Course Aggregates (Granite):

Mass of oven-dry sample A = 1991 g

Mass of SSD sample in air B = 2005 g
Mass of SSD sample in water C = 1276 g

A 1991
Bulk Specific Gravity = = =2.731
B−C 2005−1276

B 2005
SSD Specific Gravity = = =2.750
B−C 2005−1276

A 1991
Apparent Specific Gravity = = =2.785
A−C 1991−1276

B− A 2005−1991
Water Absorption = × 100 %= ×100 %=0.703 %
A 1991

Fine Aggregates (Sand):

Mass of oven-dry sample A = 492.3 g
Mass of SSD sample in air B = 501.8 g
Mass of SSD sample in water C = 306.9 g

A 492.3
Bulk Specific Gravity = = =2.526
B−C 501.8−306.9

B 501.8
SSD Specific Gravity = = =2.575
B−C 501.8−306.9

A 492.3
Apparent Specific Gravity = = =2.655
A−C 492.3−306.9

B− A 501.8−492.3
Water Absorption = × 100 %= × 100 %=1.930 %
A 492.3

Internal
Internal
 Example Mix Design

Apparent Specific Gravity of Coarse Aggregate (Granite), SGCA = 2.785

Apparent Specific Gravity of Fine Aggregate, (Sand) SGFA = 2.655
Specific Gravity of Filler (Portland Cement), SGFIL = 3.1
Specific Gravity of Binder (80-Pen) SGB = 1.02

Water Absorption of Course Aggregate = 0.703%

Water Absorption of Fine Aggregate = 1.930%

Coarse Aggregate = 38%

Fine Aggregate = 59%
Filler = 3%
100
SG AGG=
Specific Gravity of Mixed Aggregate %CA %FA %FIL
( )( )(
SG CA
+
SG FA
+
SG FIL )
100
SG AGG= =2.715
38 59 3
( 2.785)(
+
2.655
+ )( )
3.1

(1) Binder Content = 3.5%

Height = 63.2 mm
Weight in Air, WA = 1205 g
Weight in Water, WW = 701.5 g

WA 1205
Bulk Specific Gravity, SG bulk= = =2.393
W A −W W ( 1205−701.5 )

100
SGmax=
%B 100−%B
Max. Theoretical Specific Gravity,
(( ) (
SG B
+
SG AGG ))
100 100
SGmax= = =2.566
3.5 100−3.5
(( SG%B )+( 100−%B
B SG )) (( ) (
AGG 1.02
+
2.715 ))

Internal
 SGmax −SG bulk
Air Void (Porosity) P=100 ( SG max )
P=100 ( 2.566−2.393
2.566 )=6.74 %
( SGbulk ) ( 100−%B )
Voids in Mineral Aggregate VMA=100− ( SG AGG )
( 2.393 ) (100−3.5 )
VMA=100− ( 2.715 )
=14.94 %

(2) Binder Content = 4.0%

Height = 61.8 mm
Weight in Air, WA = 1200.8 g
Weight in Water, WW = 703.2 g

WA 1200.8
Bulk Specific Gravity, SG bulk= = =2.413
W A −W W ( 1200.8−703.2 )

100
SGmax=
%B 100−%B
Max. Theoretical Specific Gravity,
(( ) (
SG B
+
SG AGG ))
100 100
SGmax= = =2.546
%B 100−%B 4.0 100−4.0
(( ) (
SG B
+
SG AGG )) (( ) (1.02
+
2.715 ))
SGmax −SG bulk
Air Void (Porosity) P=100 ( SG max )
P=100 ( 2.566−2.413
2.566 )=5.96 %
Internal
 ( SGbulk ) ( 100−%B )
Voids in Mineral Aggregate
(
VMA=100−
SG AGG )
( ( 2.4132.715
VMA=100−
) (100−4.0 )
)=14.68 %

Internal