Egnos Tutorial: Jaume Sanz Subirana gAGE/UPC, Barcelona, Spain

EGNOS TUTORIAL
research group of Astronomy and Geomatics

Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
Jaume Sanz Subirana

gAGE/UPC,
Barcelona, Spain
gAGE
http://www.gage.upc.edu
JEAGAL, 2004-2005 Hernández-Pajares M., Juan M., Sanz J, Salazar D., Ramos P. 1
"This document has been produced with the

financial assistance of the European Union.
The contents of this document are the sole
responsibility of the authors and can under no
circumstances be regarded as reflecting the
position of the European Union".
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Summary
• Part I: The EGNOS system

– Augmentation Systems
– EGNOS System Architecture
• Part II: EGNOS and Civil Aviation

– Introduction to Civil Aviation Navigation
– The EGNOS benefits
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PART I
The EGNOS System
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What Augmentation is?
• To enhance the performance of the current GNSS

with additional information to:

– Improve INTEGRITY via real-time monitoring
– Improve ACCURACY via differential corrections
– Improve AVAILABILITY and CONTINUITY
• Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS)

– E.g., WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS,…
• Ground Based Augmentation Systems (GBAS)
– E.g., LAAS
• Aircraft Based Augmentation (ABAS)
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– E.g., RAIM, Inertials, Baro Altimeter
Why Augmentation Systems?
• Current GPS/GLONASS Navigation Systems

cannot met the Requirements for All Phases

of Flight:
– Accuracy
– Integrity
– Continuity
– Availability
• Marine and land users will also require

some sort of augmentation for improving
the GPS/ GLONASS performances.
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WHY GNSS NEEDS AN AUGMENTATION ?
GPS Only Civil Aviation
PERFORMANCE CATEGORY I
Requirements
H. 13 m V. 22m ACCURACY (95%) H 16.0 m V 4.0 m
99% (RAIM) AVAILABILITY 99% to 99.990%
2.10-7/ approach
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? INTEGRITY Time to alarm 6 s
? 10-5 / approach
CONTINUITY OF SERVICE (10-6 / 15 s)
Accuracy: Difference between the measured position at any given
time to the actual or true position.
Even with S/A off a Vertical Accuracy< 4m 95% of time

GPS Before
cannot and After
be guarantee S/A
with thewas switched
standalone GPS.off
Colorado Springs, Colorado 2 May 2000
160
140 Horizontal Error (meters)
120 Vertical Error (meters)
100
Instantaneous Error (meters)
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80 ANALYSIS NOTES
-100
-120 - Data taken from Overlook PAN Monitor Station,
equipped with Trimble SVeeSix Receiver
-140
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- Single Frequency Civil Receiver

-160 - Four Satellite Position Solution at Surveyed Benchmark
-180 - Data presented is raw, no smoothing or editing
-200
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time of Day (Hours UTC)
Integrity: Ability of a system to provide timely warnings to users or
to shut itself down when it should not be used for navigation.
Standalone GPS and GLONAS Integrity is Not Guaranteed

GPS/GLONASS Satellites:
• Time to alarm is from minutes to hours
• No indication of quality of service
Health Messages:
• GPS up to 2 hours late
• GLONASS up to 16 hours late
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Continuity: Ability of a system to perform its function without
(unpredicted) interruptions during the intended operation.
Availability: Ability of a system to perform its function at initiation of

intended operation. System availability is the percentage of time
that accuracy, integrity and continuity requirements are met.
Availability and Continuity Must meet requirements
• Continuity:
Less than 10-5 Chance of Aborting
a Procedure Once it is Initiated.
• Availability:
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>99% for every phase of flight (SARPS).
INTEGRITY
NSE
Confidence bound
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• Less than 10-7 probability of true

Alert Limit error larger than confidence bound.
• Time to alarm 6 s
Strong Requirements for the
safety in Civil Aviation
If fault is not declared after:

• Over bound the alarm threshold
• and alarm delay
Thence:
Threshold alarm
Fault of Integrity  Accident risk
Alarm Delay
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? • < 10-5 Chance of Aborting a

Procedure Once it is Initiated.
• Time to alarm 6 s
SBAS and GBAS Navigation Modes
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Aviation Signal-in-Space Performance Requirements
Aviation Accuracy Accuracy Alert Alert Integrity Time Continuity Avail-

