OCCIDENTAL AND

ORIENTAL
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts,
laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.
OCCIDENTAL OR
WESTERN
Western culture, sometimes equated with Western civilization, Occidental culture, the Western world, Western
society, and European civilization, is the heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems,
political systems, artifacts and technologies that originated in or are associated with Europe. The term also applies
beyond Europe to countries and cultures whose histories are strongly connected to Europe by immigration, colonization,
or influence. For example, Western culture includes countries in the Americas and Australasia, whose language and
demographic ethnicity majorities are of European descent. Western culture is most strongly influenced by the Judeo-
Christian and Greco-Roman cultures.

5 COUNTRIES OF WESTERN CULTURE:

USA
CANADA
FRANCE
UNITED KINGDON
SPAIN

ORIENTAL OR EASTERN
The Orient is a historical term for the East, traditionally comprising anything that belongs to the Eastern
world, in relation to Europe, the Occident. In English, it is largely a metonym for, and coterminous with, the
continent of Asia, loosely classified into the Near East, Middle East and Far East: the geographical and ethno-
cultural regions now known as West Asia, South Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia. Originally, the term Orient
was used to designate the Near East, and later its meaning evolved and expanded, designating also the Middle
East or the Far East.

5 COUNTRIES OF EASTERN CULTURE:

CHINA
JAPAN
INDONESIA
MALAYSIA
THAILAND

In this presentation, we will tackle the differences of western

and easter coutries through tabulation via their
 DEMOGRAPHY,LAWS and SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT and
CULTURE as a whole.
DEMOGRAPHY:the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the
incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations.

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
WESTERN OR OCCIDENT

USA CANADA FRANCE UNITED SPAIN

KINGDOM
65,105,246 United Kingdom (July
POPULATION: 329,256,465 (July 35,881,659 (July 67,364,357 (July
2018 est.)
England 84% 49,331,076
The whole number of 2018 est.) 2018 est.) 2018 est.) Scotland 8%
Wales 5%
people or inhabitants in a Northern Ireland 3%
country or region
0-14 0-14 0-14 0-14 years: 17.59% (male 0-14
AGE STRUCTURE: years: 18.62% (male years: 15.43% (male years: 18.48% (male 5,871,268 /female 5,582,107) years: 15.29% (male
distribution of the 31,329,121 /female 2,839,236 /female 6,366,789 /female 3,879,229 /female
population according to 29,984,705) 2,698,592) 6,082,729) 15-24 years: 11.71% (male 3,664,016)
15-24 15-24 15-24 3,895,850 /female 3,726,311) 15-24
age. The age structure of a years: 13.12% (male years: 11.62% (male years: 11.8% (male years: 9.65% (male
population affects a 22,119,340 /female 2,145,626 /female 4,065,780 /female 25-54 years: 40.29% (male 2,458,486 /female
nation’s key 21,082,599) 2,023,369) 3,884,488) 13,387,119 /female 2,299,523)
25-54 25-54 25-54 12,843,549) 25-54
socioeconomic issues. years: 39.29% (male years: 39.62% (male years: 37.48% (male years: 44.54% (male
64,858,646 /female 7,215,261 /female 12,731,825 /female 55-64 years: 12.22% (male 11,208,598 /female
64,496,889) 7,002,546) 12,515,501) 3,936,466 /female 4,022,245) 10,762,651)
55-64 55-64 55-64 55-64
 years: 12.94% (male years: 14.24% (male years: 12.42% (male 65 years and years: 12.38% (male
20,578,432 /female 2,538,820 /female 4,035,073 /female over: 18.19% (male 2,980,206 /female
22,040,267) 2,570,709) 4,331,751) 5,321,392 /female 3,125,949)
65 years and 65 years and 65 years and 6,518,939) (2018 est.) 65 years and
over: 16.03% (male over: 19.08% (male over: 19.82% (male over: 18.15% (male
23,489,515 /female 3,055,560 /female 5,781,410 /female 3,833,601 /female
29,276,951) (2018 3,791,940) (2018 est.) 7,569,011) (2018 est.) 5,118,817) (2018 est.)
est.)

BIRTH RATE:
This entry gives the average
12.4 births/1,000 10.2 births/1,000 12.1 births/1,000 12 births/1,000 9 births/1,000
annual number of births
population (2018 population (2018 population (2018 population (2018 est. population (2018
during a year per 1,000
est.) est.) est.) est.)
persons in the population at
midyear; also known as
crude birth rate.
DEATH RATE: 8.2 deaths/1,000 8.8 deaths/1,000 9.4 deaths/1,000 9.4 deaths/1,000 9.2 deaths/1,000
This entry gives the population (2018 population (2018 population (2018 population (2018 est.) population (2018
average annual number est.) est.) est.) est.)
of deaths during a year
per 1,000 population at
midyear; also known as
crude death rate. 
 EASTERN OR ORIENT

