Total Connected Load (TCL)

Sum total of electrical equipment without any allowance being made for diversity. It involves
simply adding together the current rating of each item of electrical equipment connected to the
installation.

Maximum Demand (MD)

Capacity of electricity usage. Connected load with allowance diversity.

Importance of diversity factor in calculation of maximum demand

Diversity is needed to reduce the number of circuit used at customer site and reduce cost of
installation without reducing the effectiveness.

Circuit breaker

A type of protective device used to break electric circuit if any failure happen in power system. It
is important in eliminating further negative impact on electrical apparatus.

Purpose of protection in power distribution system

i. For maintenance
All electrical apparatus need maintenance for proper operation. So, protection from
being shocked by electrical current is needed during maintenance.
ii. Safety
All customers and electrical employees are exposed to metal-work. Thus, protection
from shock and hazard need to be provided by protective devices.
iii. Prevent system breakdown
Protection in power distribution system can prevent the system failure from fault.