Final round

Separations

1. This separation process utilizes the formation of solid particles within a homogeneous
phase
What is Crystallization?
2. This happens when liquid collects into small rivulets and flows along localized baths in a
packed column.
What is Channeling?
3. This process is used to dry foods, vitamins and other heat sensitive products at
temperatures below 0ºC.
What is Lyophilization (or freeze drying)?
4. The percentage ratio of the partial pressure of the vapor to the vapor pressure of the
liquid at the gas temperature.
What is percentage of Relative Humidity?
5. In ternary diagrams, this is the intersection of the raffinate-phase and extract-phase
boundary curves. (The point in which both phases have the same composition)
What is the Plait Point?

Process control

1. This type of function in the Laplace domain relates the output to the input.
What is a transfer function?
2. This is the most common control variable in the Chemical Process Industry.
What is a flow controller? (or what is level controller?
3. The Laplace transform of the function e -at.
What is 1/(s+a)?
4. This type of valve has a plate shaped element which rotates to control gas flow.
What is a butterfly valve? (or Damper valve)
5. A controller that does not have enough of this type of control action will exhibit slow
offset elimination.
What is integral control action?

Heat transfer

1. In this heat transfer equipment, a fluid is a tube bank is heated by a hotter fluid that
makes multiple passes across the tube bank.
What is a shell and tube heat exchanger?
2. This type of heat transfer occurs without any contact between the surfaces.
What is radiation?
3. This is equal to
q
A * ΔTlm
What is U (Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient)?
4. This law describes the power radiated from a black body in terms of its temperature.
 What is the Stefan-Boltzmann Law or Stefan’s Law?
5. This law is expressed as
C1
E bλ  λ, T   = 
 C  
λ 5 exp  2   - 1
  λT  
What is Planck’s Law?

Chemical process safety

1. This is defined as the lowest temperature at which a vapor above a flammable liquid will
ignite briefly.
What is the flash point?
2. These are the 3 steps involved in an accident.
What are initiation, propagation and termination?
3. A dust explosion requires a fuel (dust), oxidizer, ignition source and these 2 conditions
What are suspension and confinement?
4. The method depicted here that is used to qualify and quantify the hazards and risks of a
process.

What is a Fault Tree?

5. This is defined as a rapid expansion of gases resulting in a rapidly moving pressure or
shock wave.
What is an explosion?
6. A Class D fire involves these materials.
What are metals?
7. A standard inerting procedure is to reduce the oxygen concentration to 4% below this
value.
What is the limiting oxygen concentration (LOC)?
8. This phenomenon makes a geometry like the following particularly dangerous during an
explosion.
 

What is pressure piling?

9. These are the minimum voltage and energy of an electrostatic discharge that are
considered hazardous in industrial operations where flammable vapors are present.
 

What are 350 V and 0.1 mJ?

 10. This federal government regulation covers operations involving hazardous wastes that are
conducted at treatment, storage, and disposal facilities
What is the OSHA Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER)?
11. The deflagration index for gases and dusts is calculated by multiplying (dP/dt) max by the
volume (V) raised to this power.
What is 1/3?
12. This type of spring-loaded relief valve is used when high backpressures are present.
What is a balanced bellows?
13. The red area on the NFPA diamond given here represents the level of this hazard.

What is Fire (or Flamability)?

14. These are used instead of spring-operated relief valves when it is desired to keep the relief
line open following the relieving event.
What are rupture discs?
15. The 1974 accident that occurred at Flixborough, England depicted here could have been
prevented through the use of this procedure commonly abbreviated by MOC.

What is Management of Change?

16. From the Greek word meaning “fire-bearing,” this is the term for a compound that is
capable of igniting spontaneously in air.
What is Pyrophoric?

Fluid flow

1. A pump characterized by approximately constant head, but with flowrates that increase or
decrease depending on the system resistance.
What is a centrifugal pump?
2. The fluid type described by the following shear-velocity relationship.
η  du 
τ = τ o  +   
g c  dy 
What is Bingham plastic?
3. A situation where the drag force on a falling object is balanced by the gravitational and
buoyant forces.
What is the terminal velocity?
4. This type of flow can occur when the gravitational driving force exceeds the full pipe
friction loss, e.g., when a liquid is being pumped up and down over hilly terrain.
What is slack flow?
5. The parameters of the Mechanical Energy Balance that can be set ~0 for the following
scenario.
 
-W P2  - P1 g(z 2  - z1 ) v 22  - v12
s
 =   +   +  + F
m
 ρ gc 2g c
What are Ws, the ΔP term, and v1?
6. The following pump curve is consistent with this pump type.

What is a positive displacement pump?

7. This is a limiting condition for gas flow in a pipe in which the mass flow rate will not
increase with a further decrease in the downstream pressure when the upstream pressure
is fixed.
What is choked flow?
8. This phenomenon occurs when the pressure drop across a bed of solid particles exceeds
the total weight of particles in the bed during the upward flow of a fluid.
What is fluidization?
9. The dimensionless number given by the following equation is commonly used in problems
involving falling particles.
d 3ρgΔρ
μ2
What is the Archimedes number?

Thermodynamics

1. The measure of disorder in a system.

What is entropy?
2. The molecules of an ideal gas are assumed to have no volume or ______.
What are intermolecular interactions?
3. The most efficient engine.
What is the Carnot engine?
4. This number of intrinsic properties needed to be determined to fully specify a two-phase
single component system.
What is 1?
5. This law states that in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal
to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
What is Dalton’s Law?
1. A variable that is independent of the path between two states.
What is a state variable?
 2. This is given by the following: F = 2 – π + N.
What is Gibb’s Phase Rule?
3. The third law of thermodynamics specifies this property as zero for perfect crystalline
substances at absolute zero temperature.
What is entropy?
4. A cycle which consists of the following steps: Adiabatic/isochoric/adiabatic/isochoric.
What is the Otto cycle?
5. This parameter is given by

 T 
 
 P  H What is the Joule/Thompson coefficient?

Process design

1. The idea that money available at the present time is worth more than the same amount in
the future.
What is the time value of money?
2. This diagram is used to represent the cash transactions that take place over the course of
a project.
What is a cash-flow diagram?
3. These are the 3 main factors that determine the capital cost of a specific piece of
equipment at a given time.
What are size/capacity, material of construction, and operating pressure?
4. Adverse vapor conditions in a distillation column will cause weeping, foaming, flooding,
and this.
What is entrainment?
5. This transition metal is added to low-alloy steels to increase the strength of the steel at
high temperatures.
What is molybdenum?
6. This represents the fixed capital investment of the plant, minus the value of the land,
evaluated at the end of the plant life.
What is the salvage value?
7. This parameter is equal to
Number of days plant operates per year
.
365
What is the Stream Factor (SF)?
8. Nickel-chromium alloys are known by this name, which is a trademark of the International
Nickel Corporation.
What is Inconel?

Biochemical engineering
1. Model used to describe the effect of substrate concentration on the specific growth rate
as shown here.
μ mS
μ g  = 
K s  + S
What is the Monod equation?
2. This class of enzymes cut DNA at palindromic sequences.
What are restriction endonucleases?
3. The type of plot shown below is commonly used to determine enzyme kinetic parameters.

What is a Lineweaver-Burk plot?

4. This parameter can be found from the following equation that applies to a bioreactor
operating at steady state:
Xq O2
C*O2  - C L,O2
What is the volumetric transfer coefficient (KLa)?
5. This dimensionless number is used to determine mixer power in an aerated bioreactor:

Q
ND3i
What is the aeration number?