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Road design standards 6.1
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Road Design Standards
- by Country
Image: Kanda Overpass, Ring Road, Accra - Ghana (Magnus L. Quarshie).
Tags Changes
design standards, Updates and addiitions Version
geometric design, Modified page layout
design manuals
road design 6.1
This version covers August

● 79 countries
● 7 multi-country standards 2016
● 3 special topics
● 128 pages Ghana Edition
Publication website: https://roaddesignstandards.wordpress.com/
Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 1

Contents
1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Structure ........................................................................................................................................ 3
1.3 Change log .................................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Cover notes, disclaimer, copyright ................................................................................................ 4
1.5 About the Editor ............................................................................................................................. 5
1.6 Contact .......................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Notes on Ghana ............................................................................................................................... 6
3 Background .................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 10
3.1.1 Countries............................................................................................................................... 11
3.1.2 Types of standard ................................................................................................................. 11
3.1.3 Different standards for different road types .......................................................................... 11
3.1.4 One country, many standards............................................................................................... 12
3.1.5 Different countries, different standards ................................................................................. 12
3.1.6 Multi-country standards ........................................................................................................ 12
3.1.7 Standards change over time ................................................................................................. 12
3.1.8 Standards are published in different languages ................................................................... 12
3.2 Standards in this document ......................................................................................................... 12
3.3 Evaluation of country standards .................................................................................................. 13
3.4 Evaluation of multi-country standards ......................................................................................... 14

1 Introduction
Image: Dr. Busia Highway – (Kaneshie), Accra - Ghana (Magnus L. Quarshie)
1.1 Purpose
Most countries issue their own guidelines on highway geometric design (and some issue more than
one guideline). The guidelines offer a good place to start from when a new project involves road
design in their country. Compiling a document on guidelines in different countries is also one step
towards identifying current best practice in design.
This document provides an overview of what the current standards are in a number of different
countries. The details are as accurate as could be prepared at the time of publication, but there are no
claims that they are either complete or fully up to date.
1.2 Structure
This document has four main sections:
Part A Introduction
1. Introduction with some background notes on guidelines and standards
2. Month section this edition has some background notes on Ghana
3. Discussion Background discussion on standards and guidelines
Part B Detail pages

The detail pages are grouped into three sections:
4 Country pages - notes on guidelines and standards presented on a country-by-country basis
5 Multi-country pages - notes on standards which were designed to cover more than one
country
6 Special topics - single page notes listing documents on one or two special topics

1.3 Change log
Version 05.4 July 2016

Update layout, added more country pages, updated several country pages, added “month section”
notes
05.03a January 2016

Modified cover page, added more country pages. Started to add charts (one only in this edition).
05.01 October 2015

Introductory text updated and extended. Page headers modified. Section divider sheets added.
Several country pages added, other pages updated or checked. Some more multi-country standards
added. Some updates to the text notes. Detailed tables modified, with symbols showing availability
(and with “availability” notes deleted).
Version 4
04.03 July 2015
Some pages added, other pages updated or checked (here the page titles are usually in red in this
version) Also started adding “special topics” pages.
04.01 March 2015

Modified detail page layout, minor changes to introduction and text section, new “Multi-country
standards” section added, details on several more countries added.
03.01 July 2014

Modified detail page layout, added introduction, added more countries, added introduction
1.4 Cover notes, disclaimer, copyright

This is a research document. The best efforts have been made to make sure the figures are correct.
However no liability can be taken for any of the details, information or analysis in this document.
The layout, look and feel of this document is copyright.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To
view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/

1.5 About the Editor
Robert Bartlett is an experienced transportation and urban development studies engineer with over
30 years of professional experience. Currently focussing on highway geometrics and parking studies
he has also developed new ideas on subjects such as GIS and the study of social justice, urban land
use classification, and network management systems. Invited to present papers at conferences
organised by the EC, the US Institute of Transportation Engineers, the UK's AGI, and others.
Current engineering work: includes technical research in highway design standards and applications
in areas such as urban planning and highway engineering. Considerable practical experience with
leading UK and international consultancies, contractors and government organisations in Europe, the
Middle East, and South-East Asia. Transport and infrastructure work presently involves publications
on the dimensions of vehicles, and on road hierarchy and streets design.
Countries of work experience include: Albania, Denmark, Germany, Holland, Hong Kong, India,
Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, P.R.China, Qatar, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, Tanzania, UAE,
Uganda and the UK.
Robert Bartlett has a LinkedIn profile at
https://de.linkedin.com/in/robert-bartlett-8195202
1.6 Contact
This is a “work in progress” document. If you have any suggestions, corrections or details of
potentially interesting documents not presently listed, contact the Editor at : roadnotes2@gmail.com

2 Notes on Ghana
Background
Wikiipedia introduces Ghana as follows:
"Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana, is a sovereign unitary presidential constitutional democracy,
located along the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean, in the subregion of West Africa. Spanning a land
mass of 238,535 km2, Ghana is bordered by the Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north,
Togo in the east and the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean in the south".
The same webpage also says the country has a population of some 27 million people. Some 24% of
the population live below the national poverty line (link). Poverty is worse in the northern part of the
country, whilst Ghana’s population, income, and mineral resources are concentrated in the southern
half of the country. When "accessibility" is defined as "% of pop without all-season motorable road
within 1-2 km of household"Ghana has an accessibility of 20. In comparison, Germany has an
accessibility of 0 (zero) and Ethiopia an accessibility of 60 (ref. 919).
Road network
According to a document from Ghana's Ministry of
Roads and Highways (ref.2239), in 2012 there were
68,124 km of roads in the country, consisting of:
● 13,344 km of trunk roads
● 12,600 km of urban roads
● 42,210 km of feeder roads
It is not clear whether the totals include cycle ways or
tracks and trails.
(The figure on the left is taken from National Spatial
Development Framework volume I)
Road standards
Engineer Magnus L. Quarshie writes (ref. 2293) that:
"Ghana has a Geometric Design Guide published by
the Ghana Highway Authority. This manual published
in the 1991 was led and funded by the Japanese. It
gives a standard for quality design in the Ghanaian
context. Another manual which affects the design of
roads is the Manual on Road Signs in Ghana….
Ghanaian Consultants and Regulators regularly
consult foreign manuals and other publications in the
pursuit of design excellence. It has become fairly
common for American, European and British
publications to be consulted in the design process
where the Geometric Design Manual is found
wanting. The AASHTO’s A Policy on Geometric Design
of Highways and Streets, popularly called The Green
Book, and the Federal Highway Administration’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices
are two of such publications. "

Road users
There seems to be a tendency to assume the default value for "most used form of transport" is the
motor car, and this may apply to Ghana as much as anywhere else. For example, in a paper
published in 2013 (ref.2322), Gina Porter says of Ghana's Cape Coast city:
"In Cape Coast, as in many other African cities, transport-poverty linkages are strongly in
evidence. The city’s middle class, including government and university staff, commonly own
private vehicles for their personal and family use.... However, the majority of people living in the
study neighbourhoods (Abura and Simiw) do not own personal vehicles. From small surveys
with around 125 children (aged about 9–18 years) in both areas, it emerged that only 4.5 per
cent of children’s households in Abura owned a private car and none whatsoever in Simiw".
Further, the final report of the National Spatial Development Framework (ref. 2317) says that
"Bicycle commuting is popular in the three northern regions, particularly in Northern where it
accounts for about 50 percent of all commuters, but not in the others. In Greater Accra, where
jobs are concentrated and roads are bicycle-unfriendly, 31 percent walk and 2 percent only
bicycle to work.... Nationally, some 64 percent of commuters use non-motorised transport with
54 percent walking and 10 percent using bicycles".
New technology
Ghana may be lacking in terms of modern road design standards, but the country seems to very
interested in applying new technology to the study, planning and development of its road networks.
GIS has been used in studies on road maintenance management (ref.2321), in analysing geo-
environmental data to find the least cost route for a new road (ref.2320), in "GIS a Tool for
Transportation Infrastructure Planning in Ghana A Case Study to the Department of Feeder Roads"
(ref.2319).
The country now has a National Spatial Development Framework . As described in volume I of the
NSDF, "In Ghana, the agency responsible for all spatial planning is the Town and Country Planning
Department, under the Ministry of Environment, Science Technology and Innovation. In 2011, TCPD
established a “3-tier”, hierarchical, spatial planning system that comprises (i) spatial development
frameworks, or SDFs, (ii) structure plans, and (iii) local plans, with each tier having its own function
and process".
Comment
Magnus L. Quarshie (ref.2293) says that in
"There is a mix-up of foreign design standards as the Ghana Standard is not well-developed.
Consequently foreign firms may sometimes bring in designs which may not work and there’s no
way of knowing this by Ghanaian Standards. There has been no revision of the GHA standards
for the 25 odd years it’s been in existence"
And
"Ghana has built a huge network of roads over the past 58 years of independence. It is
important that as the country strives to attain its Human Development goals, this road
network will be improved to help the effort. An effective and efficient Geometric Design
process is one way in which improved safety, operations and optimal cost of road
infrastructure can be achieved".

(The above figure taken from National Spatial Development Framework volume I)
And Stephen Yao Fiatornu (ref. 2319) says that:

“If GIS technology is exploited to it’s fullest extent in Ghana it will completely take over the
decision making process in transportation engineering. The huge amount of information
related to transport infrastructure in Ghana could be put together for its most efficient
utilization in planning, design, construction, maintenance and management of the transport
system”.
It might also be said that using new techniques such as GIS with inconsistent, out-dated and even
wrong techniques such as geometric design standards, will lead to black-box approaches to road
planning which will be certain to fail.

References
2318 - AICD country report "Ghana’s Infrastructure: A Continental Perspective", IBRD 2010
919 - Design and appraisal of rural transport infrastructure, World Bank technical paper 496, World
Bank 91
2239 - Pilot programme based budget for 2013-2015 / final draft, Ministry of roads and highways,
2013
2293 - Magnus L. Quarshie "Ghana country report on geometric design", 2015
2237 - Magnus L. Quarshie "NMT - the Ghana experience" (presentation) Centre for cycling expertise,
52011
2322 Gina Porter "Urban transport in Cape Coast, Ghana: A social sustainability analysis",
unhabitat.org, 2013
2321 DR.-Ing. Collins Fosu and Prince Charles Acquah, "Application of Geoinformation in
maintenance management of roads in Ghana" (presentation)
2320 Kursah, M.B. (2014) – Geo-environmental assessment to identify a least-cost road in Ghana,
Applied GIS, 10(3), 1-22
2319 - Stephen Yao Fiatornu, "GIS - a tool for transport infrastructure planning in Ghana", FIG 2006
2317 - National Spatial Development Framework volume I conditions and main issues, Government of
Ghana, 2015

3 Background
Image: George W. Bush N1 Highway, Accra - Ghana (Magnus L. Quarshie)
3.1 Introduction
People say the world is becoming smaller. Companies sell the same goods in scores of countries,
people from one country go on business or holiday trips in other countries and regions, most of the
time without any particular problem. We could say the same about road transport - virtually the same
cars are sold in every country, people from one country into and through in other countries, again
generally without any particular problem.
If the same cars and the same people can be seen on the road in different countries, then perhaps
road design manuals should say the same thing regardless of country. And if they don't, then maybe
highway engineers could benefit from a study of the differences. But you cannot begin such a study if
you don't actually know what the various current design manuals are.
The idea is therefore to prepare a list of road design standards for as many countries as possible.
After that the preparation of summary notes should be quite straight-forward. Of course, life isn't that
simple. It turns out that:

1. There can be different understandings of the term “country”
2. There can be different terms and meanings for the idea of a "standard"
3. One country can have different design standards for different road types
4. Countries often have several design standards, and these can give conflicting advice
5. Design manuals from different countries can give conflicting advice about the same design
parameter
6. There are a number of documents which cover several countries (“multi-country standards”)
7. Standards in a country will change over the life-time of its roads (so that the design brief for a
section built this year could be different from that for a section built in five years time).
8. Standards are published in different languages (even within one country)
A list of standards should therefore ideally include details of recently superceded documents, of multi-
country standards, and of document titles in both the original language and in an international
language such as English.
3.1.1 Countries
It is not clear how many countries there are in the world (different sources give different lists). This
1
document is based on a UN publication (ref. 1648) , so that there are about 242 countries altogether.
It is also not clear what exactly a “country” is. For example, some parts of the world are not actually
independent - they may be dependent or non self-governing territories. Some countries may be so
small that - for the purposes of this document - they can be ignored. For example the population of
Palau is less than 21,000. But Samoa, with a population of some 200,000, has its own road
standards; and Iceland (population around 323,000) certainly has some interesting standards of its
own.) A country may be part of another country - for example, Scotland is part of the UK.And some
countries may be defined as fragile (or failed) states, ones perhaps where, from Wikipedia:
“central government is so weak or ineffective, that it has little practical control over much of its
territory; non-provision of public services; widespread corruption and criminality; refugees and
involuntary movement of populations and sharp economic decline”
There is even a “fragile states index”. However even a fragile state may have some useful standards
on road design, as for example Nigeria (ranked as “high alert” in the index).
This document generally works to the document “UN Country classification 2012”.
3.1.2 Types of standard

For the time being this document uses the term "standard" to refer to documents which include
information on the geometric design of roads. Other terms for these documents include “manual”,
“guideline” and “handbook”. There may be differences in these “standards”; for example, a standard
when as a guideline contains information which the engineer may choose to use; but standards may
also be issued as instructions which contain information which an engineer is expected to use.
3.1.3 Different standards for different road types

I initially thought that a standard would cover all road types - for example, I expected that surface
friction (whatever value the standard suggested) would be the same for all road types and classes. In
fact this is not the case; some manuals give different values for surface friction depending on road
class. The problem with this is that there is no agreement on what road types or what road classes
there are even in English (that is, without adding the complication standards being developed in
different languages).
1
Ref. 1648 - UN Country classification 2012

3.1.4 One country, many standards
Again, I expected that for any particular country there would be one standard which would have
official status - or after some research, perhaps up to three (perhaps one each for regional, urban and
rural roads). Once again, life proves to be more complicated. In some countries, “standards” are
issued by several different levels of government (in the USA, by state and city authorities) and by
some independent and professional organisations (again, in the USA, e.g. by NACTO). There is no
reason to expect the different documents to say the same thing about any design parameter
(otherwise what would be the point of them). The question then becomes , how can someone tell
which of the different standards offers the best solution for a particular design problem.
3.1.5 Different countries, different standards

Many countries produce their own standards. There is no reason to suppose that these all say the
same thing, although in a different language. This situation can present the design engineer with a
problem, where for example he has to design a road in a country where the standard is out of date
(such as Ghana), or where the road link he is designing crosses a country boundary.
3.1.6 Multi-country standards

There are arguably three types of standard which are not necessarily related to any particular
country:textbooks, topic-specific standards,and multi-country standards. A multi-country standard is
one which is issued by an organisation and is intended to be applied by several countries (one
example is the design standard for the Asian Highway Network). Some of these appear to be too
simplistic; they don’t give the same advice; they may not be updated as frequently as a country’s own
standards; and they may anyway not give the best advice.
3.1.7 Standards change over time

Standards change with time, In the USA for example, editions of the AASHTO document “A policy on
the geometric design of highways and streets” were published in 1994, 2001, 2004 and 2011. The
advice given in a new edition will not always agree with the advice in earlier editions.
3.1.8 Standards are published in different languages

This can be the case even within one country (Switzerland, for example). The problem is that good
ideas in road design may be published in a language which few engineers in the world can speak, and
so are not given the acceptance which they deserve. Denmark and Finland are examples.
3.2 Standards in this document

This document includes details of what appear to be national standards, and often of other standards
issued by organisations within the country. So for the USA there is reference to the AASHTO standard
and also to some State DOT standards. There are separate sections for “multi-country” standards,
and for “special topics”.

