PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA

Vth Year B.ARCH L Sr PROJECT NAME LOCATIO TYPE SELECTION CRITERIA

MIT-Aurangabad INTRODUCTION I
V
N KOHINOOR SQUARE
Mixed-use High Rise Habitat is—in a broad sense—any urban, E 1 KOHINOOR SQUARE MUMBAI MIXED USE FIRST MIXED USED
suburban development, or even a single building, that blends a HIGH RISE IN MUMBAI Dadar, Mumbai, 2009-15
combination of residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or 2 KANCHANJUNGA MUMABI RESIDENTAIL ONE OF THE FISRT Architect: SSA Architects, Mumbai
industrial uses, where those functions are physically and APT. HIGH RISE STURUCRE
Client: The Kohinoor Group
functionally integrated, and that provides pedestrian connections. 3 AQUARIA GRANDE MUMBAI RESIDENTAIL HIGH RISE STRUCTURE Program: Mixed-Use
ABIDING DCR RULES
NEED OF PROJECT Plot Area: 18,615 sq.m
Floor Area: 50,000 sq.m for Office
Since the 1990s, mixed-use zoning has once again become desirable as L Sr PROJECT NAME LOCATIO TYPE SELECTION CRITERIA
I Height: 203 meters Main building,
the benefits are recognized. These benefits include N
MIXED-USE • greater housing variety and density
• reduced distances between housing, workplaces, retail businesses, and
T
E
R
1 LINKED HYBRID BEIJING
,CHINA
MIXED USE A 3D URBAN
STURCUTRE
142 meters Residence Building
Floor counts: 52 stories, 32 stories
Cost US$: 0.33 billion
A
OF MIXED HIGH RISE
HIGH RISE other destinations
• more compact development
• stronger neighborhood character
T
U
R
2 TAIPEI 101 TAIPEI, COMMERCIAL ICONIC STRUCTURE
Lifts: 28(24+4)
Status: Under-Constructed
E TAIWAN Parking -3500
• pedestrian and bicycle-friendly environments 132 residential units
CASE STUDIES Mumbai currently faces Space shortage issue and various social issues
one of which is travelling from one end to another. A resilient mixed-used OBJECTIVE: To study planning and design of Mixed-use High rise in context to Mumbai
complex is an attempt to Address these issues.
KOHINOOR SQUARE
Dadar, Mumbai, 2009-15 LINKED HYBRID
Climate of Mumbai
Architect: SSA Architects, Mumbai Beijing, China, 2007
• The Climate of Mumbai is a tropical
Client: The Kohinoor Group wet and dry climate.
Architect: Steven Holl Architects
Program: Mixed-Use • Mumbai's climate can be best
Client: Modern Investment Grp
Plot Area: 18,615 sq.m described as moderately hot with high
Program: Mixed-Use
Floor Area: 50,000 sq.m for commercial level of humidity.
Plot Area: 61.800 m2
Height: 203 meters Main building, • Its coastal nature and tropical location
Building Footprint: 15,500 sq.m
142 meters Residence Building ensures temperatures won't fluctuate
Gross Floor Area: 2,21,000 sq.m
Floor counts: 52 stories, 28 stories much throughout the year.
Height: 68 m
Cost US$: 0.33 billion • The mean average is 27.2 °C
Floor counts: 21 stories
Lifts: 28
Lifts: 34
Status: Under-Constructed
Status: Constructed Site &
OBJECTIVE: TO study Mixed-use Habitat in context to Mumbai OBJECTIVE: To understand programmatic planning of urban space at Surrounding
community level or mixed –use habitat at international level In India, Aquaria Grande
KANCHANJUNGA is located Borivali, a
suburb of Mumbai. The
APARTMENT site is surrounded by a
dense Low-Rise
Bombay, India, 1970-1983 residential areas hence
Architect: Charles Correa its Tallest structure in
Program: Residential the vicinity.
Plot Area: 2900m2 There are many parks
Building Footprint: 432 m2 Beijing and schools as well near
Gross Floor Area: 5,260 m2 to the site
Mumbai
Height: 84 m
Taipei
Floor counts: 28 stories
Lifts: 3 + 1
Status: Constructed
OBJECTIVE: TO study vernacular in high rise in context to Mumbai

