PAULA ANDREA CARO BAEZ

FLUIDOS II G 2

Example 1. Air at 40 °C and 101.325 kPa absolute pressure flows past a sphere having a diameter 0.50
mm at a velocity of 25 m/s. What is the drag coefficiente (CD )and the force (FD) on the sphere?

Air properties at 40 °c and 101.325Kpa

𝐾𝑔
ρ: 1.127 𝑚3

𝑁.𝑠
µ: 1.91𝑋10−5 𝑚2

Calculating the number of Reynolds:

𝑣∗ρ∗D
#𝑅𝑒 = µ
25𝑚 𝐾𝑔
∗ 1.127 3 ∗ 0.0005m
#𝑅𝑒 = 𝑠 𝑚
= 737.56
−5 𝑁. 𝑠
1.91𝑋10
𝑚2

Since the number of reynolds was D < 2.6x105, the following equation was used:

[1]

Taking as a reference of 1,000, we take the constants of table 1 Parameters of the Haider-
Levenspiel correlation for drag coefficient (CD)
 𝐶 24 0.451
𝐷= [1+0.1806(737.56)0.6459 ]+ 6880.95 =0.49
737.56
[1+ ]
737.56

𝐶 2𝐹𝐷
𝐷= [2]
𝐴𝑝∗ 𝜌∗𝑣 2

Clearing from equation 2 the variable FD:

0.49(𝜋(0.0005)2 )(1.127) ∗ (25)2

𝐹𝐷 = = 1.1355𝑋10−4 𝑁
2

Example 2. Water at 30 °C is flowing past a long cylinder at a velocity of 1.5 m/s in a large tunnel. The axis of
the cylinder is perpendicular to the direction of flow. The diameter of cylinder is 0.10 m and the length is 1.0
m. What is the force (FD) perlength on the cylinder?

Water properties at 30°C

𝐾𝑔
ρ: 995.7 𝑚3

𝑁.𝑠
µ: 0.80𝑋10−5
𝑚2

0.10𝑚 2
V= πr2h =(𝜋 ( ) (1𝑚)=7.85x10-3m3
2

Once the volume is calculated, the equivalent diameter will be calculated

𝐷 6∗𝑉𝑝 1 → 𝐷 6∗(7.85x10−3) 13
𝑒𝑞=( 𝜋 )3 [4] 𝑒𝑞=( 𝜋 ) = 0.24𝑚

𝑚 𝐾𝑔
1.5 𝑠 ∗ 995.7 3 ∗ 0.10m3
#𝑅𝑒 = 𝑚 = 448065
−5 𝑁. 𝑠
0.80𝑋10
𝑚2
A= π*D*L + π*D2/2 = (π)(0.1)(1) + (π)(0.1)2/2 =0.33m2

Table 1. CD values for disks, cylinders and spheres

taking Cylinder with the axis perpendicular to the flow from 0.33

(0.33)(0.33)(995.7)(1.5)2
𝐹𝐷 = = 121.985𝑁
2

Example 3. A fireplace of a restaurant having a length of 5.0 m and a diameter of 0.50 m.

A windy day the fireplace is exposed to a maximum wind of 50 m/s at 35 °C and 101.325
kPa. What is the drag coefficiente (CD) and the force (FD) on the fireplace, if the cylinder is
placed in form vertical? Repeat the calculations for a cylinder placed in horizontal form.

Water properties at 35°C

𝐾𝑔
ρ: 1.145 𝑚3

µ: 01.895𝑋10−5 𝑁.𝑠
𝑚2

0.5𝑚 2
V= πr2h =(𝜋 ( ) (5𝑚)=0.98x10-3m3
2

𝐷 6∗𝑉𝑝 1 → 𝐷 6∗(0.98x10−3) 13
𝑒𝑞=( 𝜋 )3 𝑒𝑞=( 𝜋 ) = 1.232𝑚

𝑚 𝐾𝑔
50 𝑠 ∗ 1.145 3 ∗ 1.232
𝑚
#𝑅𝑒 = 𝑁. 𝑠 = 3722005.27
1.895x10−5
𝑚2
Aver= π*D*L + π*D2/2 = (π)(0.50)(5) + (π)(0.50)2/2 =8.26m2

(0.33)(8.26)(1.145)(50)2
𝐹𝐷𝑉𝑒𝑟 = = 3901.3𝑁
2

For the horizontal cylinder

AHor= π*D2/2 =(π)(0.5)2/2 =0.1963m2

(1.12)(0.1963)(1.145)(50)2
𝐹𝐷𝐻𝑜𝑟 = = 314.66𝑁
2