FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL

ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

LIGHT STRUCTURE LABORATORY

OPEN ENDED LABORATORY

INSTRUCTIONS

GEOTECHNICS AND STRUCTURE

LABORATORY
(BFC 31901)

Prepared by:
DEPARTMENT OF STRUCTURAL
FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
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Department : Edition 1.0
Department of Civil Engineering Checking No
Title : Effective Date Sept./2019
Definition of Open-Ended Amendment Date
OPEN-ENDED LABORATORY IMPLEMENTATION IN FKAAS

1. Lab with clear objectives that relates to real case / problem in engineering.
2. Lab that stimulates critical thinking towards complex engineering problem.
3. Do not provide step by step lab procedures. Lab must allow students to think deeper and
find own solution in a group / team.
4. Questions must motivate student towards high order thinking.
5. Questions must not have “yes” or “no” answer.
6. Questions must require explanation that relates to fundamental engineering knowledge.
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GENERAL INSTRUCTION Amendment Date
GENERAL INSTRUCTION:

In this lab sheet, it has ONE (1) open ended laboratory instructions to be performed. Students
must plan and organize for solutions by integrating the fundamental knowledge of Structural
Analysis and technical skill with appropriate laboratory testing equipment and methodology to
fulfill the requirement of each open ended instruction. Students must consult/present and get
approval against the equipment operational procedure, type of data collection and analyses from
lecturer and laboratory assistant based on respective laboratory proposal or solution before
conducting any testing. Students are reminded to emphasize safety and good ethic when
handling the equipment and other facilities in Light Structural Laboratory. All findings must be
verified, prepared and fulfilled the requirement of technical report criteria and others from
respective laboratory instructions.

START

Week 1: OPEN ENDED LABORATORY BRIEFING

AND EQUIPMENT INTRODUCTORY (BY
LECTURER)
TESTING VARIABLES/ PARAMETERS AND
TYPE OF ANALYSES
(CONSULT WITH LECTURER)

PLAN AND ORGANIZE METHOD OF TESTING AND ANALYSIS

(BY STUDENTS)
Week 1&2: Proposal Preparation
EQUIPMENT AND TESTING PROCEDURE
(CONSULT WITH LABORATORY
ASSISTANT)

Week 3: PROPOSAL DISCUSSIONS/ PRESENTATION FOR

NO
APPROVAL BY LECTURER

YES

PERFORM LABORATORIES AND

DATA ACQUISITION
Week 4: Laboratory 1

Week 7: PREPARATION OF
TECHNICAL REPORT

Week 8: SUBMISSION

END

FLOWCHART OF OPEN ENDED LABORATORY

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Influence line of statically determinate
structure Amendment Date
Introduction
This Structure open ended laboratory is designed to construct an integrated laboratory exercises
on beam element subjected to shear force and moment influence lines.

LABORATORY 1:
Identification of influence line of statically determinate structure

Objectives
The main objectives of this laboratory are as follows:
i. To investigate the existence of internal shear force and moment influence line
developed in beam based on external loading applied.
ii. To determine the reaction force of influence line developed at the support of beam.

Background of Simply Supported Bridge Beam

Figure 1.1 shows the illustration of lorry moving over a simply supported bridge beam. An
influence line represents the variation of the shear, moment and reaction of a structural element
at a single point when the applied load moves along the bridge spans.

Figure 1.1: Lorry and bridge

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Title : Effective Date Sept./2019
Influence line of statically determinate
structure Amendment Date

Instruction to Conduct Laboratory 1:

You are required to evaluate the application of static load of applied on a simply supported beam under
a few considerations of lifting masses at specific distances. By utilizing two (2) main apparatus provided
in Light Structure Laboratory (see Appendix A) investigate the relationships of external load and beam
lengths variables against:

a. development of internal forces of shear forces influence lines along the beam
b. development of internal forces of moment influence lines along the beam

Idealized model and free body diagram with respect to a specific dimension, cross section, lifting masses
and distances etc. are important to provide a clear overview to an experimented structural system. The
expected outcomes from the above objectives can be solved mathematically of based on the concepts of
statically determinate beam, static equilibriums, stresses and deflection of beam which may assist in
verifying the findings obtained from the laboratories.

