Question 1

The maximum value of the angle of tilt is tan−1(μs)

 
The normal reaction between the block and the rough plane is Wcos(tan−1(μs))
 
The friction between the block and the rough plane is μs(Wcos(tan−1(μs)))

Explanation:
From the question, we get information
The dimension of uniform block (V) = 10 cm x 10 cm x 20 cm
The weight (W) = 8.0 N
the coefficient of static friction is μs
 
Using the Newton's second law, the maximum value of the angle of tilt (θ) is
ΣFx=0
Wx−f=0
Wx=f
Wsinθ=f
sinθ=Wf
 
ΣFy=0
N−Wy=0
N=Wy
N=Wcosθ
cosθ=WN
 
cosθsinθ=WNWf
tanθ=Nf
tanθ=NμsN
tanθ=μs
θ= tan−1(μs)
 
The normal reaction between the block and the rough plane (N) is
N=Wcosθ
N= Wcos(tan−1(μs))
 
The friction between the block and the rough plane (f) is
f=μsN
f= μs(Wcos(tan−1(μs)))
Question 2
The balloon can carry 15 passengers at maximum capacity.

Explanation:
Given that the air inside the balloon is 75% the density of air, the balloon
experiences an upthrust force of magnitude equivalent to the weight of air of volume
equal to 25% the volume of the balloon.
Solve for the volume of the sphere.
Volume=4/3πr³
=4/3×3.142×10³=4188.286m³
If total volume of the sphere is 4188.286m³, then the upthrust force is equivalent to
the weight of
25/100×4188.286=1047.07m³
The upthrust force=(volume×density of air)g
Fupthrust=1047.07×1.3kg/m³
Fupthrust=1361.2kg×9.82=13,366.9N
Balloon passenger capacity=Upthrust force/per individual weight

Balloon passenger capacity=13366.9/850=15.7

The balloon can carry 15 passengers at maximum capacity.