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Number N ----
concentration
Concentration is the amount of a solute (in
mass or mole) present in 1dm3 or 1000cm3
volume of a solvent. This forms a solution.
𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
Hence: concentration =
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡(𝑑𝑚3)
Volume conversion
Recall that:
y= 0.5 𝑑𝑚3
Exercise 1
Mass conc.(p)
NOTE: 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. (c) =
Molar mass(M)
𝑝 𝑚
that is: c= from n =
𝑀 𝑀
THEREFORE: 𝑝 = 𝑐 ∗ 𝑀
SOLUTION
𝑚
Recall: mass concentration(p) =
𝑉(𝑑𝑚3)
P
RECALL: 𝑐=
M
2.8g/dm3
THEREFORE: 𝑐=
56.0g/mol
Hence c = 0.05moldm-3
Where the molar mass of salt X = 56.0gmol-1
(a) 0.08 gdm-3 (b) 2.00 gdm-3 (c) 8.00 gdm-3 (d) 80.00 gdm-3
MOLE(n) - MOLARITY(c) AND VOLUME(V) OF LIQUID
RELATIONSHIP
𝑛
Recall: c = 3
𝑉(𝑑𝑚 )
Therefore: 𝑛 = 𝑐 ∗ 𝑉(𝑑𝑚3)
THEREFORE: 𝑚 = 𝑛 ∗ 𝑀
HENCE: 𝑚 = 0.0025𝑚𝑜𝑙 ∗ 98𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
THEREFORE m = 0.245g
Where molar mass (M) of H2SO4 = (1 x 2) + (32 x 1) + (16 x 4) = 98gmol-1
IF: 𝑐 ∗ 𝑉= 𝑛
𝐶𝑎 ∗ 𝑉𝑎 𝑛𝑎
THEREFORE: =
𝐶𝑏 ∗ 𝑉𝑏 𝑛𝑏
𝑛𝑎
Where: = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
𝑛𝑏
𝐶𝑎 ∗ 𝑉𝑎 𝑛𝑎
RECALL: =
𝐶𝑏 ∗ 𝑉𝑏 𝑛𝑏
Where: Ca = 0.1moldm-3 , Cb = 0.3moldm-3 ,
Va = ? , Vb = 25cm3
𝑛𝑎 2
And: =
𝑛𝑏 1
0.1𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑑𝑚3 ∗ 𝑉𝑎 2
THEREFORE: =
0.3𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑑𝑚3 ∗ 25𝑐𝑚3 1
0.1𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑑𝑚−3 ∗ 𝑉𝑎 2
Cross multiply: =
0.3𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑑𝑚−3 ∗ 25𝑐𝑚3 1
2 ∗ 25𝑐𝑚3 ∗ 0.3𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑑𝑚−3
HENCE: 𝑉𝑎 =
1 ∗ 0.1𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑑𝑚−3
THEREFORE: Va = 150cm3