Morphology

Morphology is the study of language itself, such as studying the formation of words /

morphemes and also variations in the combination of words / morphemes in a language.

Morphology itself is divided into two types namely free and bound. How is the difference let's

look.

Types of Morphology

free morphemes (Free)

Free morphemes are morphemes that can stand alone into words without having to be bound /

attached to other morphemes. Free morphemes have several basic types, namely verbs, nouns,

adjectives, prepositions, and others. Example: study (verb), man (noun), kind (adj), on (prep).

Free morphemes are divided into 2, namely lexical morphemes (open-class) and functional

morphemes (closed-class).

Lexical morphemes are morphemes that can stand alone and that can convey the contents of

the message we convey, divided into 3, namely verbs, nouns and adjectives.

Example: read (verb), baby (noun), cool (adj).

Functional morphemes are morphemes that can stand alone but the contents are unclear,

divided into 4, namely conjunctions, prepositions, articles, and pronouns.

Example: but (conj), at (prep), the (artc), she (pronoun).

Bound morphemes (bound)

Bound morphemes are morphemes that cannot stand alone but must be bound / attached to

other morphemes. Bound morphemes are divided into 2, namely derivational morphemes and

inflectional morphemes.

Derivational morphemes are morphemes which, if tied / attached to other morphemes, will

form new morphemes / words or to form words with grammar (lexeme) that are different from

the previous word. In derivational there are 2 types, namely there can be in the beginning of a

word (prefixes) or in the end of a word (suffixes), in Indonesian we are used to know them as

affixes.

For example: the word beautiful (adj) is derived from the word beauty (noun) which gets an

additional morpheme "ful" which turns noun into adjective. Now from that reason, morpheme

"ful" belongs to the suffix morphemes (at the end of the word) because it changes the word

from noun lexeme to adjective lexeme.

Infective morphemes are morphemes that are attached to other morphemes that are only to

identify the grammar, not to produce new words or form words with grammar (lexeme) that

are different from the previous word.

For example: the word books (noun) is obtained from the word book (noun), here the book

turns into books because to explain that there are a lot of books (plural), so it does not change

the lexeme of the word, because the word book into books remains in lexeme the same is

lexeme noun.