(H) 95% (V) 95% Limit (H) Limit (V) to alert ability
ENR 3.7 Km N/A 7400 m N/A 1-10-7/h 5 min. 1-10-4/h 0.99
(2.0 NM) 3700 m to to
1850 m 1-10-8/h 0.99999
TMA 0.74 Km N/A 1850 m N/A 1-10-7/h 15 s 1-10-4/h 0.999
(0.4 NM) to to
1-10-8/h 0.99999
NPA 220 m N/A N/A 1-10-7/h 10 s 1-10-4/h 0.99
(720 ft) 600 m to to
1-10-8/h 0.99999
APV-I 220 m 20 m 600 m 50 m 1-2x10-7 per 10 s 1-8x10-6 in 0.99
(720 ft) (66 ft) approach any 15 s to
0.99999
APV-II 16.0 m 8.0 m 40 m 20 m 1-2x10-7 per 6s 1-8x10-6 in 0.99
(52 ft) (26 ft) approach any 15 s to
0.99999
CAT-I 16.0 m 6.0 - 4.0 m 40 m 15 -10 m 1-2x10-7 per 6s 1-8x10-6 in 0.99

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(52 ft) (20 to 13 ft) approach any 15 s to

0.99999
Maritime Signal-in-Space Performance Requirements
Maritime Accuracy (H) Alert Limit (H) Time Integrity risk

95% to alert (per 3 hours)
Ocean 10m 25m 10sec 10-5
Costal 10m 25m 10 s 10-5
Port approach and 10m 10 s 10-5

restricted waters 25m
Port 1m 2.5m 10 s 10-5
Inland waterways 10m 25m 10 s 10-5

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research group of Astronomy and Geomatics SBAS Concept
The pseurorange error is split in its components.

• Clock error
• Ephemeris error
• Ionospheric error
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• Local errors (troposphere, multipath, receiver noise)
Uses a network of receivers to cover broad geographic area
Error Mitigation
Error GBAS SBAS

component
Satellite clock Estimation and
Ephemeris Common Mode Removal each
error
Ionosphere Differencing component
Troposphere Fixed Model
Multipath and
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Carrier Smoothing by user

Receiver Noise
EGNOS Broadcast Messages (ICAO SARPS)
MSG 0 Don't use this SBAS signal for anything (for SBAS testing)
MSG 1 PRN Mask assignments, set up to 51 of 210 bits

MSG 2 to 5 Fast corrections

MSG 6 Integrity information
MSG 7 Fast correction degradation factor
MSG 8 Reserved for future messages
MSG 9 GEO navigation message (X, Y, Z, time, etc.)
MSG 10 Degradation Parameters
MSG 11 Reserved for future messages
MSG 12 SBAS Network Time/UTC offset parameters
MSG 13 to 16 Reserved for future messages
Many Message Types
Coordinated Through
MSG 17 GEO satellite almanacs
MSG 18 Ionospheric grid point masks
MSG 19 to 23 Reserved for future messages Issues Data (IOD)
MSG 24 Mixed fast corrections/long term satellite error corrections
MSG 25 Long term satellite error corrections
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MSG 26 Ionospheric delay corrections

MSG 27 SBAS outside service volume degradation
MSG 28 to 61 Reserved for future messages
MSG 62 Internal Test Message
MSG 63 Null Message
GEO
Integrity
GPS-like Differential (Use /
signals corrections Don't Use)
+ ACCURACY + SAFETY
+ AVAILABILITY
+ CONTINUITY
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The European Geoestationary Navigation
Overlay SERVICE (EGNOS)
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What EGNOS is?
• EGNOS is the European component of a Satellite

Based Augmentation to GPS and GLONASS.
• EGNOS is being developed under the

responsibility of a tripartite group:
– The European Space Agency (ESA)
– The European Organization for the Safety of Air
Navigation (EUROCONTROL)
– The Commission of the European Union.
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Three existing SBAS Systems
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ECAC Area
(ECAC: European Civil Aviation Conference)
70
Artemis
IOR
AOR-E
60
50
Latitude (°)
40
30
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20
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40
Longitude (°)
EGNOS AOC Architecture
(AOC: Avanced Operational Capability)
GEO
GLONASS
AOR-E GPS
IOR
ARTEMIS
RIMS
NLES
(x 7)
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EWAN
MCC 1 MCC 2 MCC 3 MCC 4 PACF ASQF
EGNOS AOC GROUND NETWORK TOPOLOGY
RIMS for a good GEO RANGING RIMS in ECAC