3.3 Evaluation of country standards
Just because an organisation or a country issues a standard is no indication that the standard is
particularly good. The following table represents a subjective classification of the some of the
countries’ standards considered so far.
Table 1: Subjective evaluation of some country standards
Good Useful Limited Minimum / none
Abu Dhabi Emirate Argentina Afghanistan American Samoa

Australia Bangladesh Albania Anguilla
Austria Chile Algeria Antigua and Barbuda
Finland Ecuador Bhutan Armenia
Germany Ethiopia Bolivia Belgium
Netherlands France Bosnia and Herzeg Botswana
Norway Hungary Brazil. Croatia
Russia Iceland Colombia Cyprus
Sweden Ireland Costa Rica French Guiana
Switzerland Kenya Czech Republic Ghana
Nepal Estonia Libya
Paraguay Georgia (Caucasus) Mozambique
Peru Greece Samoa
Qatar Honduras Zambia
Singapore Hong Kong
South Africa India
Spain Indonesia
Tanzania Italy
Uganda Nigeria
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Romania
Saudi Arabia
Serbia
Slovenia
Turkey
UK
USA

3.4 Evaluation of multi-country standards
Just because an international organisation issues a standard is no indication that the standard is
particularly good. The following table represents a subjective classification of the some of the multi-
country standards considered so far.
Table 2: Subjective evaluation of some multi-country standards
Good Useful Limited Minimum / none
Austroads SADC Arab Mashreq

ASEAN
Asian Highway Standards
TEM

PART B – DETAIL PAGES
The following detail pages provide information on standards related to highway geometric design.
There are three sections, which cover
 individual countries
 multi-country standards
 special topics
The country pages are listed in alphabetical order.
The page layout is almost the same in each section. The exception is an initial “country” column in the
special topics pages. Each page has four sections: a documents table, some notes, some notes on
sources, and some weblinks.
The documents table has straight-forward details such as document name, publisher and year. The
column on the right, headed “Ref. No.”, Refers to the document identification number in the Editor’s
Document Management System (DMS).
The first column in each table (column A) sometimes contains a colour symbol against a particular
document. This indicates the document is available in the DMS.
The notes section provides additional information about the standards listed for the particular
country.
The “source notes” section gives an indication of whether the country’s standards are substantially
derived from those of another country.
The Links section gives a few links for follow-up research..
Road Design Standards 6.1 Part B Detail Pages Page 15

Contents
4 Country pages
1 Abu Dhabi ........................................................................................................................................ 18
2 Afghanistan ...................................................................................................................................... 21
3 Albania ............................................................................................................................................. 22
4 Algeria .............................................................................................................................................. 23
5 American Samoa.............................................................................................................................. 25
6 Andorra ............................................................................................................................................ 26
7 Anguilla ............................................................................................................................................ 27
8 Antigua and Barbuda ....................................................................................................................... 28
9 Armenia ............................................................................................................................................ 29
10 Australia ........................................................................................................................................... 30
11 Austria .............................................................................................................................................. 32
12 Bangladesh ...................................................................................................................................... 34
13 Belgium ............................................................................................................................................ 35
14 Bhutan .............................................................................................................................................. 36
15 Bolivia ............................................................................................................................................... 37
16 Botswana ......................................................................................................................................... 38
17 Brazil ................................................................................................................................................ 39
18 Canada ............................................................................................................................................. 40
19 Chile ................................................................................................................................................. 42
20 China ................................................................................................................................................ 43
21 Colombia .......................................................................................................................................... 45
22 Costa Rica........................................................................................................................................ 46
23 Croatia .............................................................................................................................................. 47
24 Cyprus .............................................................................................................................................. 48
25 Czech Republic ................................................................................................................................ 49
26 Ecuador ............................................................................................................................................ 51
27 Estonia ............................................................................................................................................. 52
28 Ethiopia ............................................................................................................................................ 53
29 Fiji ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
30 Finland ............................................................................................................................................. 56
31 France .............................................................................................................................................. 57
32 Georgia (Caucasus) ......................................................................................................................... 59
33 Germany .......................................................................................................................................... 60
34 Ghana .............................................................................................................................................. 61
35 Greece ............................................................................................................................................. 63
36 Honduras .......................................................................................................................................... 64
37 Hong Kong ....................................................................................................................................... 65
38 Hungary............................................................................................................................................ 67
39 Iceland .............................................................................................................................................. 68
40 India ................................................................................................................................................. 69
41 Indonesia.......................................................................................................................................... 70
42 Iran ................................................................................................................................................... 71
43 Ireland .............................................................................................................................................. 72
44 Italy................................................................................................................................................... 74
45 Kenya ............................................................................................................................................... 75
46 Latvia ................................................................................................................................................ 76
47 Libya ................................................................................................................................................. 77
48 Lithuania........................................................................................................................................... 78
49 Malawi .............................................................................................................................................. 79
50 Malta ................................................................................................................................................ 80
51 Mozambique..................................................................................................................................... 82
52 Nepal ................................................................................................................................................ 83
53 Netherlands ...................................................................................................................................... 84

54 Nigeria .............................................................................................................................................. 85
55 New Zealand .................................................................................................................................... 86
56 Norway ............................................................................................................................................. 87
57 Palestine .......................................................................................................................................... 88
58 Paraguay .......................................................................................................................................... 89
59 Peru .................................................................................................................................................. 90
60 Portugal ............................................................................................................................................ 91
61 Puerto Rico ...................................................................................................................................... 93
62 Qatar ................................................................................................................................................ 94
63 Romania ........................................................................................................................................... 95
64 Russia .............................................................................................................................................. 96
65 Samoa .............................................................................................................................................. 97
66 Saudi Arabia..................................................................................................................................... 98
67 Serbia ............................................................................................................................................... 99
68 Singapore ....................................................................................................................................... 100
69 Slovenia ......................................................................................................................................... 101
70 South Africa.................................................................................................................................... 102
71 Spain .............................................................................................................................................. 103
72 Sweden .......................................................................................................................................... 105
73 Switzerland..................................................................................................................................... 106
74 Tanzania ........................................................................................................................................ 107
75 Turkey ............................................................................................................................................ 108
76 Uganda ........................................................................................................................................... 109
77 UK .................................................................................................................................................. 111
78 USA ................................................................................................................................................ 113
79 Zambia ........................................................................................................................................... 115
5 Multi-country pages
1 Arab Mashreq................................................................................................................................. 116
2 ASEAN ........................................................................................................................................... 118
3 Asian Highway Standards .............................................................................................................. 119
4 Austroads ....................................................................................................................................... 120
5 SADC ............................................................................................................................................. 122
6 TAH ................................................................................................................................................ 123
7 TEM................................................................................................................................................ 124
6 Special topicss
1 Cycling and bikes ........................................................................................................................... 126
2 Non-Motorised Transport ............................................................................................................... 127
3 Streets ............................................................................................................................................ 128

4 Country pages

1 Abu Dhabi
Revised June 2016
Documents
A Document Publisher Year Language Ref. No.
Public realm design Abu Dhabi Urban Planning 2014 ? English 1972
manual Council
Roadway design manual Abu Dhabi department of 2014 English 2166

version 2 municipal affairs
Transportation impact Abu Dhabi Department of 2009 English 2275

study guidelines version Transport
1.1
Trip generation and Abu Dhabi Department of 2012 English 980

parking rates manual Transport
Urban street design Abu Dhabi Urban Planning 2013 ? English 1737
manual (version 1.1) Council
Utility corridors design Abu Dhabi Urban Planning 2011 English 2279
manual v. 1 Council
Walking and cycling Abu Dhabi Department of 2014 English 1970

master plan / part 1 Transport
network design
Walking and cycling Abu Dhabi Department of 2014 English 1983

master plan / part 2 Transport
application of guidelines
Guidelines for road Road Section, Abu Dhabi 1998 English 966
design, construction, Abu Municipality
Dhabi roadway design
manual
Road geometric design Abu Dhabi Department of 2013 English 1370

manual (3rd ed) Transport
Notes
Abu Dhabi is one of the Emirates of the UAE (United Arab Emirates).
The website which lists the guide to Abu Dhabi urban street infrastructure standards says “As
indicated, the documents listed above will have an Emirate-wide application in future. For
completeness and as an interim measure, until some of the above-mentioned documents have been
adopted, certain documents will still apply during the transition period”.
It also looks like some of the quoted standards may cover the same area.
Abu Dhabi now has a range of very good road and urban design guidelines, which include a number
of online tools such as the "Abu Dhabi Urban Street and Utility Design Tool".

Source Notes
The 2013 road geometric design manual was likely influenced by USA practice and manuals, as one
of the two companies which prepared it was a USA consultant, and the greater part of the references
refer to USA documents. However they do cover other countries as well, and the document review
consultant was an Australian company. The urban street design manual has a list of references which
also includes many from the USA, but the others come from a wide range of countries (including the
Netherlands and Germany), so that the document could be regarded as "independent".
Links
● Abu Dhabi Department of Transport
● Abu Dhabi Urban Planning Council
● Abu Dhabi Urban Street and Utility Design Tool

2 Afghanistan
Revised June 2016
Documents
Engineering manual for Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation 2014 English 2071

road and bridge sector and Development
(6th edition)
Rural roads manual Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation 2013 English 1597

and Development
Notes
In February 2013 ANSA, the Afghan National Standards Authority, issued a request for proposals
regarding the preparation of new standards and regulations. These are to include urban development,
and highway street codes. So far no other details available, nor on what earlier standards existed.The
Internet has reference to some Interim Road and Highway Standards, but no further details available
as yet.
Source Notes
Judging by the references, the Rural roads manual is influenced by reference works / guidelines from
the USA and from India. The Engineering manual is influenced by documents from Indian authors.
Links
● Afghan National Standards Authority
● Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development

3 Albania
Updated December 2014
Documents
Albania road design and construction MPWTT 2007 ? English 1155

standards ARDACS / Albanian road
design manal / ARDM 2 Geometric
Design
Albania road maintenance manual (parts MPWTT 2007 ? English -/-

I to IV)
Notes
Around 2007 the company EPTISA prepared a new highway design manual for Albania. They explain
that this material as it is exclusive right of Ministry of Public Works, Transportation and
Telecommunications (Albania). The document was developed as part of an EU-funded project
managed by the European Commission delegation in Albania.
The Delegation of the European Union to Albania indicated that the Albanian Road Construction and
Design Specifications,documents include the following:
ARCS 1 - General and Preparatory Works
ARCS 2 - Earthworks
ARCS 3 - Road Construction
ARCS 4 - Drainage
ARCS 5 - Structures
ARCS 6 - Road Equipment
ARCS 7 - List of Works
ARCS 8 – Requirement for Materials
ARDM 1 Guidelines for use

ARDM 2 Geometric Design
ARDM 3 Pavement Design
ARDM 4 Drainage
ARDM 5-1 Bridges
ARDM 5-1 Review Report
ARDM 5-2 Tunnels
ARDM 6 Road signs and markings
ARDM 7 Environment
Source Notes
Links

4 Algeria
Revised July 2016
Documents
40 - Normes Techniques Ministere des travaux publics 1977 French 1657

d'Amenagement des Routes
(~ technical standards for the
management of roads)
Conception et mise en cnerib 2005 French

oeuvre des travaux de VRD
(~ Design and
implementation of roads
and utility services)
Also of interest:
Cours de Route I, Chapitre TECHNOLOGIE-U.F.A.S 2013 French 2281

6. : Caractéristiques
Géométriques des routes
(Road design course ch 6:
geometric characteristics of
roads)
Notes
The main document for road design appears to be B40, although this was published as long ago as
1977. B40 is also used for major urban roads. The document for urban road design is the
"Conception et mise en oeuvre des travaux de VRD", published by the Centre National d'Etudes et de
Recherches Integrées du Bâtiment (cnerib) (~ National centre for integrated construction research
and studies). Design offices in Algeria also use French standards such as ICTAAL, ICTAVRU and
ARP.
There are other documents in the B series, such as B50 for traffic and economic studies.
Some aspects of road design in Algeria are also covered by the CCTP ( Controle Technique des
Travaux Publics ~ Technical control of public works), which has publications on road rehabilitation
and pavement design.
Also Engineer Adel Nehaoua of the Société d’études Techniques de Sétif, has published a series of
documents on road design, of which document 2281 above is one part.
The Ministry of Public Works website refers to three types or groups of roads:
● National roads
● Provincial roads
● Municipal roads
A major national road project is the Algerian East-West Highway project, which will eventually cover
1216 km and cost US$ 11 billion (Wikipedia).
Source Notes

Links
● Ministry of Public Works
● CCTP - Controle Technique des Travaux Publics
● cnerib

5 American Samoa
Revised June 2016
Documents
Notes
Wikipedia says that "American Samoa is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in
the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Samoa”. The country is very small, with a population of around
57,000.
Source Notes
It is likely that the country follows US practice on road design standards.
Links
●

6 Andorra
Added July 2016
Documents
Notes
Wikipedia says that
"Andorra is a sovereign landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern
Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. Created under a charter in A.D. 988,
the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy
headed by two Co-Princes – the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of
France".
The population is around 85,000.
Source Notes
It is possible that the country follows French practice on road design standards.
Links
● Andorra government website

7 Anguilla
Added October 2015
Documents
Notes
Wikipedia says that :
"Anguilla is a British overseas territory in the Caribbean. It is one of the most northerly of the
Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles, lying east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and
directly north of Saint Martin. The territory consists of the main island of Anguilla itself, together
with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population. The total land
area of the territory is 35 square miles with a population of approximately 13,500.”
Source Notes
It is likely that the country follows UK practice on road design standards.
Links
● Official government website

8 Antigua and Barbuda
Added October 2015
Documents
Notes
Wikipedia says that
"The politics of Antigua and Barbuda (is) a unitary, parliamentary, representative democratic
monarchy, in which the Head of State is the Monarch who appoints the Governor General as
vice-regal representative. Elizabeth II is the present Queen of Antigua and Barbuda, having
served in that position since the islands' independence from the United Kingdom in 1981"
The country is very small, with a population of around 91,000. English is the national language and,
like the UK, the country drives on the left. There are about 1200 km of roads, some two-thirds of
which are not paved.
Source Notes
No confirmed information but it is likely that the country follows UK practice / road design standards.
Links
● Official government website

9 Armenia
Added October 2015
Documents
Also of interest:
Armenia’s transport outlook (transport ADB 2011 English 2165

sector master plan)
Notes
A 1995 World Bank report (Ref. 1975) said:
“The Armenian roads are classified into five categories defined on the basis of traffic volume
only. The design standards are based on those used by the former Soviet Union. The geometric
standards of the existing roads are generally adequate except in difficult mountainous terrain
where hairpin bends and other reduced standards are common. The road carriageway and
shoulder design width are often too wide for the present traffic needs”.
The ADB's 2011 report (Ref. 2165) on "Armenia's transport outlook - transport sector master plan"
recommended the introduction of international design standards, particularly for geometry and
pavement design".
Armenia was part of the former Soviet Union. Recent advice is that Armenia uses Gost (Russian
standards) with guidance from AASTHO and EU documents, and is also developing its own local
standards. Gost standards are revised from time to time.
Wikipedia say s that some 958 km roads in Armenia form part of the Asian Highway Network,so
these roads are probably subject to the AHN multi-country design standard. Some Armenia roads
may perhaps be subject to the TENs standard as well.
Source Notes
Links
● Ministry of transport and communications

10 Australia
Updated June 2016
Documents
ACT design standards for ACT 2014 English 38

urban infrastructure, DS03
Road Design
Adelaide Design Manual Adelaide City Council 2016 English -/-
Canberra Central Design ACT English -/-

