Std IX / Biology

Unit 7 / Economic Biology / III Term

I Choose the correct answer:
1. The production and management of fish is called______.
(a) Pisciculture (b) Sericulture (c) Aquaculture (d) Monoculture
2. Which one of the following is not an exotic breed of cow?
(a) Jersey (b) Holstein – Friesam (c) Sahiwal (d) Brown Swiss
3. Which one of the following is an Italian species of honey bee?
(a) Apis mellifera (b) Apis dorsata (c) Apis florae (d) Apis cerana
4. Which of the following are Indian cattle?
(i) Bos indicus (ii) Bos domesticus (iii) Bos bubalts (iv) Bos Vulgaris
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (iii) and (iv)
5. Which one of the following is not an Indian major carp?
(a) Rohu (b) Catla (c) Mrigal (d) Singhara
6. Drones in the honey bee colony are formed from _______.
(a) Unfertilized egg (b) fertilized egg (c) parthenogenesis (d) both b and c
7. Which of the following is an high milk yielding variety of cow?
(a) Holstein-Friesan (b) Dorset (c) Sahiwal (d) Red Sindhi
8. Which one of the following is referred as red worms?
(a) Eudrilus fetida (b) Eudrilus eugieniae (c) Perionyx excavates (d) Lampito mauritii
9. Which Indian variety of honey bee is commonly used for apiculture?
(a) Apis dorsota (b) Apis florae (c) Apis mellifera (d) Apis indica
10. Mehsana is a breed of
(a) Cow (b) Buffalo (c) Goat (d) Sheep

II Fill in the blanks:

1. Rhizohium is a nodulating type of microorganism associating symbiotically with the root of
legume plants.
2. Quinine drug is obtained from Cinchona (cinjona maram)
3. Carica papaya leaf can cure dengue disease.
4. Ganoderma lucidum, is commonly known as lingzhi mushroom.
5. Bee keeping is the maintenance of bee colonies in modern hives.
6. Vermicompost is a type of soil made by Earthworm and microorganisms.
7. Aquaculture refers to the culture of prawns, pearl and edible oysters.

III Match the following:

Column A Column B
1 Lobsters Shell fish
2 Catla Fin fish
3 Sea bass Marine fish
4 Oysters Pearl
5 Pokkali Paddy
6 Pleurotus sps Oyster mushroom
7 Sarpagandha Reserpine
8 Olericulture Vegetable farming
9 Wrighta tinctoria Psoriasis

IV State whether True or False. If false, correct the given statement.

1. Mycorrhiza is an algae. (F) Mycorrhiza is a fungi.
2. Milch animals are used in agriculture and transport. (F)Milch animals are used in milk
production
3. Apis florae is a rock bee. (F)Apis dorsata is a rock bee.
4. Ongole is an exotic breed of cattle. (T)
5. Sheep manure contains high nutrients than farm yard manure. (T)

V Differentiate the following:

(a) Exotic breed and Indigenous breed.
Exotic Breed Indigenous breed
1. The exotic breeds are imported from Indigenous Breeds are native of India.
foreign countries
2. They include Jersey, Brown Swiss, They include Sahiwal, Red Sindhi,
Holstein – Friesian. Deoni and Gir.
 (b) Pollen and Nectar
Pollen
It is fine powder of microscopic particles
from the male flower. Pollen is produced
by anther, male reproductive organ.
Nectar
It is a sweet substance, produced by plants to
attract pollinators such as bee, butterfly.
Nectar is converted into Honey

(c) Shrimp and Prawn

Shrimp Prawn
Marine inhibited prawns are called Prawn are crustaceans inhibited in fresh water,
Shrimps, which breed in deep sea. marine water, estuaries, etc

(d) Farmyard manure and Sheep manure

Farmyard manure Sheep manure
It is a mixture of cattle dung, urine, litter This is the manure of sheep or Goat
material, and other dairy wastes.
0.5% Nitrogen, 0.2% Phosphate, 0.5% 3% Nitrogen, 1% phosphorus pentoxide 2 %
potash. potassium oxide
Less compared to sheep manure High nutrients.