CHINA JAPAN INDONESIA MALAYSIA THAILAND

POPULATION 1,384,688,986 (July 126,168,156  262,787,403 31,809,660 68,615,858 (July

2018 est.) 2018 est.)
0-14 0-14 0-14 0-14 0-14
AGE STRUCTURE years: 17.22% (mal years: 12.71% (male years: 24.63% (male years: 27.48% (male years: 16.73% (male
e 128,270,371 8,251,336 /female 32,967,727 /female 4,498,796 /female 5,880,026 /female
/female 7,787,234) 31,757,882) 4,243,418) 5,598,611)
110,120,535) 15-24 15-24 15-24 15-24
15-24 years: 9.63% (male years: 16.94% (male years: 16.74% (male years: 13.83% (male
years: 12.32% (mal 6,397,995 /female 22,661,264 /female 2,704,318 /female 4,840,303 /female
e 91,443,139 5,746,140) 21,852,006) 2,621,444) 4,649,589)
/female 79,181,726) 25-54 25-54 25-54 25-54
25-54 years: 37.28% (male years: 42.44% (male years: 40.97% (male years: 46.12% (male
years: 47.84% (mal 23,246,562 /female 57,097,131 /female 6,587,529 /female 15,670,881 /female
e 338,189,015 23,784,273) 54,433,239) 6,444,430) 15,972,254)
/female 55-64 55-64 55-64 55-64
324,180,103) years: 12.01% (male years: 8.73% (male years: 8.46% (male years: 12.35% (male
55-64 7,588,597 /female 10,447,365 /female 1,364,858 /female 3,970,979 /female
 years: 11.35% (mal 7,563,245) 12,494,036) 1,325,595) 4,503,647)
e 79,340,391 65 years and 65 years and 65 years and 65 years and
/female 77,857,806) over: 28.38% (male over: 7.26% (male over: 6.35% (male over: 10.97% (male
65 years and 15,655,860 /female 8,326,858 /female 957,841 /female 3,289,576 /female
over: 11.27% (male 20,146,914) (2018 10,749,895) (2018 1,061,431) (2018 est.) 4,239,992) (2018
74,277,631 /female est.) est.) est.)
81,828,269) (2018
est.)

BIRTH RATE 12.1 births/1,000 7.5 births/1,000 15.9 births/1,000 18.8 births/1,000 11 births/1,000
population (2018 population (2018 est. population (2018 population (2018 est.) population (2018
est. est.) est.)
DEATH RATE 8 deaths/1,000 9.9 deaths/1,000 6.5 deaths/1,000 5.2 deaths/1,000 8.1 deaths/1,000
population (2018 population (2018 population (2018 population (2018 est.) population (2018
est.) est.) est.) est.)

SIMILARITIES:
1. Most population in both eastern and western countries are dominated by ages 25-54 ranging from 37%-47%
of the total population.
2. The birth rates for the example countries are almost identical with the exemption of Malaysia and Indonesia.

DIFFERENCES:
1. There is a higher population density on eastern countries than western countries, resulting in food
shortage and other problems that can be attributed to high population count.

2. There are lower death rates in some eastern countries than western countries. This can be attributed
to the laws of different countries such as USA which allows usage of gun with legal permits.
 GOVERNMENT: A government is the system or group of people governing an
organized community, often a state, but also other entities like for example companies,
especially in the case of colonial companies.