Manual
NSW bicycle guidelines RTA of NSW 2005 English 1607
Planning and designing for Main Roads Western Australia 2012 English 1973
pedestrians: guidelines
Road classifications, ARRB 2001 English 355

geometric designs and
maintenance standards for
low volume roads
Road planning and design Queensland department of 2015 English 2147 -

manual, 2nd edition (a total transport and main roads 2160
of 14 documents in
10/2015)
Streets for people Government of South Australia 2012 English 2291
VicRoads Supplement to VicRoads 2012 English 1590

the AGRD, Part 2 - Design
considerations
VicRoads Supplement to VicRoads 2012 English 1589

the Austroads AGRD, Part
3 - Geometric design
Notes
In December 2014 I split from this page any notes on the multi-country "Austroads" standards.
The existence of Austroads and the AGRD documents does not prevent other organisations in
Australia from producing their own standards, or modifications of the AGRD guidelines. For example

VicRoads (the road and traffic authority for the state of Victoria) has issued a number of documents
which supplement the AGRD, as well as a number of documents on designing for cyclists. Another
example is the "Road planning and design manual", from Queensland.
The Local Government and Municipal Knowledge Base (link) says that the Canberra Central Design
Manual is a design manual published by the Department of Territory and Municipal Services in
Canberra, and that it It covers the design of a range of assets including;
● Paving
● Signage
● Street Furniture
● Trees
● Lighting
● Public Art
In 2016 the citry of Adelaide opened a website for its new "Adelaide Design Manual", which is
basically on design of public spaces and streets. As the website says:
"The Adelaide Design Manual and its related documents is the product of an extensive
process of research and analysis that has considered a range of public realm guidance
developed at both the national and state level, and addresses a wide range of issues
regarding the design and management of public spaces in the City of Adelaide".
The resource documents available on the website are worth looking through. Chapter 2 for example
includes definitions of up to 13 different street types.
Source Notes
.Australia generally follows the Austroads multi-country design standards.
Links
● Adelaide Design Manual
● Canberra design standards for urban infrastructure
● Queensland road planning and design manual

11 Austria
Updated July2016
Documents
RVS 03.03.23 Freilandstrassen - FSV 2014 German -/-

Linienführung und Trassierung (~
alignment and route selection... for inter-
urban roads)
03.03.31 Querschnittselemente FSV 2005 German -/-

Freilandstraßen; Verkehrs- und Lichtraum
(“Cross-section Elements of Rural Roads;
Envelopes of Clearance“)
RVS 03.03.81 Ländliche Straßen und FSV 2011 German -/-

Güterwege (~rural roads and freight
routes)
RVS 03.04.12 Querschnittgestaltung von FSV 2001 German -/-

Innerortsstraßen (~design of urban road
cross-sections)
Also of interest
RVS 03.02.12 Fußgängerverkehr FSV 2015 German

(~designing for pedestrians)
RVS 03.02.13 Radverkehr (~designing for FSV 2014 German

bicycles)
RVS 03.07.32 Entwurfsgrundlagen für FSV 2010 German -/-

Garagen (~design basics for garages)
03.02.10 Nicht motorisierter Verkehr FSV 2014 German

(~facilities for non-motorised traffic)
Notes
The organisation responsible for the production of highway design standards in Austria is the FSV -
the Forschungsgesellschaft Straße - Schiene - Verkehr (Austrian Association for Research on Road -
Rail - Transport). The Publications page of the FSV website lists all the relevant documents, together
with date of issue and an indication as to whether they are still valid and whether they have been
updated.
The FSV documents list appear to group roads into three types
● Freilandstrassen (inter-urban roads)
● Ländliche Strassen (rural roads)
● Strassen im Ortsgebiet (urban roads)
Here, “Freilandstrassen” includes motorways.
Different documents cover different aspects - such as alignment, cross-sections etc.

Source Notes
Links
● FSV home page

12 Bangladesh
Updated July 2016
Documents
Bangladesh Road Design Planning Commission 2004 English 1465

Standards 2004
Geometric Design Standards RHD 2000 English 112

for Roads & Highways
Department (draft version 4)
Planning Guidelines for Rural LGED 2010 English 107

Road Master Plan
Road Design Standards for LGED / JICA 2005 English 2162

Rural Roads
Standard cross-sections for RHD 2014 English 687

RHD roads
Also of interesst
Improving rural transport GIZ (Germany) 2014 English

infrastructure - experience from
Bangladesh
Notes
The Roads and Highways Department (RHD) is part of the Bangladesh Ministry of Communications.
The RHD has a document on geometric design, the "Geometric Design Standards for RHD". The
version presently available for download from the RHD website is draft version 4 dated October 2000.
The "Bangladesh road design standards 2004" is a document from the Bangladesh Planning
Commission and is for "standard designs and costing for zila, upazila and union roads, bridges and
culverts".
LGED is the Local Government Enginnering Department, and its website says that the "Local
Government Engineering Department (LGED) is one of the largest public sector organizations in
Bangladesh entrusted for planning and implementation of local level rural urban and small scale water
resources infrastructure development programs".
In Bangladesh, people drive on the left side of the road, as in the UK.
Source Notes
The RHD document has five documents in its list of references, three of which are from the UK.
Links
● RHD home page
● LGED
● Bangladesh Planning Commission

13 Belgium
Updated July2016
Documents
Infrastructuuraanleg voor vmsw 2009 Dutch 1780

sociale woonprojecten
(Infrastructure for social
residential projects)
Infrastructuuraanleg voor Vmsw 2009 Dutch 1780

sociale woonprojecten
(Infrastructure for social
residential projects)
Pedestrians vademecum Brussels Capital Region 2012 Dutch 1781
Richtlijnen m.b.t. AWV 2012 Dutch 1775

verhardingsbreedtes op
gewestwegen (Information
regarding pavement widths on
regional roads)
Notes
It appears that there are no formal standards or regulations concerning road design in Belgium. Most
often road authorities refer to guidelines from other countries (e.g.the Netherlands). For specific
issues there exist circulars or guidelines that are developed by Belgian road authorities, but not all
these guidelines are publicly available.
Source Notes
.Links
● Belgian road and traffic agency
● Belgian road research centre

14 Bhutan
Updated July 2016
Documents
Road Survey and Design Manual Department of roads 2005
Road Design Manual Part-1

(Geometric Design of Rural
Roads)
Guidelines on Road Classification Ministry of Works 2009 English 846

System and Delineation of and Human
Construction and Maintenance Settlement
Responsibilities
Also of interest:
Bhutan Road Bill 2012 Government of 2012 English 869

Bhutan
Bhutan transport vision 2040 - ADB and others 2013 English 2120
integrated strategic vision
Notes
The population is still mainly rural, although more people are moving to urban areas. As recently as
2007, 21% of the population lived more than four hours away from the nearest all-season road.
A 2009 ADB publication (see below) referred to the Road Survey and Design Manual and the Road
Design Manual Part-1 (Geometric Design of Rural Roads) but no further details known as yet.
Earlier, in 2004, the Ministry of Works, Housing and Communications prepared a set of documents on
District Road Works. Documents from both these sets include geometric design details and typical
cross-sections. These documents are available from the Roads Industry Council website.
Source Notes
-/-
Links
● Ministry of works and human settlement
● RSTA Road safety and transport authority

15 Bolivia
Updated July 2016
Documents
Manual de carreteras, vol. 1 / Manual de ABC 2007 Spanish 894

diseno geometrico (highway manual vol.
1, manual on geometric design)
Also of interest
Guía Nacional 17 Normas Bolivianas Ministerio de 2015 Spanish

“Accesibilidad de las Personas Con Obras
Discapacidad al Medio Físico" (~Bolivian Públicas,
National Standards Guide 17 "Accessibility Servicios y
to the physical environment for persons Vivienda
with disabilities to the physical
environment")
Manal de diseno de calles par las ciudades Aire limpio / 2015 Spanish --
bolivianas (~Street design manual for Swisscontact
Bolivian cities)
Notes
Bolivia's Highway administration department (ABC - Administradora Boliviana de Carreteras)
introduced a series of new documents on highway engineering around early 2008. ABC's website
presently lists several documents, including:
● Volume I - manual on the geometric design of highways
● Volume II - manual on drainage and hydrology
● Volume III - manual of traffic control devices
● Volume IV - manual on the testing of soils and asphalt materials
Source Notes
Links
● ABC home page

16 Botswana
Updated July 2016
Documents
Botswana Road Design Manual volume Ministry of 2015 English

2: materials and pavement design Transport and
Communications
Notes
The Botswana Roads Department is currently updating the Botswana Road Design Manual. A “first
final draft” is now available for volume 2 of the manual. The foreword to the document says:
This Materials and Pavement Design Manual is one of a series of design manuals issued by the
Ministry of Transport and Communications. The Manual is part of the revised Botswana Road
Design Manual (BRDM) and the Standard Specification for Road and Bridge Works (SSRBW)
dated 1982.The five volumes of the revised BRDM are:
● Volume 1: Road Types and Geometric Design including Standard Survey Methods for
Roads and Bridges.
● Volume 2: Materials and Pavement Design.(this Manual)
● Volume 3: Hydrology and Road Drainage.
● Volume 4: Design of Bridges, Culverts and Other Types of Road Structures.
● Volume 5: Road Markings and Road Furniture
Source Notes.
The foreword to volume 2 also says:
This Manual is one of a series that is being developed under the Institutional Co-operation
Agreement between the Roads Department and the Norwegian Public Roads Administration
(NPRA).
Links
● Botswana Ministry of Transport and Communications

17 Brazil
Updated July2016
Documents
700: Glossário de termos técnicos DNIT 1997 Portuguese 2207

rodoviários (Glossary of technical terms)
706: Manual de projeto geometrico de DNER 1999 Portuguese 1798

rodo vias rurales (manual on the
geometric design of rural roads)
718: Manual de projeto de interseções DNER 2005 Portuguese 1662

(Intersections design manual)
740: Manual de projeto geométrico de DNIT 2010 Portuguese 2208

travessias urbanas (Geometric design
manual for urban crossings)
741: Manual De Projeto E Práticas DNIT 2010 Portuguese 1663

Operacionais Para Segurança Nas
Rodovias (manual on road design and
operation for safety)
Also of interest
Manual De Projetos E Programas Para Embarq 2014 Portuguese 2131

Incentivar O Uso De Bicicletas Em
Comunidades (manual of projects and
programs aimed at encouraging use of
bicycles in towns)
Notes
Brazil is the 5th largest country in the world in terms of area and of population. It has a population of
some 205 million persons.
Departamento Nacional De Infraestrutura de Transportes (DNIT) is Brazil's National department for

transport infrastructure. IPR (Instituto de Pesquisas Rodoviarias ( road research institute) is part of the
DNIT. The DNIT seems to have only a manual on geometric design of rural roads (and for example,
none for urban roads or motorways). DNIT document titles begin with an identification number.
Many of the 26 states of Brazil issue their own documents on highway geometrics and design. For
example the Department of Highways page of Minas Gerais for example lists documents in a series
on "Manual of procedures for the development of studies and projects in the field of highway
engineering" (plus several other documents).
Source Notes
It seems the DNIT documents are based on old AASHTO standards.
Links
● DNIT
● DNIT publications page

18 Canada
Added January 2016
Documents
Geometric design guide for Canadian TAC 1999 English -/-

roads 1999
Alberta highway design guide update Alberta 1999 English 1114

1999 transportation
Also of interest:
Pedestrian and bicycle facility design Regional 2015 English 2269

guidance municipality of (downl
Peel oad)
Complete Streets by Design - Toronto TCAT 2012 English 2268

streets redesigned for all ages and
abilities
Notes
The Transportation Association of Canada (TAC) website says that TAC "is a not-for-profit,
membership-based association that provides a neutral forum to exchange ideas and information on
technical guidelines and best practices related to the Canadian transportation and roadways sectors".
The website also says that "TAC does not set standards, but is THE source for roadway-related
technical documents, best practices, and national guidelines that are referenced in many jurisdictions
across the country". However the TAC documents can be seen as default national standards, in
particular the "Geometric design guide for Canadian roads".
The TAC documents do not prevent other local administrations from producing their own road design
standards. Robinson and others, writing in 2010 (ref.2267) say:
"There is no national road authority in Canada. Instead, constitutional responsibility for all roads
generally rests with the Provinces and we build a uniform consensus on geometric
designpractices across our country through the Transportation Association of Canada (TAC), a
not-for-profit organization that is funded by the Federal Government, Provincial and Territorial
Governments, Municipal Governments, and the private sector. TAC – under the technical
guidance of its Geometric Design Standing Committee – produces and publishes the Geometric
Design Guide for Canadian Roads.
Three Canadian Provinces (Ontario, Quebec, and Alberta) also publish their own distinct geometric
design guides which are generally based on the TAC GDG, and these often introduce additional
detail, or variations on design practices that are appropriate totheir particular road environments".
Other authorities produce their own documents - for example the regional municipality of Peel has
produced its own (and interesting) "pedestrian and bicycle facility design guidance" (ref. 2269).
TACs 1999 geometric design guide is somewhat out of date, and a new edition is being prepared,
with an expected publication towards the end of 2016.
Source Notes

A recent TAC publication (ref.2270) says that:
"The concept of complete streets .... is rapidly gaining technical, political and public importance
in Canadian communities, but to date it has received little attention at a national level. The
purpose of this briefing is to report on the status of complete streets in provincial and municipal
transportation agencies across Canada, and to accelerate the transfer of information and
lessons learned from moreexperienced TAC members
And
".... complete streets are those that can be used safely and comfortably by all road users
without regard to mode of travel, age, physical ability, or time of day; this concept is applicable
to many types of streets and physical contexts. Importantly, the phrase “complete streets” is not
applicable only to physical design solutions, and communities are increasingly using the idea as
the basis for more inclusive, integrated, healthy and sustainable processes around street
planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance".
The short document "Complete Streets by Design" (ref.2268) is a readable introduction to the topic.
References
2267 - Canada, "Country report: Canada - Pressures for Change: New Developments and Emerging
Issues in Canadian Geometric Design", Robinson et al, 4th ISHGD; 2010
2270 - Canada, TAC briefing note "Complete streets - policy and practice in Canada; 2015
Links
● TA (Transportation Association of Canada)

19 Chile
Updated July 2016
Documents
Manual de carreteras (Highway Ministerio de Obras 2016 Spanish 2294 - 2302

manual ) 2016 edition - a total of 9 Publicas and
volumes and 8 complementary 2074 - 2081
documents
Manuale de vialidad urbana Ministrio de Vivienda y 2009 Spanish 1103

Urbanismo
Also of interest:
Vialidad ciclo - inclusiva (~ inclusive Ministrio de Vivienda y 2015 Spanish
road design for bicycles) Urbanismo
Notes
In July 2016 the Roads Department of Chile's Ministry of Public Works issued a new and updated set
of documents related to highway construction and design. The 9 volumes are:
Dated 1997:
Volume 1 book II / Planificación, Evaluación y Desarrollo Vial TOMO II "Evaluación de Proyectos
Viales Interurbanos"(road planning, evaluation and development: inter-urban roads)
Dated 2016:
Volume 2 - Procedimientos de Estudios Viales (procedures for road studies)
Volume 3 - Instrucciones y Criterios de Diseño (instructions and criteria for design)
Volume 4 - Planos de Obras Tipo (drawings)
Volume 5 - Especificaciones Técnicas Generales de Construcción (general technical specifications for
construction)
Volume 6 - Seguridad Vial (road safety)
Volume 7 - Mantenimiento Vial (road maintenance)
Volume 8 - Especificaciones y Métodos de Muestreo, Ensaye y Control (specifications and methods
for sampling, testing and control)
Volume 9 - Estudios y Criterios Ambientales en Proyectos Viales (environmental studies and criteria
for road projects)
In March 2015 the Roads Department issued supplementary notes to volumes 2 to 9 of the 2014
edition of these documents.
Source Notes
Manual de Carreteras Vol. 3 section 3.206.6 lists design standards from several countries which it
says were used as references, including the USA, Germany and Switzerland. The text has several
references to AASHTO publications
Links
● Ministry of Public Works
● Ministry of housing and urban development

