Unit 2: Wh-Questions Words With Be

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UNIT 2
Wh- questions with be
A/ An with singular count nouns
Spelling of regular plural count nouns
Irregular plural nouns
Count nouns and noncount nouns
How much is/ How much are…?
Be + adjective + noun
Exercise 2.1
Wh-questions words with be

Test your world knowledge: Match the questions with the answers.
Questions answers
1. What’s the Amazon? a. the Pope
2. Where is the Kremlin? b. It’s a river.
3. Who is the head of the Catholic Church? c. It’s 12:00 noon.
4. How is the weather in Argentina in June? d. About 4,700 years old
5. Where are the Himalayas? e. In Moscow.
6. When is Thanksgiving in the United States? f. It’s cold.
7. It’s 9 a.m. in California. What time is it in New g. North America, South America, Asia
York? Africa, Australia, Europe, Antarctica.
8. How old are the Pyramids in Egypt? h. Because it is Independence Day.
9. What are the names of the seven continents? i. The last Thursday in November.
10. Why is July 4th special in the United States? j. In India, Nepal and Tibet.
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ANCA CEHAN, ŞTEFAN COLIBABA
Focus 1
Wh- questions words with be
Use Wh- questions words to ask for specific information.
question
word Be subject answer meaning
What is the Amazon? a river THING
‘s
Where are the Himalayas? in India or Nepal PLACE
Who is the head of the Catholic Church? the Pope PEOPLE
‘s
How is the weather in Argentina in June? It’s cold. CONDITIONS
‘s
When is Thanksgiving in the US? the last Thursday in TIME

November
‘s
What time is it in New York? It’s 12:00. TIME ON A CLOCK
How old are the Pyramids in Egypt? about 4,700 years old AGE
Why is Dec 1stspecial in Romania? it is the National Day REASON
‘s
Exercise 2.1.2
Fill in the blanks with: what, where, how, howold, whattime, and why.
Questions answers
1. How old is the Great Wall of China? About 2,200 years old
2. _______________ are the authors of this coursebook? A. Cehan and Ş. Colibaba
3. _______________ Morocco? In Africa
4. ____ is the weather in the summer in Washington, D.C.? It’s hot.
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5. _______________ is the capital of Belgium? Brussels
6. _______________ is the first day of summer? June 21st
7. It’s 10 a.m. in Boston. _______________ is it Paris? It’s 4:00 p.m.
8. _______________ is Independence Day in France? July 14th
9. _______________ are you in this class? To learn English.
10. _______________ are the Nile and the Mississippi? Rivers
Exercise 2.1.3
Match the question in A to the answer in B. Write the letter on the left.
A B
d 1. What’s your name? a. October 17th.
______ 2. Where are you from? b. I’m Turkish.
______ 3. Where is Istanbul? c. To study English.
______ 4. What’s your nationality? d. Mehmet.
______ 5. How old are you? e. It’s in Turkey.
______ 6. When’s your birthday? f. Twenty‐five.
______ 7. Why are you here? g. Fine, thanks.
______ 8. How are you? h. Istanbul.

Exercise 2.1.4
Write questions with wh-question words for these answers.
1. It’s 10:15 right now. 2. It’s Monday. 3. My name is Berta.

