Nueva Ecija High School SHS

Llanera St. Quezon District. Cabanatuan City

Comparison of the works of Presidents Estrada,

Arroyo, Aquino III and Duterte on the different
sectors of Politics

A simple compilation and comparison research submitted to

Mrs. Geraldine Marquez as a requirement on the subject
Understanding Culture Society and Politics

Submitted by:
Carl Jasper Bulalayao
John Rodney Samin
Kenneth De Guzman
Glenn Jacob Bairan
Scott Zerriz Presentacion

HUMSS 11- Palma

First-Semester, 2019-2010
 Timeline of the Philippine Presidents
Emilio Aguinaldo
 1st President of the Philippines, 1899 – 1901

Manuel L. Quezon
 2nd President of the Philippines, 1935 – 1944

Jose P. Laurel
 3rd President of the Philippines, 1943 – 1945

Sergio Suico Osmeña, Sr.

 4th President of the Philippines, 1944 – 1946

Manuel Acuña Roxas

 5th President of the Philippines, 1946 – 1948

Elpidio Quirino
 6th President of the Philippines, 1948 – 1953

Ramon Magsaysay
 7th President of the Philippines, 1953 – 1957

Carlos Polistico Garcia

 8th President of the Philippines, 1957 – 1961

Diosdado Macapagal
 9th President of the Philippines, 1961 – 1965

Ferdinand Marcos
 10th President of the Philippines, 1965 – 1986

Cory Cojuangco-Aquino
 11th President of the Philippines, 1986 – 1992

Fidel Valdez Ramos

 12th President of the Philippines, 1992 – 1998

Joseph Estrada
 13th President of the Philippines, 1998 – 2001

Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
 14th President of the Philippines, 2001 – 2010

Noynoy Cojuangco Aquino

 15th President of the Philippines, 2010 – 2016

Rodrigo Roa Duterte

 16th President of the Philippines, 2016 - present
Joseph Ejercito Estrada
Thirteenth President
Third President of Fifth Republic
1998-2001
“One hundred years after Kawit, fifty
years after independence, twelve years
after EDSA, and seven years after the
rejection of foreign bases, it is now the
turn of the masses to experience
liberation. We stand in the shadow of
those who fought to make us free- free
from foreign domination, free from
domestic tyranny, free from superpower
dictation, free from economic
backwardness.”

Biography
• Joseph Marcelo Ejercito, popularly known as Erap, was born on April 19, 1937 in
Tondo, the poorest district of Manila
• Ateneo de Manila University- high school;expeled because of unruly behavior
• Mapúa Institute of Technology; engineering course but dropped out from studies
altogether two years later.
• Began in Film at 20 years of age
• first FAMAS Hall of Fame awardee for Best Actor (1981)
• Hall of Fame award-winner as a producer (1983)
• entered politics in 1967 when he ran for mayor of San Juan, a municipality of
Metro Manila but proclaimed mayor in 1969, after winning an electoral protest
against Dr. Braulio Sto. Domingo.

Problems
 The Philippine Daily Inquirer; bias, malice and fabrication" against him
 The Manila Times; libel suit against the country's oldest newspaper the Manila
Times over a story that alleged corruption in the awarding of a public works
project
 BW Resources; BW Resources a small gaming company listed on the Philippine
Stock Exchange and linked to people close to Estrada experienced "a meteoric
rise"
 Corruption charges and impeachment; allegations of corruption spawned an
impeachment trial in the Senate, and in 2001 Estrada was ousted from power
after the trial was aborted.
 Maria Gloria Macapagal –
Arroyo
Fourteenth President
Fourth President of the Fifth
Republic
2001- 2010
“I believe in leadership by example. 
We should promote solid traits such
as work ethic and a dignified
lifestyle, matching action to rhetoric,
performing rather than
grandstanding.”
“I am sorry”