20 China
Added August 2016
Documents
公路工程技术标准 / highway Ministry of 2014 Chinese --

engineering standard Transport
(JTGB01-2014)
highway route design Ministry of 2006 Chinese --

specification (JTG D20-2006) Transport
Also of interest
城市道路工程设计规范 / 2012 Chinese --

Code for design of urban road
engineering (CJJ 37-2012)
无障碍设计规范 / Codes for 中华人民共和国住 2012 Chinese --

accessibility design (GB50763- 房和城乡建设部 /
2012)
Ministry of Housing
and Urban-Rural
Development
城市步行和自行车交通系统住房城乡建设部 2013 Chinese --

/ Urban and rural
规划设计导则 / City walking
housing construction
and cycling traffic system,
unit
planning and design
guidelines
Urban design manual for NMT World Bank 2013 English 2257
friendly neighbourhoods
Notes
In China, there are five classes of highways: arterials (expressways, grade-one and grade-two
highways), collectors
(grade-three highways) and locals (grade-four highways).
The highway route design specification has chapters on:

Chapter I: General Provisions
Chapter II: Cross-sectional
Chapter 3: Design elements
Chapter 4: Highway Cross
Chapter 5: structure and related ancillary facilities

Reference 2257 above focusses on China and includes a case study taken from Wuhan.
Source Notes
Links
● Ministry of Transport

21 Colombia
Updated July2016
Documents
Manual de Diseno Geometrico de Ministerio de 2008 Spanish 900

Carreteras Transporte,
Instituto
nacional de
vias
Also of interest
Manual para el diseño y construcción del Alcaldia de 2016 Spanish 2311

Espacio Público de Bucaramanga Bucaramanga (downlo
(~Manual on the design and construction ad)
of public spacesfor the city of
Bucaramanga)
Normas y especificationes para el diseno Dipartimento 1986 Spanish -/-

de carreteras di Antioquia
Notes
A paper by John J. Posada, Carlos A. González and Viviana Farbiarz (ref. 783) gives some useful
background on the development of road standards in Colombia. For example the authors say that
"Regulations of highway geometric design have existed in Colombia since early 1970. This
were defined for the national territory by government agencies, first by the Ministry of Public
Works (1970) and latter by the Ministry of Transportation (1998 and 2008).... The latest
version was issued by the Ministry of Transportation in 2009 and is applicable starting March of
the same year..... Additionally, local governments create standards that regulate roads within
their jurisdiction".
Source Notes
The paper referred to above also says that:
"A common feature between standards is the use of foreign resources. All of the Colombian
standard issues have been supported by standards developed in other countries. This needs to
be improved through the creation of research projects that resemble the characteristics of the
region, considering several of the elements, such as: friction factors, design vehicles,
topography, among others."
Links
● Ministerio de Transporte, Instituto nacional de vias
● National highways institute

22 Costa Rica
Updated July 2016
Documents
Manual de especificaciones generales MOPT 2010 Spanish 1874

para la construccion de carreteras,
caminos y puentes / CR-2010 (Manual
of general specifications for the
construction of highways, roads and
bridges)
Guía para el análisis y diseño de COSEVI 2011 Spanish 2130

seguridad vial de márgenes de
carreteras (guideline on the road safety
analysis and design of road margins)
Notes
The best information is that Costa Rica, as with some other countries, does not have its own highway
geometric design standards, but uses the multi-country standards developed by SICA.
COSEVI is the Consejo de Seguridad Vial (Road Safety Council).
The document above deals with construction rather than design.
Source Notes.
Links
● Ministry of public works and transportation
● COSEVI

23 Croatia
Added November 2015
Documents
Design standards for rural and regional Miniistry of 2001 English 2179
roads (approximate title) maritime affairs,
transport and
communications
Notes
Croatia presently uses tandards based on German standards for road geometric design. Pavement
structure design is based on the Croatian JUS standard and AASHTO publications.
Further research
The Croatian Roads website has some documents on road construction, tunnels etc. The Ministry of
Maritime Affairs, Transport and Infrastructure also has some relevant documents on its "regulations"
page (documents on topics such as changes to road classification, safety requirements in tunnels).
The University of Zagreb has a department of transportation engineering which can be a source of
information on road design in Croatia.
Source Notes
Links
● Ministry of Maritime Affairs, Transport and Infrastructure

24 Cyprus
Added March 2015
Documents
Geometric Design Standards

for Inter-Urban and Rural
Roads in Cyprus
Geometric Design Standards

for Urban Roads in Cyprus
Also of interest
Nicosia public transport Ministry of 2011 English 2039

enhancement programme - Communications and
sustainable transport guidelines Works
Streetscape manual Ministry of 2010 English 1791

Communications and
Works
Notes
Wikipedia says that "Cyprus is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Cyprus is the third
largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, and a member state of the European
Union.
MCW = Ministry of Works and Communications. The Nicosia sustainable transport guidelines draw
heavily on UK publications, but also include reference to a New Zealand guidelne.
Source Notes
Details of the geometric design standards were provided by the Public Works Department of the
MCW.
.Links

25 Czech Republic
Revised July 2016
Documents
ČSN 73 6101 Projektování Czech Standards 2004 Czech 2037

silnic a dalnic (design of Institute
highways and motorways)
ČSN 73 6102 ed.2 Projektování Czech Standards 2012 Czech …

křižovatek na pozemních Institute
komunikacích (Design of
intersections on highways, 2nd
edition)
ČSN 73 6110 Projektování Czech standards 2006 Czech 1186

místních komunikací (design of institute
urban roads)
ČSN 73 6110 amendment no. 1 Ministry for regional 2010 Czech 1792
development
Also of interest:
ČSN 73 6056 Odstavné a Czech Standards 2011 Czech

parkovací plochy silničních Institute
vozide (~parking areas for road
vehicles)
ČSN 73 6058 Hromadné garáže. Czech Standards 2011 Czech

Základní ustanovení (~ Multi- Institute
storey and underground
garages. Basic principless)
Notes
The forward to the 2004 edition of ČSN 73 6101, commenting on changes to the previous standard,
appears to say:
This standard regulates and complements the previous CSN intended to ensure conditions for
enhancing road safety and allow the application of new technical knowledge in the design of
roads and highways. Change in design categories including, in particular, single-lane roads,
four-lane divided highway guardrail direction for suburban sections and six-lane highways and
expressways.
The content and scope of articles on stretches of road transit villages, increasing the number of
lanes, routes and spatial solutions drainage has been adjusted to reflect the current
requirements. The average height of the driver's eye above the ground considered for the
calculations outlook was changed from 1.2 m to 1.0 m.

Content standards spread of provisions for loading and through space and amenities roads and
highways transport telematics.
A major change is the introduction of standard speed (in European countries known as the
speed of 85 ) for the design and assessment of design elements that have a significant impact
on driving safety in terms of the parameters of the road or highway. (Note: this speed is the
operational speed – 85 % of drivers will use this speed or lower on the wet road without limiting
by other traffic).
Another major change is a new look at the quality of traffic flows, its evaluation and use in your
designs roads and highways.
The amendment of standard ČSN 73 6110 from 2010 contains changes due to a new law on
parameters for disabled persons.
Source Notes
I believe Czech designers also refer to German standards
Links
● Ministry of regional development
● Ministry of transport
● Transport Research Centre (CDV)

26 Ecuador
Updated September 2015
Documents
NEVI 12 volume 2A: norma MTOP 2013 Spanish 1746

para estudios y disenos viales
(standards for road studies and
designs)
NEVI 12 volume 2B: norma MTOP 2013 Spanish 1752

para estudios y disenos viales
(standards for road studies and
designs)
Also of interest
La situación de la bicicleta en FES / ILDIS 2015 Spanish 2136

Ecuador: avances, retos y
perspectivas (The situation of
cycling in Ecuador : progress ,
challenges and prospects)
Notes
Ecuador's Ministry of Transport and Public Works (MTOP) recently published a new series of
documents on the design and construction of land transport facilities, NEVI-12 (NEVI is an
abbreviation of Norma Ecuatoriana Vial). The website lists 6 separate volumes and two
supplementary volumes. The two parts of volume 2 deal with road geometric design.
1. Procedures for road projects
2A Standards for road studies and designs
2B Standards for road studies and designs
3 General specifications for the construction of roads and bridges
4 Manual for environmental studies for land transport infrastructure works
5 Procedures for operation and road safety
6 Road maintenance
Supplementary 1 - Manual on economic evaluation of transport infrastructure projects
Supplementary 2 - Manual on quality control of the construction of transport infrastructure projects
Source Notes
.Links
● MTOP NEVI 12 web page

27 Estonia
Updated July 2016
Documents
EVS 843: 2016 "Linnatänavad"( "City EVS 2016

Streets")
RTL 2000, 23, 303 - Tee projekteerimise EVS 2000 Estonian 1095
normid ja nõuded (~Road design
standards and requirements)
Notes
EVS is the Estonian centre for standardisation
Source Notes
Links
● Estonian Road Administration
● Estonian Centre for Standardisation (EVS)

28 Ethiopia
Updated September 2015
Documents
Design manual for low volume roads part Ethiopian 2002 English 1005
A (introduction to low volume road design) roads
authority
B (design standards for low volume roads) roads
authority
C (complementary interventions) roads
authority
D (explanatory notes for low volume road roads
design) authority
Geometric Design Manual with appendices Ethiopian 2013 English 1978

Final - Appendix roads
authority

Final - Chapter 1-4 roads
authority

Final - Chapter 13-14 roads
authority

Final - Chapter 5 roads
authority
Geometric Design Manual with appendices authority 2013 English 1977

Final - Chapter 6-12
Geometric design manual Ethiopian 2002 English 1063

roads
authority
Notes
The Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA) has a webpage with download links for its various design
manuals. These include the old (2002) edition of the geometric design manual and most of the new,
2013 edition (chapter 5 is missing from the download page).
Other manuals available from this page include:

● Bridge design manual
● Geometric design manual
● Drainage design manual
● Road design manual - 2013 version

● Design manual for low volume roads
● Pavement design manual, volumes I and II
Source Notes
Links
● ERA Ethiopian Roads Authority

29 Fiji
Added January 2015
Documents
Notes
Fiji is an island country with a population of around 860,000. One estimate says there are some
11,000 km of road (ref.1), and probably less than half of these are sealed . Advice is that the rural
roads are generally based on Austroads standards, whilst a "Safe Systems" approach is now being
used for urban roads.
Source Notes
References
1 How a team of Kiwis overhauled the Fiji roads system 2015
.Links
● Fiji roads authority

30 Finland
Updated July 2016
Documents
Tien suuntauksen suunnittelu (Road Finnish 2013 Finnish 1159

alignment desgn) Transport
Agency
Helsingin katutila ja kaupunkikuva Helsinki 2004 Finnish 2145

– ohjeita ja esimerkkejä (Helsinki street transport
space and townscape, instructions and planning
examples) department
Katupoikkileikkausten Suunnitteluohjeet Helsinki 2001 Finnish 2144

(road cross-sections, instructions) transport
planning
department
Also of interest
Jalankulku- ja pyöräilyväylien suunnittelu Finnish 2004

(~Pedestrian and bike lanes planning Transport
guidelines) Agency
Notes
The Finland standard on road alignment design is Transport agency guideline 30 / 2013
(Liikenneviraston ohjeita 30/2013). The city of Finland's website has some detailed documents on
street designs and cross-sections.
Some information obtained with the help of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of
the University of Aalto.
Kulkulaaria - walking and cycling national databank - makes available a number of documents on
designing for pedestrians and cyclists.
Source Notes
Links
● Finnish transport agency
● Finnish Road Association
● Kulkulaaria - walking and cycling national databank

31 France
Updated July 2016
Documents
ARP - Aménagement des routes SETRA 1994 French 1831

principales (planning of main roads)
ICTAAL - Instruction sur les conditions SETRA 2015 French link

techniques d'amenagement des
autoroutes de liaison (Guide on technical
design of motorways)
ICTAVRU - Instruction sur les conditions Certu 2009 French 1829

techniques d'amenagement des voies
rapides urbanes (Guide on technical
design of urban freeways)
Le Plan de mobilité rurale (Rural mobility CEREMA 2016 French

plan) (update)
Voirie urbaine - Guide d'aménagement CEREMA 2016 French link

(~Urban roads design guide)
Also of interest
Comprendre les principaux parametres de SETRA 2006 French 1889

conception geometrique des routes
(understanding the principle parameters
for the geometric design of roads)
Guide espaces publics communautaires LACUB 2009 French 1833

(guide on design of public open spaces)
Guide pour la conception des GRANDLYO 2012? French 1835

amenagements cyclables (Guide on the N
planning of cycle routes)
Notes
ICTAAL has a new edition of its "Instruction sur les conditions techniques d'amenagement des
autoroutes de liaison (Guide on technical design of motorways). The document Guide espaces
publics communautaires (guide on design of public open spaces) includes a number of cros-section
illustrations.
In January 2014 a number of independent organisations, including SETRA and Certu, were merged
into a new organisation called "Cerema" (Centre of expertise and research into safety, the
environment, mobility and planning).
There is also a website, apparently under Cerema, called the DTRF (La Documentation des
Techniques Routières Françaises ~ documents on French road techniques). Presently this says that
documents from two relevant organisations are not being added to this document library. The two
organisations are:
● DTecTV (Centre de documentation de la Direction technique Territoires et ville)

● IFSTTAR (Institut français des sciences et technologies des transports, de l’aménagement et
des réseaux ~ French Institute of Sciences and Technologies fortransport, development and
resources)
The DTRF did not seem easy to use in the past, and now CEREMA plans to improve and update the
DTRF site during 2016.
Source Notes
Links
● Cerema
● DTRF

32 Georgia (Caucasus)
Added December 2014
Documents
SST Gzebi:2009 / Georgia road design LEPL 2009 English 1389

standards National
Agency for
Standards
Notes
The document “SST Gzebi:2009” appears only to apply to "public motor roads". It gives details of
geometrical and structural requirements. Meanwhile a document (ref. 1393) for the Municipal
Development Fund in 2013 said that:
The Georgian norms SST Gzebi:2009, TEM standard and AASHTO standard were applied
during preparation of the design documentation for Modernization of Tbilisi~Rustavi section
(Section 2) of the Tbilisi~Redbridge(Azebaijani Boarder) road as well as such other design-
construction norms.
● Design for road – TEM Standard (Trans-European North-south Motorway)
● Design for Bridges and overpasses – AASHTO Standard
.
And that
Application of various norms and standards is caused by the fact the Georgian National
Standards are not comprehensive and do not include all required norms and regulations and
still under elaboration
Another document (ref. 1394 of 2011) says that the Government of Georgia has adopted international
legislation including on the Asian Highway (AH), 2001 and the • Trans-European Motorway (TEM),
1992.
Source Notes.
References
1393 “EE for Tbilisi Rustaviurban link section 2”, Municipal Development Fund (2013)
1394 Gvenetadze et al, “Safety directions of road transport in Georgia”, Inland Transport Security
Discussion Forum OSCE-UNECE Roundtable (2011)
Links

