DAILY PRACTICE ASSIGNMENT-1

SUBJECT: BOTANY
CHAPTER: STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCEMENT IN FOOD PRODUCTION
1. The entire collection (of plants/seeds) having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is called
________ collection
1) Germplasm 2) Genome 3) Gene bank 4) Genotype
Key: 1
Hint : The entire collection (of plants/seeds) having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is
called germplasm collection.
Genome is the number of chromosomes present in the gamete of a species

2. Order of main steps in breeding a new genetic crop variety is

A. Collection of variability
B. Evaluation and selection of parents
C. Cross hybridisation
D. Selection and testing of superior recombinants
E. Testing, release and commercialization of new cultivars
The correct sequence is
1) A-B-C-D-E 2) E-D-C-B-A 3) A-C-B-D-E 4) D-A-B-C-E
Key : 1
Hint:
These are the steps involved in plant breeding procedure.

3. Statement –I : Emasculation is mandatory to conduct hybridization experiment in Pisum

Statement-II : Pisum has bisexual flowers
1) Both S-I and S-II are true 2) S-I and S-II are false
3) S-I is true and S-II is false 4) S-I is false and S-II is true
Key : 1
Hint: During hybridization, a bisexual flower needs removal of anthers to prevent unwanted self-
pollination. The flower of Pisum is a bisexual flower which shows bud pollination. Hence anthers are
removed from it.

4. Choose the mismatch from the following

1) P-1542 : Garden pea 2) HD-1553: Wheat
3) TN-1: Maize 4) IR-8: Rice
Key : 3
Hint:
TN-1 is a variety of rice not wheat.

5. Which one of the following diseases is caused by a prokaryote ?

1) Rust of wheat 2) Late blight of potato
3) Black rot of Cauliflower 4) White rust of Brassica
Key : 3
Hint: Rust of wheat caused by Puccinia (fungi, a eukaryote)
Late blight of potato caused by Phytophthora (fungi, a eukaryote)
Black rot of Cauliflower is caused by Xanthomonos (bacterium, a prokaryote)
White rust of Brassica is caused by Albugo a fungus (a eukaryote)
6. Statement-I : Pusa Swarnim and Pusa Gaurav are two different hybrid varieties of same species
Statement-II : Pusa Swarnim and Pusa Gaurav are resistant to white rust disease
1) Statement- I and II are correct 2) Statement-I is correct and Statement-II is wrong
3) Statement-I is wrong and Statement-II is correct 4) Statement-I and II are wrong
Key : 2
Hint: Pusa Swarnim and Pusa Gaurav are two different hybrid varieties of same species but Pusa Swarnim
is resistant to white rust and Pusa Gaurav is resistant to Aphids

7. Which of the following factors is/are responsible for resistance to maize stem borers?
1) High aspartic acid 2) Low nitrogen content 3) Low sugar content 4) All of the above
Key : 4
Hint:
High aspartic acid, low nitrogen and sugar content in maize leads to resistance to maize stem borers.

8. Mutation breeding:
1) Is the use of induced mutations in plant breeding to develop improved varieties
2) Can be done only by physical mutagens
3) Has led to the development of mung bean, resistant to yellow mosaic virus (YMV) and powdery mildew
4) Both 1 and 3
Key : 4
Hint: Mutations are induced by not only physical mutagens. Mutagens also are induced by chemical
mutagens. Hence, option 2 is wrong.

9. Identify the correct pair of combinations

I. Parbhani Kranti - Resistance to Virus - Bhindi
II. Pusa Gaurav - Resistance to aphids - Mustard
III. Pusa Sadabahar - Resistance to fruit borer- Cow Pea
IV. Pusa Shubhra - Resistance to white rust- Cauliflower
1) II, III 2) II, IV 3) I, II 4) I, III
Key : 3
Hint :
Pusa Sadabahar is a variety of chilli and resistant to chilli mosaic virus, TMV and leaf curl.
Pusa Shubhra is a cauliflower variety resistant to black rot and curl blight black rot.