Biography
• Born on April 5, 1947; Daughter of former Pres. Diosdado Macapagal and Eva
Macaraeg
• Valedictorian, Elementary and Highschool at Assumption Convent, 1964
• Magna Cum Laude, BA Economics at Assumption College, 1968
• Consistent Dean’s List, Georgetown Univ.’s Walsh School of Foreighn Svc in
Washington D.C. (Former US Pres Bill Clinton as classmate)
• Professor of Economics 1977-1987
• Master’s Degree in Economics ADMU 1978
• Doctorate Degree in Economics UP 1985
• Chairperson of Economics Dep’t. at Assumption College
• 1987, Asst. Sec of DTI
• 2nd Female President

Problems
 “Hello Garci Tape”
 State of Emergency under Proclamation No. 1017
 Manila Peninsula Rebellion
 NBN ZTE Deal
 -32 Satisfaction rate as of 1st quarter of 2009, lowest rate among the presidents
 Impeachment complaints
 Extra-judicial killings
Benigno Cojuanco
Aquino III
Fifteenth President
Fourth President of the
Fifth Republic
2010-2016
“This was one of our family’s
lowest points. As the only son, I
felt an overwhelming urge to exact
an eye for an eye. Mr. Marcos and
his ilk were like rabid dogs who
had lost all reason. There was no
longer any potential for dialogue;
the only solution when confronted
by a rabid dog is to put it down.”

Biography

 He was born on February 8, 1960, in Sampaloc, Manila, in the family of Benigno

S. Aquino, Jr. and Corazon Cojuangco as their only son among five children. At
that time his father was the Vice Governor of the province of Tarlac and later
remained a Senator from 1967 to 1972. His mother became the 11th President of
the country from 1986 to 1992.

 He studied in Quezon City at the ‘Ateneo de Manila University’ starting from

primary education till college studies and earned a bachelor degree in Economics
in 1981. He is an ex-student of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo when the later was a
professor of economics at the university.

 His father was arrested on charges of subversion in September 1972 as he had

emerged as a noted leader of opposition of the government of President
Ferdinand Marcos. Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. faced a military tribunal in August
1973 at the ‘Fort Bonifacio’.

 In 1998 he was elected a member of the ‘House of Representatives’ from the 2nd
district of Tarlac province, a stint he continued for the next two terms also.
 From November 8, 2004 he served the House as the Deputy Speaker. However
he gave up the position in February 21, 2006 to join the ‘Liberal Party’ at a time
when the Hello Garci scandal alleging President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo of
rigging the 2004 national election in Garci’s favour escalated. The ‘Liberal Party’
demanded resignation of the President.

Problems

 Corona’s impeachment
 Pork Barrel Scam
 Drugs Problem
 Mamasapano Clash
 Unpreparedness on Supertyphoon Yolanda
  Quirino Massacare
 Manila Traffic

Rodrido Roa Duterte

Fifteenth President

Sixth President of the Fifth

Republic

2016- present

“My god, I hate drugs”

“I will kill you”

Biography

 Rodrigo Duterte was born on March 28, 1945, in Maasin, Philippines. His father,
Vicente G. Duterte, was a Cebuano lawyer. Later he became the acting mayor of
Danao and after that, the provincial governor of the then-undivided Davao
province.

 Rodrigo’s mother, Soledad Roa, was a school teacher and a civic leader.
Rodrigo was born second of his parents’ five children. His sister Eleanore was
the eldest of the lot while Jocelyn was the youngest. Between him and Jocelyn
are two brothers, Emmanuel or Blue Boy; and Benjamin or Bong.

 Rodrigo, lovingly called Digong, started his education at Laboon Elementary

School in Maasin. But within one year, the family shifted to Davao City, where he
was admitted to Santa Ana Elementary School, passing out from there in 1956.

 Rodrigo Roa Duterte began his career at Davao City bar. Subsequently in 1977,
he became Special Counsel at the City Prosecution Office, serving in the post
until 1979.

 From 1979 to 1981, he served as the Fourth Assistant City Prosecutor; from
1981 to 1983, as the Third Assistant City Prosecutor and from 1983 to 1986, as
the Second Assistant City Prosecutor.