33 Germany
Updated July 2016
Documents
RIN - Richtlinien für integrierte fgsv 2008 German 1784

Netzgestaltung (Guidelines for the
development of integrated networks)
RAA - Richtlinien für die Anlage von fgsv 2008 German 1615
Autobahnen (Guidelines for the
construction of motorways)
RASt - Richtlinien für die Anlage von fgsv 2006 German 1006
Stadtstrassen (Guidelines for the
construction of urban roads)
RAL - Richtlinien für die Anlage von fgsv 2012 German -/-
Landstrassen (Guidelines for the
construction of rural roads)
Also of interest:
ERA 2010: Grundlage für Planung & fgsv 2010 German -/-
Betrieb von Radverkehrsanlagen
(principles for the design and operation
of cycling facilities)
Musterlösungen für Ministerium für 2016 German

Radverkehrsanlagen in Baden- Verkehr und
Württemburg (~Best practice examples Infrastruktur
for bicycle infrastructure in Baden- Baden-
Württemburg) Württemberg
Notes
The Richtlinien (guideline) documents are published by Germany's FGSV, (Road and Transportation
Research Association) which is a non-profit organisation with members from both engineering and
scientific backgrounds. The fgsv documents are widely respected, and are used in a number of other
countries (for example, Greece). The document ERA 2010 has been fully translated into Czech.
English language versions of RAA and RASt are available from the fgsv.
Source Notes
Independent, integrated set of standards, recently updated
.Links
● fgsv

34 Ghana
Updated July 2016
Documents
Geometric design guide Ghana Highway 1991 English -/-

Authority
Traffic Calming Design Guideline Ministry of 2007 English 2292

Transportation
Also of interest
Intermediate means of transport: an DfID UK / 2003 English 2234

extended review paper with special University of
reference to Ghana Durham
NMT - the Ghana experience Centre for 2011 English 2237

(presentation) Cycling
Experience
Ghana country report on geometric 5th International 2015 ? English 2293

design Symposium on
Highway
Geometric
Design (ISHGD)
Ghana National Spatial Data Strategy Government of 2015 English

2015 - 2035 Ghana
Notes
Ghana is a country in West Africa, and has a population of some 27 million. The official language is
English.
In 2015 Engineer Magnus Quarshie presented a paper (ref. 2293) at the 5th ISHGD which explained
the present situation with road design standards in Ghana. He referred to the Geometric design guide
and said that "It has become fairly common for American, European and British publications to be
consulted in the design process where the Geometric Design Manual is found wanting." He also
writes critically of problems such as lack of consistency in road design in Ghana, and says "there is
the need for a new design standards and manuals for our rural roads, highways and urban roads".
The paper also gives notes on background, such as:
● The Ghana Highway Authority (GHA) was established in 1974 with responsibility for the
administration, control, development and maintenance of the country's trunk road network.
● The Department of Urban Roads (1988) and Department of Feeder Roads (1980) are
responsible for supervision of works on roads in urban settlements and connecting rural
settlements respectively.
Mr. Quarshie’s presentation on NMT in Ghana (ref. 2237) is also of interest.

Source Notes
Links
Ministry of roads and highways (MRH)
Ghana Institute of Engineers

35 Greece
Revised June 2016
Documents
"ΟΜΟΕ-Χ" - Οδηγίες Ministry of Infrastructures, 2001 Greece

Μελετών Οδικών Έργων- Transport and Networks
Χαράξεις / (Guidelines for
Road Works-Highway
Alignment)
Notes
Greece's Ministry of Infrastructures, Transport and Networks published a series of guidelines for the
design of highways (Οδηγίες Μελετών Οδικών Έργων or "ΟΜΟΕ") from1999. One of these is a
guideline on geometric design, "ΟΜΟΕ-Χ" which was published in 2001 and which covers rural
highways. It is based mainly on the German guideline RAS-L.
Source Notes
To an extent based on German design standards such as the RAS-L..
Links
● Ministry of Infrastructure, Transport and Networks

36 Honduras
Documents
Tomo 3 - Instrucciones De Diseño SOPTRAVI 1996 Spanish 1943

(~ design instrucions
Notes
The "year" date of 1996 is indicated in the document headings. The documents were published by the
Honduras Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Housing (SOPTRAVI) in 8 volumes (see below).
Volume 3 deals with geometric design.
● Tomo 1 (Información General, Administración y Contratos)

● Tomo 2 (Reconocimiento y Trazado De Caminos)
● Tomo 3 (Instrucciones De Diseño)
● Tomo 4 (Diseño De Pavimentos y Mantenimiento De Caminos)
● Tomo 5 (Especificaciones Generales Para La Construcción)
● Tomo 6 (Drenaje y Puentes)
● Tomo 7 (Planos De Obra Tipo)
● Tomo 8 (Guía Ambiental Para Proyectos Viales)
Roughly translated as:

1. General information, administration and contracts
2. Identification and route alignment
3. Design instructions
4. Pavement design and maintenance
5. General construction specifications
6. Drainage and structures
7. Other works
8. Environmental design guide
Source Notes
.Links

37 Hong Kong
Updated October 2015
Documents
APP111 - Design of car parks Building Authority 2011 English 1466

and loading/unloading facilities
Hong Kong planning standards Planning Department 2006 English 2169

and guidelines, chapter 11:
urban design guidelines

urban design guidelines

internal transport facilities

internal transport facilities
Transport planning and design Transport Department 2001 English 55

manual, chapter 2, "Highway
design characteristics"
Transport planning and design Transport Department 2001 English

manual, chapter 7, "Parking"
Also of interest:
Cycling study, final report Transport Department 2004 English 2000
Notes
The introduction to chapter 7 of the Transport planning and design manual (TPDM) says that the
manual consists of 11 volumes:
1. Transport planning (ref. 2167)
2. Highway design characteristics (ref. 55)
3. Traffic signs and road markings
4. Road traffic signals
5. Accident investigation and prevention
6. Traffic and environmental management

7. Parking (ref. 2001)
8. Survey
9. Public transport (ref. 2003)
10. Surveillance
11. Tunnels
The Hong Kong Planning Department has issued its Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines.
As at June 2015 the chapters in these planning standards are:
Ch1 Introduction
Ch2 Residential Densities
Ch3 Community Facilities
Ch4 Recreation, Open Space & Greening
Ch5 Industry
Ch6 Retail Facilities
Ch7 Utility Services
Ch8 Internal Transport Facilities (ref. 2168)
Ch9 Environment
Ch10 Conservation
Ch11 Urban Design Guidelines
Ch12 Miscellaneous Planning Standards & Guidelines
Source Notes
.Links
● Hong Kong Highways Department
● Hong Kong Planning Department
● Hong Kong Transport Department

38 Hungary
Documents
Közutak tervezése (KTSZ) MAUT 2008 Hungarian 2170

(Road Planning) ref. e-UT
03.01.11
UT 2-1-201:2004 Road
planning: General road design
regulations and special
requirements for design of
motorways, rural and urban
roads.
Also of interest:
e-UT 02/03/32 Design of MAUT 1998 Hungarian -/-

parking garages
Notes
MAUT is the name ofthe Hungarian Road Society. The MAUT website says:
The best experts of various organizations such as highway administrative agencies, research
institutes, design and consulting companies, construction enterprises and local governments
are participating in the activity of the Society, reflecting the wide scope of technical regulation
problems and common interests. The Society is preparing technical regulations within 30
working groups, in coordination with the executives of the highway administration and submits
them for approval for use in the national highway network. At the same time - in accordance
with the European practice - the guidelines are recommended to local governments.
Source Notes
.Links
MAUT (Hungarian Road Society)

39 Iceland
Revised July 2016
Documents
Veghönnunarreglur (~ road Icelandic Road and Coastal 2010 Icelandic 2288

design regulations) Administration (IRCA)
Also of interest:
Hönnun fyrir reiðhjól City of Reykjavik 2012 Icelandic 2289

Leiðbeiningar (Regulations
on designing for bicycles)
Hönnun stofnbrauta í Icelandic Road and Coastal 2014 Icelandic

borgarumhverfi og þéttri Administration (IRCA) and
byggð (~ Designing main MANNVIT
roads in urban and dense
residential areas) - research
work
Stefna um notkun nýrra Icelandic Road and Coastal 2011 Icelandic 2287
veghönnunarreglna (Policy Administration (IRCA)
on the use of the new
design regulations)
Notes
The principal document for road design is the Veghönnunarreglur (~ road design regulations). Copies
can be downloaded from the website of the IRCA. Where local standards are not sufficient, engineers
in Iceland use Norwegian standards, and if appropriate also German, Swedish and Danish standards.
The USA's Highway Capacity Manual is also referred to.
Source Notes
The Veghönnunarreglur are based on guidelines from a number of European countries, including
Norway, Germany, Sweden and Denmark.
Links
● VEGAGERDIN - Icelandic Road and Coastal Administration (IRCA)

40 India
Documents
IRC SP: 73 Manual for Planning Commission 2007 English 1566

standards and specification for (reprint
two laning laning of state 2010)
highways on BOT basis
IRC: 73 Geometric design IRC 1980 / English 293

standards for rural (non-urban) 1990
highways
IRC: 86 Geometric design IRC 1983 / English 93

standards for urban roads in 1991
plains
IRC: SP: 84 Manual for Planning Commission 2010 English 1555

standards and specification for
two laning of highways through
PPP
IRC: SP: 87 Manual for Planning Commission English n/a

standards and specification for
six laning of highways through
PPP
Also of interest:
Street design guidelines .... for UTTIPEC / Delhi 2010 English 1450
equitable distribution of road Development Authority
space
Notes
The most important source of documents on standards for road design in India is the Indian Road
Congress (IRC). A catalogue of publications available for sale can be downloaded from the IRC
website.
The Delhi street design guideline is also an interesting document. It includes details on pedestrian
zones, non-motorised transport, street lighting, underground utilities, and a selection of street cross-
sections.
It seems that India’s Border Roads Organisation has a design manual for mountain roads, but no
details are so far available.
Source Notes
.Links
● IRC India Roads Congress

41 Indonesia
Documents
RSNI-T-XX-2008 Standar BSN (National 2008 Indonesian Yes

geometri jalan bebas hambatan Standardization
untuk jalan tol (geometry for Agency)
freeways and highways)
RSNI T-14-2004 Geometri BSN (National 2014 Indonesian Yes

Jalan Perkotaa (urban road Standardization
geometry) Agency)
SNI 03-6967-2003: BSN (National 2003 Indonesian Yes

Persyaratan umum sistem Standardization
jaringan dan geometrik jalan Agency)
perumahan (Indonesia National
Standard for networks and
residential streets)
Notes
The Indonesian documents quoted are published by the Indonesian National Standardization Agency.
However the government body responsible for roads is the Directorate General of Land
Transportation.
The Delhi street design guideline is also an interesting document. It includes details on pedestrian
zones, non-motorised transport, street lighting, underground utilities, and a selection of street cross-
sections.
It seems that India’s Border Roads Organisation has a design manual for mountain roads, but no
details are so far available.
Source Notes
.Links
● Directorate General of Land Transportation

42 Iran
Updated February 2015
Documents
Code 415 Road geometric MOPRG 2012 Persian Yes

design code
Also of interest:
Code 161 Road geometric MOPRG 1996 Persian No

design code
Notes
MOPRG is the Management and Planning Organisation of Iran.
Iran is covered by the Asian Highway Standards.
Source Notes
.Links
● MPORG website

43 Ireland
Updated July 2016
Documents
Design manual for urban roads and DTTAS 2013 English 859
streets
TD10 - Road link design for type 2 and NRA 2007 English 1195
type 3 dual carriageways
TD27 - cross-sections and headroom NRA 2011 English 1196
TD9 - Road link design NRA 2012 English 1190
Also of interest:
National cycle manual NTA 2011 English 1116
Traffic management guidelines Department of 2003 English

Transport
Notes
The National Roads Authority (NRA) is responsible for Ireland's national road network. County
councils are responsible for the local and regional roads. The NRA has a standards website, from
which documents relating to the design, construction and maintenance of national roads can be
accessed.
The Department of Transport, Tourism and Sport (DTTAS) has specific objectives concerning roads.
These include:
● ensure, as far as possible, the provision of a safe and efficient network of national roads,
● ensure, as far as possible, the provision of a safe and efficient network of regional and local
roads
The Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government (DECLG) is a ministry
responsible for local government. The DECLG and the DTTAS were responsible for the new design
manual for urban roads and streets, which was issued in March 2013.
There is an organisation, Transport Infrastructure Ireland (TII) which “is responsible for managing and
improving the country's national road and light rail networks”. In June 2016 TII launched a publications
website, which offers access to documents such as standard cross-sections.The DTTAS also has a
publications website.
Source Notes
Wikipedia says that:

"Rather than create a separate design manual for roads in the Republic of Ireland, the UK's
Design Manual for Roads and Bridges has also applied in the Republic of Ireland since 2001,
with an additional addendum inserted by the National Roads Authority to cater for local
conditions in the country. In this form it is known as the NRA Design Manual for Roads and
Bridges or NRADMRB. The Irish version incorporates Volumes 1,2, 4-8 and part of Volume 9 of
the UK DMRB".
Several documents are based on UK standards.
.Links
● Department of transport, tourism and sport
● NRA Standards
● National Roads Authority (NRA)
● TII publications website

44 Italy
Documents
Norma CNR-78-1980 - Norme CNR 1980 Italian 766

sulle caratteristiche
geometriche delle strade extra-
urbane
Norme funzionali e Ministry of Infrastructure 2006 Italian 1203

geometriche per la and Transport
costruzione delle intersezioni
stradali
Norme funzionali e Ministry of Infrastructure 2001 Italian 1200

geometriche per la costruzione and Transport
delle strade
orma per gli interventi di Ministry of Infrastructure 2006 IItalian 1202

adeguamento delle strade and Transport
esistenti (21. Marzo 2006) (~
standards for upgrading of
existing roads)
Notes
The standards are published by the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport. Much research on road
design is carried out by the CNR, the National Research Council.
A useful site for copies of Italian design standards is Stradelandia (see link below).
Source Notes
.Links
● Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport
● CNR

45 Kenya
Documents
Design manual for roads and Ministry of Roads 2009 English 1608
bridges, part 1a / geometric
design (Draft version of
October 2009)
Road design manual part 1 - Ministry of Works 1979 English 1689

geometric design of rural roads
Notes
It seems that the EU funded an update of Kenya's road and bridge design manuals and specifications
around 2008. No other information available so far, but there are are probably other related
documents.
The 2009 document covers both urban and rural roads.
The 1979 manual superceded the preceding manual of 1970, and was itself superceded by the 2009
manual.
Source Notes
In Kenya, people drive on the left side of the road (as the UK). In fact, the country was a former British
colony, gaining independence in 1963.
I suspect that the 1979 standards are related to UK standards.
.Links
● Kenya urban roads authority
● Kenya rural roads authority

46 Latvia
Documents
AUTOCEĻU PROJEKTĒŠAN RTU / TU 2006 Latvian 1769

(road design)
LVS 190-1:2000 Road design LVS 2012 Latvian -/-

and geometry
Notes
Technical standards on roads are published by the LVS (Latvian standards authority). The standards
can be purchased on-line from their "e-store". Note that although the document number includes
"2000" the LVS website says it was approved and came into force in 2012.
Other current documents listed on the LVS website include:

LVS 190-1:2000 Road design and geometry
LVS 190-2:2007 Technical parameters, standard cross sections of roads
LVS 190-2:2007 /A1:2010 Technical parameters, standard cross sections of roads
LVS 190-2:2007 /A2:2013 Technical parameters, standard cross sections of roads
LVS 190-3:2012 Road design specifications. Part:3. Road junctions at grade
LVS 190-4:2001 Split level road junctions
LVS 190-4:2001 /A1:2002 Split level road junctions
Riga Technical University's Transport Institute published a guide to road design "AUTOCEĻU
PROJEKTĒŠANA" (2006), which is largely based on Latvian standards.
Source Notes
.Links
● LVS

