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Chemistry Matters for GCE ‘O’ Level (2 Edition): Textbook Answers Chapter 4

Chapter 4 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

Test Yourself 4.1 (page 65)

1. (a) Mg and Mn
(b) S and Si
(c) Zn and Sn

2. Ÿ Poor conductor of heat

Ÿ Dull looking
Ÿ Brittle

3. Ÿ Ductile and malleable

Ÿ Good conductor of electricity
Ÿ Solid at r.t.p.

Test Yourself 4.2 (page 69)

1. (a) AlF3: aluminium, fluorine

Co: cobalt
CoO: cobalt, oxygen
CO: carbon, oxygen
CaSO4: calcium, sulfur, oxygen
Cu: copper

(b) Elements Compounds

Co AlF3
Cu CoO
CO
CaSO4

2. (a) N:H=1:3
(b) Ca : Cl = 1 : 2
(c) H:N:O=1:1:3
(d) C:O:N:H=1:1:2:4
(e) Na : O : H = 1 : 1 : 1
(f) Cu : S : O = 1 : 1 : 4

Test Yourself 4.3 (page 71)

1. (a) B — Oxygen, O2 is diatomic and consists of the same type of molecules. Diagram B is the only
diagram that represents a single element.

(b) C — Cl2 and O2 are diatomic elements, therefore there will be two types of molecules in the
mixture. Diagram C represents two diatomic elements.

(c) A — Ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are compounds, each containing two types of
atoms. Diagram A represents two compounds.

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Chemistry Matters for GCE ‘O’ Level (2 Edition): Textbook Answers Chapter 4

2. Elements Compounds Mixtures

bromine distilled water duralumin
gold dust magnesium chloride ink
honey

3. Melting and boiling points — A mixture will melt or boil over a range of temperature whereas a pure
compound or element has a fixed melting or boiling point.
(Alternative answer: Solubility in water — Since the bonding in compounds is different from the
bonding in elements, the solubility of compounds and elements in water will also be different.)

Get it Right (page 73)

(a) False. Mercury cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

(b) False. The symbol of an element may consist of one or two letters.
(c) False. Compounds can be made up of molecules or ions.
(d) True
(e) True

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