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RESISTANCE EXERCISE:
c) Endurance:
Primarily endurance refers to the ability to perform repetitive or
sustained activities over a prolonged period of time. Cardiopulmonary
endurance (total body endurance) is associated with repetitive, dynamic
motor activities like walking, cycling, swimming, etc., which involves
use of large muscles of the body. Muscle endurance is the ability of a
muscle to contract repeatedly against an external load, generate and
sustain tension and resist fatigue over an extended period of time. The
key parameters of endurance training are low intensity muscle
contraction, a high number of repetitions, and a prolonged time period.
1. To strengthen bones
2. To build muscle strength
3. To treat and prevent coronary heart diseases
4. To improve range of motion and endurance.
5. To improve muscle performance
CONSIDERATIONS:
1. Observe the patient for signs of poor tolerance to
active exercise due to cardiovascular or pulmonary
diagnoses.
2. Joint motion may be limited by chronic disease and
motion should be limited to available range of
motion.
3. Exercises can be modified to be performed sitting or
lying on the back.
4. Resistive exercises can be provided through manual
resistance supplied by the clinician or mechanically
with the use of equipment such as dumb bells,
resistive bands or ankle weights.
5. The patient should never hold their breath while
performing resistive exercise.
6. The amount of resistance applied should be
carefully monitored in those with osteoporosis.
7. Resistive exercise is contraindicated if a
Joint/muscle is inflamed or swollen.
PRECAUTIONS:
CONTRAINDICATIONS:
3) Verbal Commands:
i) Coordinate the timing of the verbal commands with the
application of resistance to maintain control when the patient
initiates a movement.
ii) Use simple, direct verbal commands and use different verbal
commands to facilitate isometric, concentric or eccentric
contractions.
4) Body Mechanics of Therapist
i) Select a treatment plinth on which to position the patient that is a
suitable height or adjust the height of the patient’s bed, if
possible, to enhance use of proper body mechanics.
ii) Assume a position close to the patient to avoid stresses on your
(therapist) lower back and to maximize control of the patient’s
treatment area.
iii) Use a wide base of support to maintain a stable posture while
manually applying resistance; shift your weight to move as the
patient moves his/her limb.
5) Number of Repetitions and Sets/Rest Intervals
i) As with all forms of resistance exercise, the number of
repetitions is dependent on the response of the patient.
ii) For manual resistance exercise, the number of repetitions also is
contingent on the strength and endurance of the therapist.
iii) In general, 8-10 repetitions of a specific motion will take the
patient to a point of muscular fatigue
iv) Additional repetitions may be carried out after an adequate
period of rest is allowed for recovery from fatigue.
Manual Resistance Procedures for Shoulder Movement
Shoulder Flexion:
1) Place the patient in supine position on the plinth.
2) Apply resistance to the anterior aspect of the distal arm or to the
distal portion of the forearm if the elbow is stable and pain-free
3) Command the patient to do shoulder flexion.
4) Stabilization of scapula and trunk is provided by the plinth.
Shoulder Extension:
1) Place the person in prone lying position on the plinth.
2) Apply resistance to the posterior aspect of the distal arm or the
distal portion of the forearm.
3) Command the patient to do shoulder extension.
4) Stabilization of scapula and trunk is provided by the plinth