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Experiment 2: EVALUATION OF ILLUMINATION OF DIFFERENT LOCATIONS

Luis Dominic F. Concepcion, James E. Guevara, Rucel Anne C. Martinez, Erik Olorosisimo, John Christopher R. Soriano,
Jonathan Lester C. Tugade
University of Santo Tomas, España, Manila, Philippines

I. BASIC INTRODUCTION B. Tape Measure or Electric Meter tape

Minimum illuminance is dependent to the purpose of
the area. Light Level or Illuminance is the amount of light
measured in a plane surface. The work plane is where the most
vital tasks in the room or space are performed (National Optical
Astronomy observatory, n.d.). Good lighting design is focused
on providing both the quality and of light needed for the task.
There are a lot of similarities between the lighting design of
offices and lighting design of laboratories. One important
difference is that the work surfaces of inside laboratories are
usually in several heights. Necessarily, a balance between
horizontal work surface and the brightness of other surfaces and
distant in the field of view is needed for a good visual acuity. Fig. 2 Electric Meter tape
Different types of task present on laboratories usually have
different lighting requirements. According to i2sl.org (n.d.), A tape measure is a portable measurement device used to
Separating task and ambient lighting allows for greater user quantify the size of an object or the distance between objects.
flexibility and energy efficiency. The lighting inside
laboratories effects the comfort of the worker, health and C. Pen and Paper
performance, lastly, the energy efficiency.

II. OBJECTIVES
1. To measure the illumination of a specified location.
2. To identify whether certain locations does or does not
comply with the minimum required illumination.
3. To determine the factors affecting the illumination of a
certain area.
4. To distinguish the illumination of a location during
daytime and night time.
5. To improve the current lighting system of the location.
III. MATERIALS USED
A. Lux Meter
Fig. 1 Lux Meter
Lux meters are used for measuring brightness in lux,
fc or cd/m². Some lux meters are equipped with an internal
memory or data logger to record and save measurements. The
measurement of light intensity with a lux meter is becoming
increasingly important in the workplace due to safety concerns.
Fig. 3 Pen and Paper
Pen and paper were used for data recording during the
experiment.
IV. SUMMARY OF PROCEDURES
On this experiment, the students are to record the
luminance and the dimensions of Electronics Lab B to make its
floor plan and illumination design then propose a new and
improved illumination design. The materials that were used to
make the floor plan and illumination design are push-pull tape,
laser distance meter, lux meter, and DIALux app. The room is
marked with points starting in the middle of the room that is one
meter apart to act as guide points to record its luminance using
the push-pull tape and measured its dimensions using the laser
distance meter for the floor plan. The luminance of Electronics
Lab B is recorded during the daytime, when the sun is
illuminating the room, and during the nighttime using the
luminaires of the room to replicate the illumination design using
DIALux. Both working plane and floor plane illumination are
recorded for the both set up. The table from the said laboratory
where student do their experiment set as the working plane with
a height of 90.5 cm from the ground. From the Manual of
Practice on Efficient Lighting, the minimum standard of
luminance is 300 lux and the maximum 750 lux. This will serve
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for the proposed illumination design for the Electronics Lab B in the laboratory will have nice source of brightness for their
to see that it complies the standard luminance. clear vision. But for the technician side, the lights are somehow
blocked by the objects that can pass through so that the
Assigned locations: ECE Laboratory B technician area has a bright working area.

Daytime: February 08, 2020 (8:35-8:49 am)

(a.)

(b.) Table. 1 Daytime record of the Group

Fig. 4 (a.) Morning Setup Platform View (b.) Morning Setup
Door View

(a.)

Table. 2 Daytime record from Batch 2019

For daytime, it can be seen that the two illumination

result is different from each other. One factor is that the sun
activity or position. From the previous batch, they started the
experiment along 1 P.M where most rays coming from the sun
(b.) enters the room which gives them a high values. For our group,
Fig. 5 (a.) Evening Setup Room 3 View (b.) Evening Setup since we started early in the morning at 8 A.M, less rays from
Technician’s View the sun is entering the room that gives a much lower natural
illumination for the laboratory.
V. DATA AND RESULTS
This will show the illumination values obtained by the students Night Time: February 09, 2020 (5:45-6:46 PM)
in the ECE laboratory B for the daytime and night time for each
specific locations.

In the Electronics Lab B, the students measured the

illumination of the lab for the day time and night time. At day
time, the sun rays are just lighting up the area which is near the
window and that are column 6 to column 8. And at night time,
the row 3 to row 6 has a bright and clear view for a working
area. Students who are making experiments and having classes
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Table. 3 Night time record of the Group

Average Rating Illuminance of Working Plane (Night time)

11058
𝐴𝑣𝑒 =
81
𝐴𝑣𝑒 = 136.5185185
All points measured in the lab, both floor plane and
working plane, did not meet the minimum lighting level
suggested of 300-750 lux.

