RESEARCH

INTRODUCTION:
what is research?
1. It is looking for an answer to a query using the most logical and valid methods.
2. A process of using relevant data with the best methods of analysis that can help the user
develop new knowledge or new insights into the problem.
3. Something was done before and the function of the present researcher is to agree, improve
negate the findings of the previous work.
4. A systematic way of looking at a problem with all the potential tools use to arrive at the most
valid conclusions and generalizations.
EXAMPL ES OF RESEARCH TOPICS:
A. Finding the best method in teaching a particular subject.
B. Selecting the best chemicals that can improve the strength of the best quality of ropes.
C. Determining other staple food that can serve as substitute for rice.
KINDS OF RESEARCH
I. Basic Research- those that deal with the process of objects and things, or information about
different topics such as; relationships, comparative analysis, trends, & projections.
Examples:
A. Relationship between emotional quotient and leadership skills.
B. Relationship between GWA and English grades of college students.
C. Interaction of age and gender on a specific mental ability test.
II. Applied Research- Those that probe into the unknown, using directly the results of a current
problem.
Examples:
A. Studies on rice substitutes.
B. Modern method for gall bladder operations.
C. Different contraceptive for birth control.
D. Modern techniques of tooth treatment.
E. Used of native plants to serve as a substitute for gasoline.
III. Empirical Research- These are more specific than basic researches, but imply their nature
from the use of data, whether quantitative or qualitative. Basically they have the following
important characteristics:
1. Based upon observations and experiences;
2. Derived from direct data;
3. Deal with population samples, and;
4. Generally used estimations and hypothesis testing
Example:
A. Problems that involved differences and relationships of behavior or measurable characteristics.
IV. Pure Research- they do not use empirical or direct data, wherein the laboratory is the
human mind.
-they are geared towards the resolution or a simplification of a problem or derivation of
a concept, a theory or even a formula.
Examples:
A. Theses and dissertation in mathematics, statistics, or physics of students in the graduate school.
SOURCES OF PROBLEMS
I. Subject in the classroom – they spring from the different problems in class discussions, which one
may find in the different interactions with classmates.
Examples:
A. Achievement in a certain subject and the factors that influence it.
B. Interaction of age and gender on the process method of science teaching.
C. The effect of teacher enthusiasm on the learning of academic subjects.
D. Study habits and motivation of 3rd year HS students on academic achievements.
E. Intelligence theories and academic performance.

II. Work Experiences

Examples:
1. Interpersonal relations with co-workers.
2. Causes of faculty mobility in a certain university.
3. The relationship between management styles of school managers and faculty empowerment.
4. Instructional leadership skills of principals and the relationship with organizational effectiveness.

III. Theories with which need empirical support

Examples:
1. Motivation Hygiene Theory with job satisfaction
2. Intelligence Theories on learning and teaching
3. Cost-benefit of hiring contractual workers
4. Holland’s theory with occupational preference

IV. Technological and Science Researches

Examples:
1. Quality of life among people living on the river banks of a certain region
2. Drug Addiction
3. Issues on pollution, global warming, Tsunami, Tornadoes, Earthquakes and others
4. Use of computers in aide of navigation
5. Quality Health Care

V. Offshoots of other Researches- these are recommendations from other researches.

_ Questions on values, opinions, and policies of different organizations found in the
recommendation may also be continue in other research.

VI. Suggestions from friends or administrators

- Suggestions regarding feasibility topics for research may also be solicited.
A. These concerns specialized area of psychology, special education, quality health care and
services, management, anthropology, logic and philosophy among others.
B. Use of psychological incapacity for annulment of marriage, and the issue of battered wives.

VII. Specializations
A. Questions that affect quality of production in business companies, using quality statistical
methods.
B. Feasibility studies in agribusiness, meat processing, fruit preservation and fattening animals.
VIII. Programs
Examples:

A. Topics about medicine, psychology, teaching, management, economics and other fields that are
published in official organs of government or private institutions.

IX. Instructional programs pursued

- Some graduate schools issue a list of researchable topics that are feasible or tenable in
different areas of knowledge.
- Some schools which have research unit provide a research agendum which the students can
pursue and select a topic from.
- Research agenda are generally comprehensive and have plenty of topics to choose from.