WESTERN OR OCCIDENT
USA CANADA FRANCE UNITED SPAIN
KINGDOM
GOVERNME constitutional federal
republic
federal parliamentary
democracy (Parliament
Semi-presidential
republic
parliamentary
constitutional
parliamentary
constitutional
NT TYPE of Canada) under a monarchy; a monarchy
constitutional Commonwealth realm
monarchy; a
Commonwealth realm;
federal and state
authorities and
responsibilities
regulated in
constitution
CONSTITUT 1781 (Articles of
Confederation and
consists of unwritten
and written acts,
  1812; latest approved
by the General Courts
ION Perpetual Union);  customs, judicial unwritten; partly 31 October 1978,
decisions, and 4 October 1958 statutes, partly passed by
traditions dating from common law and referendum 6
1763; the written part of practice December 1978,
 the constitution signed by the king 27
consists of the December 1978,
Constitution Act of 29 effective 29
March 1867, which December 1978
created a federation of
four provinces, and the
Constitution Act of 17
April 1982
LEGAL common law system
based on English
SYSTEM common law at the
federal level; state common law system civil law; review of common law system; civil law system with
legal systems based except in Quebec, administrative but not has nonbinding regional variations
on common law, where civil law based legislative acts judicial review of Acts
except Louisiana, on the French civil code of Parliament under
where state law is prevails the Human Rights Act
based on Napoleonic of 1998
civil code; judicial
review of legislative
acts
BRANCHES  Executive  Executive  Executive  Executive  Executive
 Legislative  Legislative  Legislative  Legislative  Legislative
OF  Judicial  Judicial  Judicial  Judicial  Judicial
GOVERNME
NT
TERM OF four-year term, with
a term limit of
THE HEAD two terms (totaling No exact term, as long Five years and No exact term, as No fix term
OF STATE eight years) or a as there is confidence renewable once. long as there is
maximum of ten years on their government. confidence on their
if the president acted government. (prime
as president for two minister)
 years or less in
a term where another
was elected
CITIZENSHI citizenship by
birth: yes
citizenship by birth: yes
citizenship by descent
citizenship by
birth: no
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent
citizenship by
birth: no
P citizenship by descent only: yes citizenship by descent only: at least one citizenship by descent
only: yes dual citizenship only: at least one parent must be a only: at least one
dual citizenship recognized: yes parent must be a citizen of the United parent must be a
recognized: no, but residency requirement citizen of France Kingdom citizen of Spain
the US government for dual citizenship dual citizenship dual citizenship
acknowledges such naturalization: minimu recognized: yes recognized: yes recognized: only with
situtations exist; US m of 3 of last 5 years residency residency requirement select Latin American
citizens are not resident in Canada requirement for for naturalization: 5 countries
encouraged to seek naturalization: 5 years years residency
dual citizenship since requirement for
it limits protection by naturalization: 10
the US years for persons with
residency requirement no ties to Spain
for naturalization: 5
years

CAPITAL Washington DC Ottawa Paris London Madrid

Eastern or orient
China Japan Indonesia Malaysia Thailand
GOVERNME communist party-led parliamentary presidential republic
federal parliamentary
constitutional
Constitutional
monarchy
NT TYPE state constitutional monarchy monarchy
CONSTITUT   latest drafted and
 ION latest promulgated 4
December 1982
latest approved 6
October 1946, adopted
drafted July to August
1945, effective 18 1948; latest drafted
presented 29 March
2016, approved by
3 November 1946, August 1945, 21 February 1957, referendum 7 August
effective 3 May 1947 abrogated by 1949 effective 27 August 2016, signed into law
and 1950 1957 by the king 6 April
constitutions; 1945 2017
constitution restored 5
July 1959
LEGAL civil law influenced by
Soviet and continental
SYSTEM European civil law
systems; legislature civil law system based civil law system mixed legal system of
retains power to on German model; based on the Roman- English common law,
interpret statutes; system also reflects Dutch model and Islamic (sharia) law,
note - in March 2017, Anglo-American influenced by and customary law;
the National People's influence and customary law judicial review of
Congress passed a Japanese traditions; legislative acts in the
new civil code, the judicial review of Federal Court at
General Rules of Civil legislative acts in the request of supreme
Law, which became Supreme Court head of the federation
effective the following
October
BRANCHES  National People's
Congress (NPC): the  Executive  Executive  Executive  Executive
OF ultimate power of the
state that makes the  Legislative  Legislative  Legislative  Legislative
GOVERNME constitution and basic
laws, and supervise  Judicial  Judicial  Judicial  Judicial
and elects all following
NT organs;
 Standing Committee of
the National People's
Congress (NPCSC):
the permanent
legislative organ

TERM OF
THE HEAD Since 2018, the term
limit was abolished
No exact term, as long
as there is confidence
Five years and
renewable once.
No exact term, as
long as there is
 the prime minister
can only be appointed
OF STATE on their government. confidence on their twice and is therefore
government. (prime limited to a maximum
minister) of two consecutive
terms
CITIZENSHI citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent
citizenship by
birth: no
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent
citizenship by
birth: no
P only: least one parent only: at least one citizenship by descent only: at least one citizenship by descent
must be a citizen of parent must be a only: at least one parent must be a only: at least one
China citizen of Japan parent must be a citizen of Malaysia parent must be a
dual citizenship dual citizenship citizen of Indonesia dual citizenship citizen of Thailand
recognized: no recognized: no dual citizenship recognized: no dual citizenship
residency requirement residency requirement recognized: no residency requirement recognized: no
for for naturalization: 5 residency for naturalization: 10 residency
naturalization: while years requirement for out 12 years requirement for
naturalization is naturalization: 5 preceding application naturalization: 5 years
theoretically possible, continuous years
in practical terms it is
extremely difficult;
residency is required
but not specified

CAPITAL Beijing Tokyo Jakarta Kuala lumpur Bangkok

SIMILARITIES:
 DIFFERENCES:

CULTURE: an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior and norms found in human societies, as well as the
knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.

WESTERN OR OCCIDENT
USA CANADA FRANCE UNITED SPA
KINGDOM
RELIGION
ART,
ARCHITECTUR
E
CUSTOMS
LANGUAGE
ECONOMY
GEOGRAPHY