Simple past

 Action that started and ended in the past

 At a specific point in time can use for repeated action
 In the past (frequency indicator )

PAST NOW FUTUR

TALK TALKED EAT ATE

STAR STARTED SPEAK SPOKE

ENJOY ENJOYED MAKE MADE

EXEMPLE

He brought a towel and sunglasses to the beach

They went to the gym every day last weekend

I forgot to tell my boss about my schedule

I don’t think they made a reservation at the restaurant

We ate junk food almost every day last month

She said she had a great time at the party (soiree)

Yesterday, I slept late, went shopping and spoke to my mother

Simple Future tense

GOING TO / NOT GOING TO
 Plans decided before the conversation
 High certainly
Will/WON’T
 Decision at moment of speaking
 Low certainly
Example
Maybe I’ll go hiking tomorrow
I’m going to go to France next year
I decided that I’m not going to go out for dinner I’m so tired
I’ll have a glass of wine, please
You’re running late, so you’ll have to take taxi to your next meeting
You’re not going to the party? Then I probably won’t go either

Preposition of place AT, IN, ON, BY, INTO, OUT OF

On use for day and weekend + transportation
Example
What are you going to do on Saturday night?
I’m going play football on Saturday.

At use for exact location and time, night

Example
 Where are you watching this video?
I’m watching this video at school, university, pool, and kitchen….
 What do you usually do at about 7pm?
I usually run at about 7pm.
 What do you usually do at night?
I usually watch movies at night. MONTHS

IN use of enclosed location MORNING

Where are you now? IN
PERIOD OF TIME
I’m in my bed, bathroom, dream, office City country

BY use of near location AFTERNOON

Example
What is near you right now?
I’m sitting by my table, dog…….

What is something you do every day?

Every day, I went into my house

INTO OUT OF
I went into my company

What is something you do every day?

Every day I take my dog out of my

house
 Difference between look, watch, see

look watch see

moving to focused noticing
something attention something
no something but not
expectation changed or necessary
of change moving focusing
when an
object follow
use at

Special cases: performance

For movie, TV, sport only watch or see
 Outside the house see
 At home watch
Exercise
Tonight I’m going to watch game of thrones
I want to see that new movie
Look Up ahead! Traffic is terrible!
I can wait to see my favorite band next week
When I looked into the forest, I saw a deer
I looked up from my book and saw you
You never watching a video on your phone

When did you see last your roommate?

Adjective order
1. Quantity: number
2. Opinion: great good bad
3. Size :big little
4. Age :young old
5. Shape: round
6. Color: blue red yellow
7. Origin : like morocco
 8. Material: a lot of thing
9. Purpose : what is function of something
What do you would to eat or drink?
I want to eat big pizza
I want to drink big coupe coffee
 Describe your last vacation with a phrasal adjective expressing
duration of time
A took an 18 day trip to…
 an because we have voile eight
 Describe a person in your life
My brother is a smart funny Moroccan guy

Difference between by and until

By when to use deadlines
DEADLINES

PAST PRESENT FUTUR

EXAMPLE I’LL BE AT THE OFFICE BY 7PM

UNTIL when to: a continuing situation / state/ that’s going to change

Casual TILL/’TILL
I’LL be at the office until 7PM
He has to find a new job by March.
I’m not going to bed until I finish this movie.
They need to write their reports by tomorrow.
We can’t leave the house until or by your mother call.
I’m not going to be there until 8PM
If my date doesn’t by 7PM, am leaving!
We have leaved the beach by 10AM.
I’m not going to travel aboard until I learn English
We told him to wake up by 6PM
 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
 USE to express a life experience at a non specific/ unimportant
point in time

 Use to talk about an action that started in the past and continuous
to the present (since or for)
How to make
Positive have/has + PP
Negative have/has + never + PP
Questions have/has + subject + PP
EVER FOR ALL LIFE
They have lived in Germany.
I have never been to Italy.
She has taken the test 3 times.
I have studied English for 2 years.
Has he taken out the trash?
Wish country have you been to?
You’ve never ridden a motorcycle?
They have lived in Paris since

Basic adjective comparison

Short adjective (1, 2 syllables=but of ward)
Adjective + ER -Y ending

Small smaller irregular adjective

Pretty prettier good Better

Fast faster Bad Worse

Fun more fun

Long adjective syllables (3+ syllables=but of ward)