X. Management Practices of Organizations which need assessment & improvement

Examples:
A. Rules & regulations in government owned corporations maybe assessed for the purpose of
helping legislators pass better laws
1. Bank scam
2. Overseas employment
3. Technical smuggling in the Bureau of Customs
4. Tax collection
B. The current issues on the change of the legislative chamber should arose the interest of political
researchers.
C. As a last resort, a researcher may visit organizations relevant to his field of interest and inquire
on possible areas that can be researched on relevant to the operations of the organization

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD PROBLEM

1. It should be an interest to the researcher
2. Has practical value to the researcher, school and community
3. It is a current and noble issue
4. It can be finish within the allotted time
5. It should not carry moral or legal impediments
6. The data are available
7. The variables are clear , separable and updated
8. It shall incur expenses affordable to the researcher

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE SELECTION OF THE PROBLEM

- A research paper usually has numerous constraints .
- The following are factors that may limit the successful performance of the project.
1. Availability of data – the most important consideration since one can never do a research with
out data.
2. Funds – one needs funds for questionnaires, data analysis, encoding of the manuscript,
institutional fees, and etc.
3. Capability of the Researcher – One should not write a topic on theory on numbers when one has
not taken the course.
- Thus one should write on topics which he believe he is capable of doing.
4. If Attitudes and Interest of the Researcher – One will be motivated to do the research if one has
the proper attitude and interest in what one is doing.
 5. Interest of the Sponsor or the Benefactors should be Considered – this should not be in conflict
with the interest and capability of the researcher.
6. Importance of the Issues Involved – Topics that are already saturated with findings should be
avoided.
- It must be a topic that is current and likewise popular.
7. Regency of the Issue - It is an event or an issue that is contemporary and of interest to many.
8. Cooperation of Other People – One should be assured of other’s participation who will play an
important part in the research report.
9. Facilities and Instruments are Available

THE RESEARCH TITLE

The following are the considerations/criteria for a good research Title:
1. Should not be long (not more than 15 words)
2. Should include the variables( independent & dependent)
3. Should give insight virtually on what the research is all about.
4. It Should serve as a reference for the whole research
5. It Should enable one o claim the paper as his own.
6. The following words should not be part of the Title ( As Study of; An Analysis of; or An
Investigation of) since all the research are studies, an analysis of variables, and investigations)
7. It is not important to include the date and location of the investigation as these can be discussed
in the scope and delimitation of the study ( population and Locale of the Study; Chapter 2)

POSSIBLE TITLES:
A. The Relationship Between the Vocational Interests and Occupational Interest for First Year High
School Students.
B. The Predictive Efficacy of Academic Preparation of Nurse on the Licensure Board Examination.
C. The Relationship Between Emotional Quotient and Leadership Skills of Managers of a
Manufacturing Film.
D. The Interaction of Age and Gender on the Science Performance of Grade 6 Pupils.
E. Gender Inequality in Mathematics Performance.
F. Total Quality Management as an Organizational Development Intervention on Faculty
Empowerment.
G. Effects of Chemicals on Strength of Ropes.
H. The Influence of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Factors on the GWA of First Year
Communication Arts Students.
I. The Predictive Efficacy of Mark-off Analysis on Market Shares of Different Brands of Soap in Four
Corporations.
J. Major Sources of Stress and Performance of Managers of Top Corporations in Tuguegarao City.
K. Cost-Benefit Analysis in Hiring Contractual Workers in Fast Food Restaurants in Tuguegarao City.
L. The Role of Strategic Planning on the Organizational Effectiveness of Manufacturing Firm.
THEN TITLE PAGE
TYPE THESE TITLE HERE IN AN INVERTED
PYRAMID FORMAT AND SHOULD
NOT EXCEED FIFTEEN WORDS
Note:
1. Title must NOT be in bold case
2. All words are CAPITALIZED
3. Inverted pyramid format
4. NOT to Exceed 15 words
5. Use double-spacing

TITLE PAGE
A Thesis

Presented to

The Faculty of the College of Criminology

Maila Rosario College

Note:
1. Must be in the Title Case
2. Use double spacing

TITLE PAGE
In Partial Fulfilment

Of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Criminology

Note:
1. Must be in the Title Case
2. Use double spacing
By

Given Name Middle Name Surname

Month Year
Note:
1. Must be in the Title Case
2. Use double spacing

THE APPROVAL SHEET

Note:
1. This page is to be prepared is to be prepared by the school secretary
2. Introductory statement contains the thesis title, researcher, degree earned, and etc.
3. Signed by the Research Adviser, Members of the Committee on Oral Examination.
4. Date of Oral Defense and the Grade
THE ABSTRACT
Guidelines: