Assignment - 1

MEN303 Design of Mechanical Systems

Submission Date : 28-06-2018

1. What are the applications of spring? Distinguish between closely coiled and open coiled helical
springs.

2. What type of stress is induced in different type of springs studied?

3. What is surge in spring? How we can remove it.

4. What is the objective of nipping of leaf spring?

5. It is required to design a helical compression spring subjected to a force of 500 N. The deflection
of the spring corresponding to this force is approximately 20 mm. The spring index should be
6. The spring is made of cold-drawn steel wire with ultimate tensile strength of 1000 N/mm2.
The permissible shear stress for the spring wire can be taken as 50% of the ultimate tensile
strength (G = 81 370 N/mm2). Assume a gap of 1 mm between adjacent coils under maximum
load condition. The spring has square and ground ends. Design the spring and calculate:

(i) wire diameter;

(ii) mean coil diameter;
(iii) number of active coils;
(iv) total number of coils;
(v) free length of the spring; and
(vi) pitch of the coils.

6. A direct reading spring balance consists of a helical tension spring, which is attached to a rigid
support at one end and carries weights at the other free end. The pointer attached to the free end
moves on a scale and indicates the weight. The length of the scale is 75 mm. The maximum
capacity of the balance is to measure the weight of 500 N. The spring index is 6. The spring
is made of oil-hardened and tempered steel wire with ultimate tensile strength of 1400 N/mm2.
The permissible shear stress for spring wire can be taken as 50% of the ultimate tensile strength
(G = 81 370 N/mm2). Design the spring and calculate:

(i) wire diameter;

(ii) mean coil diameter;
(iii) number of active coils;
(iv) required spring rate; and
(v) actual spring rate.

7. A flat spiral spring is required to provide a maximum torque of 1200 N-mm. The spring is
made of a steel strip and the maximum bending stress should not exceed 800 N/mm2. When
the stress in the spring decreases from 800 to 0 N/mm2, the arbor turns through three complete
revolutions with respect to the retaining drum. The thickness of the steel strip is 1.25 mm and
the modulus of elasticity is 207 000 N/mm2. Calculate the width and length of the steel strip.

1
 8. How does the function of a brake differ from the clutch? Explain briefly.

9. what is self-energizing brakes? When does a brake become self-locking?

10. Establish a formula for frictional torque transmitted by a cone clutch.

11. Why it is necessary to dissipate the heat when clutch operate?

12. During forward stroke of the piston of the double acting steam engine, the turning moment has
the maximum value of 2000 N m when the crank makes an angle of 80o with the inner dead
centre. During the backward stroke, the maximum turning moment is 1500 N m when the crank
makes an angle of 80o with the outer dead centre. The turning moment diagram for the engine
may be assumed to be represented by two triangles.
If the crank makes 100 rpm and the radius of gyration of flywheel is 1.75 m, find the coefficient
of fluctuation of energy and the mass of the flywheel to keep the speed within ±0.75% of the
mean speed. Also determine the crank angle at which the speed has its minimum and maximum
values.

13. A single cylinder, single acting four stroke gas engine develops 20 kW at 300 rpm. The work
done by the gases during expansion stroke is three times the work done on the gases during the
compression stroke, the work done during the suction and exhaust strokes being negligible. If
the total fluctuation of speed is not to exceed ±1.5% of the mean speed and the turning moment
diagram during compression and expansion is assumed to be triangular in shape, find moment
of inertia of flywheel.

14. A multi-cylinder engine is to run at a speed of 600 rpm. On drawing the turning moment
diagram to a scale of 1 mm = 250 N m and 1 mm = 3o , the srea above and below the mean
torque line in mm2 are : +160, −172, +168, −191, +197, −162.
The speed is to be kept with ±1% of the mean speed of the engine. Calculate the necessary
moment of inertia of the flywheel. Determine the suitable dimensions of a rectangular flywheel
rim if the breadth is twice its thickness. the density of the cast iron is 7250 kg/m3 and its hoop
stress is 6 M P a. Assume that the rim contributes 92% of the flywheel effect.