NOTE: Discuss with your lecturer about the number of (1)masses to be applied and (2)
distances of the
applied mass and (3)related theoretical/ method/ equations to be used.
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PROPOSAL PRESENTATION Amendment Date
LABORATORY PROPOSAL (for every laboratory):

For each laboratory proposal must be presented using ppt. slides. 15 minutes is given for three laboratory
instruction presentations. The presentation must be short but comprehensive. The following components must be
prepared and presented:

INTRODUCTION
 General background
 Goal and Objective
 Laboratory Scope
 specific theory/ fundamental concept used
 configuration of the specimen
 type of testing (compression/tensile/ bending/ deflection)
 standard code of practice
 type of instrumentation
 others which are relevance to your scope of work
 Significance of laboratory

LITERATURE REVIEWS
 Theory/ History/ Concept
 Related review from similar studies

METHODOLOGY
 Flowchart/ Framework
 Related Captions/ clarification/ explanation in form of
 Figure/ table
 Procedure/ protocol
 Equation/ theories-derivation
 Standard code of practice
 Assumptions used

RESULTS, DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS

 Result:
 Idealized model/ Free body diagram/ Label (on figure/ table)
 Static equilibrium equation/ Mathematical procedure
 Discussion from:
 From the computational outcomes
 From the illustrations
 With any related references

CONCLUSIONS
 Agreed to the objectives

REFERENCES and FORMATING

 Sufficient references
 Orderly
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TECHNICAL REPORT FORMAT Amendment Date

TECHNICAL REPORT FORMAT (for every laboratory):

COVER PAGE
Attach GREEN OPEN ENDED LABORATORY RUBRIC COVER PAGE for every laboratory
performed (see Appendix B)

For each laboratory report, the following contents must be prepared:

1. TABLE OF CONTENTS

2. ABSTRACT (in 300 words maximum)

Brief explanation about your testing in overall which consists of:
i. Introduction
ii. Objective of you study
iii. Laboratory scope (specimens and methodology etc.)
iv. Results and discussions
v. Conclusion

3. CHAPTER 1 (Introduction)

a. General
Laboratory background

b. Goal and objectives

You may create to maximum four (4) objectives, but all results and discussions must be presented
and concluded for each objective.

c. Laboratory scope
The discussions could be emphasized on:
i. configurations of the specimen such as material types, no. of specimen, dimensions, cross
section and etc.
ii. instrumentation and testing specifications
iii. standard code of practice involved
iv. type of testing (compression/tensile/ bending/ deflection)
v. specific theory/ fundamental concept used
vi. others that relevance to your scope of work.

d. Significance of laboratory testing

What have been archived or being appreciated from this laboratory towards knowledge, technical
skills or soft skills that could be discussed, for instance in the following area:
i. fundamental/ Experimental knowledge Structural Analysis.
ii. enhancing student learning domains and generic skill.
iii. data contribution to extend the study.
iv. contribution to industries, construction field, university, community etc.
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TECHNICAL REPORT FORMAT Amendment Date

4. CHAPTER 2 (Literature Reviews)

Discussions must be carried out to any references related to laboratory performed.

a. Published materials such as book, journal, standard code of practice, conference, manual, technical
magazine, catalogue etc.
b. Un-published material published by authorized website.

5. CHAPTER 3 (Methodology)

a. Provide study flow chart from the beginning to the end of your laboratory.
b. Clarify each steps/ phases/ stages used. Explanation must be given to every chart, figure, table,
equations etc.
c. Provide related standard code of practices, theories, derivations etc. if available or related.

6. CHAPTER 4 (Results, Data Analysis and Discussions)

Your findings must be reported and discussed and supported by related type of chart, figure, table,
equations and etc. The following criteria must be emphasized in this chapter:
a. Sample of calculations must be indicated clearly
b. Provide citation from any reliable references to strengthen your findings and discussions

7. CONCLUSIONS

Provide conclusive conclusion which agreed to the objectives

8. REFERENCES

Refer to UTHM Thesis Guideline for citation and other related format (spacing, numbering, captions,
references and etc.)

YOU MUST AWARE TO PROVIDE?

a. All laboratory reports must be compiled together. Distinguish each report by GREEN OPEN ENDED
LABORATORY RUBRIC COVER PAGE separator.
b. Font type: Times New Roman, font size: 12 with 1.5 spacing
c. Comb ring binding.

.
SHEAR FORCE INFLUENCE LINES APPARATUS

MOMENT INFLUENCE LINES APARATUS

 APPENDIX B
(green cover page) LABORATORY REPORT(CLO 1 - PLO4, C2) OPEN ENDED LABORATORY
LABORATORY TOPIC : ________________________________________________ GEOTHECHIC AND STRUCTURE LABORATORY