Beautiful more/Less beautiful
Expansive more/Less expansive
 Positive comparison exp THIS IS A ADJECTIVE COMPARISON THAN THIS B
 Negative comparison EXP A IS NOT A ADJECTIVE THAN B
 Question comparison EXP IS A OR B IS ADJECTIVE COMPARISON
My brother is funnier than me
Thai food is spicier than French food
A new house is more expansive than new car
French fries are better than onion rings
Batman is more exciting than superman
Shopping for clothes is not as fun as shopping for food
Listening to music is more relaxing than driving a car
MUSIC
LITTLE DO YOU KNOW
HOW IM BREKING WHILE YOU FALL SLEEP
LITTLE DO YOU KNOW
I’M STILL HAUNTED BY THE MEMOIRIES
LITTLE DO YOU KNOW
I’M TRAYING PICKING MY SELF
UP PIECE BY PIECE
LITTLE DO YOU KNOW
I NEED A LITTLE MORE TIME
UNDERNEATH IT ALL I’M HELD CAPTIVE

Really and very

Really You’re really funny

 Use to modify verbs He runs really fast

 Use to modify adjective and adverb I’m really tired

Very
 Use to modify adjective and adjective This sandwich is very good
 Used more in negatives sentences
You’re not very funny!
He doesn’t run very fast.
They’re very rich.
 They really like vacationing in France (verb)
Schedule is very or really busy (adjective)
That restaurant wasn’t very good (negative sentences)
H’s really or very rainy today (adjective)
Your boss seemed very or really angry with me (adjective)
She really eats a lot! (Verb)
He really hates cats (verb)
I really hope we catch soon (verb)
This is very or really easy (adjective)

COMMON PREFIXES
PREFIX LETTRE ADDED TO THE BEGINNING OF A WORD TO CHANGE THE
MEANING

RE ANTI DIS EX MID

AGAINS AGAINST OPPOSITE FORMER MIDDLLE
redo antifreeze disagree ex-girlfriend midsummer
replay antiaging disable ex-boss midnight
reunite anticlimactic disrespect ex-president midair
recapture antihistamine disobey ex-roommate midday

COMMON PREFIXES NEGATIVE

ILL IM IN IR NON
Illegal impossible indistinguishable irresponsible non-sequential
illogical imperfect indeterminate irredeemable non-sequitur
ill-adviced impeccable invincible irrespective nonsense

When to use SOME vs ANY

Some :

Positive statement Requests Offres

Ineedsomebutter(beurre) Can I have some time of Would you like some wine
We have some food Will you giving me some piece Do you want some chese
They had some good idea Can he take care ofsome thing Do you like some more time
of me
 Any :

Negative statement Questions

I don’t have any money Do we need any salt(naoh)
They didn’t have any clothes Does he have any markers?
We didn’t have make any cookies
Did she give you any tips(advice)?

Example
Do we have any milk? QST

Can I have some cake? OFFRE

I really need some money POSITIVE STATEMENT

I don’t have any pets? NEGATIVE

Do you want some pizza? OFFRE

Wanna get some food after work? OFRRE

He doesn’t have any friend NEGARIVE

Are you sure you didn’t want any desert? NEGATIVE

Using the conditions if

(If clause) + (main clause)

Simple past modal verbs (would, should, could, might)

Past perfect conditional perfect

Can use for:

 Making a plan and planning question

 Talking about future activities
 Past potential + past out come
 Advice /recommendation
 If it’s sunny tomorrow I’ll go the beach.

Plan

If you past the test, you’ll get a certification

If we got approval for the project, we would beginning Monday

Past

If you hired for the job, you would get 500000 dollars a year

If I’d left the house earlier, the would have been

Past perfect

If I’d had a little more time, I would have passed the test

Recommendation if you go to Paris, you should visit the Louvre

Question if it rains this weekend, that do you want to do?

Would: high certainty

Might: low certainty

I had: I’d

Would have: would’ve

You had: you’d

 Using must and must not
Present possibility
HIGH CHANCE

1. Must be + noun phrase this must be the right house

2. Must be + adjective you must be tired

3. Must be + verb + ing the computer must be thinking

LOW XCHANCE

Must not + noun phrase this must NOT be the right house

Must not + adjective you must NOT be tired

Must not + verb + ing the computer must NOT be thinking

Past possibility
HIGH CHANCE

1. Must have be + noun phrase this must not be the right house

2. Must have be + adjective you must not be tired

3. Must have be + verb + ing the computer must not be thinking

LOW XCHANCE

Must have not + noun phrase this must NOT be the right house

Must have not + adjective you must NOT be tired

Must have not + verb + ing the computer must NOT be thinking

Must not have been:

 you must not have been the office

 she must not have heard the news
Don't despair
Must have + verb in pp
Generous
 He must have made a mistake Distinguished
(perfect)
Must not have + verb into work pp
Approach (near)
 He must not have come to work
 She must not have forgotten they keys
 Punctuation: commas
Use with the coordinating conjunction (and, but, or; for, yet, so)

Example

,
He wanted to come to the concert with me but he had to study an exam

After an introductory expression (word/ phrase before subject + verb)

,
In 2018 I started my own company

Last week , we met oor new clients

With adjective clause (often, begin, with, which, or, that)
The movies inception, which was….