Introduction

Organizational behavior is the study of the human behavior of an organization and their roles to the
organizational success. It is the internal factor of the organization that affects the organization daily
activities and determines the success or failure. Culture varies in organization to organization. Different
types of people comes from different regions, community and culture are working in an organization.
They might not have same behavior or attitude towards the organizational activities. But organizational
behavior control this and build a stable, work-friendly environment in the organization so that employee
get motivated and works for achieving success.

Part A

We will discuss about the organization the Walt Disney company which is commonly known as Disney. It
is one of the largest and most innovative mass media and entertainment company. The head quarter
situated in Burbank, California and the journey started in 1923. At first they only make animation
movies but later on they possessed broadcasting channels like Disney, ESPN channels. They also expand
their business by entering in tourism and hospitality industry. They have almost 14 theme park and
resort throughout the world. They also have music and theatre division too. So they have an immense
effect in the entertainment sector. Here we will discuss about the cultural and other factors of this
organization and will show how this affect the organizational tasks.

1. HOW INDIVIDUAL AND TEAM BEHAVIOR AND

PERFORMANCE ARE INFLUENCED BY
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, POLITICS AND POWER
In an organization there are different persons from different culture. They have their own point of view
and perspectives. That’s why they can act differently from each other. So, waltz Disney also have
employees having different culture. Politics is a major factor that affects an organization very poorly. If a
person needs to use tricks everywhere in the organization to gain something it would be hard for the
organizations to force them to be honest. And thus, the company will lose its transparency. Walt Disney
never follows this type of politics. The managers have some powers like rewarding, promoting, take
actions against any subordinates affects the employees. Ay company needs to have different power
based on different designation. If a person learns that he would be rewarded for his good performance
and punished for the bad deeds he would be more careful towards the organization. So, Disney tries to
make their environment challenging to keep their subordinates competitive in manner.

The influencing factors for individual behavior at Walt Disney

Personal factors: every individual person has individual personality. Some of them have ethical
manners and some them has not. Some are hardworking some are trusty, and many of them are
only for earning money. Motivation also has a great impact on this. besides factors one can be
motivated on also can be varied according to individuals. for example, good working
environment, promotion can motivate some people, on the other hand some of are motivated by
the monetary rewards like bonus incentives etc. Disney provides its workers with good working
environment and other facilities to keep its employees motivated and competitive as well.

Environmental factors: environment makes a big difference on people. People behave

differently in changing environment. Leaders plays another big role in leading their subordinate
in different environment. Leaders can create a good and friendly environment for their
employees. And some leaders can act as a boss. In a dictating environment subordinates are kept
under pressure to obey the leader’s order, but not every organizations suits this kind of
environment. Walt Disney maintains their environment in a more friendly zone to keep their
employees creative and increase their imagination.

Demographic factors: social economic facts play an important role in any organization. A
person’s education, culture, economic condition, family background affects their behavior. For
example, employee having a good educational background will behave wisely and will take
wiser decision. Rather than this some of them has real life experience that will help them in near
future to take decisions more wisely. Also, family background affects one behavior more
significantly as most of our mind growth occurs from family.

Psychological factors: psychological factors affect an individual’s way of thinking. So, this is
another most significant factor among all. People’s needs or demands from a specific job
depends mostly on psychological factors. Some are satisfied with their earnings. Some expects
reward for their good performance. Some feel motivated with good working environment and
some expects bonus or incentives to feel motivated. And some of them are happy just with

Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational

techniques enable effective achievement of goals in an organizational context.
There are different types of motivational theories that are used in the organization for understanding
the organizational behavior. Some of them are described below

Equity theory: equity theory refers to the equal distribution of the resources to the both parties in the
organization. The ratio of cost and benefits of each person helped to determine the equity. Equity
theory was developed by j. Stacy. Adams and implemented in 1960. Equity exists if the employees get
fair reward for their good work and inequality happens if the distribution of resources are not fair. It will
affect the employee’s performances. Some problems arise in case of inequality theory, they are-

 Employees may take resign from the job

 May not be loyal to the organization
 Will lose the interest of work
 Won’t give their best effort in case of creativity and others.
There have some limitations and difficulty in equity theory because it is difficult for the manager to
identify the right person for giving the reward.

Expectancy theory: It is also known as expectancy theory of motivation. It is the most popular theory
.this theory proposed that a specific person will act in a certain way that they have directed and
motivated to behave in that way to get the expected result. According to this theory, the employee will
give their best possible effort if they get the following outcomes:

 Will reward them for their good effort

 The reward will fulfill their basic need s rather than others
 Putting great effort will be considered for the evaluation

This theory is the simplest theory. Here the actual performer needs to be identified and give him the
reward according to his needs. The Walmart Disney followed this theory for giving motivation to the
employee

Reinforcement theory: E. L. Thorndike introduced the reinforcement theory. According to this theory,
the behavior of an individual results from its consequences or is a function of its consequences. The
theory is based on the effect of law that means the positive reinforcement of an individual will be
repeated consequently and the negative reinforcement will not be repeated. Internal condition of an
individual is overlooked in this theory. The following methods are used by the manager for controlling
the employee’s behavior

 Positive reinforcement
 Negative reinforcement
 Punishment
 Extinction

Goal setting theory: researcher Edwin found this theory. This theory talks about the effect on the
performance if the specific goals are set. The individual who select difficult but specific goals will
perform better than those who have set the general and easy goals. This theory gives the employees the
clear idea about what they need to achieve and what must be required to achieve this goal. There have
some effective goal setting principles which are discussed below:

Clarity: The goals that are preciously defined are more achievable than the goals that are poorly
defined

Challenges: There should have at least a minimum level of difficulty to avail the goal so that employee
gets motivated

Commitment: give the best effort to achieve the objective

Feedback: a process should be set up to get the information at the time of work progress.
Theory that can be used in Walt Disney

Walt Disney is using expectancy theory but they can do better by using Maslow’s theory.

The Maslow’s theory is explained as follows:

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs:

Fulfilling employees’ needs is proposed in this theory in a pyramid format. Maslow explained in this
theory that if the organization fails to fulfil the employee’s primary needs then the employee might lose
his/her interest in job. The basic needs are generally foods, safety, clothing, shelter etc. when the
employee believes he can fulfill his needs through the job he will be motivated automatically.

According to Maslow, needs are categorized into three categories. They are respectively basic needs,
psychological needs, self-fulfillment needs. And there are some sub groups into each of these
categories. Some people feel satisfaction by fulfilling only the basic needs which is mainly safety needs
and physiological needs. Some of them are already provided with the basic needs and thinking about
getting more. in Walt Disney, satisfying employees needs means giving them their salaries by which
they can maintain their living. if managers fail, then the worker feels demotivated and thus they won’t
be able to serve the organization by their best. Although Walt Disney has massive number of employees
which is around 201000, its not easy for the leader or manager to monitor all employees demand and
take initiatives to satisfy them. so, it’s may be impossible to use the Maslow’s theory in their
organization.