 Meanwhile in 1983, People’s Power Revolution began which in 1986, overthrew

the dictatorial government of Ferdinand Marcos and restored democratic
institutions in the country. In the same year, Duterte was appointed as the
Officer-in-charge Vice Mayor for the City of Davao
  President Duterte began his term on 30 June 2016. As the President of
Philippines, he now resides in Manila, but visits Davao City every week.

Problems

 Extra-judicial killings

 South China Sea

 Worsening friendship with USA

 Media boycotting

 Health issues

 Traffic

 Issues with the Catholic Church involving human rights

Education

President Major work

Joseph Estrada He signed the ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 57

1998-2001 APPROVING AND DIRECTING THE IMPLEMENTATION

OF THE EDUCATIONAL REFORM ASSISTANCE
PACKAGE FOR MINDANAOAN MUSLIMS

a. Undergraduate Scholarship. local scholarship for

incoming college freshmen Muslims in Mindanao who
shall enroll in identified priority courses.

b. Post-Graduate Scholarship. local and foreign

scholarship for Muslim professionals in Mindanao who
shall pursue courses in identified priority courses.
Gloria Macapagal In support of the national effort to empower
Arroyo and prepare the youth for the Information Age, the
ed. venture program has already built 15 fully
2001-2010 equipped, Internet-connected and fully air-
conditioned computer laboratories in public
schools nationwide.

The President also has directed DepEd to

adopt measures that would reverse reported
declines in English literacy among Filipinos.
Benigno Aquino III   Aquino III on Wednesday, May 15,
signed the Enhanced Basic Education Act of
2010-2016
2013 into law, more commonly known as the K-
12 program. With the law passed, students will
now undergo "Kindergarten and 12 years of basic
education (six years of primary education, four
years of Junior High School, and two years of
Senior High School [SHS]), before heading into
higher education."

Rodrigo Duterte Duterte on Tuesday led the launch of

Technical Education and Skills Development
2016-present Authority’s (TESDA) 911TESDA Program aimed
at opening thousands of employment
opportunities to TESDA graduates. “I am
confident that this program will significantly
contribute to our efforts to provide livelihood
opportunities that will enable our people to make
a decent living and, in the process, empower
them to contribute to our overall growth as a
nation,” President Duterte said during the launch
of 911TESDA at the TESDA Complex in Taguig
City.

Health

President Major work

Joseph Estrada Estrada urged the residents to patronize

the health centers in their communities, which he
1998-2001 said are well-equipped and funded to provide free
primary health care services. He increased the
budget allocations of the city’s 59 community
health centers (CHCs) and 12 lying-in clinics. For
2017, the city council approved the additional
allocation of R360 million to the budgets of the 59
CHCs and 12 lying-in clinics, through the Manila
Health Department (MHD).
Gloria Macapagal President Arroyo launched the P3-billion
Arroyo universal health insurance coverage that would
provide either free or subsidized hospitalization
2001-2010 and other medical assistance to government and
private sector employees and indigent families.

Mrs. Arroyo provided the funding for the

program under Executive Order No. 276, which
she issued to finance the government-subsidized
 universal health insurance coverage of all
Filipinos.
Benigno Aquino III On June 19, 2013, President Aquino
signed RA 10606 (An Act Amending the
2010-2016 National Health Insurance Act of 1995), which
mandates the provision of comprehensive health
care services to all Filipinos, through a socialized
health insurance program that will prioritize the
health care needs of the underprivileged, sick,
elderly, persons with disabilities, women and
children; free health care services are provided to
indigents.
Rodrigo Duterte President Rodrigo Duterte on Wednesday
signed the Universal Health Care Act, a
2016-present measure that would provide health care coverage
for all Filipinos.

The measure ensures all Filipinos are

guaranteed equitable access to quality and
affordable health goods and services and
protection against financial risks. It automatically
enrolls all Filipinos to the National Health
Insurance Program (NHIP).

Agriculture

President Major work

Joseph Estrada His contributions to the agricultural sector

include the Carabao Law and Irrigation Law
1998-2001 which he authored as senator, as well as the
highest agricultural growth in 20 years when he
was president, a record 12% increase (from =6%
to +6.6%) in spite of the effects of the El Nino
crisis.