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NLES MCCs
RIMS MCC NLES ASQF PACF
75
70
TRO
MMK
65
RKK FER
TRD
60
STK
SPT
GLG
ALB
55
LON
RST
CCV
50 CRK
FRK
ECAC TLS
ZRH
45 SOF
SDC SBT TBL
MAD
40 ROM
LSB MAL
PDM KON
ACR
CTN
35
MAD
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DJA TAV
30 MMT
CNR1
25
-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
Ranging & Integrity Monitoring Station
(RIMS)
33 RIMS in EGNOS +1
specific RIMS for UTC time

GPS GLONASS GEO

L1 / L2 L1 L1
Antenna Local Maintenance

Equipment
&
SYNC Local Maintenance
Pre- amplifier Core
RIMS Computer Operator
Receiver DATA
RIMS
RIMS DATA
Atomic
Receiver SET Clock Power Supply
&
Air conditioning
FEE
EWAN
RIMS
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Core SET
CCF CPF
Ranging & Integrity Monitoring Station (RIMS)
• Main Functions:
– perform Pseudorange code / Phase measurements

towards SVi’s (GPS L1 and L2 + GEO/GLO L1)
– demodulate SIS messages
– mitigate local multipath and interferences
– support SIS anomalies detection (e.g. EWF GPS/GEO)
– packets & transmits data to MCC’s via FEE/EWAN
– provide BITE and M&C capabilities
– provide time offset UTC(k) /ENT (UTC RIMS)
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• 33 RIMS in EGNOS +1 specific RIMS for UTC Time I/F
Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Master Control Center (MCC)
Check Processing Check

EWAN
FEE
CPF Central Processing Facility
EWAN
FEE
CCF Central Control Facility
Monitor Monitor ISDN

Ground mission Archive ATC I/f
Segment
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PACF
Master Control Center (MCC)
• MCC is Subdivided into
– CCF (Central Control Facility)

• Monitoring and control EGNOS G/S
• Mission Monitoring and archive
• ATC I/F
– CPF (Central Processing Facility)

• Provides EGNOS WAD corrections
• Ensures the Integrity of the EGNOS users
• Utilises independent RIMS channels for checking of corrections
• Real time software system developed to high software standards
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• 4 MCCs will be implemented in EGNOS
CPF Functionality
Processing Set Check Set
• RIMS A data flows • RIMS B data flows

• Clock corrections for GPS • RIMS C data flows (EWF)
and GLONASS • Checks before uplink to
• Orbit determination users
• Ionospheric corrections • Checks after downlink to
• Provides Confidence in users
corrections produced • Interfaces with Processing
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(UDRE and GIVE) Set for error isolation
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CCF: Global Accuracy display
Navigation Land Earth Station
(NLES)
Uplink the EGNOS message with

GEO GPS
the GEO ranging signal to GEO.
FDN
FUP
GEO L1 L1/L2
GEO L1
• Generate GPS-like
Frequencies
Band signal
FUP and
FDN
transmit it to GEO transponder.
in MHz
INMARSAT 3 C 6455.42 3630.42
• Maintaining
ARTEMIS synchronization
Ku 13875 of
12748 RF
the message with GPS time.
FUP-R
FDN
Integrity
L1
CALDN
CALL1
FUP
Box
ON/OFF
RF Adapter
Monitoring & Conrol
FUP-RL1
FDNL1
70.42 MHz
L1
CALL1
10 MHz Distribution
Core
Frequency Long 1 PPS
Receiver
Standard Loop
Rx message
message
Offset
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1 PPS
Time
GEO
Tx message
CPF Ground EWAN Core

Communication GPS / GEOs / GLONASS phase and code
CCF Network FEE Computer 1 PPS raw measurements
Navigation Land Earth Station (NLES)
• Main Functions:
– Generation of a GPS-like signal and transmission to a