47 Libya
Documents
Road design manual Roads and transport 2014 ? --

authority
Notes
The Jordanian company CEC announced that it is preparing a new Road Design Manual for Libya.
The document is not yet available
Source Notes
.Links

48 Lithuania
Documents
PĖSČIŲJŲ IR DVIRAČIŲ TAKŲ RDA 2012 Lithuanian 1740

PROJEKTAVIMO REKOMENDACIJOS
R PDTP 12 (walking and cycling design
guidelines)
STATYBOS TECHNINIS RDA 2001 Lithuanian 1741

REGLAMENTAS STR 2.06.03:2001
AUTOMOBILIŲ KELIAI (Construction
Technical Regulation STR 2.06.03:2001
ROADS)
Notes
The Lithuanian Road Administration under the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the
Republic of Lithuania
"is an enterprise founded by the Government of the Republic of Lithuania which is in charge of
organizing and co-ordinating the reconstruction, maintenance and development of the roads of
national significance".
Source Notes
.Links
● Lithuanian Road Development Administration

49 Malawi
Updated January 2015
Documents
Design manual for low volume sealed MTPW 2013 English 1098
roads
Design manual for low volume sealed MTPW 2013 English 2012
roads using the DCP design method
Also of interest:
AICD country report - Malawi: Malawi’s World Bank 2010 English 2248
Infrastructure: A Continental Perspective
Notes
Malawi has a population of around 16 million.
Advice is that Malawi uses the "multi-country" Southern Africa Transport and Communications
Commission (SATCC) design standards, SATCC Code of Practice for Geometric Design of Trunk
Roads.
There is an interesting paragraph in (ref. 2248) which says:

“There is some evidence that Malawi’s road network is overengineered in places. About 20
percent of the main road network was found to be overengineered, meaning that paving has
been applied to roads with traffic volumes below the typical300-vehicle-per-day threshold. This
is also consistent with the finding that Malawi’s paved road density is far above that of its low-
income peers, while average annual daily traffic (at 600 vehicles per day) is substantially below
such peers (over 1,000 vehicles per day). The combination of relatively high road sector
spending, apparent overpaving, and underfunding of maintenance suggest that there may be a
case for shifting resources away from investment toward asset maintenance”.
Source Notes
.Links
● Malawi Roads Authority

50 Malta
Documents
Design manual for roads and bridges Malta 2003 English 841
Transport
Authority
Also of interest:
Access for all, design guidelines knpd 2011 English 1631
Development control design policy, MEPA (Malta 2014 English 2171

guidance and standards 2014 environment
and planning
authority
Notes
The summary of the publication says:
“This hand book has been prepared by Prof. Dr. Heinrich Semar for use on national road
schemes in Malta. It contains extracts from those Standards contained in the ADT Design
Manual for Roads and Bridges (ADT DMRB) that relate to the Geometric Design of Roads.The
ADT DMRB is based on the UK Design Manual for Roads and Bridges. The information has
been selected to represent the most frequently used sections of the Standards. The user
should, therefore, be aware that additional information is available in the full Design Manual”.
Engineer Perit Scicluna writes on his web-blog (here) that

"the latest Transport Malta Standards and Specifications are known as New Roads and Road
Works Regulations, 2010 and supersede those of 2003. The New Roads and Road Works
Regulations consist of 7 Volumes, namely:
Volume 1 – Specifications for Road Works
Volume 2 – Notes for Guidance on the Specification for Road Works
Volume 3 – Road Construction Details
Volume 4 – Method of Measurement for Road Works and Notes for Guidance of Measurements
of Road Works
Volume 5 – Road Geometry July 2003 (DMRB – Malta)
Volume 6 – Design Presentation Guidelines
Volume 7 – Directives for the Stadardisation of Pavements of Traffic Areas
The MEPA document (Ref. 2171) is interesting. In a separate publication on the development of the
document (also worth reading), the lead author says:
"... It traces the struggles of challenging blinkered and insular attitudes towards design and
construction, not least due to the influence of political undercurrents. It also narrates the
attempts to close the ‘theory-–practice gap’, by formulating a document that develops
from established academic principles and is equally grounded in practice. Finally, it outlines the
document’s important change in philosophy – from one containing inflexible and restrictive
quantitative policies to providing a more enabling role through qualitative performance
criteria that encourage good street design".

Source Notes
References
2172 - Malta, "Reshaping our Urban Environments through street-based design policies - the Maltese
experience", by Dr. Antoine Zammit, Future of Places conference 2014
.Links
● MTA manuals page
● Malta Environment and Planning Authority
● Malta Transport Authority MTA

51 Mozambique
Added November 2015
Documents
Notes
Mozambique is one of the countries which drives on the left. The official language is Portuguese and
the population is around 25 million.
Mozambique uses the "multi-country" Southern Africa Transport and Communications Commission
(SATCC) design standards, SATCC Code of Practice for Geometric Design of Trunk Roads. These
were used for example in a 2010 study by JICA on the Nacala Development Corridor.
In mid-2014 the World Bank issued calls for expressions of interest for the review of design standards
for roads in Mozambique. The replies were to be sent to the ANE, the country's national roads
administration.
Mozambique's roads may be subject to the Trans African Highway standards.
Source Notes
.Links
● Mozambique government portal
● NE (National roads administration)

52 Nepal
Added May 2015
Documents
Nepal Rural Roads Standards (2055) 1st DoLIDAR 2012 English 508
revision
Nepal road standard 2070 Department of 2013 English 2108

Roads
Also of interest
RAIDP technical manual (4 volumes) / RAIDP 2012 English 769

Rural Access Improvement and
Development Project
Notes
Nepal has had road design manuals for many years. The first one I have seen reference to is the
Manual of Highway Design and Construction of 1960. Various documents have been issued by a
number of different government bodies since then.
One document issued in 2013 is the Nepal Road Standard 2070 (ref. 2108). In its introduction this
document says that:
"Nepal Road Standards -2027(Second Revision 2070), in short called NRS-2070, shall apply to
all Strategic Roads in rural areas being constructed within Nepal. For non-strategic (Local
Roads) and urban roads separate standards shall be considered".
It seems that, at the 4th Kathmandu Sustainable Urban Mobility Forum held in February 2015 saw the
presentation of a concept paper entitled "Nepal Urban Roads Standard". This was developed with the
support of UN_HABITAT. Certainly someone seems to have prepared a draft urban road standard in
2068/2011, and DoLIDAR issued a revised Nepal Rural Roads Standard in 2012.
Source Notes
.Links
● DoLIDAR
● Department of Roads

53 Netherlands
Updated July 2016
Documents
Nieuwe Ontwerprichtlijn Autosnelwegen Ministry of 2007 Dutch 1062

(NOA) (~New draft directive on Transport and
motorways) Public Works
ASVV 2012 Aanbevelingen voor CROW 2012 Dutch 2012

verkeersvoorzieningen binnen de
bebouwde kom (Recommendations for
traffic facilities within urban areas)
Kennismodule Wegontwerp Bubeko met CROW Online Dutch 2012

HWO (~Road design knowledge, rural resource
road module)
Notes
The Dutch Ministry of infrastructure and the environment published ref. 1062. The document refers to
"highways - national high speed roads with a design speed about 120 km/h".
CROW issues documents on the horizontal radius of lower speed roads withn a design speeds up to
100 km/h. The details for the horizontal radius of various types of lower speed roads are provided in
two CROW publications. CROW-publication "ASVV 2012" specifies the details for lower speed roads
in built-up areas, website (2) below. CROW-publication "Handboek Wegontwerp" specifies these
details for roads outside built-up areas, website (3) below.
The Vegvesen website has a page which lists several design handbooks and manuals, including the
ones listed above.
Source Notes
Independent
.Links
● CROW

54 Nigeria
Updated November 2015
Documents
Highway manual part 1 (design), volume Federal 2013 English 1505

I : geometric design Ministry of
Works
Also of interest:
Draft national transport policy ? 2010 English 2185
Notes
The doccument introduction says “this update of the Highway Manual was compiled by the Road
Sector Development Team (RSDT) of the Federal Ministry of Works with the assistance of the
consultants Royal HaskoningDHV”.
Volumes (May 2014) :
Highway manual part 1 (design)

● Volume I geometrics
● Volume II secondary design
● Volume III pavement and materials design
● Volume IV drainage design
● Volume V structural design
● Volume I road signs and markings
● Volume VII environmental management
Code of procedure
Part 2 volume II maintenance
The document "Draft national transport policy" is available from the website of the Nigeria
Governance Project (NGP).
Source Notes
Most of the standards on highway geometrics listed in the references section of the Highway Manual
part 1 are from the USA.
.Links
● RSDT
● NGP website

55 New Zealand
Added July 2016
Documents
State highway geometric design manual NZTA 2000 to English 74

(draft) / (SHGDM) 2005
Also of interest:
Bridging the gap- NZTA urban design NZTA 2013 English 2041
guidelines
Cycle network and route planning guide LTSA 2004 English 204
Pedestrian planning and design guide NZTA 2009 English 1161
Notes
The New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA) published a draft "State highway geometric design
manual" in 2000, and the documents are still (April 2015) available on the NZTA website.
It is not clear what official status these documents have now, partly because New Zealand is also part
of the organisation which developed the Austroads multi-country standards. However they are still
worth looking through.
The "cycle nework and route planning guide" is quoted in Cyprus' sustainable transport guidelines".
The SHGDM was published between 2000 and 2005 as a series of parts:
● Glossary of Terms
● Appendix A & B
● Part 1 - Cover/Contents/Introduction
● Part 2 - Basic Design Criteria
● Part 3 - Design Form
● Part 4 - Horizontal Alignment
● Part 5 - Vertical Alignment
● Part 6 - Cross Section
● Part 7 - Roadside Features
● Part 8 - Intersections and Interchanges
Source Notes
Most of the standards on highway geometrics listed in the references section of the Highway Manual
part 1 are from the USA.
.Links
● NZTA

56 Norway
Added
Documents
Hb-017 Veg og gateutforming (Road and Vegdirektoratet 2013 Norwegian 1198

street design)
Hb-233_2003 - Sykkelhåndboka Statens 2003 Norwegian 1110

utforming av sykkelanlegg (Handbook on vegvesen
the design of cycle facilities)
Hb-263: Geometrisk Utforming Av Veg- Statens 2008 Norwegian 1109

OG Gatekryss (Geometric design of vegvesen
roads and intersections)
Hb-265 Premisser for geometrisk Statens 2013 Norwegian 1601

utforming av veger (Premises for vegvesen
geometric design of roads)
Hb-278 Universell utforming av veger og Statens 2011 Norwegian 1600

gater (Universal design of roads and vegvesen
streets)
Notes
The Norwegian Public Road Administration (NPRA / “Statens vegvesen”) is also involved in the
development of highway design manuals in other countries. For example NPRA staff worked on the
development of the 2011 edition of the Tanzanian "Road geometric design manual" (ref. 294), and
were involved in the project which developed the SADC Guideline on low-volume sealed roads (ref.
1042).
The documents listed above (and others) can be downloaded from the NPRA website (see link
below).
Source Notes
.Links
● NPRA website (English)

57 Palestine
Added October 2015
Documents
‫دﻟﯾل اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻣرورﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟطرق ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺳطﯾن‬ Ministry of 2013 Arabic 2174
(Road Traffic Safety in Palestine Directory) Transportation
Also of interest:
Developing Road Accidents Recording Islamic 2015 Arabic 2173

System in Palestine University of
Gaza
Notes
Palestine does not have full authority on its resources. They have generally no highway design
standards of their own, although the 2013 document on road traffic safety has geometric design
recommendations.
Information is that at the moment Palestine follows the UK or the USA standards, and in some cases
also make use of Israeli standards. Ref. 2174 appears largely to be based on US standards .
Source Notes
.Links
● Ministry of transport and communications
● Islamic Univer

58 Paraguay
Added
Documents
Manual de Carreteras del Paraguay MOPC 2011 Spanish 1605

Tomo 1, volume I - Guia para la
evaluacion de proyectos (Paraguay
highway design manual, document 1
volume I - guide on the evaluation of
projects)
Manual de Carreteras del Paraguay MOPC 2011 Spanish 895

Tomo 1, volume II - Diseño Geometrico
(Paraguay highway design manual,
document 1 volume II- geometric design)
Notes
There is a Paraguay Highway Manual (Manual de Carreteras del Paraguay) which is issued by the
Ministry of Public Works and Communications (Ministerio de Obras Publicas y Comunicaciones or
MOPC). The MOPC website refers to nine different documents, each of one or more volumes.
Document 1 is on "Standards for project evaluation and highway geometry (Normas para la
evaluación de proyectos y geometría vial) and consists of two volumes:
● Guide on the evaluation of projects
● Geometric design
Other volumes deal with drainage, the construction of bridges,maintenance etc.
Source Notes
.Links
● MOPC

59 Peru
Added
Documents
DG-2001: Manual de Diseño Geométrico MOPC 2001 Spanish 899

de Carreteras (DG-2001) / (Highway
geometric design manual)
Manual de diseno de carreteras no MTC 2008 Spanish 903

pavimentadas de bajo volumen de
transito (design manual for low-volume
unpaved roads)
Manual de diseño geométrico De vías VCHI / ICG 2005 Spanish 1654

urbanas - 2005 - VCHI (Manual on the
geometric design of urban roads)
Manual para el diseño de carreteras MTC 2008 Spanish 1086

pavimentadas de bajo volumen de
tránsito (Design manual for low-volume
surfaced arterials)
Notes
Source Notes
.Links
● ICG (Instituto de la construccion y gerencia)
● MTC (Ministry of Transport and Communications

60 Portugal
Added November 2015
Documents
Norma de traçado, revisao (~alignment INIR 2010 Portugues 2187

standard, revised) e
Manual do planeamento de CCDRN 2008 Portugues 1517

acessibilidades e transportes 03: Níveis e
de serviço em estradas e auto-estradas
(~ design manual of accessibility and
transport 03: level of service for roads
and motorways)
Manual do planeamento de CCDRN 2008 Portugues 1514

acessibilidades e transportes 09: e
Estacionamento (~ design manual of
accessibility and transport 09: parking)
Colecção de brochuras técnicas / IMIT 2011 Portugues 525

temáticas Rede pedonal – princípios de e
planeamento e Desenho (technical and
topic brochures: pedestrian networks,
principles of planning and design)
Also of interest:
Auto-Estradas, Características Técnicas INIR 2008 Portugues 523

(~ motorways, technical characteristics) e
Norma de traçado JAE 1994 Portugal 2188
Notes
Portuguese organisations responsible for roads have been undergoing reorganisation recently. For
example, I believe the IMT (Instituto da Mobilidade e dos Transportes) is a rename of the IMTT and
has taken over other transport institutes such as the INIR (institute of road infrastructure).
The CCDRN (Comisión de Coordinación e Desenvolvemento Rexional da Rexión Norte) is a

commission for the coordination and regional development of the northern region, and was set up in
2003. The CCDRN has a design manual of accessibility and transport,two chapters of which are
referred to in the table. A full list of the chapters in the manual is included in the next page of this
document.
The chapters of the CCDRN manual (with approximate translations) are:
Chapter title (Portuguese) English
01 Engenharia de Tráfego – Conceitos Traffic engineering, basic concepts

Básicos
02 Correntes de Tráfego Traffic flows ?
03 Níveis de Serviço em Estradas e Auto- Levels of service for roads and motorways
estradas
04 Princípios Básicos de Organização de Basic principles of the organisation of road

Redes Viárias networks
05 Intersecções Prioritárias e de Viragem à Priority intersections ?

