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  • Experimental Design Cheat Sheet

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    Irene Liao
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    Experimental design involves setting up graphs, defining variables, and properly structuring experiments. Key elements include: - Independent variables are what is observed or altered, dependent variables are the measured outcome. - Graphs should be labeled with units and have evenly spaced tick marks and numbers. Bar graphs compare groups while line graphs show continuous data relationships. - Controls and constants are kept steady to isolate the independent variable's effects. A control group experiences normal conditions for comparison. - Analyzing results requires backing up statements with graph data and fully explaining connections to demonstrate understanding. Poor experiments lack controls or change multiple variables.

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    Experimental design involves setting up graphs, defining variables, and properly structuring experiments. Key elements include: - Independent variables are what is observed or altered, dependent variables are the measured outcome. - Graphs should be labeled with units and have evenly spaced tick marks and numbers. Bar graphs compare groups while line graphs show continuous data relationships. - Controls and constants are kept steady to isolate the independent variable's effects. A control group experiences normal conditions for comparison. - Analyzing results requires backing up statements with graph data and fully explaining connections to demonstrate understanding. Poor experiments lack controls or change multiple variables.

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    515 views1 page

    Experimental Design Cheat Sheet

    Uploaded by

    Irene Liao
    Experimental design involves setting up graphs, defining variables, and properly structuring experiments. Key elements include: - Independent variables are what is observed or altered, dependent variables are the measured outcome. - Graphs should be labeled with units and have evenly spaced tick marks and numbers. Bar graphs compare groups while line graphs show continuous data relationships. - Controls and constants are kept steady to isolate the independent variable's effects. A control group experiences normal conditions for comparison. - Analyzing results requires backing up statements with graph data and fully explaining connections to demonstrate understanding. Poor experiments lack controls or change multiple variables.

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    Experimental

    cheat sheet
    Design
    Graphs Variables
    How to set up the graph
    X-AXIS (horizontal) --> Independent
    Independent & Dependent
    variable
    Y-AXIS (vertical) --> Dependent variable INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT
    *Always include axis labels with units of measure (ex: Concentra- VARIABLE VARIABLE
    tions of SO2 in ppm) What you are observing The outcome of the test
    *Space tick marks out evenly to see if it has an effect or experiment. It is what
    *Write numbers at tick marks on the outcome of the we are measuring (the
    *Axis numbers should be a number line and not your exact data experiment or what we result) and is DEPEN-
    points (ex: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10; not 1.2, 4.9, 6.1, 9.3) are altering. DENT upon the
    independent change.

    Bar graph Line graph

    Controls/Constants
    CONTROLS CONSTANTS
    What you keep steady Things you keep the
    or controlled to keep same between all of the
    from altering or tests or don’t allow to
    in uencing your change. Constants can
    experiment. also be controls.

    *Bars don’t touch (social distancing) *Represents continuous data that relates
    *Bars of the same set are same color to itself.
    *Use when comparing different groups *Connect data points for each data set
    *Use different colors only for multiple sets with a line.
    of data on same graph & include key/leg- *different data sets need to be different
    end. color

    Control Group(s)
    Scatter plot
    *Probably won’t see on exam nor need to
    CONTROL GROUP
    create.
    Completely different from experiment controls &
    *Shows possible correlation/relationship constants.
    between 2 variables. This is a test or group that you keep under normal
    *Can have a “trend line” showing the conditions so that it can be compared to the test
    average of the data. groups. This is done to see if the change (independent
    *Do not connect the dots variable) made a measurable difference.
    *Closer the points to one another, closer
    the relationship

    Bad experiment
    Analyzing Results *Changes multiple variables at once making
    it so you cannot tell what variable produced a
    * Back up your statements speci cally with data from the graph and change.
    make full connections for the reader to show full understanding of *Lacks experimental controls that lead to
    the topics. outside in uences on your tests.
    * Test groups of few individuals

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