OBJECTIVE: TO study The Structural concept implied

for a high ride building

TAIPEI 101
AQUARIA GRANDE Taipei City, Taiwan, 2004
Taipei City, Taiwan, 2004 OBJECTIVE: Architect: C.Y. Lee & partners
TO study A high Rise
Architect: james Law Client: Taipei Financial Center Corp
structure according to
Client: Wadhwa Group the DCR for Mumbai
Program: Commercial
Program: Residential Building Footprint: 2500 m2
Building Footprint: 13,680 sq.m Gross Floor Area: 412.500 m2
Gross Floor Area: 30,500 sq.m Height: 508 m
Height: 164 m , Two tower Floor counts: 101 stories
Floor counts: 42 stories Cost US$: 1.6 billion
Lifts: 8 Lifts: 61
Status: Constructed
01 Status: Constructed KOHINOOR
SQUARE
Floor Plan Analysis The design of the building makes it environmentally friendly, using
technologies such as floor-to-ceiling insulated glazing to contain Structural
• The Central Core is surrounded by heat and maximize natural light, and an automatic daylight dimming
the office spaces and refuge areas system. The tower also features a greywater system, which Glazing
(at 24 meter of height) captures rainwater for reuse. Kohinoor group pvt ltd. States that the
• There are segregated office space building is made largely of recycled and recyclable materials. Air
from 2nd to 24th floor with toilets to entering the building is filtered, as is common, but the air exhausted
each office and a common toilet s is cleaned as well. The Kohinoor square building is one of the first
also provided on all these floors. skyscraper building in india to achieve a leadership in energy and
environmental design platinum rating for environmental
sustainability a gold (leed) certification from green building council.
Construction of the Kohinoor square started in early 2009, with an
completion date of march 2013. Residential Tower
132 units from 14th to 26th floor
Central core consist of 13 Stories of Parking below
• 3 Lobbies of 6 Lifts serving levels PARKING-3500 (brought from BMC)
25th to 39th Central core serves 3 lifts and 1
• Spaces between the lifts where a lift services lifts
lobby is not provided are used as There are 8 units on each floor
toilets with dust at either side: 2 lifts 6 on 17th floor which is refuge floor
from this pack of 6 are assessable to The combined pile raft foundation (cprf) is a geotechnical
UNITS- 2.5 bhk 3bhk 3.5 bhk
lower floors as well Sales composite Construction that combines the bearing effect of
• 1 lobby of 4 lifts serving levels 1st to both foundation elements raft and Piles by taking into
Hotel Office
11th to 24th Floor 24th account interactions between the foundation elements and
Residential Retail the
th
• There is a lift bank at 24 floor .
Parking Services Subsoil the piled raft foundation system has recently been
• 2 services lifts travelling Throughout
Recreational ground widely used for many structures, especially high rise
the building
13% 3% 10% buildings. In this foundation, the piles play an important role
Refuge Floors • 2 Stair cases are also placed in the
core 26% in settlement and differential settlement reduction, and thus
At 11th floor the first refuge floor is 21% can lead to economical design without compromising the
provided safety of the structure. In several design cases, the piles are
DCR RULE 11% 16% allowed to yield under the design load. Although the load
In case of high-rise bldg. more than 30 capacity of the pile is exceeded, the piled raft foundation can
m then first refuge floor shall be hold additional loads with controllable settlement. Thus,
provided at 24 m or first habitable floor accurately determining the settlement of the foundation is
whichever is higher. Thereafter at every critical and for this the designers must consider the role of
seventh habitable floor.
11th to 24th Floor the raft and the role of piles in combination, as well as the
interactions between the foundation’s components.