4. I’m twenty-five years old. 5. My birthday is on July 15th.

Exercise 2.1.5
Complete the story with the correct wh- question word and form of be.
Monte: Our two contestants tonight are Feliz and Sandy. How are you tonight, Feliz?
Feliz: I’m just happy to be here.
Monte: Great, and (1) _______________ you, Sandy?
Sandy: Fine, thank you.
Monte: Great, the first question is for you, Feliz. (2) _________ the capital of the US?
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Feliz: Washington, D.C.
Monte: Right! Now, for you, Sandy, (3) _______________ the director of the movie E.T.?
Sandy: Steven Spielberg.
Monte: Great! Now Feliz, (4) _______________ plants green?
Feliz: Because they contain chlorophyll.
Monte: You’ve got it. Sandy, (5) ________ old _________ the Great Pyramids in Egypt?
Sandy: About 4,700 years old.
Monte: Correct! Feliz, (6) _______________ the first day of spring?
Feliz: March 21st.
Monte: Right! Sandy, (7) _____________ Leonardo da Vinci’s painting, the Mona Lisa?
Sandy: In the Louvre in Paris.
Monte: Yes! For you, Feliz, (8) _______________ 7 x 8?
Feliz: 56.
Monte: You’re right again. Sandy, (9) _______________ the author of Tom Sawyer?
Sandy: Mark Twain.
Monte: Feliz, (10) _______________ the statue of Liberty located?
Feliz: In New York.
Monte: Sandy, your last question. (11) __________ Thanksgiving celebrated in the US?
Sandy: On the third Thursday in November.
Monte: Amazing, folks! We have a tie! Well, tune in next week for The 64‐CentQuestion.
Focus 2
Categories of nouns
Exercise 2.2.6
Write each word in the box in one of the three circles below.
milk dollars a shirt dresses bread

cents an egg a shoe cash

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Category

1. Food ___________ 3. Money _____________
_______________ _______________
_____________ _____________
2. Clothing ___________
_______________
____________
Look at the same words in different groups. Write a name for each category.
Category
1. ?________ a shirt 2. ?________ dollars 3. ?________ milk
a shoe cents bread
an egg dresses cash

Focus 3
A/ An with singular count nouns

A An
a house an orange
a movie an egg
a uniform* an hour*
Use a before a word beginning with a Use an before a word beginning with a vowel
consonant or a consonant sound. [a, e, i, o, u] or a vowel sound;
*uniform begins with a semi-consonant sound *hour begins with a silent “h”.
as in you.
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Exercise 2.3.7
List the words below under the correct categories.
earring bed watch necklace
dormitory table apple desk
orange apartment ring house
armchair banana pear hotel
Fruit Furniture Jewellery Housing
_an orange__ _______________ _______________ _______________
Exercise 2.3.8
List the words in the correct categories. Write a or an in front of the words.
tie month potato blouse helicopter
day carrot airplane radish undershirt
pea sweater truck sock automobile
herb year week train hour
Clothes Transportation Vegetables Time
1. ________ 1. ________ 1. ________ 1. ________
Focus 4
Spelling of regular plural count nouns

singular plural explanations
a car two cars To make the plural form of most count nouns, add –s.
a book three books
a boy four boys Nouns that end in: vowel + -y, vowel + -o
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a radio two radios Plural form: add –s.
a class two classes Nouns that end in: -ss, -ch, -sh, -x
a sandwich two sandwiches
a dish two dishes
Plural form: add –s.
a box three boxes
Nouns that end in: consonant + o
a potato six potatoes
Plural form: add –es.
a tomato four tomatoes
a baby babies Nouns that end in: consonant + y
a city cities Plural form: change -y to -i, add –es.
Nouns that end in: -f or -fe
a thief two thieves Plural form: change -f to -v, add –es.
Exceptions: chief – chiefs chef – chefs
a life three lives
Exercise 2.4.9
Write the plural form of the words below.
1. party ________ 7. wife ________
2. shoe ________ 8. watch ________
3. fox ________ 9. leaf ________
4. dictionary ________ 10. lady ________
5. week ________ 11. month ________
5. glass ________ 12. key ________
Exercise 2.4.10
Complete the sentences with the plural of one of the nouns below.
city story holiday university state
mountain country continent company ocean
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1. Thanksgiving and Christmas are __holidays___.
2. The Atlantic and the Pacific are _______________.
3. Africa and Asia are _______________.
4. Harvard and Yale are _______________.
5. IBM and Sony are _______________.
6. “Cinderella” and “Beauty and the Beast” are _______________.
7. The Alps are _______________.
8. Colombia and Venezuela are _______________ in South America.
9. Colorado and Vermont are _______________ in the United States.
10. Vienna and Oslo are two _______________ in Europe.
Exercise 2.4.11
Complete the story with a plural form of the words below.
house class monster ax
princess party country hero
girl witch baby knife
cat boy treat orange
fairy door candy trick
toy wish holiday story
It is interesting to know about holidays in (1) _________. Halloween is celebrated on
October 31 in the United States. Small children and even (2) _______ wear costumes. Some children
like frightening costumes. They dress like (3) _______ and (4) _______. The scary costumes can
include plastic (5) _______ and (6) _____ with fake blood, but they don’t really hurt anyone. Some
(7) ______ dress like Superman and Batman and other (8) ______.(9) ______ that give people (10)
______ or Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty, and other (13) ______. Still other children dress like (14)
_______ and other animals. In the afternoon the children have (15)________ in their (16) ________
at school. When it gets dark, the children knock on the (17) ________ of all the (18) ________ in their
neighbourhood. The people in the houses give the children (19) _______ like (20) _______, (21)
_______and other fruit, and small (22) ______. If they don’t receive treats, some children play (23)
______.
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Exercise 2.4.12
Rhymes
Make the nouns in italics plural.
1. On Education
Word___, sentence___, exercise___, rule___,
Dictionary___, textbook___, page___, school___,
Classroom___, teacher___, student___, – all jewel___
Of education, these are the tool___.
2. On Age
Day___, week___, month___, year___.
Getting old? Please, no tear___!!!
3. On Imports
The shoe___ are Brazilian,
The glove___ are Italian,
The chef___ are from France,
from South America – the salsa dance,
The toy___ are Chinese,
The camera___ are Japanese:
Tell me, what’s Romanian, please?