Direita
06 Rotundas roundabouts
07 Sinais Luminosos Traffic signals
08 Peões pedestrians
09 Estacionamento parking
10 Acalmia de Tráfego Traffic calming
11 Segurança Rodoviária Road safety
12 Sinalização Rodoviária Road signs
13 Transportes Públicos Public transport
Source Notes
.Links
● CCDRN

61 Puerto Rico
Added
Documents
Highway design manual Department of 1979 English 809

Transport and
Public Works
Notes
Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory of the USA.
The website of the DTOP (department of transport and public works) has downloadable file for the
various chapters of the 1979 edition of the highway design manual. The chapters cover topics such as
basic design elements, typical sections, utilities etc.
Source Notes
Related to USA standards
Links
● DTOP home page

62 Qatar
Added
Documents
Qatar highway design manual (3 MMUP 2014 English -/-

volumes)
Qatar traffic control manual (3 volumes) MMUP 2014 English -/-
Also of interest:
Qatar highway design manual Civil 1997 English 1385

(superceded) Engineering
Department,
MMAA
Notes
Qatar's Ministry of Municipal and Urban Planning (MMUP) is working up new versions of the Qatar
highway design manual and the Qatar traffic control manual. Both documents have three volumes. It
appears the latest versions of these two documents are referred to as "Final draft June 2014 - not to
be used for design purposes).
Source Notes
The 1997 manual says the four main international sources come from the UK, USA and Australia.
The document on road link geometry is referred to as "draft for June 2013 stakeholder workshop
only". A look at the table on page 16 (and the reference on page 39) of this document gives the
impression that the work is based on UK practice.
Copy of the 1997 manual and a 2013 draft of the new manual is available. Tables of contents of the
June 2014 highway design manual and traffic control manual available and can be downloaded from
the MMUP website.
Links
● ASHGHAL Public Works Authority

63 Romania
Added July 2016
Documents
Low cost design standards Ministry of the Administration 2005 English 727
for rural roads projects and Interior
Also of interest:
NP24 NP25 Normativ Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation 1995 Romanian 62

pentru proiectarea si and Development
executia parcajelor pentru
autoturisme (~standard
for the design and
construction of car parks)
P132-93 Normativ pentru Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation 1993 Romanian 63

proiectare parcajelor de and Development
autoturisme in localitati
urbane (~standard for the
design of car parks in
towns)
Notes
The Engineering Consultancy company EPTISA says that in 1997 it carried out a project to improve
the standards and norms that cover roads design, construction, works supervision, marking and
signaling, in accordance with the EU legislation and standards. No other details available as yet.
Source Notes
Links

64 Russia
Added
Documents
SP 34.13330.2012 АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫЕ SNIP 2012 Russian 1823 (Ru)

ДОРОГИ (Automobile roads) 1824 (En)
(SNIP) 2.05.02-85, Building regulations SNIP 2004 Russian 1149 (En)

for highways (superceded)
Notes
Update (July 2014) - The Russian organisation ROSDORNII says that the first document (SP
34.13330.2012) is the current relevant document. It appears to supercede document 2.05.02-85.
The Asian Highway Network (and therefore its standards) cover some links in the Russian Federation
(see ref. 1147).
Note: the English translation is an informal translation
Source Notes
Links
● ROSDORNII

65 Samoa
Added June 2016
Documents
Notes
Samoa is an independent state in the South Pacific, and has a population of about 200,000.
In June 2016 the Ministry of Works, Transport and Infrastructure issued a request for proposals for
consultancy services for the review of national road standards in Samoa.
Source Notes
Links
● Ministry of Works, Transport and Infrastructure MWTI

66 Saudi Arabia
Added April 2015
Documents
Engineering / ‫ دﻟﯾل اﻟﺗﺻﻣﯾم اﻟﮭﻧدﺳﻲ ﻟﻠطرق‬MOMRA 2015 Arabic 967

design manual for roads
Also of interest:
Highway design manual volume 1 of 2 Ministry of 1992 ? English 1711

Communications
Highway design manual volume 2 of 2 Ministry of 1992 ? English 1710

Communications
Highway design manual volume 2of 4 / Ministry of 1992 ? English -/-

standard drawings Communications
Highway design manual volume 3 of 4 / Ministry of 1992 English -/-

structural design specifications Communications
Saudi Aramco Desktop Standards, road Saudi Aramco ? English 858

design and construction
Notes
These documents are not dated, and it is quite other documents also exist, and probably in Arabic.
Probably the Engineering design manual for roads is a (the?) current document.
The highway design manual had four volumes. They were prepared in cooperative effort by the
Ministry of Communications and The USA Federal Highway Administration.
Source Notes
Links
● Ministry of Communications and Information Technology MCIT
● MOMRA

67 Serbia
Added
Documents
List of highway geometric standards ? ? Serbian 1412

(Karayolları Geometrik Standartlar)
RPS U.C4.110 Longitudinal alignment Serbian Instiute 1994 Serbian 1457

("Designing of roads - elements of of Standards
longitudinal section") 2008
SRPS U.C4.105 Horizontal alignment Serbian Institute 1982 Serbian 1456

("Designing of roads - changes of of Standards
direction in the horizontal plane - cross-
section")
SRPS U.C4.123 Designing of roads - Serbian Institute 1994 Serbian 1455

cross-sections, gradients of
Standardization
2008
Notes
The "year" data is indicated in the document headings, although the document footer on the first page
says the document was published in 2008.
Source Notes
Links
● Ministry of culture and information
● Serbia Institute for Standardisation

68 Singapore
Added
Documents
Civil design criteria for road and rail transit LTA 2010 English 1745
systems (E/GD/09/106/A1)
Code of practice for vehicle parking LTA 2011 English 1744
provision in development proposals
Notes
The LTA website says that the LTA is "responsible for planning, operating, and maintaining
Singapore’s land transport infrastructure and systems".
Source Notes
Links
● Singapore Land Transport Authority

69 Slovenia
Added
Documents
Decree on categorization of national roads Official Gazette 2013 Slovenian 1510

(Uredba o kategorizaciji državnih cest)
Decree on the criteria for categorization of Official Gazette 2011 Slovenian 1511
public roads (Uredba o merilih za
kategorizacijo javnih cest Zbirni podatki)
Regulation on technical norms and Official Gazette 2011 Slovenian 1509

conditions for the design of road tunnels in
Slovenia (Uredba o tehničnih normativih in
pogojih za projektiranje cestnih predorov v
Republiki Sloveniji)
Rules on road design (Pravilnik o Official Gazette 2011 Slovenian 1512

projektiranju cest)
Notes
Documents on road design in Slovenia are available from the website of the Ministry of Infrastructure
and Spatial Planning. The Ministry :
"is responsible for the areas of railway, air, maritime, waterway and road transport with the
exception of control over road traffic safety, as well as for the areas of transport infrastructure
and cableway installations, spatial planning, construction, housing policy, energy sector, mining
and efficient use of renewable energy source".
Source Notes
Links
● Ministry of Infrastructure and Spatial Planning

70 South Africa
Added October 2015
Documents
GDG - Geometric design guide CSIR 2002 English 148
Guidelines for human settlement, planning CSIR 2005 English 1068

and design (volume 2)
Notes
I believe these are the two main current documents on highway design in South Africa
Source Notes
Independent
Links
● CSIR

71 Spain
Updated May2015
Documents
Trazado, Instrucción de Carreteras, Ministerio de 2001 Spanish 890

Norma 3.1-IC (2nd edition) Fomento
Guia de nudos viarios (guide to road Ministerio de 2012 Spanish 1492
intersections) Fomento
Carreteras urbanas - recommendaciones Ministerio de obra 1993 Spanish 1493

para su planeamiento y proyecto (Urban publicas y
roads - recommendations on their transportes
planning and design) MOPT
ORDEN de 27 de diciembre de 1999 por Ministerio de 2000 Spanish 1048

la que se aprueba la Norma 3.1-IC. Fomento
Trazado, de la Instrucción de Carreteras
(Order of the 27th December 1999 which
approves Standard 3.1-1C regarding
standards for highways).
Also of interest :
IVP Instruccion de via publica (standards Ayuntamiento de 2000 Spanish 1501

for public roads) Madrid, Gerencia
municipal de
urbanismo
Notes
Spain's Ministry of Development (Ministerio de Fomento) now has a website where documents such
as standards can be downloaded. The technical standards are listed under 20 different headings, and
often more than one document is available under each heading.
Ref. 1492 says that a "nudo vario" is a zone in which two or more highways cross, or more specifically
any type of spatial concurrence of two or more highways which involve the possibility of passing from
one to an other (own translations).
Ref. 522 is a bit old (published 1993) and may have been superceded, although it can still be
downloaded from the Ministerio de Fomento website.
Source Notes
Independent
Table: List of headings on Ministry of Development documents page
01. Normativa general de carreteras General road standards

02. Impacto ambiental Environmental impact

03. Seguridad y salud Health and safety
04. Seguridad vial Road safety
05. Proyecto project
06. Trazado Alignment
07. Drenaje drainage
08. Geología y geotecnia Geology and geotechnology
09. Obras de paso: puentes y estructuras Structures and bridges
10. Túneles tunnels
11. Firmes y pavimentos pavements
12. Equipamiento vial Road equipment
13. Iluminación lighting
14. Plantaciones planting
15. Ruido noise
16. Estaciones y áreas de servicio Stations and service areas
17. Pliegos de Prescripciones Técnicas Generales General technical requirements
18. Calidad quality
19. Materiales de construcción Construction materials
20. Inventario de Carreteras Highway inventory
Links
● Ministry of development, technical standards

72 Sweden
Updated May 2015
Documents
Ref. 2012-181 / RÅD FÖR Vägars och Trafikverket 2002 Swedish 1625
gators utformning ( Road and street
design, overall requirements)
Ref. 2012-180 / RÅD FÖR Vägars och Trafikverket 2005 Swedish 1624
design, advice on)
Ref. 2012-179 / KRAV FÖR Vägars och Trafikverket 2001 Swedish 1626
design, requirements for)
Ref. 2004-80 Linjeföring / (alignment ) Vägverket 2008 Swedish 1627
Notes
Trafikverket indicated the most relevant documents for the geometric design of roads and strees are
179, 180 and 181 (the first three in the table above), Most of the documents can be downloaded from
the Trafikverket (Swedish Transport Administration) website.
Source Notes
Likely independent
Links
● Trafikverket (Swedish Transport Administration)

73 Switzerland
Updated
Documents
SN 640 080b Projektierung, Grundlagen; VSS 1991 German 732

Geschwindigkeit als
Projektierungselement (design, basics;
speed as an design element)
SN 640 090b Projektierung, Grundlagen; VSS German -/-

Sichtweiten (design, basics: visibility
distances)
SN 640 100a Linienführung; Elemente der VSS German -/-

horizontalen Linienführung (alignment;
elements of horizontal alignment)
Notes
Switzerland's VSS (Association of Highway and Transportation Specialists) is involved in research
and standardisation in the field of roads and transportation. It produces many if not all the standard
documents related to road design. There is even a page on Wikipedia which lists all these documents
(here).
There are several more relevant standards besides the three listed above.
Source Notes
Likely independent
Links
● VSS home page

74 Tanzania
Updated
Documents
Road Geometric Design Manual (2011 ed) Ministry of Works 2011 English 294
Notes
From the preface to the document:
The Ministry of Works has prepared this Road Geometric Design Manual - 2011 Edition for
design of roads in order to promote uniformity in design procedures in the country.
The major benefits to be gained in applying this manual are the harmonization of professional
practice and the assurance of satisfactory levels of safety, health and economy with due
consideration of the objective conditions and need of the country. The Road Geometric Design
Manual will be useful to designers, researchers, academia and professionals interested in
geometrics of roads. The 2011 Edition Road Geometric Design Manual supersedes the inistry
of Communications and Works Draft Road Manual - 1989 Edition.
Source Notes
The document was developed with support from specialists from the Norwegian Public Roads
Administration. In addition, the document acknowledgements page says:
Also, the Working Group acknowledges use of valuable information from corresponding
manuals in the neighbouring countries. Particularly the Geometric Design Manual of Uganda
was of great value in developing this Manual.
Links

75 Turkey
Updated
Documents
Karayolları Tasarım El Kitabı (Highway Karayollari Genel 2005 Turkish 1411

design manual) Müdürlügü
(General
directorate of
highways)
Notes
The General Directorate of Highways (KGM) is a state agency in charge of the construction and
maintenance of all public roadways outside of cities and towns in Turkey. It is part of the Ministry of
Transport, Maritime Affairs and Communication (UBAK I believe).
Source Notes
The list of references refers to 7 documents, most of which come from the USA.
Links
● KGM
● UBAK

76 Uganda
Updated July 2016
Documents
DRWCAM Vol. 6 Community Ministry of Works and 2006 English 2306

Access, Manual B1: standard Transport
designs for rural transport
infrastructure
District road works vol. 1 Planning Ministry of Works, 2002 English 2309
Manuals / Manual A - Functional Housing and
Road Classification System &Route Communications
Numbering
District road works vol. 1 Technical Ministry of Works, 2004 English 2305
Manual / Manual A - technical Housing and
manual Communications
Road design manual volume 1: Ministry of Works and 2010 English 2200
geometric design Transport
Also of interest:
Draft non-motorised transport Ministry of Works and 2012 English 2201

policy Transport
National transport master plan Ministry of Works 2009 English 2307

(abridged version and Transport
Notes
The preamble to (ref. Xxxx) says:
This Road Design Manual Volume I: Geometric Design is one of a series of Engineering
Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Guidelines issued by the Ministry of Works and Transport.
The Manual is part of the revised Road Design Manual, November 1994. The four Volumes of the
Road Design Manual include:
a) Road Design Manual: Vol. I Geometric Design;
b) Road Design Manual: Vol. II Drainage Design;
c) Road Design Manual: Vol. III Pavement Design; and
d) Road Design Manual: Vol. IV Bridge Design
The bibliography refers to the 1994 AASHTO publication "A policy on Geometric Design of Highway
and Streets", but also to documents from South Africa, Kenya and Ethiopia.
In 2006 the Ministry of Works and Transport produced a set of documents called the "District road
works and community access manuals" (~DRWCAM). Volume 6 refers to community access, and
includes designs for tracks and trails. These may have been for the Community Access Support
(CAS) project.