Gloria Macapagal Had the gross value added iin

Arroyo agriculture increased from 2.52 and 1.49 of the
two preceeding administrations to 3.41 in her
2001-2010 administration.

Production of yield and corn was also

observed to increase by 23 % from the
 preceeding admins. She also distributed high
quality hybrid seeds for the local farmers
nationwide that they will have better crops and
production.
Benigno Aquino III It was only during the PNoy Administration
– sixteen years after the enactment of AFMA –
2010-2016 that government finally allocated a budget for
small farmers and fisherfolk credit. Prior to the
PNoy Administration, the AMCFP was being
implemented on a very limited scale through loan
funds collected and consolidated by the
Agricultural Credit Policy Council (ACPC) from
previous agricultural credit programs that had
already been terminated.
Rodrigo Duterte Republic Act No. 11321 or the "Sagip
Saka Act," signed on April 17, 2019 by president
2016-present Rodrigo Roa Duterte, provides mechanisms for
the "Farmers and Fisherfolk Enterprise
Development Program."

The program promotes the establishment of

enterprises involving agricultural and fishery
products as well as partnerships and alliances
between farmers and fisherfolks, and the private
sector to improve market access.

Finance

President Major work

Joseph Estrada During the term of former President Joseph

Estrada, several laws and economic reforms
1998-2001 contributed to the financial aspect of Philippine
governance.

In particular, the New General Banking

Act (Republic Act No. 8791) was implemented
that opened up local banking to foreigners. With
this, at least 10 international banks have opened
in the country.
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo ordered Finance Secretary
Arroyo Margarito Teves to lead a team that will prepare
the country’s grant proposal. Mrs Arroyo also
2001-2010 ordered Teves to include in the MCC funding
proposal “support for the current initiatives to
improve governance and tax administration, and
for the pursuit of greater transparency and
accountability in the use of revenues." “I would
also like to see the proposal provide support on
improving health and education,"
Benigno Aquino III The Aquino administration commits to
maintaining the budget deficit at 2% of GDP,
2010-2016 which is equivalent to P283.7 billion. This will
allow the administration to continue pursuing
reforms to increase revenue collections without
burdening the people with additional debt. The
2015 Budget will be mainly financed by revenue
generation amounting to P2.337 trillion. This
revenue target represents a 15.8% increase over
the 2014 program, and is equivalent to a higher
16.5% of GDP
Rodrigo Duterte The government’s Pondo sa Pagbabago
at Pag-asenso (P3) program pilots this month in
2016-present Mindoro, Sarangani and Leyte, among the top 30
poorest provinces, to represent Luzon, Visayas
and Mindanao, the country’s trade chief said.

“The P3 is designed to bring down the

interest rate at which micro-finance is made
available to micro enterprises,” said Department
of Trade and Industry (DTI) Secretary Ramon
Lopez.

Environment

President Major work

Joseph Estrada Implemented the

1998-2001 EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 16

CREATING THE PRESIDENTIAL AIR QUALITY

COMMISSION

WHEREAS, pursuant to Article II, Sections

15 and 16 of the 1987 Constitution, it is the policy
of the State to protect the health of its citizens and
 ensure the well-being of its people;
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo urged the two chambers of Congress
Arroyo on Tuesday to swiftly enact legislative measures
addressing climate change while taking steps to
2001-2010 prevent flooding and landslides.

Arroyo also wanted Congress to speed up

the enactment of her government’s proposed
1.23 trillion pesos ($27.1 billion) budget for next
year, allowing her to spend on infrastructure
including schools, hospitals and transport
networks.
Benigno Aquino III The Aquino administration’s biggest
environmental program, the National Greening
2010-2016 Program (NGP), has been extended for another
12 years through an executive order. President
Benigno Aquino III signed EO No 193 on
November 12 creating the Expanded National
Greening Program, that aims to reforest “all
remaining unproductive, denuded, and degraded
forestlands” from 2016 to 2028, Malacanañang
announced in a statement on Thursday,
November 26.
Rodrigo Duterte
President Rodrigo Duterte has to make a
2016-present choice between mining as a revenue generator
and mining as a serious threat to people and the
environment. The government has suspended
the operations of dozens of large local and
multi-national mining companies for serious
reasons among which is non-compliance with
requirements to replant trees in mining sites
ravaged by unregulated and irresponsible mining.