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Focus 5
Irregular plural nouns

examples explanations
child children Some nouns change spelling in the plural.

man men
woman women
foot feet
tooth teeth
mouse mice
a deer two deer Some nouns do not change in the plural.
a sheep three sheep
a fish four fish
scissors shorts Some nouns are always plural. They have no singular
pajamas clothes form.
glasses pants
Exercise 2.5.13
Fill in the blanks with an irregular plural noun.
1. Big Bird is eight feettall.
2. Mickey Mouse and Minnie are famous _______________.
3. Actresses are _______________ and actors are _______________.
4. Bambi is a movie about _______________.
5. Famous _______________ in Hollywood are rich.
6. Bugs Bunny has two big front _______________.
7. Sesame Street is a television show for _______________.
8. _______________ of all ages like Disney movies.
Exercise 2.5.14
Write the irregular plural form of each of the nouns in the correct category.
child deer fish foot goose sheepmoose
man woman mouse ox person tooth
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Humans Animals Body parts
_children_____ _______________ _______________
Focus 6
Things we count and things we don't count

(Count nouns and noncount nouns)
We can see things as whole or as things we can count. We use noncount nouns like
money or cash when we see a thing as whole. We use count noun like coins when we refer
to things we can count.

count nouns nouncount nouns
SINGULAR PLURAL Things we don’t count: money, cash, clothing,
a dress two dresses Noncount nouns have one form. They are
an egg ten eggs not singular or plural.
Can take –s or –es in the plural. Cannot take –s or –es.
They are earrings. It’s jewelry.
They’re watches
Can take a/an or one in the singular. Cannot take a/an or one in the singular.
It’s a job. It’s work.
My vacation is for one week.
Can take a singular or plural verb. Always take a singular verb.
It is a table. They are chairs. Furniture is expensive.