Table. 4 Night time record of Batch 2019
VI. CONCLUSION
The students measured the illumination of the
Electronic Lab B at day time and night time. And as shown in
the data, the laboratory doesn't comply with the minimum
required illumination because the illumination in the lab is just
in the range of 0-200 but the required minimum is at 300. The
laboratory has a high working area which is good for the
students but it can also block some path for the light to pass
through. Also in the technician's area, there is so low
illumination in that area for the technician to work with some
circuits and some stuff. It should have much illumination for
the technician to work with.

VII. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Floor Plan of ECE Laboratory B:

For night time, there is a small difference between the

two. The data from our group shows that the illumination is
much lower. We asked the laboratory technician if the light is
replaced since last year and he said no. Factors that affect this
differences is the light. As time pass by, illumination of the light
depreciate because of the dirt and dust that stick into its surface.
Also, it produces less light when it’s near in the end of its life.
Another factor of acquiring low illumination is the arrangement
of the computers and other things inside the lab that blocks the
illumination in the floor and working plane.

AVERAGE RATING ILLUMINATION FORMULA:

Fig. 6 ECE Laboratory B
∑ 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠
𝐴𝑣𝑒 =
# 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠
Average Rating Illuminance of Floor Plane (Daytime)
113
𝐴𝑣𝑒 =
81
𝐴𝑣𝑒 = 1.395061728
Average Rating Illuminance of Working Plane (Daytime)
331
𝐴𝑣𝑒 =
81
𝐴𝑣𝑒 = 4.086419753 (a.)

Average Rating Illuminance of Floor Plane (Night time)

5763
𝐴𝑣𝑒 =
81
𝐴𝑣𝑒 = 71.14814815
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headaches, fatigue, medically defined stress, anxiety, and

decreases in sexual function.
2. Safety and Welfare – We rate is as OK because more
higher illuminance level is needed to regulate our internal
body clock and stay energized.
3. Global – We rate it as Not Satisfied because the ECE Lab
B did not reach the standard level of illuminance required
in laboratories set by Department of Energy with 300-750
lux level.
(b.) 4. Cultural – We rate it as Not Satisfied because greater light
Fig. 7 Dialux Representation of ECE Laboratory B (a.) is needed to help maintain the circadian rhythm of our body
Platform View (b. ) Door View and it helps us concentrate and because we Filipinos are
Existing Illumination Layout: excited in seeing more lights.
5. Social – We put OK on Social because of the survey we
made to the students of the Electronics Engineering
Department regarding their thoughts of the Electronics
Laboratory B. Here are some of the answers made by the
ECE Students, Lab Technicians and Professors

Does the What are your

Illumination suggestions
of ECE Lab to improve the
NAME RATING B affect illumination of
your mood ECE Lab B?
when
studying or
listening to
your
professor?
How?
Mrs. OK Somehow, Use LED with
Mary especially for high power
Figs. 8 Existing Illumination Layout of ECE Laboratory B Grace late class wattage for better
Ann schedule or illumination
VIII. QUALITY CHECK OF THE ECE LABORATORY Bautista
B evening class
QUALITY NOT OK SATISFIED Kuya OK Sometimes Additional LED
CHECK SATISFIED Jhune lamps
PUBLIC HEALTH
Kuya OK No. Replace the lights
SAFETY JayR fluorescent to
LED.
WELFARE
Kirby OK Yes, at times I Replace the
GLOBAL Lyle get sleepy bulbs with newer
Salonga since the but eco-friendly
CULTURAL
lights are dim bulbs
SOCIAL
Cayl Satisfied Not at all None
Cedric
ENVIRONMENTAL
Ronquillo
ECONOMIC
FACTORS
1. Public Health – We put Not Satisfied on Public Health
because the Under illumination of the ECE Laboratory B
that has been linked to various negative health effects.
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Paula Satisfied Yes. Since we I think the Brian Satisfied Yes Change the bulbs
Jane conduct our illumination of Demotica every 2 years
Gonzales classes both in the room during
the afternoon the evenings can Kit Lasala Satisfied Yes. A well lit None. It’s Good
and evening in still be improve. room prevents
this room, I Addition of me from
can tell there's warm lights may sleeping
a difference in help in giving a during class.
the mood more soothing
between these atmosphere for
schedules. I the students. 6. Environmental Factors – We put Not Satisfied on
think we feel Environmental Factors because ECE Lab B uses
more fluorescent that has Mercury that releases both dust and
comfortable vapor if the light is broken. This metal is dangerous to
during the people and animals and easily migrates through air, water
afternoon and soil.
session
because the 7. Economic Factors – We consider it Satisfied because the
lights in the existing lights have higher cost with less illuminance level
room is not while the proposed has lesser cost with higher illuminance
too bright. level.
The warm
sunlight from IX. RECOMMENDATION

