KARL OLIVER C.

RICARDO
MST- CHEMISTRY
13-00088
OPTICS AND ACOUSTICS

1. Calculate the length of a pipe that has a fundamental frequency of 240 Hz if the pipe is
(a) closed at one end and (b) open at both ends.

GIVEN: f1= 240Hz

v= 343m/s
SOLUTION:
(a)
nv
f 1=
4L
v
L=
4f1
(343)
L=
( 4)(240)
L=0.357 m
(b)
nv
f 1=
4L
v
L=
4f1
(343)
L=
( 2)(240)
L=0.715m

2. The windpipe of one typical whooping crane is 5.00 ft. long. What is the fundamental
resonant frequency of the bird’s trachea, modeled as a narrow pipe closed at on end?
Assume a temperature of 37°C.

SOLUTION:
T =3 70 c +273
T =310 k
nv
f 1=
4L
m T
v=331 x
s
m
√
273 K
310 K
v=331 x
s √
273 K
 m
v=352.71
s
λ=4 L=( 4 ) (1.524 m ) =6.096 m
v (352.72)
f= = =58 Hz
λ (6.096)

3. If two adjacent natural frequencies of an organ pipe are determined to be 550 Hz and 650
Hz, calculate the fundamental frequency and length of this pipe. (Use v =340 m/s.)

SOLUTION:
nv v
( )
650 Hz=
2L
+( )
2L
m

( )
¿ ( 550 Hz ) +
340
2L
s

L=1.7 m
nv
f 0=
2L
m
(340 )
s
f 0=
2(1.7 m)
f 0=100 Hz

4. Tuning fork A (frequency unknown) and tuning fork B (frequency 384 Hz) together
produce 6 beats in 2 seconds. When a small piece of putty is attached to tuning fork A, as
in Figure 1, the beat frequency decreases. What is the frequency of tuning fork A before
the putty is attached?
a. a. 378 Hz b. 381 Hz c. 387 Hz d. 390 Hz

ANSWER: D. 390Hz

5. A tuning fork has a frequency of 440 Hz. The string of a violin and this tuning fork, when
sounded together, produce a beat frequency of 1 Hz. From these two pieces of
information alone, is it possible to determine the exact frequency of the violin string?
a. Yes; the frequency of the violin string is 441 Hz.
b. No, because the frequency of the violin string could be either 439 or 441 Hz.
c. Yes; the frequency of the violin string is 439 Hz.

ANSWER: B. No, because the frequency of the violin string could be

either 439 or 441 Hz
6. When the regions of constructive and destructive interference in Figure 1 move past a
listener’s ear, a beat frequency of 2 Hz is heard. Suppose that the tuning forks in the
drawing are sounded under water and that the listener is also under water. The forks
vibrate at 438 and 440 Hz, just as they do in air. However, sound travels four times faster
in water than in air. The beat frequency heard by the underwater listener is
a. a. 16 Hz b. 8 Hz c. 4 Hz d. 2 Hz.

ANSWER: D. 2 Hz