Some common noncount nouns
food bread rice sugar milk
fruit cheese fish salt water
coffee clothing milk traffic transportation
hair advice jewelry money furniture
love homework help crime news
work mail information luck electricity
music tea luggage garbage pollution
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Exercise 2.6.15
Check () count or noncount.
count noun noncount noun count noun noncount noun
food  shirt
milk shoe
egg money
bread dollars
clothing cents
dresses cash
Exercise 2.6.16
Grandma’s shopping list
Produce Stand Butcher Bakery Dairy
potatoes apple cider pork chops brownies milk
strawberries broccoli steak rolls butter
carrots green beans hamburger doughnuts ice cream
onions chicken
Classify the foods on the shopping list as count or noncount nouns.
Count nouns Noncount nouns
1. pork chops 1. _______________
Exercise 2.6.17
Check () count or noncount for each underlined noun.
count noncount
1. Money is important.
2. A dollar is useful
3. Grammar exercises are fun.
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4. Homework is interesting.
5. Fruit is healthy.
6. Apples are my favourite fruit.
7. Here is my suitcase.
8. Good luggage is expensive.
9. Mail from home is important for an international student.
10. Stamps are cheap.
Exercise 2.6.18
Circle the mistakes in the paragraph and correct them.
Informations are easier to get with today’s new technology. A news is transmitted around
the world by TV satellites. Computers also make informations easier to get. Computers can help a
person do his homeworks. Computer networks allow people to tell some news and give some
advices. With computer mails, a person can send a message with an electricity and a phone line.
Focus 7
How much is/ How much are…?
Singular: To ask about prices use:
How much is a television set in China?
Plural:How much are newspapers in Croatia? How much is…?

How much are…?
Noncount:How much is gas in Italy?
Focus 8
Be + adjective + noun
Harvard is aprivate university. An adjective can come before the noun.
They are excellent colleges. Do not put –s on the adjective when the noun is
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plural.
It’s a large university. Use a before an adjective with a consonant or a

consonant sound.
English is a universal language.
He’s an “A” student. Use an before an adjective with a vowel sound.
She’s anhonour student.
Psychology is a very interesting subject. Put very before the adjective to make the adjective

stronger.
Exercise 2.8.19
Make sentences using be + adjective + very + noun. Choose an adjective from the
list. You can use an adjective more than once.

exciting violent tall expensive dangerous
crowded popular talented useful interesting famous
1. SearsTower and HancockTowerare very tall buildings in Chicago.
2. Disney world is a very popular place in Florida.
3. Luciano Pavarotti ______________________________ singer.
4. Rambo and Terminator ______________________________ movies.
5. A Mercedes ______________________________ car.
6. Teaching ______________________________ profession.
7. Baseball ______________________________ sport in the United States.
8. Sao Paolo ______________________________ city.
9. Eleanor Roosevelt and Jacqueline Kennedy _________ women in American history.
10. Computers ______________________________ tools.
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Reading 2
You Look What You Eat

Read the text and do the exercises that follow.
Toshi, a nineteen-year-old from Nagasaki, Japan, wants to become a sumo wrestler. Toshi, who
weighs over 175 kilos, and is 1 metre 95 tall, lives in a special training camp with thirty other sumo
wrestlers. Their training is very hard. Even before breakfast, they normally practise for four and a half
hours! It is important that Toshi doesn't lose weight, so he always has a large lunch of rice, meat, fish
and vegetables with lots of beer, and sometimes he eats extra pizzas and burgers. After lunch he goes
to sleep for a few hours. One day, Toshi hopes to be famous - and rich - but at the moment he doesn't
earn much money, so each month his parents send him money to help him.
Ania, who comes from Lublin in Poland, is a champion gymnast. She's seventeen years old
and lives in a small apartment with her mother. She trains very hard - usually about eight hours every
day, except Sunday, when she rests. She normally gets up at about seven in the morning and practises
for three or four hours. Then she rests in the afternoon, before practising for another four hours in the
early evening. Like most gymnasts, Ania is very small - only about 1 metre 50, and she weighs very
little too - around 40 kilos. This is very important for a gymnast, so she doesn't eat very much -
although her mother makes sure she has a healthy diet. Ania doesn't earn much money, but she enjoys her
lifestyle.
Joao, from Sao Paolo in Brazil, is a professional footballer with a big Italian football club. He
lives with his Italian girlfriend in a large villa in the mountains near Milan. Although he's only twenty-
three years old, he earns around 18,000 euros a week. He spends his money on fast cars, designer
clothes and goes to the best restaurants and clubs in Milan. But Joao has to live a healthy life - he
never smokes and only occasionally drinks alcohol, and most days he lives on a special diet of pasta
and vegetables. Most mornings, before he goes to train with the rest of the team, he runs about eight
kilometres.
Exercise 2.1
Use the words below to make sentences about the three athletes.
eat / Ania / a healthy diet / always Ania always eats a healthy diet.
a. for hours /all of them/train/every day g. lots of fan letters / receive / every week / he
b. much money / Ania and Toshi / not earn h. not play / Joao / in every match
c. An i. two sports cars / own / he
ia / at seven / get up / usually j. miss / he / his family in Brazil
d. never / before midnight / go to bed / she k. phone / about four times a week / he / his
e. live in / Toshi / a special training camp mother
f. on the floor / he / sleep / often
Exercise 2.2
Put the words in brackets in the correct place.