GEO transponder
– Synchronisation of this signal to the EGNOS time
(ENT) at the output of the GEO L1-band antenna
– Control of the code/carrier coherency
– Transmission of EGNOS messages to the GEO
– Integrity Box to ensure that what is broadcast by the
GEO is what is sent
• 7 NLES will be implemented for EGNOS AOC
– 5 INMARSAT
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– 2 ARTEMIS
Geostationary satellite Broadcast Areas
(GBA)
80
60
40
20
0
AOR -E IOR
-20
(15.5°W) (65.5°E)
INMARSAT INMARSAT
-40
PRN120 Artemis PRN131
21.5 E
(15°E)
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-60
-80
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
EGNOS Wide Area Network
(EWAN)
 Function
 Links all EGNOS components
RIMS RIMS
RIMS RIMS
 Link types: RIMS NLES1 RIMS
 MCC-MCC MCC1 MCC2

 High capacity
 EWAN's backbone NLES4 NLES2
 MCC-NLES
MCC4 MCC3
 Ensures link with GEO's
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RIMS NLES3 RIMS

RIMS RIMS
 MCC-RIMS RIMS RIMS
 Frame Relay or VSAT
EGNOS System Test Bed (ESTB)
Ready for Application Demonstrations
AOR-E
IOR
ESTB
Reference station
ESTB
Processing Facility
NLES
Kourou
gAGE
(French Guyana)
Hartebeeshoek
European (South Africa)
Commission
The EGNOS System Test Bed
(ESTB)
• Under ESA Contract, European industry has set-up an

EGNOS test bed (fully operational since Feb. 2000) .

The ESTB is a full-scale real-time prototype of the
final EGNOS system.
• ESTB main objectives are:

– to have an assessment of the global performance
achievable with EGNOS
– to analyze in depth specific critical design issues or
trade-off’s between several options
– to develop and validate system test methods
– to demonstrate to the final users the system operation,
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– to provide a representative tool for Civil Aviations to

build up SBAS practical experience
EGNOS Operational Milestones
Initial trials
System Definition
Initial
Phase Start October 98
January 96
Development/ Validation Validation Operational/

Detailed Design
implementation (ESA). certification.
21 months 21 months 9 months 24 months
Advanced
Operational
Capability
Start July 2000 April 2002 January 2003 Service operative
(AOC)
October 98 January 2005
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Program ARTES-9 (ESA)
Switzerland Others 214 M EUR

Norway 2% 4%
Italy 2% France
14% 32%
United Kingdom
16%
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Austria
1% Germany
Netherlands 15%
1% Portugal Spain
2% 11%
EGNOS Benefits
• Aviation, maritime navigation, Railways.

• Road community: car navigation, fleet management,
road pricing, autonomous vehicle guidance, etc.
• Timing and telecommunications: synchronization of
internet nodes; synchronization of mobile base stations,
etc.
• Agriculture: precision farming, GIS applications,
automation of mobile agriculture, etc).
• Many others: fishery, search and rescue, land
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surveying, meteorology, land survey, leisure, etc.
Role of EGNOS in GALILEO
EGNOS is the first step to Galileo and part of the European Satellite
Navigation Strategy. It will become operational in 2005 and is partially
funded by air traffic services providers. EGNOS will remain fully compliant
with the ICAO SBAS SARPS and be interoperable with WAAS.
EGNOS will pave the way and reduce the risks for GALILEO in different
domains:
Technical aspects (I.e. integrity).
Operational experience.
Certification process.
Institutional framework…..
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EGNOS Operational Milestones
TEST BED
- Ranging + GIC + WAD test signals

- development and operations support
- as from mid 1998
AOC
- Ranging + GIC + WAD Operational
- En-Route, NPA, IPV, CAT-I primary means
- in 2005
EGNOS FOC& integration in GALILEO

-Need to guarantee EGNOS GEOs continuity
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- Sole means operation

- Several scenarios are currently under analysis for
EGNOS integration into Galileo.
A vision for services evolution: 3 phases.
2003 2008 ~ 2015 Long term
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
EGNOS service GALILEO+ EGNOS GALILEO

(GEO) services services
(MEO and GEO) (MEO)
GALILEO & GPS integrity by MEO

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This transition plan will be flexible to accommodate long term market

demands and user needs.
WAAS (US) & EGNOS & MSAS (Japan):
first step towards service guarantees
EGNOS: ♦ Complement to GPS and GLONASS with