10. Find the incorrect match w.r.t. insect pest resistance

1) Pusa Gaurav variety of Rapeseed (Brassica) Resistant to aphids
2) Pusa Sem 2 variety of flat bean Resistant to Jassids, aphids and fruit borer
3) Pusa Sawani variety of Okra Resistant to Shoot and fruit borer
4) Pusa A-4 variety of Bhendi Resistant to Jassids and aphids
Key : 4
Hint :
Pusa A-4 variety of Bhendi is resistant to fruit and shoot borer not to Jassids and aphids.

11. In Himgiri, Karan Rai, Pusa Gaurav, Pusa Sem-2, Pusa Snowball k-1, Pusa A-4, and Pusa Komal
How many crops are disease resistance and pest resistance respectively?
1) 3, 4 2) 4, 3 3) 2, 5 4) 6, 1
Key : 2
Hint:
Disease resistant varieties - Himgiri, Karan Rai, Pusa Snowball k-1, Pusa Komal,
Pest resistant varieties - Pusa Gaurav, Pusa Sem -2, Pusa A-4,
12. Match the following and choose correct match
Character Resistant to
A) High aspartic acid, low nitrogen and sugar in maize I) Boll worms
B) Smooth leaves nectarless varieties in cotton II) Stem saw fly
C) Hairy leaves in cotton III) Stem borers
D) Solid stems in wheat IV) Jassids
1) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV 2) A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
3) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II 4) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Key : 3
Hint : 1) Hairy leaves in several plants are associated with resistance to insect pests, e.g., resistance to
jassids in cotton and cereal leaf beetle in wheat.
2) In wheat, solid stems lead to non-preference by the stem sawfly and smooth leaved and nectar-less
cotton varieties do not attract bollworms.
3) High aspartic acid, low nitrogen and sugar content in maize leads to resistance to maize stem borers.

13. Three billion people worldwide suffer from ‘hidden hunger’. This ‘hidden hunger’ relates to the people.
1) Whose diet shows deficiency in proteins, vitamins and micronutrient
2) Who cannot afford to buy adequate vegetables, fruits, legumes, fish and meat
3) Whose food does not contain essential micronutrients specially iron, iodine, zinc and vitamin-A
4) All of the above
Key :4
Hint : All the three reasons are cause for hidden hunger. Hence breeding biofortified crops is necessary to
improve public health.

14. Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

1) In 2000, maize hybrids that had twice the amounts of the amino acids, lysine and proline, compared to
existing maize hybrids were developed
2) The Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi has released several vegetable crops that are rich
in vitamins and minerals
3) IARI has released a mustard variety rich in vitamin D
4) Both 1 and 3
Key: 4
Hint : 1) In 2000, maize hybrids that had twice the amounts of the amino acids, lysine and tryptophan.
2) IARI has released a mustard variety rich in Vitamin C

15. Find out the mis-match of the following :

1) Bathua - vitamin-C enriched hybrid crop
2) Somatic hybridisation - Polyethylene glycol
3) Virus resistant plants - Meristem culture
4) Pusakomal - Cow pea resistant to bacterial blight
Key: 3
Hint: Using meristems of virus infected plants as explant helps to obtain virus free plants not virus resistant
plants. In tissue culture viral resistance cannot be created.

16. Match the columns I and II, and choose the correct combination from the options given

Characteristic Crop
A. Vitamin A rich I. Lablab
B. Vitamin C rich II. Spinach
C. Fe and Ca rich III. Bitter gourd
D. Protein rich IV. Pumpkin
1) A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I 2) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
3) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I 4) A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
 Key: 3
Hint : Vitamin A rich varieties : - Carrot , Spinach, Pumpkin
Vitamin C rich varieties :- Bitter gourd, bathua, Mustard
Fe and Ca rich varieties :- Spinach and bathua
Protein rich varieties :- Beans – broad,lablab, French and garden peas.
All these biofortified vegetable crop varieties are developed at IARI

17. Methylophilus methylotrophus bacterium because of its high rate of biomass production and growth, can be
expected to produce ______________ of protein.
1) 25 tonnes (2) 52 tonnes (3) 25 kg (4) 25gm
Key : 1
Hint : Certain bacterial species like Methylophilus methylotrophus, because of its high rate of biomass
production and growth, can be expected to produce 25 tonnes of protein.