Earlier, in 2004, the Ministry of Works, Housing and Communications prepared a set of documents on
District Road Works. Documents from both these sets include geometric design details and typical
cross-sections. These documents are available from the Roads Industry Council website.
Source Notes
The road design manual refers to documents from the USA (AASHTO), Kenya, Ethiopia and South
Africa.
Links
● Roads Industry Council RIC
● Ministry of works and transport

77 UK
Updated May 2015
Documents
DMRB 6 section 1 part 1 (TD 9/93 HA 2002 English 255

highway link design)
DMRB 6 section 1 part 2 (TD 27/05 Cross- HA 2005 English 1157

Sections and Headrooms)
DMRB 6 section 1 part 3 (TD 85/01 - HA 2001 English 1408

Guidance on Minor Improvements to
Existing Roads)
DMRB 6 section 1 part 4 (TD 70/08 HA 2008 English 1409

Design of Wide Single 2+1 Road)
Local Transport Note 2-08 : cycle DfT 2008 English 745

infrastructure design
Also of interest:
Traffic signs manual DfT 2013 English 2093 etc
Notes
The “Design Manual for Roads and Bridges” (DMRB) currently has 15 volumes ranging from road
geometry (volume 6) to the economic assessment of road schemes (volume 13). Each volume
consists of one or more documents.
Volume 6 of the DMRB (road geometry) has three sections, each consisting of a number of
documents
Section 1 - Links
Section 2 - Junctions
Section 3 - Highway features
The DMRB is not the only UK publication on road design. There is a “Manual of contract documents
for highway works” (MCHW), plus various local transport notes, interim advice notes (IAN) and so on.
Traffic signs manual was published in 2006, updated in 2013. There are 7 chapters (chapter 6 seems
to be missing), with 9 volumes. Downloadable documents (May 2015) are:
● Chapter 1 introduction
● Chapter 2 (in draft) informatory signs
● Traffic signs manual chapter 2 determination of x-height
● Traffic signs manual chapter 2 primary route destinations in England by region
● Chapter 3 regulatory signs
● Chapter 4 warning signs
● Chapter 5 road markings

● Chapter 7 the design of traffic signs
● Chapter 8 (part 1) road works and temporary situations - design
● Chapter 8 (part 2) road works and temporary situations - operations
All the DMRB documents listed above (plus the others) can be downloaded from the UK Department
of Transport website (see link below).
Source Notes
independent
Links
● UK Department for Transport website / documents

78 USA
Updated July 2016
Documents
A policy on geometric design of AASHTO 2011 English 831

highways and streets
Connecticut highway design manual Connecticut 2012 English 1720

Department of
Transportation
Street design manual New York City, 2015 English 984

Department of
Transportation
Also of interest:
Model streets design manual Los Angeles 2011 English 2206

County
Separated bike lanes planning and FHWA 2015 English 2184

design guide
Urban street design guide NACTO 2012 English 1541
Notes
The AASHTO publication "A policy on geometric design of highways and streets" is often seen as an
international standard, but this may be over-rated. Many if not all of the US states have their own
highway design manual, and many cities and organisations also have their own detailed documents.
For example, one organisation is NACTO, the National Association of City Transportation Officials.
The website of the “Model streets design manual” (ref. 2206) has an interesting explanation of its
purpose. The website says:
“Overall, this manual is intended for three groups of users:
● Municipalities who lack the resources to undertake a major revision of their manuals and are
looking for examples to assist in re-tooling their current manuals. This document may be
adopted as written, or customized for any municipality
● Municipalities that want to adopt the latest thinking in street design
● Designers, planners and engineers who are looking for tools to provide flexibility within their
existing street standard
This could be a good approach to standards on other topics, and to the development of standards
which could be used in and adapted by other countries.
Source Notes
Independent

Links
● AASHTO
● NACTO

79 Zambia
Added January 2015
Documents
Also of interest:
AICD country report: Zambia's World Bank 2008 English 2249

infrastructure - a continental perspective
Notes
Zambia has a population of around 16 million.
Advice is that Zambia uses the "multi-country" Southern Africa Transport and Communications
Commission (SATCC) design standards, SATCC Code of Practice for Geometric Design of Trunk
Roads.
In 2014 the Road Development Agency issued calls for proposals for "Consultancy services for the
development of geometric design dtandards gor urban and rural (low volume) roads In Zambia, but it
is not known if anything resulted from this.
Source Notes
Links
● Road Development Agency

5 Multi-country pages

1 Arab Mashreq
Added September 2015
Documents
Agreement On International UN 2001 English 2135

Roads In The Arab
Mashreq
Also of interest:
The Development of the Panorama 2009 English 2143

Integrated Transport
System in the Arab
Mashreq
Notes
The Arab Mashreq International Road Network is, according to Wikipedia:
“The Arab Mashreq international Road Network is an international road network between the
Arab countries of Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Palestine (Israel included), Lebanon, Kuwait, Egypt, Saudi
Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, UAE, Oman and Yemen”.
Source notes
Seem largely to be based on AASHTO
References
● ESCWA (United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia)

2 ASEAN
Added April 2015
Documents
ASEAN highway ASEAN 1999 ? English 1884

standards
Notes
The ASEAN website explains that
“The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, was established on 8 August 1967 in
Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration) by the
Founding Fathers of ASEAN, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
Brunei Darussalam then joined on 7 January 1984, Viet Nam on 28 July 1995, Lao PDR and
Myanmar on 23 July 1997, and Cambodia on 30 April 1999, making up what is today the ten
Member States of ASEAN."
Documents on the ASEAN website include the "ministerial understanding on the development of the
ASEAN highway network project" with its appendix B , the ASEAN highway standards.
It appears that the "ASEAN standards were developed from the Asian Highway Standards of
UNESCAP. The only difference is that ASEAN Standards allow some variations in terms of right of
way and design speed for the given road classes".
The ASEAN member states are:
● Brunei
● Cambodia
● Indonesia
● Lao PDR
● Malaysia
● Myanmar
● Philippines
● Singapore
● Thailand
● Vietnam
Source notes
References
ASEAN home page

3 Asian Highway Standards
Added November 2015
Documents
Asian Highway - the road UN 2001 English 1147

networks connecting
China, Kazakhstan,
Mongolia, the Russian
Federation and the Korean
Peninsula
Asian Highway Handbook UN 2003 English 1622
Notes
Document 1147 (reference number ST/ESCAP/2173 ) says that the publication was issued by the
Transport, Communications, Tourism and Infrastructure Development Division of the United Nations
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.
Annex I of the document is titled “Asian Highway classification and design standards”, and covers 8
pages (page numbers 131 to 138).
The member states of the Asian Highway Network appear to be:
Afghanistan Iran Pakistan

Armenia Japan Philippines
Azerbaijan Kazakhstan Republic of Korea
Bangladesh Kyrgyzstan Russia
Bhutan Laos Singapore
Cambodia Malaysia Sri Lanka
China Mongolia Tajikistan
Georgia Myanmar Thailand
India Nepal Turkey
Indonesia North Korea Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Source notes
Seem largely to be based on AASHTO
References
● ESCAP Asian Highway web page

4 Austroads
Revised July 2016
Documents
Austroads Guide to Road Austroads 2010 English 1885

Design (AGRD), part 1:
Guide to road design

Design considerations

Geometric Design
Austroads Guide to Road Austroads 2009 English -/-

Design (AGRD), part 6A:
Pedestrian and Cyclist
Paths
Notes
In Australia and New Zealand, highway design standards are heavily influenced by the work of
Austroads. The Austroads website explains that Austroads is: "the association of Australian and New
Zealand road transport and traffic authorities. Austroads promotes improved Australian and New
Zealand transport outcomes by providing expert technical input to national policy development on
road and road transport issues".
A paper by Barton O’Callaghan (Ref. 1539) explains that "Austroads has developed a new, truly
national Guide to Road Design. Released in July 2009 and comprising eight parts, this guide provides
the essential reference to road design practitioners across Australia and New Zealand. For the first
time, each of the member authorities has agreed to use the new national guide in lieu of their State
based guidelines.
The Austroads publications website says that the set of documents in the new Austroads Guide to
Road Design (AGRD)involves eight parts, some of which consist of more than one volume. The main
parts are:
Part 1: Introduction to Road Design
Part 2: Design Considerations
Part 3: Geometric Design
Part 4: Intersections and Crossings - General
Part 5: Drainage – General and Hydrology Considerations
Part 6: Roadside Design, Safety and Barriers
Part 7: Geotechnical Investigation and Design

Part 8: Process and Documentation
The existence of Austroads and the AGRD documents does not prevent other organisations in
Australia and New Zealand from producing their own standards, or modifications of the AGRD
guidelines. For example VicRoads (the road and traffic authority for the state of Victoria) has issued a
number of documents which supplement the AGRD, as well as a number of documents on designing
for cyclists.
Update
The Austroads website says that the Guide to Road Design Part 3: Geometric Design is currently
under review. It is expected that a new edition will be published in August 2016.
Source Notes
References
1539 - Barton O’Callaghan “Australia: New National Guide to Road Design”; 4th International
Symposium on Highway Geometric Design; 2010.
Links
● Austroads
● Austroads publications

5 SADC
Added September 2015
Documents
SADC / SATCC Guideline 2003 English 1042

on low volume sealed
roads
SADC / SATCC draft code 2001 English 771

of practice for the
geometric design of trunk
roads, 2001
Notes
Document ref. 771 was apparently reprinted in 2001 and appears to be still valid.
Wikipedia says that:
"The Southern African Development Community (SADC) is an inter-governmental organization
headquartered in Gaborone, Botswana. Its goal is to further socio-economic cooperation and
integration as well as political and security cooperation among 15 southern African states. It
complements the role of the African Union".
SADC's website explains that:
"The main objectives of SADC are to achieve development, peace and security, and economic
growth, to alleviate poverty, enhance the standard and quality of life of the peoples of Southern
Africa, and support the socially disadvantaged through regional integration, built on democratic
principles and equitable and sustainable development".
SADC Member States are:
Angola Namibia
Botswana Seychelles
Democratic Republic of Congo South Africa
Lesotho Swaziland
Madagascar United Republic of Tanzania
Malawi Zambia
Mauritius Zimbabwe
Mozambique
Source notes
References
● SADC home page

6 TAH
Added July 2016
Documents
International agreement on the Trans- English 2011 English 2177

African Highways Network
Also of interest:
TAH Agreement Annex II - basic English 1992 English 1840

guidelines for road classification and
standards on Trans-African Highways
Minimum geometrical design standards English 1971 English 2178
for the Trans-African highway
Notes
The international agreement on the TAH (ref. 2177) says of these roads that they would:
a. Provide as direct routes as possible between the capitals of the continent,
b. Contribute to the political, economic and social integration and cohesion of Africa,
c. Ensure road transport facilities between important areas of production and consumption"
The main agreement (ref. 2177) has three annexes:
· Annex I - Trans African Highway network
· Annex II - Trans African Highway network, classification and standards
· Annex III - Identification and signage of the Trans African Highways
There is a separate document, available from the African Union website, which has more, and
possibly different, detail to the apparent main agreement (see ref. 1840). There also exists a much
earlier document, of only 2 pages, with some recommendations on the geometrics for a Trans-African
highway (ref. 2178)
The current situation with the TAH standards appears to be that they are not yet approved
Source notes
References
· African Union homepage
· UNECA (Economic commission for Africa)

7 TEM
Added October 2015
Documents
TEM standards and UNECE 2002 English 2135

recommended practice
(3rd edition)
Also of interest:
TEM standards and UNECE 1992 English -/-

(2nd edition)
TEM standards and UNECE 1981 English -/-

(1st edition)
Notes
UNECE - the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe - is one of five regional commissions
of the United Nations. It says that its major aim
"is to promote pan-European economic integration. To do so, it brings together 56 countries
located in the European Union, non-EU Western and Eastern Europe, South-East Europe and
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and North America. All these countries dialogue
and cooperate under the aegis of UNECE on economic and sectoral issues."
One of its projects is the "The UNECE Trans-European Motorways (TEM) Project, (which) is a sub-
regional cooperation among Central, Eastern and South Eastern European countries". As part of this
project, UNECE produced a document which includes some geometric design standards. UNECE
says that the third edition of the TEM standards are based on the original TEM Standards of January
1981 and on their first revision of July 1992.
Source notes
References
● UNECE page on TEM standards, 3rd edition
● UNECE home page

6 Special topics
- notes on guidelines and standards presented on a country-by-country basis

1 Cycling and bikes
Updated January 2016
Documents
A Country Document Publisher Year Language Ref. No.
Brazil Manual De Projetos E Embarq Brasil 2014 Portugues 2131

Programas Para Incentivar e
O Uso De Bicicletas Em
Comunidades
Ireland National cycle manual National 2011 English 1116

Transport
Authority
Multi- Cycling aspects of Austroads 2014 English 2182

country Austroads guides
UK Handbook for cycle-friendly Sustrans 2014 English 2189

design
UK Making space for cycling - Cyclenation 2014 England 2137

a guide for new
developments and street
renewals
Notes
Not all these documents are government-issued standards or guidelines.
Source notes
References
Links

2 Non-Motorised Transport
Added December 2016
Documents
Also of interest:
Kenya Nairobi NMT policy Nairobi city 2015 English 2252

county
government
South NMT facility guidelines 2014 Department of 2014 English 2243

Africa transport
South Draft national NMT policy Department of 2008 English 2244

Africa transport
Uganda Draft NMT policy Ministry of 2012 English 2201

works and
transport
general GIZ training course: NMT GTZ 2005 English 2236

non-motorised transport
Notes
To quote from the foreword by the Minister of Transport in South Africa’s “Draft national NMT policy”
(ref. 2244):
“This Non- Motorized Transport policy has been developed to cater for the broader spectrum of
our population by providing alternative transport modes such as Cycling , Animal Drawn
Transport and Walking. Through this policy, the Department would intervene towards
addressing challenges of accessibility and mobility and eventually putting Non-Motorised
Transport where it belongs i.e. as a recognised mode of transport.
The notion that Non Motorised Transport is an add-on, as opposed to being a fully acceptable
mode of transport must be defeated. The issue of Non Motorised Transport such as animal
transportation is not only a rural but also an urban issue in so far as the acceptance, again, of
this mode of transportation is concerned”.
Source notes
References

3 Streets
Updated November 2015
Documents
Australia Streets for people (compendium Government of 2012 English 2103

of South Australia practice) South Australia
Finland Helsingin katutila ja Helsinki 2004 Finnish 2145

kaupunkikuva – ohjeita ja transport
esimerkkejä (Helsinki street planning
space and townscape, department
instructions and examples)
India Street design guidelines .... for UTTIPEC 2010 English 1450
equitable distribution of road
space
Malta Development control design MEPA (Malta 2014 English 2171

policy, guidance and standards environment
2014 and planning
authority
UAE Abu Dhabi - Urban street design Urban 2014 ? English 1737
manual v. 1.1 Planning
Council
UK/ Designing streets - a policy Scottish 2010 English 2104

Scotland statement for Scotland Government
USA San Francisco better streets San Francisco 2010 English 969
plan Planning
Department
USA Model streets design manual Los Angeles 2011 English 2206
County
Notes
Source notes
References
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Road design standards 6.1

Article · August 2016

Simplification of road design standards View project

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The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

Image: Kanda Overpass, Ring Road, Accra - Ghana (Magnus L. Quarshie).

This version covers August

Publication website: https://roaddesignstandards.wordpress.com/

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 1

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 2

Image: Dr. Busia Highway – (Kaneshie), Accra - Ghana (Magnus L. Quarshie)

Part B Detail pages

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 3

Version 05.4 July 2016

05.03a January 2016

05.01 October 2015

04.01 March 2015

03.01 July 2014

1.4 Cover notes, disclaimer, copyright

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 4

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 5

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 6

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 7

And Stephen Yao Fiatornu (ref. 2319) says that:

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 8

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 9

Image: George W. Bush N1 Highway, Accra - Ghana (Magnus L. Quarshie)

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 10

3.1.2 Types of standard

3.1.3 Different standards for different road types

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 11

3.1.5 Different countries, different standards

3.1.6 Multi-country standards

3.1.7 Standards change over time

3.1.8 Standards are published in different languages

3.2 Standards in this document

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 12

Table 1: Subjective evaluation of some country standards

Good Useful Limited Minimum / none

Abu Dhabi Emirate Argentina Afghanistan American Samoa

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 13

Table 2: Subjective evaluation of some multi-country standards

Good Useful Limited Minimum / none

Austroads SADC Arab Mashreq

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part A Introduction Page 14

The Links section gives a few links for follow-up research..

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part B Detail Pages Page 15

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part B Detail Pages Page 16

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part B Detail Pages Page 17

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part B Detail Pages Page 18

A Document Publisher Year Language Ref. No.

Roadway design manual Abu Dhabi department of 2014 English 2166

Transportation impact Abu Dhabi Department of 2009 English 2275

Trip generation and Abu Dhabi Department of 2012 English 980

Walking and cycling Abu Dhabi Department of 2014 English 1970

Walking and cycling Abu Dhabi Department of 2014 English 1983

Road geometric design Abu Dhabi Department of 2013 English 1370

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part B Detail Pages Page 19

Road Design Standards 6.1 Part B Detail Pages Page 20

A Document Publisher Year Language Ref. No.

Engineering manual for Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation 2014 English 2071

Rural roads manual Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation 2013 English 1597