Answers

2. What is a project, and what are its main attributes? How is a project different from what most
people do in their day-to-day jobs? What is the triple constraint? What other factors affect a
project?
=>A project is a temporary, non-repetitive, goal-oriented activity that has measurable outputs and a
particular set of constraints.
=>Main attributes of a project
 unique purpose
 temporary
 require resource, often from various areas
 should have a primary sponsor and/or customer
 involve uncertainty
=> How is a project different from what most people do in their day-to-day jobs?
 A project has a definite start and also a definite end.
 A project is a unique one-off activity, ie, it is not a repetitive activity.
 The resource requirements in a project are not uniform.
 Requirements follow a bell-shaped curve.
 Projects are generally a complex combination of many types of activities.
 The level of specialization required is generally very high in projects
Projects differ from their day-to-day jobs in that they usually have a narrow focus, specific
deadline and may occur only once or infrequently. Some project types recur but differ in their
goals.
=>The Triple constraint
 Scope goals: What is the project trying to accomplish?
 Time goals: How long should it take to complete?
 Cost goals: What should it cost?
=> What other factors affect a project?
 Deadline: Deadline is one of the key aspects that determine how a project is
managed. ...
 Budget: Budget is another critical factor that determines a project's progress
and management. ...
 Stakeholders: ...
 Project Members: ...
 Demand: ...
 Supply: ...
 Price:

3.What is project management? Briefly describe the project management framework, providing
examples of stakeholders, knowledge areas, tools and techniques, and project success factors
=> What is project management?
It is the process of planning, organizing, integrating, and overseeing the development of a project
to ensure that the project’s objectives are achieved and the system is implemented according to
expectations.
=> Briefly describe the project management framework?
A project management framework consists of the processes, tasks, and tools used to take
a project from start to finish. It encompasses all the key components required for
planning, managing, and governing projects.
 Stakeholder :-project manager, Team members, Managers, Resource managers,
Executives, Senior management, Company owners, Investors.
 Knowledge Areas:- Project Integration Management, Project Scope
Management, Project Time Management, Project Cost Management, Project Quality
Management, Project Human Resource Management, Project Communication
Management, Project Risk Management.
 Tools And Techniques
 Project Charter and WBS (scope)
 Gantt charts, network diagrams, critical path analysis, critical chain scheduling (time)
 Cost estimates and earned value management (cost)
 project success factors are
Executive support, User involvement, Experience project manager, Clear business objectives,
Minimized scope, Standard software infrastructure, Firm basic requirements, Formal
methodology, Reliable estimates.

4.What is a program? What is a project portfolio? Discuss the relationship between projects,
programs, and portfolio management and the contributions that each makes to enterprise success.
=> What is a program?
A program is a single use plan comprising multiple activities orchestrated to achieve one important
objective.
=> What is a project portfolio ?
The collection of projects and perhaps related work, that, at any specified point in time, an organization or
element of the organization is doing, is committed to doing, or is considering doing. For example, an
automotive company manages a project portfolio that includes all of the cars, trucks, and SUVs in its
product line
=> Discuss the relationship between projects, programs, and portfolio management and the
contributions that each makes to enterprise success are?
The project in a program are related to each other. Portfolios are collection of work
(project, program, or sub-portfolios) and are a way to plan and manage the projects
from an organization perspective. The projects may or may not related.

Relationship between projects, programs

Their contributions are

Program management
 Achieves the overall strategic goals of an organization.
 Improve management of projects interdependencies and impact on the business
as usual.
 Effectively managing resources among projects within a program.
 Manage risks, issues and changes across the program efficiently.
Project management
 Improve your chances of achieving the desired result.
 Gain a fresh perspective on your project, and how it fits with your business
strategy.
 priorities your business' resources and ensure their efficient use.
 set the scope, schedule and budget accurately from the start.
Portfolio management
 Improved project selection process.
 Better view of the big picture.
 Focus on objective business goals.
 Collaboration over competition.
 More efficient use of resources.
 More accurate project performance data.
 Increased timely project deliveries.
 Decreased organizational risk.