the windows The students suggest that the working area should
is still present have a clear path for the light to pass through. The CPUs should
and blends be placed below the working area so that the students are
well with the comfortable on doing their stuff on the working area. The
unused CPUs or the unused units should be stored and placed
bright light in
away from the working area. It also blocks the path of light to
the room
pass through. Lastly, the lights should've been replaced with
Jerico Very Yes, because None higher wattage or better technology like LEDs and such so that
Cacas it affects the the illumination of the laboratory will increase.
Satified
student's
Student Outcomes 2 Consideration for Proposed Design:
productivity
STUDENT LOW MEDIUM HIGH
in terms of OUTCOMES 2
how they will
PUBLIC HEALTH
see the
lectures of the SAFETY
professor and
how attentive WELFARE
they will be.
GLOBAL
John Jeru OK No Change the
Pajarillo current lighting CULTURAL
"system" in the
laboratory by SOCIAL
replacing the ENVIRONMENTAL
bulbs/fluorescent
lamps that ECONOMIC
produces higher FACTORS
light intensity to
illuminate the lab Table. 5 SO2 Consideration for Proposed Design
more, to make it
more conducive 8. Safety – We put High on safety because the student’s
for studying. eyesight is not safe if the proposed lighting will make the
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laboratory dark and it is not safe for everyone working with working areas. She said that the lighting design would help in
components who have a dark working area. preventing of having poor eyesight. This also prevents
9. Welfare – We put High on welfare because student’s squinting. Correct lighting is essential especially when
should be happy learning new things while doing their working at night. If the design is overly designed, too much
experiments and after the experiments. How can they light can cause eye strain. Also, she said that the eye should
properly do their experiments if the area is dark? It should not adjust to what it is looking at.
have a good lighting plan and bright working area.
10. Economic Factors – We consider it Medium because we
replaced every CFLs to LEDs that are much cheaper in the
long run and made the lamps fewer and some of them are
replaced by fixed downlight lights.
11. Environmental Factors – We put High on Environmental
Factors because we changed every lamp or lights that are
used in the ECE LAB B with new technology and that is
LED.
12. Public Health – We put High on Public Health because the
student’s eyesight is well being considered in the proposed
lighting plan and lighting does affect students’ mental Figs. 10 False Coloring and Number Value Chart for Room 1
of the Proposed Design (Floor Plane)
activity like they can be sleepy and distracted if the lights
or the brightness in the ECE LAB B isn’t sufficient for
them to learn and do experiments with.
13. Global – We put High on Global because the design or the
proposed lighting plan is abiding with the standards
globally and the University of Santo Tomas..
14. Cultural – We consider it Medium because the Filipino
trait wants a bright area like we are doing during new year’s
eve that fireworks or the lighting up of all the lights inside
our houses.
15. Social – We put High on Social because the laboratory is
used so that the students learn from their professors and
that will be attained if there will be a student-professor Figs. 11 False Coloring and Number Value Chart for Room 2
relationship. Also, the experiments are not just being done of the Proposed Design (Floor Plane)
alone, it is a group effort that’s why there is also a student-
student relationship. These can be attained if they can see
each other clearly and the solution or answer for it is a
bright and lively area with lights.

Proposed Illumination Layout:

Figs. 9 Proposed Illumination Layout of ECE Laboratory B

According to Dra. Josefa R. Nunez, Doctor of
Optometry, the design presented by the group is good. This is
because the light focuses in the most needed areas which is the
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Figs. 12 False Coloring and Number Value Chart for Room 3 realized that inventing device as done in the laboratory and
of the Proposed Design (Floor Plane) knowing its function and purpose gives people a sense of sight
that makes them more aware of their surroundings.

XI. REFERENCES

[1]
(n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.pce-
instruments.com/english/measuring-instruments/test-
meters/lux-meter-kat_40074.htm
[2]
U.S. Department of Energy. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.i2sl.org/documents/toolkit/bp_lighting_
508.pdf
[3]
National Optical Astronomy Observatory. (n.d.). Retrieved
Figs. 13 False Coloring and Number Value Chart for Room 1 from
of the Proposed Design (Working Plane) https://www.noao.edu/education/QLTkit/ACTIVITY
_Documents/Safety/LightLevels_outdoor+indoor.pdf

Figs. 14 False Coloring and Number Value Chart for Room 2

of the Proposed Design (Working Plane)

Figs. 15 False Coloring and Number Value Chart for Room 3

of the Proposed Design (Working Plane)

X. FINAL STATEMENT
“THE EYE IS THE LAMP of the body. So, if your eye is
healthy, your whole body will be full of light, but if your eye
is bad, your whole body will be full of darkness. If then the
light in you is darkness, how great is the darkness.”

For us to be aware that light exist we must have a

sense of sight. In our experiment in the ECE Lab B the group