Part 1: Heat Supplied by Thermal Oil Boiler to Waste Oil

𝑄 = 𝑚̇𝐶𝑃 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
𝑇2 = 180 °𝐶 (Data given by Malacha)
𝑚3
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 90 (Data given by Malacha)
ℎ𝑟
𝑘𝑔
𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑂𝑖𝑙 = 758.8 (Data obtained through interpolation as per Attachment
𝑚3
1)
𝑘𝐽
𝐶𝑃 𝑎𝑡 180 °𝐶 = 2.4648 (Data obtained through interpolation as per Attachment 1)
𝑘𝑔.°𝐶

𝑚3 𝑘𝑔
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 90 × 758.8 3
ℎ𝑟 𝑚
𝑘𝑔
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 68292
ℎ𝑟
To obtain T1, the following value from Part 2 was used as following calculation:
𝑘𝐽
6 918 080.57 = 𝑚̇𝐶𝑃 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
ℎ𝑟

𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽
6 918 080.57 = 68292 × 2.4648 (180°𝐶 − 𝑇1 )
ℎ𝑟 ℎ𝑟 𝑘𝑔. °𝐶
𝑇1 = 138.90 °𝐶
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝐽
𝑄 = 68292 × 2.4648 × (180°𝐶 − 138.90°𝐶)
ℎ𝑟 𝑘𝑔. °𝐶
𝑘𝐽
𝑄 = 6 918 203.60
ℎ𝑟
Part 2: Energy Needed to Heat 5000kg of oil from 30°C to 100°C & 2497kg of water from
100°C to 130°C
References:
1. https://malaysia.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100923142616AA5XLQ5&guccount
er=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAABSN7fHt
Wp9ZPp2UuB4YG7cjuNIav7ie5Ub9LAXvjQebKqjbakqc5QqTcuZEl5K1VNZX2x0YDM19nopOiLoXTr
rf1XFA1AdPU21lyzzaO6UC4aidOiCnROPi0kis-
AUwjoGxd_VJFm8ArGG6annLVi5IjLvVOJtjygsUGz_JTRjV
2. https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/long-take-heat-40-gal-water-70-f-120-f-20-kw-
immersion-heate-chapter-4-problem-4p-solution-9780495010852-exc
3. http://www.dartmouth.edu/~ears5/handouts/heat.html
4. https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/specific-heat-fluids-d_151.html
𝐸 = 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑡𝑜 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 + 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑡𝑜 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒
+ 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑡𝑜 𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝐸 = 𝑚𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝐶𝑝𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 ∆𝑇𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 + 𝑚𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝐶𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑙 ∆𝑇𝑜𝑖𝑙 + 𝑚𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑣𝑎𝑝 + 𝑚𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝐶𝑝𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 ∆𝑇𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝑘𝐽
𝐿𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 2300 (Value taken from Reference 3 and confirmed with other websites)
𝑘𝑔.°𝐶

𝑚 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 2497𝑘𝑔
𝑚 𝑜𝑖𝑙 = 2503𝑘𝑔 (Value combined for oil and sediment as no Cp is available for sediment)
∆𝑇𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 100 − 30 = 70°𝐶
∆𝑇𝑜𝑖𝑙 = 100 − 30 = 70°𝐶
∆𝑇𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 130 − 100 = 30°𝐶
𝑘𝐽
𝐶𝑃𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 4.1868 (Data obtained from both the reference above. They did not specify
𝑘𝑔.°𝐶
how they chose this Cp but both of this 2 different examples also used the same so I chose this
too. Also confirmed by Google search with other sources.)
𝑘𝐽
𝐶𝑃𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 2.0100 (Data obtained from by Google search and confirmed with other
𝑘𝑔.°𝐶
sources.)
𝑘𝐽
𝐶𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑙 = 1.6700 (Assumed to be vegetable oil as per Reference 4.)
𝑘𝑔.°𝐶

𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽
𝐸 = (2497 𝑘𝑔 × 4.1868 × 70°𝐶) + (2503 𝑘𝑔 × 1.6700 × 70°𝐶)
𝑘𝑔. °𝐶 𝑘𝑔. °𝐶
𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽
+ (2497 𝑘𝑔 × 2300 ) + (2497𝑘𝑔 × 2.0100 × 30°𝐶)
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔. °𝐶
𝐸 = 6 918 080.57 kJ
Part 3: Energy Required to Fully Vaporize 2497kg of Water at 130°C
References:
1. https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-energy-needed-to-evaporate-1-kg-of-water
2. https://www.unido.org/sites/default/files/2008-05/PR-4-Examples-4_0.pdf
3. https://socratic.org/questions/how-much-energy-is-needed-to-vaporize-0-22-kg-of-water
4. https://www.kentchemistry.com/links/Energy/HeatVaporization.htm

𝐸 = 𝑚𝐻𝑣𝑎𝑝
𝑘𝐽
𝐴𝑡 130°𝐶, 𝐻𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 2173.7 (Data obtained from https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/)
𝑘𝑔

𝑘𝐽
𝐸 = 2497 𝑘𝑔 × 2173.7
𝑘𝑔
𝐸 = 5 427 728.90 𝑘𝐽

Part 4: Time Required to Heat 2497kg of Water from 30°C to 130°C and Subsequently to
Fully Evaporate
1. https://malaysia.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100923142616AA5XLQ5&guccount
er=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAABSN7fHt
Wp9ZPp2UuB4YG7cjuNIav7ie5Ub9LAXvjQebKqjbakqc5QqTcuZEl5K1VNZX2x0YDM19nopOiLoXTr
rf1XFA1AdPU21lyzzaO6UC4aidOiCnROPi0kis-
AUwjoGxd_VJFm8ArGG6annLVi5IjLvVOJtjygsUGz_JTRjV
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡 2 + 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡 3
𝑡=
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡 1
6 918 080.57 kJ + 5 427 728.90 𝑘𝐽
𝑡=
𝑘𝐽
6 918 203.60
ℎ𝑟
𝑡 = 1.78 ℎ𝑟
𝑡 = 1.78 ℎ𝑟 × 60 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 = 𝟏𝟎𝟔. 𝟖 𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