UNIT-V

Receivers
Introduction to Radio Receivers:

In radio communications, a radio receiver (receiver or simply radio) is an electronic

device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried by them to a usable
form.

Types of Receivers:

Tuned Radio Frequency Receiver:

Fig.1. TRF Receiver

Problems in TRF Receivers:
Fig.2. Block diagram of Super heterodyne Receiver.
Characteristics of Radio Receiver:
Fig.3. Typical Fidelity curve
Blocks in Super heterodyne Receiver:

 Basic principle
o Mixing
o Intermediate frequency of 455 KHz
o Ganged tuning
 RF section
o Tuning circuits – reject interference and reduce noise figure
o Wide band RF amplifier
 Local Oscillator
o 995 KHz to 2105 KHz
o Tracking
 IF amplifier
o Very narrow band width Class A amplifier – selects 455 KHz only
o Provides much of the gain
o Double tuned circuits
 Detector
o RF is filtered to ground
1. RF Amplifier:
 2. Mixer

Separately Excited Mixer:

Fig.5 Separately Excited FET Mixer

Self Excited Mixer:

Fig.6. Self Excited Mixer

3. Tracking
4. Local Oscillator

5. IF Amplifier

Fig.7 Two Stage IF Amplifier

Choice of Intermediate Frequency:

6. Automatic Gain Control

Fig.8. Simple AGC circuit

 Fig.9. Delayed AGC circuit

Fig.10. Response of receiver with various AGC circuits.

FM Receiver:

Fig.11. FM Receiver Block diagram

Comparisons with AM Receivers
Amplitude Limiter: