CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

TAKING SAMPLES OF CHEMICAL, WATER AND

STEAM
Document Code: HEI-IMS-CHEM-SOP01 Page: 1 of 8

TAKING SAMPLES OF CHEMICAL, WATER AND STEAM

(Clause 8.5, 9.1 of ISO 9001:2015, 9.1 of ISO 14001:2015)

Lead OPS Plant Plant

Chemist Manager Manager Manager
Issued for HEI HEI QATPL HEI
00 Jan 2019
Implementation Muham Muham Mehdi
Ashar Ishfaq
mad mad Hassan
Khan
Janhanze Akhtar Bhatti
b
Issue
Rev Description Prepared by Checked by Checked by Approved by
Date
 CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

TAKING SAMPLES OF CHEMICAL, WATER AND

STEAM
Document Code: HEI-IMS-CHEM-SOP01 Page: 2 of 8

1.0 DOCUMENT HISTORY

2.0 PURPOSE

3.0 SCOPE

4.0 RESPONSIBILITIES

5.0 PROCEDURE

5.0 RELATED DOCUMENTS

 CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

TAKING SAMPLES OF CHEMICAL, WATER AND

STEAM
Document Code: HEI-IMS-CHEM-SOP01 Page: 3 of 8

DOCUMENT HISTORY
REV. # DATE PAGE # SECTION DCR# NATURE OF AMENDMENT

* All changes made in the document are notified in the Document History. For details of
amendments, please refer to relevant DCR (Doc. Change Request).

1. PURPOSE
 CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

TAKING SAMPLES OF CHEMICAL, WATER AND

STEAM
Document Code: HEI-IMS-CHEM-SOP01 Page: 4 of 8

The purpose of this document is to:

1.1 Provide a system and instructions, and to assign responsibilities for

collecting, receiving and managing Chemical samples in the Chemical
Laboratories for analysis.

1.2 Define methodology to take samples of different materials These methods are
applicable to sampling industrial water supplies from sources such as wells,
streams, reservoirs, pipe lines, processing tanks, towers and filters etc.

1.3 The purpose of sampling is to select a portion from bulk, to study its
characteristics and to apply the results obtained to the whole lot.

2. SCOPE

This instruction covers the collecting, receiving and managing of samples for chemical
analysis in Chemical Laboratories. This procedure is primarily applicable to Chemical
and Maintenance Sections of Quaid e Azam thermal power plant, Bhikki.

This procedure outlines tests to ensure the quality of the following media:

 HRSG Water and Steam.

 Water Treatment Plant water.
 Closed Cooling Water System.
 Auxiliary cooling water systems
 Turbine Lubricating Oil.
 Transformer Oil.
 Hydraulic fluids.
 Bulk Chemicals.
 Power Plant effluent water

3. RESPONSIBILITIES

3.1. Plant Manager

Plant Manager ensures that sampling is carried out by the Chemical and
Maintenance Sections according to OEM procedure.

3.2. Lead Chemist

Organizing all sampling & analysis required to ensure compliance with OEM
standards.
Maintaining records of sampling analysis, calibrations, measurements, tests and
surveys undertaken.
Ensuring that sampling is carried out correctly and according to procedure
3.3. Assistant Chemist
Responsible for taking samples correctly and according to procedure.
Assistant lab chemist/Helper will perform the activities.
 CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

TAKING SAMPLES OF CHEMICAL, WATER AND

STEAM
Document Code: HEI-IMS-CHEM-SOP01 Page: 5 of 8

3.4. Department heads

Maintenance Department Heads will manage to collect Sample of Hydraulic

Fluid, Transformer Oil, Lubricating oil & Diesel Engine oil etc. and send to
Testing Laboratories for analysis as per PM schedule.
4. PROCEDURE

4.1. General Rules:

The following general rules are applicable to all sampling methods:

i) The sample must represent the conditions existing at the point taken.

ii) The sample must be in sufficient quantity, and must be taken frequently
enough to permit an accuracy of testing requisite for the desired objective, as
conditioned by the method of analysis to be employed.

iii) The sample must be collected, packed and labeled prior to analysis in a
manner that safeguard against change in the particular constituent or properties
to be examined.

4.2. Equipment:

i) Sampling Lines: Sampling lines should be as short as possible, of smallest

practicable bore to facilitate flushing of sufficient strength to prevent structural
failure, and made from suitable material.

ii) Valves and fittings: Valves and fittings should be made from material similar to
those used in the sampling lines.

iii) Sample Cooler: If steam or hot water is to be sampled, the cooler must be
designed so that sufficient sample can be obtained to be representative.
Stainless steel 18%, Cr-8%, Ni is most suitable material for its fabrication.

iv) Sample Container: Sample container should be made of material that will not
contaminate the sample, and before use shall be cleaned thoroughly. Chemically
resistant glass and polyethylene are suitable.