25th to 39th Floor

PLIE FOUNDATION USED

02 KOHINOOR
SQUARE
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad
 KANCHANJUNGA APT.
Bombay, India, 1970-1983
Charles correa
Architect: Charles Correa
Client: -
Plot Area: 2900m2 Building
Footprint: 432 m2 Gross
Floor Area: 5,260 m2
Height: 84 m
Cost $ Unknown -
Lifts: 3 + 1
Status: Constructed
OBJECTIVE: TO study vernacular in
high rise in context to Mumbai
The architect, Charles Correa,from
india and was born in1930. Started
his private practice in 1958 in
Bombay. He was at the age of 40
when the Kanchanjunga
Apartments project began
Site & Surroundings
In India Kanchanjunga is located
in Pedder Road of Greater
Mumbai, The Island city. Near
the site to the west is the Arabian
sea and the neigh hood is
surrounded by many high rise
structures influenced by
Kanchanjunga as it was the First
High rise in the area
KANCHANJUNGA
APARTMENT
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad
bombay,india
1970-1983
Concept
CONCEPT OF THEARCHITECT
The Tower is one of the masterpieces of Indian
architect, Charleas Correa. Kanchanjunga Apartments
is a 28 story height high end residential building built
in Bombay, 1983. It was clear that the architect has
reference to Lecorbusier’s crossover units in Unit
habitation in Marseilles in 1952. Correa planned
the 3 and 4 bedroom units interlocking with 5 and
6 bedroom units. 3-4 bedroom units occupies on
and half level, and 5-6 bedroom units occupies two
and half levels. There are small level displacement
within the units to differenciate outdoor terrace and
indoor living space, dining room and bedrooms and
so on. These change of levels hide the living and bed
rooms from the heat of sun and rains, while the big
opening of balcony could get as much day light as
possible. The whole building structure is built by
reinforced concrete. The open terrace part is a 6m
deep cantilever structure. Central core with lifts and
shafts and building services so it also provide central
stability element for lateral loads.
The appearance of the building has strong
resemblance of modern western building design.
Especially the white plain surface with concrete
construction. But the apartment design is an
interperation of traditional Indian bungalow with
verandah which is a main part of living area of indian
family.
The tower is 21m square on plan, and 1:4 proportion
on elevation, 84m height. It has a plain facade surface,
with cut away to open up double height balcony.
EXTRA TEXT EXPLANATION
EVOLUTIONARY ABOUT THE CONCEPT The building is oriented in east-
west direction to catch the natural
The tower design reinterperated the traditional wind from the sea and also this
living style of indian with modern architecture. direction has best view from city
And it is succesfully merged with environmential MAIN to the sea. But this face is also most
consideration, and social needs in this tower. Correa’s ENTRY heat up surface by the sun. The old
strong design signiture of sectional displacement bungalows solved this problem by
where appropriate by changes in floor surface is warpping a thick layer of around
most elaborated in this project. The complexity of living area verandas to protect
internal spacial organization to create level changes from heay monsoon rain and sun
PARKING
and interlocking four types of units was pushed to an EXIT heat. Kanchanjuna Apartment is
extreme in this project.. applying this concept into the
apartment design.
PARKING
ENRTY 03
 Great deal of transparency has been achieved by
the use of large opening and terrace gardens on
every floor. Because of American training, Correa
has rarely been tempted to import Western ideas
into India. Like most architects of his generation he
has been influenced by Le Corbusier, but by his
response to the Mediterranean sun with his “Great
sculptural decisions (the over-hangs, the double-
heights), placed facing the elements”. MATERIALS&COLOURS