GROUP MEMBERS: MATRIC NO. DEPARTMENT CIVIL ENGINEERING

1. ______________________________________________ ________________ FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
2. _______________________________________________ _______________
3. _______________________________________________ _______________
4. _______________________________________________ _______________
5. _______________________________________________ _______________ SECTION: _____________
LABORATORY REPORT RUBRIC (CLO 1 - PLO4, C2) CLO 1 – Converted to 30 Marks-
Criteria Mark W Marks
1= Very Poor 2=Poor 3=Moderate 4=Good 5= Very Good
Scale
The fundamental theory of
Fundamental Theory The fundamental theory of lab
The fundamental theory of The fundamental theory of lab The fundamental theory of lab lab topic are presented and
[20] topic are presented and
- Introduction
lab topic are not presented topic are partially presented topic are partially presented
discussed accordingly,
discussed that relates to 4.0 /20
and discussed and poorly discussed and moderately discussed real case, references
- Literature review references provided
provided
Methodology are described
Methodology are moderately
Methodology are not correctly Methodology are described with proper experimental &
Methodology Methodology are not described without proper
[20] described
described, wrong
experimental and analysis
with proper experimental & analysis procedure 4.0 /20
experimental procedure analysis procedure according to specific
procedure
standard
Result, Data Analysis &
Discussions
[40] Very good in data analysis
Many mistakes in data Good in data analysis with
Including elements: Incorrect data analysis Some mistakes in data analysis with strong justifications
- Scientific Terminology & without discussions
analysis with poor
with moderate justifications
reliable justifications for
for complex engineering 8.0 /40
justifications complex engineering problem
Accuracy problem
- References, citations
and formatting
The conclusions are well
The conclusions are moderately The conclusions are reflected
Conclusions The conclusions are not written and reflected to all
[10]
No conclusions
reflected to objective
written, some points are to objective and provide
objectives, provide overall 2.0 /10
reflected to objective overall summary
summary
Having tremendous value
Weak OEL design and The OEL design and
Very little achievement on the in OEL design and
OEL achievement organization and with organization is moderately The design of OEL is well
OEL design and organization organization, and perfectly
[10] agreement made against the
towards the outcomes of the
achievement but closely in-line organized and in-line to the
achieved all criteria to 2.0 /10
whole achievement of to the need on the achievement requirement of the laboratory
laboratory fulfill the main aim of
laboratory of laboratory
laboratory

/100
PROPOSSAL PRESENTATION (CLO3-PLO5, A2) &
LABORATORYEQUIPMENT HANDLING (CLO2-PLO2, P4)
GROUP MEMBERS:
1. ______________________________
2. ______________________________
3. ______________________________
4. ______________________________
Criteria 1= Very Poor
Unable to show the
teamwork spirit (no
Teamwork [35]
participation) in group
during lab work
Unable to show awareness
Safety [35]
on safety during lab work
Very poor attitude and not
Discipline [20] wearing suitable attire
during lab work
Attendance
(Individual Marks) [10]
Total week Attended:
5. ______________________________
Criteria 1= Very Poor
Demonstrate leadership Unable to show the
skills [20] leadership skills, there is no
task (lab work) distribution
Unable to apply the basic
Skill of Work
[20]
technical skill using
laboratory tools
Unable to deliver creativity
Innovative in Delivering
Idea [40]
in solving basic and
complex problem
Unable to perform accurate
Accuracy [20] calculation and
measurement
OPEN ENDED
GEOTECHNIC AND STRUCTURE LABORATORY
MATRIC NO. ATTENDANCE MARK DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
/10
___________ FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
/10
___________
/10
___________
___________ /10
/10 CLO 3
PROPOSAL PRESENTATION ( CLO 3 - PLO5, A2)
-Converted to 10 Marks-
2=Poor 3=Moderate 4=Good 5= Very Good Mark Scale W Marks
Very good commitment and
Good participation in group
Less participation in group Moderate participation in participation as well as
during lab work group during lab work
during lab work, shows the
helpful in group during lab 7.0 /35
commitment
work
Ability to show very good
Ability to show good awareness on safety during
Less awareness on safety Moderate awareness on safety
during lab work during lab work
awareness on safety during lab work, always remind 7.0 /35
lab work other group members on
safety
Very good attitude and
Poor attitude and not wearing Moderate attitude but wearing Good attitude and wearing wearing suitable attire
suitable attire during lab work suitable attire during lab work suitable attire during lab work during lab work, always 4.0 /20
shows high motivation
X Total week per semester: Y X/Y * 10M /10
/100
___________ SECTION: _____________
CLO 2
EQUIPMENT HANDLING (CLO 2 - PLO2, P4)
-Converted to 10 Marks-
2=Poor 3=Moderate 4=Good 5= Very Good Mark Scale W Marks
Ability to show very good
Less leaderships skills, there Moderate leaderships skills, Ability to show good
leaderships skills with
is no task (lab work) but students are able to leaderships skills with good
structured task (lab work) 4.0 /20
distribution distribute their task (lab work) task (lab work) distribution
distribution
Ability to show very good
Moderate technical skill using
Less technical skill using Ability to show good technical technical skill and
laboratory tools
laboratory tools, but still
skill using laboratory tools competency using 4.0 /20
acceptable
laboratory tools
Able to deliver creativity in Able to deliver good ideas and Able to deliver original
Able to deliver creativity in
solving basic problem
solving complex problem creativity in solving complex ideas and creativity in 8.0 /40
moderately problem solving complex problem
Able to perform very good
Able to perform calculation Able to perform moderate Able to perform good
calculation procedure and
and measurement, but not calculation and measurement, calculation and measurement,
measurement, very high 4.0 /20
accurate the accuracy is acceptable complete and accurate
accuracy
/100