AUXILIARY VERBS

To Be - ser/estar

AM IS ARE
I. He, She, It. You, We, They.
Conjugación

Yo soy/ estoy El, Ella, Esto es/está Tú, Ustedes, Nosotros, Ellos son/
están.
I am a doctor She is a doctor They are doctors
I am in the Hospital She is in the Hospital They are in the Hospital

INDICATIVE:

Afirmative Negative Question

I am a doctor
Yo soy doctor
She is in the Hospital
Ella está en el hospital.
They are in the park
Ellos están en el parque.
I am not a doctor!
Yo no soy doctor!
She is not in the Hospital
Ella no está en el Hospital.
They are not in the park
Ellos no están en el parque.
Am I a doctor?
¿Soy un doctor?
Is she in the Hospital?
¿Ella está en el Hospital?
Are They in the park?
¿Ellos están en el parque?

PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE:

Reglas:

AFFIRMATIVE FORM
PRIMERA Y SEGUNDA TERCERA PERSONA USO DE HAVE
PERSONA (Verbo TENER)
He , She, It I, You, We, He, She, It
I, You, We, They They
Agregar S en Terminaciones O, Terminaciones
todos los x, z, s, ss, sh, ch en Y, Have Has
verbos. agregar ES reemplazar Y
por IES
You speak English. She reads a He Kisses his She cries for I have a She has
book girlfriend you. question. hungry.

NEGATIVE FORM
Pronombre + DO/DOES + Verbo (forma base)+ complemento

Do not / Don´t Does not / Doesn´t Have not / Has not /

haven’t hasn´t
You don´t speak She does not hear nothing. I have not She has not
English. fear. hungry.

INTERROGATIVE FORM

Do you speak English? Does She hear nothing? Have you a Has she
question? hungry?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE: (Estoy + verbo termina ando / endo)

Reglas:

Terminations in “E” Monosyllabic consonant, vocal, Exception terminations W, X, Y,

consonant. Z.
Practice/Practicing Jog /Jogging Play / playing
Believe / Believing Shop / Shopping Read / Reading

Subjet + To be + Verb + ING + Complement

Afirmative Negative Question

I am studying maths
Estoy estudiando matematicas
She is dancing salsa
Ella está bailando Salsa.
They are fixing the car
Ellos están reparando el auto.
I am not Playing now.
No estoy jugando Ahora.
She is not cleaning her bedroom.
Ella no está limpiando su
habitacion .
They are not drinking beer.
Ellos no están bebiendo cerveza.
Am I lying?
¿Yo estoy mintiendo?
Is she sleeping now?
¿Ella está durmiendo ahora?
Are They singing out of tune?
¿Ellos están cantando desafinado?

PRESENT PERFECT: ado / ido

Pronombre + Have / Has+ Verbo pasado participio (3ra columna) + complemento

Have Has
I, You, We, They. He, She, It.
AFIRMATIVE FORM
you have worked all day yesterday She has driven the car on the vacations
tú has trabajado todo el día ayer Ella ha conducido el auto en las vacaciones
NEGATIVE FORM
We have not burnt the house He has not come last night
Nosotros no hemos quemado la casa Él no ha venido la noche pasada
INTERROGATIVE FORM
Have you drunk wine all night? Has she sold her computer in the market?
Has bebido vino toda la noche? Ella ha vendido su computadora en el mercado?

SIMPLE PAST:

Pronombre + Did + Verbo base + complemento

Verbos regulares Verbos irregulares

AFIRMATIVE FORM
(no se usa el verbo auxiliar)
I called to my parents yesterday She won a lot of money
Yo llamé a mis padres ayer. Ella ganó mucho dinero.
NEGATIVE FORM
They did not call to police He did not say nothing in the class
Ellos no llamaron a la policía. Él no dijo nada en la clase.
INTERROGATIVE FORM
Did he escape of his jail? Did he sell a mensaje text?
 El escapó de su jaula? El envió un mensaje de texto?

CONTINUOUS PAST: “estaba”

Pronombre + Was / Were + verbo ING+ complemento

Was Were
I, He , She, It. (singular) You, We, They. (plural)
AFIRMATIVE FORM
I was sleeping in my bed They were buying tickets for the concert
Yo estaba durmiendo en mi cama Ellos estaban comprando boletos para el concierto
NEGATIVE FORM
She was not reading the newspaper We were not betting money
Ella no estaba leyendo el periódico Nosotros no estábamos apostando dinero
INTERROGATIVE FORM
Was he crying in the street? Were you cutting my clothes?
Él estaba llorando en la calle? Tu estaba cortando mi ropa?

FUTURE TENSE:

Pronombre + Will / + verbo ING+ complemento

Will (decisión, promesa) Going to (plan con antecedente)

Sujeto + Will+ verbo base + complemento Sujeto+ to be + Going to + verbo base +
complemento
AFIRMATIVE FORM
I will sleep now I am going to sleep later
Dormiré ahora Yo voy a dormir más tarde.
NEGATIVE FORM
She will not buy flowers today We are not going to travel tomorrow
Ella no comprará flores hoy. Nosotros no vamos a viajar mañana.
INTERROGATIVE FORM
Will he eat in the restaurant? Are you going to buy pizza?
Él comerá en el restaurante? Ustedes van a comprar pizza?
COMPARATIVES

SUPERLATIVOS
 HABITS IN THE PAST
USED TO: soler/acostumbrar (yo solía hacer)

SIMPLE PAST (recordando):

Pronombre + Did + Verbo base + complemento

Verbos regulares Verbos irregulares

AFIRMATIVE FORM
(no se usa el verbo auxiliar)
I called to my parents yesterday
Yo llamé a mis padres ayer.
NEGATIVE FORM
They did not call to police
Ellos no llamaron a la policía.
INTERROGATIVE FORM
Did he escape of his jail?
El escapó de su jaula?
She won a lot of money
Ella ganó mucho dinero.
He did not say nothing in the class
Él no dijo nada en la clase.
Did he sell a mensaje text?
El envió un mensaje de texto?

HABITOS VIEJOS:

Pronombre + Did + Verbo base + complemento

Afirmative Negative Question

I used to drive my car
Yo solía ,manejar mi auto
She used to work in the office
Ella solía trabajar en la oficina
They used to play in the street
Ellos solían jugar en la calle.
I did not use to drink beer
Yo no solía beber cerveza
She did not use to smoke in the
house
Ella no solía fumar en la casa
They did not use to eat pizza
Ellos no solían comer pizza.
Did I use to do this?
¿yo solía hacer esto?
Did she use to write letter?
¿Ella solía escribir cartas?
Did They use to help you?
¿Ellos solían ayudarte?

WOULD: ria (yo jugaría, iría, viajaría)

Pronombre + Would + Verbo base + complemento

Afirmative Negative Question

I would drive my car
Yo manejaría mi auto
She would work here
Ella trabajaría aquí
They would play with us
Ellos jugarían con nosotros.
I would not drink this
Yo no bebería éso
She would not smoke never
Ella no fumaria nunca
They Would not do this
Ellos no harian eso.
Would I do this?
¿yo haria eso?
Would she travel with me?
¿Ella viajaría conmigo?
Would They eat here?
¿Ellos comerían aquí?
 QUESTIONS TAGS

PHRASAL VERBS
Pasiva