a. We go to our holiday home a month. (once) a. We go to the beach day in summer. (every)
b. I go for a walk before going to bed. (always) b. Julia is late for class. (never)
c. I am tired when I get home. (usually) c. We go swimming before breakfast. (often)
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Exercise 2.3
Put the words in the correct order to make questions.

a. at the concert / be tomorrow night / Will / you? a. late / the train / this morning / was / Why?
b. Christina / Does / like / skateboarding? b. did / have lunch / today / Where / you?
c. Can / football / play / tomorrow night / you? c. at home / Is/ today / your brother?
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Wh-questions words with be

Wh- questions words with be

Use Wh- questions words to ask for specific information.

word Be subject answer meaning

What is the Amazon? a river THING

Where are the Himalayas? in India or Nepal PLACE

Who is the head of the Catholic Church? the Pope PEOPLE

How is the weather in Argentina in June? It’s cold. CONDITIONS

When is Thanksgiving in the US? the last Thursday in TIME

What time is it in New York? It’s 12:00. TIME ON A CLOCK

How old are the Pyramids in Egypt? about 4,700 years old AGE

Why is Dec 1stspecial in Romania? it is the National Day REASON

1. How old is the Great Wall of China? About 2,200 years old

10. _______________ are the Nile and the Mississippi? Rivers

Write questions with wh-question words for these answers.

1. It’s 10:15 right now. 2. It’s Monday. 3. My name is Berta.

Monte: Our two contestants tonight are Feliz and Sandy. How are you tonight, Feliz?

milk dollars a shirt dresses bread

1. Food ___________ 3. Money _____________

_____________ _____________

1. ?________ a shirt 2. ?________ dollars 3. ?________ milk

a shoe cents bread

an egg dresses cash

A/ An with singular count nouns

List the words below under the correct categories.

earring bed watch necklace

dormitory table apple desk

orange apartment ring house

armchair banana pear hotel

Fruit Furniture Jewellery Housing

_an orange__ _______________ _______________ _______________

tie month potato blouse helicopter

day carrot airplane radish undershirt

pea sweater truck sock automobile

herb year week train hour

Clothes Transportation Vegetables Time

1. ________ 1. ________ 1. ________ 1. ________

Spelling of regular plural count nouns

singular plural explanations

a boy four boys Nouns that end in: vowel + -y, vowel + -o

a radio two radios Plural form: add –s.

a class two classes Nouns that end in: -ss, -ch, -sh, -x

Nouns that end in: consonant + o

a baby babies Nouns that end in: consonant + y

a city cities Plural form: change -y to -i, add –es.

Nouns that end in: -f or -fe

a thief two thieves Plural form: change -f to -v, add –es.

Write the plural form of the words below.

1. party ________ 7. wife ________

2. shoe ________ 8. watch ________

3. fox ________ 9. leaf ________

4. dictionary ________ 10. lady ________

5. week ________ 11. month ________

5. glass ________ 12. key ________

city story holiday university state

mountain country continent company ocean

Complete the story with a plural form of the words below.

house class monster ax

princess party country hero

girl witch baby knife

cat boy treat orange

fairy door candy trick

toy wish holiday story

1. Food _ 3. Money ___

_ _

1. ? a shirt 2. ? dollars 3. ? milk

_an orange _____ _ _________

1. 1. 1. 1.

1. party 7. wife

2. shoe 8. watch

3. fox 9. leaf

4. dictionary 10. lady

5. week 11. month

5. glass 12. key

_children_ _ _____