Some more word problems on Sets

1. In a group of 60 people, 27 like cold drinks and 42 like hot drinks and each person likes at least one
of the two drinks. How many like both coffee and tea? 
Solution: 

Let A = Set of people who like cold drinks. 

     B = Set of people who like hot drinks. 

Given 

(A ∪ B) = 60            n(A) = 27       n(B) = 42 then;

n(A ∩ B) = n(A) + n(B) - n(A ∪ B) 

            = 27 + 42 - 60 

            = 69 - 60 = 9 

            = 9 

Therefore, 9 people like both tea and coffee. 

2. At a breakfast buffet, 20 people chose coffee and 17 chose juice. 10 people chose both coffee and
juice. If each person chose at least one of these beverages, how many people visited the buffet?

Number of people chose coffee              = 20

Number of people chose juice                = 17
Number of people chose coffee and juice = 10

Enter the number which are common to both beverages in the venn
diagram.

Enter number of people chose juice, that is 17. But we had already
entered 10 inside the juice circle. So we have to subtract 10 from 17
and enter the answer 7 in the outside of the common area of the juice
circle.

Enter the number of people chose coffee, that is 20. But we had already
entered 10 inside the coffee circle. So we have to subtract 10 from 20
and enter the answer 10 in the area outside of the common area of the
coffee circle.

Since each person chosen at least one of the beverages, to find the total we have to add all the
numbers inside the circles.

Answer:   The number of people visited the buffet is 10+10+7 = 27