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Bacteria
•With short generation
span
•Very adaptable

•Bacterial genome:
•one double-stranded,
circular DNA molecule

•Nuceloid – dense region of the DNA bounded

by a membrane

•one or more plasmids – smaller, independent

circular DNA

Bacteria
•Divide by binary fission

THETA
•Preceded by replication of the
bacterial chromosome from a
single origin of replication

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Bacteria
•Genetic Recombination
•combining of DNA from two individuals into a single
genome

•Equivalent to sexual reproduction

•Types:
1. Transformation

2. Transduction

3. Conjugation

Bacteria
•Genetic Recombination
1. Transformation
•Transfer of naked DNA from one bacterial cell to another

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F. Griffith’s experiment demonstrating transformation

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Bacteria
•Genetic Recombination
2. Transduction
•Transfer of DNA through a bacteriophage

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Bacteria
•Genetic Recombination
3. Conjugation
•DNA transfer between 2 temporarily joined bacterial cells

•Facilitated by a sexual pilus

•The ability to form a sex pilus and

donate DNA (‘maleness’),
results from an F factor as a
section of the bacterial
chromosome or as a plasmid

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Hfr Bacteria

•High frequency recombination bacteria

•The F factor is incorporated into the bacterial

chromosome

•Used for chromosome mapping in bacteria through

interrupted mating technique

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F’ State

•Bacterium with an F factor that carries adjacent bacterial

genes

•If an F- bacterium incorporates an F’ factor, then that

bacterium becomes a partial diploid, or merozygote

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SSB
Reverse Transcription PCR
cDNA
Okazaki fragments
CAAT Box
Shine-Dalgarno
Factor sigma
Hogness-Goldberg
Operator
Ribosome

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