KARL OLIVER C.

RICARDO
MST- CHEMISTRY
13-00088
OPTICS AND ACOUSTICS

1. A photographer moves closer to his subject and then refocuses. Does the
camera lens move farther away from or closer to the sensor? Explain.

ANSWER: The lens moves farther away from the film. When the
photographer moves closer to his subject, the object distance decreases.
The focal length of the lens does not change, so the image distance must
increase.
1 1 1
= + .
f do di

2. If a concave mirror produces a real image, is the image necessarily inverted?

ANSWER: YES, WHEN A CONCAVE MIRROR PRODUCES A REAL IMAGE

OF REAL OBJECT, BOTH d o AND d i ARE POSITIVE. THE MAGNIFICATION
di
EQUATION, m= , RESULTS IN A NEGATIVE MAGNIFICATION, WHICH
do
INDICATES THAT THE IMAGE IS INVERTED.

3. It is defined as the ratio of the angle subtended by an object when using the lens,
to the angle subtended using the unaided eye, with the object at the near point N
of the eye.

ANSWER: ANGULAR MAGNIFICATION OR MAGNIFYING POWER, M.

4. Why must a camera lens be moved farther from the film to focus on a closer
object?

ANSWER: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN d i AND d o FOR A GIVEN LENS OF

1 1 1
FOCAL LENGTH F IS GIVEN BY = + . THE TOTAL FOCAL LENGTH IS FIXED
f do di
FOR CAMERA LENS, SO IF THE LENS FOCUSES ON A CLOSER OBJECT, d o
DECREASE SO THERFORE d i INCREASES. AND INCREASE IN d i MEAQNS THAT
THE LENS MUST BE FARTHER FROM THE FILM.

5. What type of mirror is shown:

 ANSWER: THE MIRROR SHOW IS CONCAVE, AND THE PERSON
STANDING IS INSIDE THE FOCAL POINT SO THAT A VIRTUAL, UPRIGHT
IMAGE IS FORMED. IN ADDITION, AN IMAGE IS ALSO PRESENT AT THE
FAR RIGHT EDGE OF THE MIRROR, WHICH IS ONLY POSSIBLE IF THE
MIRROR IS CONCAVE.

6. A small candle is 35 cm from a concave mirror having a radius of curvature of 24

cm. (a) What is the focal length of the mirror? (b) Where will the image of the
candle be located? (c) Will the image be upright or inverted?

a) THE FOCAL LENGTH IS HALF THE RADIUS OF CURVATURE:

1 1
f = r= ( 24 cm )=12 cm
2 2

b.) FIND THE IMAGE OF THE CANDLE WHE IT IS LOCATED

1 1 1
= +
f do di
do f
d i=
d o −f
(35 cm)(24 cm)
d i= =76 cm
( 35 cm−24 cm)

c.) THE IMAGE IS INVERTED, SINCE THE MAGNIFICATION IS NEGATIVE.

7. A 4.5-cm tall object is placed 26 cm in front of a spherical mirror. It is desired to

produce a virtual image that is upright and 3.5 cm tall, (a) What type of mirror
should be used? (b) Where is the image located? (c) What is the focal length of
the mirror? (d) What is the radius of curvature of the mirror?
 a) TO PRODUCE A SMALLER IMAGE LOCATED BEHIND THE SURFACE, IT
REQUIRES A CONVEX MIRROR.

b) FIND THE IMAGE DISTANCE FROM THE MAGNIFICATION

hi −d i
m= =
h0 d 0
−d 0 hi
d i=
h0
−( 26 cm ) ( 3.5 cm )
d i= =−20.2cm
( 4.5 cm)

d i< 0. THE IMAGE IS LOCATED 20CM BEHIND THE SURFACE.

c) FOCAL LENGTH

1 1 1
= +
f do di
d o di
f=
d o +d i
( 26 cm)(−2 0.2 cm)
f= =−90.55 cm
( 26 cm )+(−20.2 cm)

d) THE RADIUS OF CURVATURE IS TWICE THE FOCA LENGTH:

r =2 f =2 (−90.55 cm )=−181.1cm

8. A television camera lens has a 17-cm focal length and a lens diameter of 6.0 cm.
What is its f-number?
f
f −number ¿ f −stop=
D

f ( 17 cm ) f
f −stop= = =
D ( 6.0 cm ) 2.8