2 Inmarsat / 1 Artemis Transponders
♦ First step towards GALILEO
♦ Interoperable with WAAS and MSAS
GPS-type
(Ranging) Signal Correction signals Integrity
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higher availability
meter accuracy
service guarantee
PART II
EGNOS and Civil Aviation
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Civil Aviation Navigation
• VFR : Visual Flight Rules

Visibility better than 5 Km – 8 Km
• IFR : Instrumental Flight Rules

Radionavigation Aids
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Non Directional Beacon (NDB)
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VHF Omnidirectional Ranger (VOR)
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Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
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Instrumental Landing System (ILS)
LOCALIZER
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GLIDE SLOPE
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Horizontal and Vertical guidance
Radar Vectoring
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Phases of flight
Terminal En route Terminal
Manouvering Area Manouvering Area

(TMA) (TMA)
Final App Taxi Missed

Taxi Take off Departure Cruise Arrival Approach
landing Approach
VOR
VOR
DME
DME Non Precision ILS Precision
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NDB
NDB 3D
Radar Vectoring
2D
2D
gAGE research group of Astronomy and Geomatics
JEAGAL, 2004-2005
IFR Cruise
Hernández-Pajares M., Juan M., Sanz J, Salazar D., Ramos P.

56
JEAGAL, 2004-2005
IFR Arrivals

57
JEAGAL, 2004-2005
IFR Approach

58
JEAGAL, 2004-2005
Avionics

59
JEAGAL, 2004-2005
Avionics

60
RNAV concept
• RNAV = Area Navigation

Navigation using flight tracks joining ANY

two points without the need for the overfly
of specific ground facilities.
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Basic RNAV (B-RNAV) = +/- 5NM accuracy

Precision RNAV (P-RNAV) = +/- 1NM accuracy
RNAV concept
• RNAV = Area Navigation

Navigation using flight tracks joining ANY

two points without the need for the overfly
of specific ground facilities.
• More flexibility
• Less fuel consumption
• Delay reduction (bottle necks)
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• Noise reduction
RNAV concept
RNAV (Area Navigation)

– VOR/DME
– DME/DME
– INS
– LORAN C
– GPS + RAIM
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RNAV concept

– VOR/DME
– DME/DME
– INS
– LORAN C
– GPS + RAIM
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RNAV concept

– VOR/DME
– DME/DME
– INS
– LORAN C
– GPS + RAIM 415427N
022343E
410315N
002635E
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403519N
011456E
RNAV application (Spain)
B-RNAV B-RNAV P-RNAV free
routes routes routes?

FL 245
Optional B-RNAV
routes FL 150
Optional 4D RNAV?
Conventional Conventional
B-RNAV
routes routes
routes
TMA P-RNAV
Exceptional Optional P-RNAV procedures?
B-RNAV procedures procedures Vertical
Conventional Guidance
Conventional
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procedures procedures
4D RNAV?
1998 Mar 2003 2005

RNAV application (Spain)
B-RNAV B-RNAV P-RNAV free
routes routes routes?

FL 245
DME
Optional B-RNAV
routes FL DME/DME
150
VOR/DME Optional 4D RNAV?
Conventional Conventional
B-RNAV
routes routes
routes
TMA P-RNAV
Exceptional Optional P-RNAV procedures?
procedures
Galileo
B-RNAV procedures Vertical
EGNOS Guidance
Conventional
GPS Conventional
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procedures procedures
4D RNAV?
1998 Mar 2003 2005

Vertical Guidance
Nowadays RNAV procedures are only 2D
For precision approaches Vertical Guidance is also needed
Decision Height Visibility
CAT - I 200 ft (60m) > 800 m
CAT - II 100 ft (30m) > 400 m
CAT - III 100 ft - 0 ft * > 400 m - 0 m *

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* Variable in function of aircraft , crew, airport facilities,... certification
Vertical Guidance
EGNOS is designed to meet P-RNAV with

vertical guidance (APV)
ILS EGNOS
Very precise approaches: CAT-I performnances
CATI, CATII, CATIII
Straight approaches Curved approaches
Local coverage Global coverage with constant

