
more convenient to use the chart for a simply supported
span with no compression steel together with a modification
factor K according to member type.

The equations to calculate the basic span-effective ratios,

to control deflection to a max of span/250 are given as:

If ρ ≤ ρo

l/d= K 11 + 1.5√fck ρo/ρ + 3.2 √fck ρo/ρ – 1 3/2

If ρ > ρo

l/d= K 11 + 1.5√fck ρo + 1 √fck √ ρ’

ρ – ρ’ 12 ρo
 Note ECS 559/haryati 2015

where: l/d – limit span/depth

K – factor the difference structural systems
ρo – reference reinforcement ratio (√fck 10-3
ρ – tension reinforcement ratio
ρ’ – compression reinforcement ratio

Equations have been derived on the assumption that the steel

stress, under the appropriate design load at SLS at a
cracked section at the mid-span of a beam or slab or at the
support of a cantilever, is 310 MPa.

The value obtained from equations above, should be

multiplied by 310/σs.

310/σs = 500/[fyk (As,req/As,pro)]

where: σs = tensile steel stress

As,req = area steel required at this section
As,pro = area steel provided at this section

The ratios for flange sections except, if the ratio of the width
of flange to the width of web exceeds 3, so the basic values
multiplied by 0.8. For two-way slabs, the basic span-
effective depth ratio check, based on the shorter span. For
 Note ECS 559/haryati 2015

the flat slabs calculations based on the longer span. Refer

to Clause 5.3.2.2(1) of the code EC2.

The basic ratios are modified in particular cases as follows:

1) For span longer than 7 m (except flat slabs), the basic

value should be multiplied by 7/span.
2) For flat slabs with span in excess of 8.5m, the basic
ratios should be multiplied by 8.5/span.
3) For characteristic steel strength > 500 N/mm2, the basic
ratios should be multiplied by 500/fyk.
4) More value of steel As,prov/As,req, the basic ratios should
be multiplied by As,pro/As,req (upper limit = 1.5).
 Note ECS 559/haryati 2015

Example 1:

A rectangular continuous beam of class C25/30 concrete and

high yield reinforcement 500 N/mm2 is used with spans 10 m. If
the breadth is 350 mm, check the deflection either acceptability
of an effective depth of 600 mm. Assuming the tension steel is
3H25 of As,req = 945 mm2 and 2H25 of As,pov = 982 mm2 an
interior span.

Solution:

ρ = As req/bd
= 945/(350 x 600)
= 0.0045
ρ < ρo
-3
ρo = √fck x 10
= √25 x 10-3
= 0.005

From Table 7.4N, for an interior span K = 1.5

(l/d)basic = K 11 + 1.5√fck ρo/ρ + 3.2 √fck ρo/ρ – 1 3/2

=1.5 11 + 1.5(√25) 0.005 + 3.2(√25) 0.005 –1 3/2

0.0045 0.0045
= 1.5(11 + 8.33 + 7.69)
= 40.53
310/σs = 500/[fyk (As,req/As,pro)]
310/σs = 500/[500( 945/982)]
 Note ECS 559/haryati 2015

σs = 298.4

(l/d)allowable = (l/d)basic x 310/σs x 7/10

= 40.53 x 310/298.4
= 29.47
(l/d)actual = 10000/350
= 28.57
(l/d)allowable > (l/d)actual → the deflection is satisfied.