18. Read the following and choose correct statements .

I) Single cell Spirulina can produce large quantities of food rich in protein, minerals, vitamins, etc
II) The micro-organism Methylophilus methylotrophus may be able to produce more proteins
III) Common button mushrooms are a very rich source of vitamin C
IV) A rice variety has been developed which is very rich in calcium
The correct answer is
1) III and IV only 2) I, III and IV only 3) II, III and IV only 4) I and II only
Key: 4
Hint : Common button mushrooms are a very rich source of protein not vitamin C
A rice variety has been developed which is very rich in iron

19. Match the columns and choose the correct option

A) Totipotency I) Breeding crops, with higher levels of nutrients
B) Micropropagation II) Plant grown from hybrid protoplast
C) Somaclone III) Producing large number of plants through tissue culture
D) Somatic hybrid IV) Capacity to generate a whole plant from an explant.
E) Biofortification V) Plants genetically identical to original plant
1) A-IV, B-III, C-V, D-II, E-I 2) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV, E-V
3) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-V, E-I 4) A-III, B-IV, C-V, D-I, E-II
Key : 1
Hint : A) Totipotency: Capacity to generate a whole plant from an explants
B) Micropropagation : Producing large number of plants through tissue culture
C) Somaclone : Plants genetically identical to original plant
D) Somatic hybrid: Plant grown from hybrid protoplast
E) Biofortification: Breeding crops, with higher levels of nutrients

20. S -I : In somatic hybrid, protoplast contains characters of one parent only

S -II : Cybrid is a hybrid carrying cytoplasm of two different plants and genome of one plant
1) Both S-I and S-II are true 2) S-I is true, S-II is false
3) S-I is false ,S-II is true 4) Both S-I and S-II are false
Key: 3
Hint : In somatic hybridization protoplasts of two species fuse hence the offspring consists of characters of
both the parents. Hence, statement – I is false.
In Cybrid, cytoplasm is contributed by both the parents but genome is contributed only from one parent.
21. Pomato
(1) is produced by hybridization between pome and tomato
2) is the product of cross fertilization
3) has all the desired combination of characteristics for its commercial utilization.
(4) does not have all the desired combination of characteristics for its commercial utilization
Key: 4
Hint:
Pomato is a somatic hybridization product from potato and tomato. Unfortunately it does not have all the
desired combination of characteristics for its commercial utilization.

22. Somatic hybridization is accomplished by

(1) fusion of two protoplasts from similar species
(2) fusion of two protoplasts from two species
3) chromosome doubling in androgenic cultures
4) fusion of two protoplasts from sperm and egg
Key : 2
Hint:
Somatic hybridization is accomplished by fusion of two protoplasts from two species

23. Cybrid is a result of

(1) fusion of cytoplasm and nuclei of the two somatic cells
(2) fusion of cytoplasm of two somatic cells, but the nuclei remain unfused
(3) fusion of cytoplasm of two somatic cells, but the nucleus of one cell
(4) fusion of cytoplasm of two somatic cells take place, but one part of the nucleus of one cell fuses with
the entire nucleus of second cell
Key : 3
Hint : In Cybrid, cytoplasm is contributed by both the parents but genome is contributed only from one
parent.

24. Maize hybrids developed in the year 2000 are rich in the amino acids whose codons are
1) AAG and UGG 2) AAA and GGU 3) GAA and GUG 4) AGA and UGG
Key : 1
Hint : the amino acids, lysine and tryptophan AAG and UGG respectively.

25. Statement - I: Somatic hybridization does not help in bypassing the conventional breeding barriers.
Statement -II: It helps in direct transfer of cytoplasmic as well nuclear genes through tissue culture
technique.
1) Both S-I and S-II is correct 2) Both S-I and S-II is incorrect
3) S-I is correct and S-II is incorrect 4) S-I is incorrect and S-II is correct
Key : 4
Hint : Somatic hybridization helps in bypassing the conventional breeding barriers

26 Vitamin C, iron and calcium enriched green vegetable is

1) Bathua 2) Bitter gourd 3) Mustard 4) Spinach
Key : 1
Hint : Bathua (Chenopodium) is King of green vegetables it is rich in vitamin C, iron and calcium

27 Breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, higher protein and healthier fats is known as
1) Bioremediation 2) Biofortification 3) Bioenergetics 4) Biomagnification
Key : 2
Hint :
Breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, higher protein and healthier fats is known as
Biofortification
28. Atlas 66 is a variety of
1) Bathua 2) Wheat 3) Mustard 4) Spinach
Key : 2
Hint :
Atlas 66 is a variety of wheat which is used as a donor for improving cultivated wheat

29. IARI has released vitamin A enriched

A. Carrots B. Spinach C. Bitter gourd D. French bean
1) A only 2) A & B only 3) A, B & D only 4) A, B, C & D
Key : 2
Hint :
IARI has released vitamin A enriched carrot, spinach, pumpkin.
Bitter gourd is rich in vitamin C and French bean is rich in proteins.