4.3. Point of sampling:

Choose the point of sampling with extreme care so that a representative sample
of the water to be tested is obtained, choose sampling points in pipe lines,
conduits, tanks, vats, filters, deionizing processes, surface condensers,
evaporators or condensate return lines with respect to the characteristics of the
individual piece of equipment containing the water to be tested, the character and
changes occurring between the inlet and outlet water and rate of passage
through equipment. Again, take care a representative sample is ensured by
 CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

TAKING SAMPLES OF CHEMICAL, WATER AND

STEAM
Document Code: HEI-IMS-CHEM-SOP01 Page: 6 of 8

allowing mixing to take place. Avoid taking the sample along the wall of the pipe
or conduit but take it within the stream.
In the absence of any other sampling connections, take samples from water-level
or gage-glass drain lines or petcocks. Such samples are not representative of the
average composition of the water in the vessel.

4.4. Taking the sample:

i) Clean the sample container thoroughly, and then rinse with distilled water.

ii) Regulate the rate of flow to not more than 500 ml per minute, after first flushing
the sample line at a rate high enough to remove all sediments and gas pockets.

iii) When sampling water from cocks or valves, insert the sample line or a
thoroughly washed glass or sulfur-free rubber tube extension of the sample line,
into the sampling bottle so that it touches the bottom. Allow a volume of water
equal to at least ten times the volume of the sample container to flow into and
overflow from the container before the sample is taken.

iv) Where contact with air would cause a change in the concentration of a
constituent to be determined, take the sample out of contact with air and
completely fill the container.

4.5. Water from boilers:

i) Before collecting the sample, purge the sample lines of stagnant water and
sediment by means of a hot free blow, or by a cooled and regulated flow of water
for sufficient time to complete its purpose. Take precautions to avoid dilution by
condensed steam or concentration due to flushing.

ii) Before taking the sample, establish a continuous flow of not less than 500 ml,
per min; cooled to 100oF with the help of sample cooler.

iii) Before taking the sample, rinse the sample container at least three times by
filling it to one fourth of its capacity with boiler water, shaking, then emptying.

iv) Collect the boiler water sample by upward displacement through a tube
extending to the bottom of the container, allow the container to overflow at least
five volumes, then stopper the container with a stopper previously rinsed with the
sample water.

4.6. Steam Sampling:

i) Before sampling, blow steam through the sample line to remove any material
that may have deposited in it.

ii) Adjust cooling, then adjust the flow rate to that desired during sampling and
flow the sample at this rate for 1 hour.
 CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

TAKING SAMPLES OF CHEMICAL, WATER AND

STEAM
Document Code: HEI-IMS-CHEM-SOP01 Page: 7 of 8

iii) When samples of condensate are collected for evaporative analysis, take
thoroughly clean containers.

iv) Samples should be analyzed as soon as possible after collection.

v) When dissolved gases are to be determined, cool the sample to 20°C or lower.

vi) When the condensed sample is to be analyzed by electrical conductance

method, cool it to 25°C.

4.7. Wastes Water.

i) Follow steps (4.1) to (4.4) given in section 4, if sample is to be collected from

pipe line.

ii) For sampling of unconfined industrial waste water at any specific depth in
ponds, lagoons, reservoirs, etc. Where contact with air or agitation of the water
would cause a change in concentration or characteristics of a constituent to be
determined, use a sampling apparatus so constructed that the solution at the
depth to be sampled flows through a tube to the bottom of the container.

4.8. Labeling:

After the collection of samples in the container, label it properly. For this purpose,
a gummed label or a linen tag should securely affixed to the container. Following
information is necessary to be provided:

i) Sample number

ii) Date and time of sampling

iii) Source of sampling

iv) Point of sampling.

4.9. Analysis and Time Interval:

In general, allow as short a time as possible to elapse between the collection of a

sample and its analysis. The actual time which may be allowed to intervene between the
collection and analysis of a sample varies with the type of examination to be conducted,
the character of the sample, and the time interval allowable for applying corrective
treatment.

Make the determination of dissolved gases, e.g. O2, H2S and CO2 at the source,
except that in some cases such constituents may be fixed and determined later, e.g.
hydrazine, oxygen.
 CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

TAKING SAMPLES OF CHEMICAL, WATER AND

STEAM
Document Code: HEI-IMS-CHEM-SOP01 Page: 8 of 8

4.10. Shipping:

The stoppers closing the sample containers should be fixed in place by wire, tape
or cord to prevent leakage in transit. Always leave 1% of the volumetric capacity
of the container empty for expansion of liquid.

The sample shipping container should have a separate compartment for each
sample container. Each container should be lined around with suitable packing
material.

5. RELATED DOCUMENTS

ASTM D-510, D-860, D-1066, D-1192 & D-1496.