Problem Set 8

650:342 Design of Mechanical Components, Fall 2014

Due: Not due.

Problems copied, selected and/or modified from Juvinall and Marshek’s Fundamentals of
Machine Component Design, 5th edition, 2012.

1. A grade 7, ¾-in. UNF bolt with rolled threads is used in a joint having a soft gasket for which
the clamped member stiffness is only half the bolt stiffness. The bolt initial tension corresponds
to Fi=16,000d, d in inches. During operation, there is an external separating force that fluctuates
between 0 and P. For this application there is negligible bending of the bolts. (a) Estimate the
maximum value of P that would not cause eventual bolt fatigue failure. (b) Estimate the
maximum value of P that would not cause joint separation.
2. Two aluminum plates, which are part of an aircraft structure, are held together by a grade 7,
½-in. UNF bolt. The effective area of the aluminum plates in compression is estimated to be 12
times the cross-sectional area of the steel bolt. The bolt is initially tightened to 90% of its proof
strength. Gust loads, varying from zero to P, tend to pull the plates apart (this results in
negligible bolt bending). With a safety factor of 1.3, what is the maximum value of P that will
not cause eventual bolt fatigue failure? What clamping force will remain when this value of P
acts?
3. From Juvinall 12.19
A conical compression coil spring, as illustrated in Figure 12.6, is made of 3-mm-diameter steel
wire and has an active coil diameter that varies from 20 mm at the top to 45 mm at the bottom.
The pitch (axial spacing between corresponding points on adjacent coils) is 7 mm throughout.
There are four active coils. A force is appled to compress the spring, and the stresses always
remain in the elastic range. a) As the force is increased, which coil deflects to zero pitch first? b)
Calculate the magnitude of force required to cause the deflection in part a.

4. Juvinall 12.36
An automatic production machine requires a compression coil spring to keep a follower in
contact with a cam that rotates at speeds up to 1800 rpm. When installed, the spring force is to
vary between 150 and 600 N while the spring height varies over a range of 10 mm. An available
supply of 4.5-mm-diameter shot-peened wire is to be used, for which Figure 12.16 applies.
Clash allowance is to be 2.5 mm. The design is to be tentatively based on limiting the stress to
800 MPa when the spring s closed solid. Ends are to be squared and ground, and presetting will
not be used. a) Determine appropriate values for D, N, Ls, and Lf. b) Determine the likelihood of
the spring’s buckling, the likelihood of encountering spring surge problems, and the approximate
safety factor during normal operation. c) What would the approximate safety factor of the spring
be (with respect to fatigue failure) if presetting is used, resulting in a residual torsional stress of
100 MPa?

5. Juvinall 12.37
For a Nerf gun, a coil spring with squared and ground ends is to operate with a load that
fluctuates between 3 and 9 lb, during which the deflection is to vary by 2.5 in. Because of space
limitations, a mean coil diameter of 0.625 in. has been selected. Steel spring wire corresponding
to the shot-peened wire in Figure 12.16 is to be used. The beneficial effect of the specified
presetting is not to be taken into account in the calculations. It is considered to provide a
sufficient safety factor to allow for the possibility of higher stresses, should the spring ever close
solid. Choose an appropriate clash allowance, and determine appropriate values for N, d, and Lf.

6. Juvinall 12.46
A cam and follower similar to that shown in Figure P12.46 is to rotate at 10 Hz and impart a
harmonic or sinusoidal oscillation to the follower. Total follower lift is to be 20 mm, and the
weght of the oscillating parts is estimated at 90 N. The function of the spring is to overcome
inertia forces and keep the roller follower in contact with the cam. To fit the available space, the
spring inside diameter must be at least 25 mm and the outside diameter no more than 50 mm.
Determine a satisfactory combination of D, d, N, material, Ls, and Lf. Determine the natural
frequency of the spring proposed.
 Problem Set 8 - Solution
650:342 Design of Mechanical Components, Fall 2014

Due: Not due.

Problems copied, selected and/or modified from Juvinall and Marshek’s Fundamentals of
Machine Component Design, 5th edition, 2012.

1. A grade 7, ¾-in. UNF bolt with rolled threads is used in a joint having a soft gasket for which
the clamped member stiffness is only half the bolt stiffness. The bolt initial tension corresponds
to Fi=16,000d, d in inches. During operation, there is an external separating force that fluctuates
between 0 and P. For this application there is negligible bending of the bolts. (a) Estimate the
maximum value of P that would not cause eventual bolt fatigue failure. (b) Estimate the
maximum value of P that would not cause joint separation
2. Two aluminum plates, which are part of an aircraft structure, are held together by a grade 7,
½-in. UNF bolt. The effective area of the aluminum plates in compression is estimated to be 12
times the cross-sectional area of the steel bolt. The bolt is initially tightened to 90% of its proof
strength. Gust loads, varying from zero to P, tend to pull the plates apart (this results in
negligible bolt bending). With a safety factor of 1.3, what is the maximum value of P that will
not cause eventual bolt fatigue failure? What clamping force will remain when this value of P
acts?
3. From Juvinall 12.19
A conical compression coil spring, as illustrated in Figure 12.6, is made of 3-mm-diameter steel
wire and has an active coil diameter that varies from 20 mm at the top to 45 mm at the bottom.
The pitch (axial spacing between corresponding points on adjacent coils) is 7 mm throughout.
There are four active coils. A force is appled to compress the spring, and the stresses always
remain in the elastic range. a) As the force is increased, which coil deflects to zero pitch first? b)
Calculate the magnitude of force required to cause the deflection in part a.
4. Juvinall 12.36
An automatic production machine requires a compression coil spring to keep a follower in
contact with a cam that rotates at speeds up to 1800 rpm. When installed, the spring force is to
vary between 150 and 600 N while the spring height varies over a range of 10 mm. An available
supply of 4.5-mm-diameter shot-peened wire is to be used, for which Figure 12.16 applies.
Clash allowance is to be 2.5 mm. The design is to be tentatively based on limiting the stress to
800 MPa when the spring s closed solid. Ends are to be squared and ground, and presetting will
not be used. a) Determine appropriate values for D, N, Ls, and Lf. b) Determine the likelihood of
the spring’s buckling, the likelihood of encountering spring surge problems, and the approximate
safety factor during normal operation. c) What would the approximate safety factor of the spring
be (with respect to fatigue failure) if presetting is used, resulting in a residual torsional stress of
100 MPa?
5. Juvinall 12.37
For a Nerf gun, a coil spring with squared and ground ends is to operate with a load that
fluctuates between 3 and 9 lb, during which the deflection is to vary by 2.5 in. Because of space
limitations, a mean coil diameter of 0.625 in. has been selected. Steel spring wire corresponding
to the shot-peened wire in Figure 12.16 is to be used. The beneficial effect of the specified
presetting is not to be taken into account in the calculations. It is considered to provide a
sufficient safety factor to allow for the possibility of higher stresses, should the spring ever close
solid. Choose an appropriate clash allowance, and determine appropriate values for N, d, and Lf.
6. Juvinall 12.46
A cam and follower similar to that shown in Figure P12.46 is to rotate at 10 Hz and impart a
harmonic or sinusoidal oscillation to the follower. Total follower lift is to be 20 mm, and the
weght of the oscillating parts is estimated at 90 N. The function of the spring is to overcome
inertia forces and keep the roller follower in contact with the cam. To fit the available space, the
spring inside diameter must be at least 25 mm and the outside diameter no more than 50 mm.
Determine a satisfactory combination of D, d, N, material, Ls, and Lf. Determine the natural
frequency of the spring proposed.