30. Hidden hunger refers to the deficiency of

1) Micronutrient 2) Proteins 3) Vitamins 4) All of these
Key : 4
Hint : Hidden hunger refers to diets lacking essential micronutrients – particularly iron, vitamin A, iodine
and zinc- increase the risk for disease, reduce lifespan and reduce mental abilities.

31. Identify the incorrect match regarding SCP

1) Scenedesmus acutus – Fungus 2) Candida utilis – Unicellular fungus
3) Methylophilus methylotrophus – Bacterium 4) Spirulina maxima – Alga
Key: 1
Hint : Scenedesmus acutus is an algae not a Fungus
32. Torula yeast is
1) Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2) Candida utilis
3) Chaetomium cellulolyticum 4) Scenedesmus acutus
Key : 2
Hint : Candida utilis is commonly called torula yeast

33. Prokaryotic SCP producing organisms is/are

A) Spirulina maxima B) Chlorella pyrenoidosa
C) Candida utilis D) Methylophilus methylotrophus
1) D only 2) A and D only 3) A,B and D only 4) All
Key : 2
Hint :Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Candida utilis are eukaryotes.
Spirulina maxima, Methylophilus methylotrophus are prokaryotes

34. Any part of a plant taken out & grown in a test tube under sterile conditions in special nutrient media is
known as
1) Callus 2) Somaclone 3) Explant 4) Embryoid
Key : 3
Hint: The part of the plant taken to produce a whole plant is called explant.

35. A protoplast is …..

1) plant cell without cell wall 2) bacterium without nucleus
3) enucleated plant cell 4) a prokaryotic cell
Key : 1
Hint :
A protoplast is plant cell without cell wall
36. Correct statement from the following with regard to tissue culture are
A) Sucrose, inorganic salts, vitamins, amino acids, auxins and cytokinins constitute nutrient medium
B) Sterilization of both nutrient medium and explant is performed at 15 pounds of pressure for 15 minutes
in autoclave
C) Within 3 - 4 weeks of incubation explant produces undifferentiated mass of tissue called callus
1) A only 2) B & C only 3) A & C only 4) A, B only

Key : 3
Hint :
Sterilization of nutrient medium is performed at 15 pounds of pressure for 15 minutes in autoclave.
Explant is surface sterilized by using mercuric hypochlorite.

37. A North Indian, low yielding sugarcane variety is

1) Saccharum officinarum 2) Zea mays
3) Saccharum barberi 4) Oryza sativa
Key : 3
Hint: Saccharum barberi is a North Indian, low yielding sugarcane variety

38. A synthetic (or) Artificial/man made genus is

1) Teak 2) Sugarcane 3) Pomato 4) Rye
Key : 3
Hint : Pomato is produced by somatic hybridization of potato and tomato

39. Match the following:

List - 1 List - 2
I) Somaclones A) Mass of undifferentiated cells
II) Micropropagation B) Progeny genetically similar to parent plant
III) Callus C) Transfer of explant to sterilized nutrient culture medium
IV) Inoculation D) Production of many plants in limited space & less time
E) Alkaloid
The correct match is
I II III IV I II III IV
1) B A C D 2) B D A C
3) A C B D 4) D C A B
Key : 2
Hint : Somaclones - Progeny genetically similar to parent plant
Micropropagation - Production of many plants in limited space & less time
Callus - Mass of undifferentiated cells
Inoculation - Transfer of explant to sterilized nutrient culture medium

40. Norman E. Borlaug developed semi-dwarf

1) wheat variety 2) sugarcane variety
3) jowar variety 4) bajra variety
Key : 1
Hint : Norman E. Borlaug developed semi-dwarf wheat variety at International centre for wheat and maize
improvement in Mexico.