File 4.

5—Morphological Analysis
Exercises
Beginning Exercises

29.Isthmus Zapotec
Examine the following data from Isthmus Zapotec, a language
spoken in Mexico. Answer the questions that follow.
a. [palu] ‘stick’
b. [kuːba] ‘dough’
c. [tapa] ‘four’
d. [ɡeta] ‘tortilla’
e. [bere] ‘chicken’
f. [doʔo] ‘rope’
g. [spalube] ‘his stick’
h. [skuːbabe] ‘his dough’
i. [stapabe] ‘his four’
j. [sketabe] ‘his tortilla’
k. [sperebe] ‘his chicken’
l. [stoʔobe] ‘his rope’
m. [spalulu] ‘your stick’
n. [skuːbalu] ‘your dough’
o. [stapalu] ‘your four’
p. [sketalu] ‘your tortilla’
q. [sperelu] ‘your chicken’
r. [stoʔolu] ‘your rope’
i.Isolate the morphemes that correspond to the following
English translations:

s possession (genitive)
 be third-person singular
lu second-person plural

ii.List the allomorphs for the following translations:

[ɡeta] / [sketa]‘tortilla’
[bere] /[ spere ]‘chicken’
[doʔo] / [stoʔo] ‘rope’

iii.What phonological environment triggers the alternation

between these allomorphs?
Answer: possession

30.Turkish
Examine the following data from Turkish and answer the questions
that follow.
a. fil ‘elephant’
b. file ‘to an/the elephant’
c. filden ‘from an/the elephant’
d. sirke ‘to a/the circus’
e. sirkler ‘circuses’
f. sirkin ‘of a/the circus’
g. fillerim ‘my elephants’
h. sirklerimizin ‘of our circuses’
i. kaplan ‘tiger’
j. kaplanlar ‘tigers’
k. cambaz ‘acrobat’
l. cambazımız ‘our acrobat’
m. kaplanın ‘of at/the tiger’
n. cambazlarım ‘my acrobats’’
o. kaplanıma ‘to my tiger’
p. cambazdan ‘from an/the acrobat’

i.Give the Turkish morpheme that corresponds to each of the following

 translations; two blanks indicate two allomorphs:

[ fil ] ‘elephant’
[ sirk ] ‘circus’
[ kaplan] ‘tiger’
[cambaz] ‘acrobat’
[e] / [a ] ‘to’
[den] / [dan] ‘from’
[in ] ‘of’
[ım] ‘my’
[ımız] ‘our’
[ler] / [lar] (plural marker)

ii.What is the order of morphemes in a Turkish word (in terms of noun

stem, plural marker, etc.)?
noun + plural marker + determiner + preposition

iii.How would one say ‘to my circus’ and ‘from our tigers’ in Turkish?
‘to my circus’ => sirkime
‘from our tigers’ => kaplanlarimizdan
31.Luiseño
Examine the following data from Luiseño, a Uto-Aztecan language
of Southern California, and answer the questions that follow.
a) [nokaamaj] ‘my son’
b) [ʔoki] ‘your house’
c) [potaana] ‘his blanket’
d) [ʔohuukapi] ‘your pipe’
e) [ʔotaana] ‘your blanket’
f) [noki] ‘my house’
g) [ʔomkim] ‘your (pl.) houses’
h) [nokaamajum] ‘my sons’
i) [popeew] ‘his wife’
j) [ʔopeew] ‘your wife’
k) [ʔomtaana] ‘your (pl.) blanket’
l) [ʧamhuukapi] ‘our pipe’
m) [pokaamaj] ‘his son’
n) [poki] ‘his house’
o) [notaana] ‘my blanket’
p) [pohuukapi] ‘his pipe’
q) [nohuukapi] ‘my pipe’
r) [ʔokaamaj] ‘your son’
s) [pompeewum] ‘their wives’
t) [pomki] ‘their house’
u) [ʧampeewum] ‘our wives’
v) [ʧamhuukapim] ‘our pipes’
w) [ʔomtaanam] ‘your (pl.) blankets’
x) [pomkaamaj] ‘their son’

i.Give the Luiseño morpheme that corresponds to each English

translation. Note that the plural marker has two allomorphs; list
them both.
_[kaamaj]_ ‘son’
__[ki]_ ‘house’
_[taana]_ ‘blanket’
_[peew]_ ‘wife’
_[no]_ ‘my’
_[po]__ ‘his’
__[ʔo]_ ‘your (sg.)’
__[ʔom]_ ‘your (pl.)’
__[pom]_ ‘their’
___[um]/ [m]___ (plural marker)
___[huukapi]__ ‘pipe’
___[ʧam]___ ‘our’

ii.Are the allomorphs of the plural marker phonologically conditioned?

=> Yes, the allomorphs are phonologically conditioned.
iii.If so, what are the conditioning environments?
=> [um] after a consonant; [m] after a vowel