Tourism

President Major work

 Joseph Estrada He signed the EXECUTIVE ORDER NO.
111: ESTABLISHING THE GUIDELINES FOR
1998-2001 ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE
PHILIPPINES

Whereas the NEDC shall have a National

Ecotourism Steering Committee (NESC) and
Regional Ecotourism Committees (REC) to
effectively implement the programs and activities
approved by the Council.
Gloria Macapagal PGMA signed the proposed National
Arroyo Tourism Policy Act of 2009 or Republic Act
9593, declaring a national policy for tourism as an
2001-2010 engine of Investment and employment, growth
and national development.

The proposed law is seen as a big boost to

Philippine tourism and the choice of Cebu as the
setting of the signing ceremony is deemed highly
appropriate.

Benigno Aquino III President Benigno S. Aquino III has signed

the law rationalizing the taxes paid by
2010-2016 international carriers in the country. This is a
welcome feat to the travel and tourism sector,
after the International Civil Aviation Authority
(ICAO) has lifted the significant safety concerns
which have constrained the expansion of the
airline industry. This reaffirms the Aquino
leadership’s commitment to the development of
tourism industry and to making tourism truly more
fun for airline investments
Rodrigo Duterte “To maintain its viability, since we banner it
as the crown jewel of our tourism, it is our moral
2016-present obligation to make it clean, hygiene (sic) and
safe,” he said. The President ordered the closure
of Boracay to tourists for six months, starting April
26. He eventually issued Executive Order No.
53, which created an interagency task force to
carry out the island’s “rehabilitation.” “We need to
clean it. We banner it, (and urge tourists) ‘Go to
Boracay’ and it’s full of shit,” he said.

Transportation

President Major work

 Joseph Estrada In 2000, the he had implemented PNR's
rehabilitation. He started his project on Line 2
1998-2001 from Recto Avenue to Santolan, Pasig.

There were concluded projects of Phase 1

MRT Line 3 along EDSA, the Skyway from
Bicutan to Buendia, Makati, and some
interchanges in C5. Construction of NAIA
Passenger Terminal 2 was finished. Initial
expansion of the Batangas port was also
finished.
Gloria Macapagal She implemented the Administrative
Arroyo Order no. 140 s. 2016 whereas implementing
the Sustainable Logistics Development
2001-2010 Program (SLDP) Road and Roll-on-Roll-Off
Ferry Network and Coastal Service developed
by the Development Bank of the Philippines in
pursuit of one of the 10 points of the legacy
agenda of the Arroyo administration, namely, to
link the entire country through a network of
transport and digital infrastructure.
Benigno Aquino III Philippine carriers were given the green
light to add flights and services to more points
2010-2016 in the US after the Philippines secured in April
an upgrade back to Category 1, more than six
years after it received a downgrade on air safety
issues.

Also, in April 2014, the European Union

lifted the ban on Cebu Pacific operator Cebu Air
Inc. and allowed the airline back in European
airspace.
Rodrigo Duterte Tagged as one of the world’s worst
airports, the Ninoy Aquino International
2016-present Airport (NAIA) conquered its issues to be
awarded as one of the most improved airports
in the world in less than two years. Additionally,
NAIA was ranked as the 7th fastest Asia Pacific
airport to exit.

  Commuters now enjoy the comfort of

riding Point-to-Point (P2P) buses, as premium
P2Ps now have 37 routes, compared to only two
routes in 2015.

Labor and Employment

 President Major work

Joseph Estrada Estrada admin secured jobs for 300,000

Filipinos. Over 300,000 Filipinos have bagged
1998-2001 jobs here and abroad during the early months of
the Estrada presidency under the government’s
intensified drive to find work for new job seekers
as well as for laborers dislocated by either the 18-
month Asian contagion or the El Niño
phenomenon.