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accuracy
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See [3]: Approaching Nice with the EGNOS System Test Bed. Satellite Navigation and Positioning world show, NavSat 2001.
Benefits of EGNOS
in Civil Aviation
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Bibliography
1. J. Ventura-Travesset, P. Michael and L. Gautier, 2001.
Architecture, Mission and signal processing aspects of the
EGNOS System: the first European implementation of GNSS.

http://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/egnos/estb/Publications.
2. Todd Walter, 1999. WAAS MOPS: Practical Examples. ION
National Technical Meeting Proceedings, Sant Diego, California,
USA. http://waas.stanford.edu/.
3. S. Soley, E. Breeuwer, R. Farnworth, J.P. Dupont, Y. Coutier,
2001, Approaching Nice with the EGNOS System Test Bed.
Satellite Navigation and Positioning world show, NavSat 2001.
http://www.eurocontrol.fr/projects/sbas.
4. Minimum Operational Performances Standards for Global
Positioning System / Wide Area Airborne Equipment. RTCA/Doc
229A, June 1998.
5. M. Hernández-Pajares, J.M. Juan and J. Sanz, 2002. GPS Data
processing: Code and Phase. Algorithms, Techniques and
Recipes. http://www.gage.es (in Spanish and English)
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6. M. Hernández-Pajares, J.M. Juan and J. Sanz, X. Prats, J. Baeta.

Basic Research Utilities for SBAS (BRUS). V Geomatics Week.
Barcelona, 2003.
That’s all,
Thank you
gAGE
for your attention!


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EGNOS TUTORIAL

research group of Astronomy and Geomatics

Jaume Sanz Subirana

"This document has been produced with the

• Part I: The EGNOS system

• Part II: EGNOS and Civil Aviation

• To enhance the performance of the current GNSS

with additional information to:

• Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS)

– E.g., RAIM, Inertials, Baro Altimeter

• Current GPS/GLONASS Navigation Systems

cannot met the Requirements for All Phases

• Marine and land users will also require

GPS Only Civil Aviation

H. 13 m V. 22m ACCURACY (95%) H 16.0 m V 4.0 m

99% (RAIM) AVAILABILITY 99% to 99.990%

? INTEGRITY Time to alarm 6 s

Even with S/A off a Vertical Accuracy< 4m 95% of time

- Single Frequency Civil Receiver

Standalone GPS and GLONAS Integrity is Not Guaranteed

Availability: Ability of a system to perform its function at initiation of

Availability and Continuity Must meet requirements

>99% for every phase of flight (SARPS).

• Less than 10-7 probability of true

If fault is not declared after:

? • < 10-5 Chance of Aborting a

Aviation Accuracy Accuracy Alert Alert Integrity Time Continuity Avail-

CAT-I 16.0 m 6.0 - 4.0 m 40 m 15 -10 m 1-2x10-7 per 6s 1-8x10-6 in 0.99

(52 ft) (20 to 13 ft) approach any 15 s to

Maritime Accuracy (H) Alert Limit (H) Time Integrity risk

Costal 10m 25m 10 s 10-5

Port approach and 10m 10 s 10-5

Inland waterways 10m 25m 10 s 10-5

The pseurorange error is split in its components.

• Local errors (troposphere, multipath, receiver noise)

Uses a network of receivers to cover broad geographic area

Error GBAS SBAS

Troposphere Fixed Model

Carrier Smoothing by user

MSG 1 PRN Mask assignments, set up to 51 of 210 bits

MSG 2 to 5 Fast corrections

MSG 26 Ionospheric delay corrections

• EGNOS is the European component of a Satellite

• EGNOS is being developed under the

MCC 1 MCC 2 MCC 3 MCC 4 PACF ASQF

RIMS for a good GEO RANGING RIMS in ECAC

specific RIMS for UTC time

GPS GLONASS GEO

Antenna Local Maintenance

– perform Pseudorange code / Phase measurements

• 33 RIMS in EGNOS +1 specific RIMS for UTC Time I/F

Check Processing Check

Monitor Monitor ISDN

– CCF (Central Control Facility)

– CPF (Central Processing Facility)

• 4 MCCs will be implemented in EGNOS

Processing Set Check Set

• RIMS A data flows • RIMS B data flows

(UDRE and GIVE) Set for error isolation

CCF: Global Accuracy display

Uplink the EGNOS message with

the message with GPS time.

CPF Ground EWAN Core