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IAS Mains Geology Papers 1998

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IAS Mains Geology 1998

Paper I
Section A
1. Explain any three of the following in about 200 words each:

a. Geomagnetic reversals

b. American and European views on geosynclines

c. Boudinage and its significance

d. Lagoons as coral gardens-Justify.

2. What are folds? Explain the mechanism of folding and distinguish between Recumbent
and Reclined folds.

3. Write brief notes on the following:

a. Moraines

b. Axial plane cleavages

c. Canyons and Gorges

d. Pacific volcanic belt

e. Slump

4. Are volcanoes and earthquakes related to each other? Explain the various causes and
effects of earthquakes.

Section B
1. Answer any three of the following in about 200 words each:

a. Products Limestone Series of Salt Range

b. Stratigraphic importance of Umia Series of Kutch

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c. A brief review of rise of Himalayas

d. Semri Series of Lower Vindhyans

2. What is marine transgression? Discuss the Cretaceous rocks of Trichinapalli with special
reference to their fossil contents.

3. Describe the morphology of Echinoids. Mention their classification and add a note on
their distribution.

4. Write explanatory notes on the following:

a. Palaeogeographic reconstructions

b. Banded Gneissic Complex

c. Modes of fossil preservation

Paper II
Section A
1. Write notes on any three of the following in about 200 words each:

a. Laue diffraction pattern

b. Charnockite

c. Optic-orientation in crystals

d. Co-ordination number

2. Taking plagioclase feldspars as an example, illustrate the phenomenon of solid solution.

3. What are Interference Figures? Describe them.

4. Briefly describe textures found in Igneous Rocks.

Section B
1. Write notes on any three of the following in about 200 words each:

a. Placer deposits

b. Gangue minerals

c. Strategic minerals

d. Groundwater recharge

2. Give an account of the mica deposits of India.

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3. Explain the use of aerial photos in geological investigations.

4. Give an account of the oil-fields of India.

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