More Filipinos are expected to find jobs

this year with the help of the government.
Gloria Macapagal She signed the EXECUTIVE ORDER NO.
Arroyo 783: PROVIDING FOR EMPLOYMENT
INTERVENTIONS TO SAVE AND CREATE
2001-2010 JOBS AS PART OF THE ECONOMIC
RESILIENCY PLAN

“All members of the Cabinet are hereby instructed

to draw up and prepare emergency work
programs and doable and fundable livelihood
projects.”

Benigno Aquino III A comparative study of employment rates

showed that 6.657 million Filipinos have been
2010-2016 employed from 2010 to 2016, or 21-percent rise
from 4.72 million during the 2005 to 2010 period.

Also, the Department of Labor and

employment (DOLE) study showed PhilJobNet,
the Philippine government's official job portal,
posted 5.8 million job vacancies since Aquino
assumed office in 2010, a far cry from the 1.4
million from the 2005 to 2010 period.
Rodrigo Duterte President Rodrigo Duterte’s issuance of an
executive order protecting the right of the workers
2016-present to security of tenure has resulted in the
regularization of over 411,000 contractual
employees, the Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE) said on Thursday.

“True to his word, our President succeeded

in the regularization of almost 500,000
contractuals. This is unprecedented,” DOLE
Secretary Silvestre Bello III said in a Palace press
briefing.

Science and Technology

 President Major work

Joseph Estrada He signed the EXECUTIVE ORDER NO.

14: ESTABLISHING THE PRESIDENTIAL
1998-2001 COMMISSION ON YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE

“The State shall regulate the transfer and

promote the adaptation of technology from all
sources for the national benefit. It shall encourage
the widest participation of private groups, local
governments and community-based organizations
in the generalization and utilization of science and
technology”
Gloria Macapagal In support of the national effort to empower
Arroyo and prepare the youth for the Information Age, the
ed. venture program has already built 15 fully
2001-2010 equipped, Internet-connected and fully air-
conditioned computer laboratories in public
schools nationwide.

Computer laboratories on schools have

been observed to be improved on her
administration in terms of facility quality.

Benigno Aquino III President Aquino signed the Republic Act

10844 creating the Department of Information and
2010-2016 Communications Technology (DICT), answering a
clamor for a government agency that is focused
on ICT matters, including Internet speed and
online or electronic-related crimes.

The DICT will also work with the Department

of Education (DepEd), the Commission on Higher
Education (CHED)

Rodrigo Duterte Science and technology in the country

scored another milestone with the signing of the
2016-present Balik Scientist law by President Rodrigo Roa A.
Duterte on 15 June 2018. Republic Act No.
11035, also known as an “Act Institutionalizing the
Balik Scientist Program,” would give more
incentives to returning Filipino experts, scientists,
inventors, and engineers who would share their
expertise in the country.

Justice
 President Major work

Joseph Estrada Estrada appointed Hilario G. Davide as the

new chief Justice of the Supreme Court for his
1998-2001 term as the president.

Aside from this, Estrada haven’t done any

contribution or accomplishment including the
improvement justice system and the judiciary of
the Philippines.

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo appointed:

Arroyo  Artemio Panganiban
 Reynato Puno
2001-2010  Renato C. Corona
As chief justices on her term as the president.

Aside from this Arroyo haven’t done any

contribution or accomplishment including the
improvement justice system and the judiciary of
the Philippines.
Benigno Aquino III President Benigno Aquino III on Wednesday
said fixing the justice system is more
2010-2016 important than the imposition of the death
penalty.

Aquino said the government would have to

“thoroughly study the proposal” of the revival of
the death penalty despite concerns on the rash of
crimes in the country.

Rodrigo Duterte A Philippines senator and staunch critic of

President Rodrigo Duterte 's war on drugs(Leila
2016-present De Lima) has been arrested by law enforcement
agents after charges were filed in court alleging
that she received money from drug dealers inside
the country's prisons.

Let us be reminded that De Lima was a

former chief justicr before she was elected as a
sentor way back in 2016.