V Answer in brief:
1. What are secondary metabolites?
Secondary metabolites are organic compounds produced by bacteria, fungi, (or) plants which
are not directly involved in the normal growth, development or reproduction of the organism.
2. What are the types of vegetable garden?
Types of vegetable gardens are
(a) Kitchen or Nutrition gardening (b) Commercial gardening (c) Vegetable forcing
(d) Green house (or) Poly House (e) Organic Vegetable Gardening.
3. Mention any two mushroom preservation methods.
We can preserve mushrooms in any of the following methods:
(a) Freezing (b) Drying (c) Canning (d) Vacuum Cooling (e) Gamma radiation and
storing at 15C.
4. Enumerate the advantages of vermicompost over chemical fertilizer.
(a) Vermicompost is free from pathogens and toxic elements.
(b) It enhances decomposition of organic matter in soil.
(c) It is rich in beneficial microflora.
(d) It contains valuable vitamins, enzymes and growth regulator substances.
5. What are the species of earthworm used for vermiculture?
Earthworms for vermicompost:
(a) Indian blueworm (Perionyx excavates)
(b) Red worms (Eisenia fetida)
(c) African night crawler (Eudrilus eugeniae)
6. List the medicinal ________ importance of honey.
(a) Honey has an antiseptic and antibacterial property.
(b) It is blood purifier.
(c) It helps in building up of haemoglobin content in the blood.
(d) It prevents cough, cold, fever and relieves sore throat.
(e) It is a remedy for ulcers of tongue, stomach and intestine.
(f) It enhances digestion and appetite

VIII Answer in detail:

1. Enumerate the advantage of hydroponics.
Hydroponics is the method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions in
water.
The advantages of Hydroponics:
(a) Conservation of water and nutrients.
(b) Controlled plant growth.
(c) In deserts and arctic regions, hydroponics can be an effective alternative method.
2. Define Mushroom culture. Explain the mushroom cultivation methods.
Mushroom cultivation: it is a technology of growing mushrooms using plant, animal and
industrial waste.
 Major stages of Mushroom cultivation:
(a) Composting:
Preparation:
(i) Mix paddy straw with cow dung and inorganic fertilizers.
(ii) Keep at 50C for one week.
(b) Spawning: Mushroom seed
Preparation: Growing fungal mycelium in grain under sterile conditions. Spawn is sownon
compost.
(c) Casing:
Cover compost with thin layer of soil to support the growth of mushroom through humidity and
temperature regulation.
(d) Pinning:
(i) Mycelium starts to form little buds (pins)
(ii) These little white buds develop into mushroom.
(e) Harvesting:
(i) Temperature: 15C - 23C.
(ii) Mushroom grow 3 cm in a week.
(iii) After 3 weeks, they can be harvested.

3. What are the sources of organic resources for vermicomposting?

Biologically degradable organic wastes are used as potential organic resources
vermicomposting.
They are
(i) Agricultural wastes (Crop residue, Vegetables waste, Sugarcane trash)
(ii) Crop residues (rice straw, tea wastes, cereal and pulse residues, rice husk, tobacco
wastes, coir wastes).
(iii) Leaf litter.
(iv) Fruit and vegetable wastes.
(v) Animal wastes (cattle dung, poultry droppings, pig slurry, goat and sheep droppings)
(vi) Biogas slurry.
4. Give an account of different types of fish ponds used for rearing fishes.
Different types of Ponds:
(a) Breeding ponds:
Healthy and sexually mature male and female fishes are collected and introduced in the pond
for breeding.
(b) Hatchling ponds:
The fertilized eggs are transferred from breeding ponds to hatchling pits for hatching.
Two types of pits: (1) Hatcheries (2) Hatchling hapas.
(c) Nursery ponds:
(i) Hatchlings are transferred from hatchling pits after 2 to 7 days.
(ii) The hatchlings grow into fry and are cultured for about 60 days will proper feedingtill
they reach 2 – 2.5cm in length.
(d) Rearing ponds:
The fish fry are transferred to rearing ponds and are maintained for about three months till
they reach 10 to 15 cm in length.
(e) Stocking pond (or Culture pond or Production pond)
These ponds are used to rear fingerlings upto marketable size. Ponds are manured with
organic manure and inorganic fertilizers.
5. Classify the different breeds of the cattle with suitable examples.
Draft (or) Draught Dual purpose
Dairy Breeds Buffalo breeds
breeds breeds
(i) Indigenous They are used for They provide milk They are the main
breeds(Native breeds) agricultural work. and also are useful milk producers.
Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Amritmahal, for farm work. Murrah, Mehsana,
Deoni and Gir. Kangayam, Haryana, Ongole, and Surti.
(ii) Exotic Breeds Umblachery, Malvi, Kankrej and
(Foreign) Jersey, Siri and Hallikar Tharparkar.
Brown Swiss and breeds.
Holstein – Friesian, etc

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