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REFLECTION & SPHERICAL MIRRORS
1 Spherical mirrors & its components

2 Focus of spherical mirrors

3 Standard incident rays of spherical mirrors

4 Ray diagram of concave mirror

5 Ray diagram of convex mirror

REFLECTION & SPHERICAL MIRRORS
6 Sign convention of mirrors & mirror formula

7 Magnification of Spherical mirrors

8 Numericals on Spherical mirrors

Q6: A convex mirror used for rear-view on
an automobile has a radius of curvature of
3 m. If a bus is located at 5 m from this
mirror, find the position,nature and size of
the image.
Q6: A convex mirror used for rear-view on
an automobile has a radius of curvature of
3 m. If a bus is located at 5 m from this
mirror, find the position,nature and size of
the image.

ANSWER: v = 1.15 m. Image is virtual,

erect & magnified
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Q1: An object 4 cm in size is placed at a
distance of 25 cm from a concave mirror of
focal length 15 cm. At what distance from the
mirror should the screen be kept so that a
sharp image of the object can be obtained on
screen?

-20 cm 20 cm
A B

-37.5 cm +35.5 cm
C D
Q1: An object 4 cm in size is placed at a
distance of 25 cm from a concave mirror of
focal length 15 cm. At what distance from the
mirror should the screen be kept so that a
sharp image of the object can be obtained on
screen?
SOLUTION
Q1: An object 4 cm in size is placed at a
distance of 25 cm from a concave mirror of
focal length 15 cm. At what distance from the
mirror should the screen be kept so that a
sharp image of the object can be obtained on
screen?

-20 cm 20 cm
A B

-37.5 cm +35.5 cm
C D
Q2: An object of size 7 cm is placed at 27
cm in front of a concave mirror of focal
length 18 cm. Find the image distance and
also find the size of the image

V = - 54 cm on V = + 54 cm on
same side of object, opposite side of
h’ = -14 cm object, h’ = -14 cm
A B

V = - 38 cm on V = + 38 cm on
same side of object, opposite side of
h’ = - 3.5 cm object, h’ = + 21 cm
C D
Q2: An object of size 7 cm is placed at 27
cm in front of a concave mirror of focal
length 18 cm. Find the image distance and
also find the size of the image
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
Q2: An object of size 7 cm is placed at 27
cm in front of a concave mirror of focal
length 18 cm. Find the image distance and
also find the size of the image

V = - 54 cm on V = + 54 cm on
same side of object, opposite side of
h’ = -14 cm object, h’ = -14 cm
A B

V = - 38 cm on V = + 38 cm on
same side of object, opposite side of
h’ = - 6 cm object, h’ = 21 cm
C D
Q3: An object 4 cm in height is placed at 15 cm
in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10
cm .at what distance from the mirror should a
screen be placed to obtain a sharp image of
the object . Also find the magnification.

V = -24, m = 0.5 V = 24 cm , m =- 0.5

A B

V = - 30 cm, m = -2 V = -30cm , m = 2
C D
Q3: An object 4 cm in height is placed at 15 cm
in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10
cm .at what distance from the mirror should a
screen be placed to obtain a sharp image of
the object . Also find the magnification.
SOLUTION
Q3: An object 4 cm in height is placed at 15 cm
in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10
cm .at what distance from the mirror should a
screen be placed to obtain a sharp image of
the object .Also find the magnification.

V = -24, m = 0.5 V = 24 cm , m =- 0.5

A B

V = - 30 cm, m = -2 V = -30cm , m = 2
C D
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Q4: The focal length of a convex mirror is 10
cm and the object distance is 20 cm.
Determine (a) the image distance (b) the
magnification of image

(a) V = -7.7 cm (a) V = 6.7 cm

(b) m = 0.5 (b) m = 1
A B

(a) V = 7.7 cm (a) V = 6.7 cm

(b) m = 3 (b) m = 0.3
C D
Q4: The focal length of a convex mirror is 10
cm and the object distance is 20 cm.
Determine (a) the image distance (b) the
magnification of image
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
SOLUTION

Magnification = -v/u =-(6.7/-20) = 0.3

m= 0.3 times smaller than the object
The plus sign indicates that the image is upward
Q4: The focal length of a convex mirror is 10
cm and the object distance is 20 cm.
Determine (a) the image distance (b) the
magnification of image

(a) V = -7.7 cm (a) V = 6.7 cm

(b) m = 0.5 (b) m = 1
A B

(a) V = 7.7 cm (a) V = 6.7 cm

(b) m = 3 (b) m = 0.3
C D
Q5: A 2.5cm candle is placed 12 cm away from
a convex mirror of focal length 30cm. Give the
location of the image and the magnification

V = 8.57 cm, m = 0.71 V = 10 cm, m = 1

A B

V = -8.57 cm, m = 0.71 V = -9.9 cm, m = 2.1

C D
Q5: A 2.5cm candle is placed 12cm away from
a convex mirror of focal length 30cm. Give the
location of the image and the magnification
 SOLUTION

Since it is a convex mirror, the image will be virtual

i.e. positive, and the focus also will be positive.
Now.
f = 30 cm and u=-12cm
also, h1 (height of object)= 2.5cm
To find v,
1/f=1/v+1/u
=> 1/30=1/v-1/12
=> 1/v=1/30+1/12
=> 1/v= (2+5 ) /60
=> 1/v= 7/60 cm
=> v-= 60/7 cm or 8.57 cm (approx)

And, Magnification of image (m) = -V/u

=> m = -60/7*(-12)

=> m = 5/7 or 0.71

Q5: A 2.5cm candle is placed 12cm away from
a convex mirror of focal length 30cm. Give the
location of the image and the magnification

V = 8.57 cm, m = 0.71 V = 10 cm, m = 1

A B

V = -8.57 cm, m = 0.71 V = -9.9 cm, m = 2.1

C D
Q6: On object is 20 cm in front of convex
mirror. If the image height is 1/5 times the
object height, determine the image distance
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