STRUCTURE With its concrete

construction and large
Whole structure is areas of white panels,
made of reinforced bears a strong
concrete. The resemblance to modern
building is a 32 apartment buildings in the
storied rein-forced west. However, the garden
concrete structure terraces of Kanchanjunga
With 6.3 m apartments are actually a
cantilevered open modern interpretation of a
terraces. The feature of the traditional
central core houses Indian bungalows the
lifts and other verandah. In a bungalow,
services also the verandah wraps the
provides the main main living area. According
structural element to the architect there are
for resisting lateral some elements to combine
loads. The central the whole city as form axis
core was of color. The color expert
constructed ahead says that “the quality of
of the main sunlight, climate and
structure by slip culture influence color
method of choices : hence one would
construction. This observe a preference for
technique was used blue and its shades in the
for the first time in west while in India and
India for a multi- other Asian countries one
storied building. finds a predominance of
reds and yellows
KANCHANJUNGA 04
APARTMENT
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad
AQUARIA GRANDE
MUMBAI,INDIA
Architect: james Law
Client: Wadhwa Group
Program: Residential
Building Footprint: 13,680 sq.m
Gross Floor Area: 30,500 sq.m
Height: 164 m , Two tower
Floor counts: 42 stories
Lifts: 8
Status: Constructed
Parking- 409
202 residential units
 THE RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IS
OBJECTIVE: PROPOSED BY DEMOLISHING THE
TO study A high Rise
structure according to EXISTING STRUCTURES.
the DCR of Mumbai
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THIS PROPERTY
HAS BEEN PROPOSED AS A RESIDENTIAL
DEVELOPMENT ALONG WITH PUBLIC
PARKING DCR 33(24).
 AREA OF THE PLOT : 13678.70 sq.mts.
 PROPOSAL TO BUILD A RESIDENTIAL
BUILDING WITH 2 BASEMENTS, 3 LEVEL
PODIUMS, AND SUPER STRUCTURE WING
– A, WING – B UPTO STILT + 32 UPPER
Site & surroundings
In India, Aquaria Grande is FLOORS WITH 180 FLATS & WING – C AS
located Borivali, a suburb of
Mumbai. The site is surrounded THE CLUB HOUSE.
by a dense Low-Rise residential  TOTAL HEIGHT OF THE BUILDING 137.15
areas hence its Tallest structure in Total bldg. :
the vicinity. meters.
There are many parks and Wing – A : 2 basements + 3 podiums
schools as well near to the site
+ stilt + 32 upper floors.

Wing – B : 2 basements + 3 podiums

1st Podium
+ stilt + 32 upper floors.

Total height : 137.15 mts.

Total no. of flats : 202 Residential flats.

Stilt

2nd Podium

3rd Podium

Refuge Floor

SECTION
AQUARIA GRANDE 05

PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad

 No. of staircases / wing : 2 nos. ( 2.00mts.
CLUB HOUSE & OTHER AMMENITIES each )

No. of lifts / wing : 3 passenger lifts @ 1

• CLUB HOUSE INCLUDES GYM, SWIMMING service lift.
POOL, RESTAURANT & BAR.
Refuge floors : 5th, 11th, 17th, 23rd & 29th
• CLUB HOUSE IS FOR BOTH BUILDING
MEMBERS & OTHER MEMBERS.
• IT HAS SEPARATE ENTRANCE ALSO.
PANAROMIC VIEW FROM CURVED BALCONIES
• IT IS ALSO HAVING BANQUET HALL.
• IT ALSO INCLUDES SPORTS CLUB WITH Adequate open spaces all around the building for
easy movement of fire
BADMINTON CLUB, SNOOKER TABLE, SQUASH tender.
COURT.
 Building is accessible by Fire tender driveway on
podium level.
Lower Basement
 Each unit accessible from two stair cases.

 Provision of Refuge floors as per CFO requirement.

Floor Total car park

1st podium (+1.00 m. Lvl.) 92 nos.

2nd podium (+5.10m. Lvl.) 140 nos.

Upper Basement

3rd podium (+9.30m. Lvl.) 149 nos.

SECTION Stilt (+14.50m. Lvl.) 28 nos.

SHOWING
REFUGE FLOORS Total 409 nos.
WHICH IS 4% Parking Statement
AREA OF THE
Carpet Areas Rule (DCR) No. of Flats Parking
HABITABLE ZONE Required
ABOVE Below 35.00 sq.mt. 1 for 4 flats -- --
Refuge floors 35.00 to 45.00 1 for 2 flats -- --
: 5th, 11th, 17th, sq.mt.
23rd & 29th 45.00 to 70.00 1 for 1 flat -- --
sq.mt.
Above 70.00 sq.mt. 2 for 1 flat 180 360

Total 360
Visitors parking 36
Total parking required 396
Total parking provided 409

AQUARIA GRANDE 06

PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad

 LINKED HYBRID
Beijing, China, 2007

Architect: Steven Holl Architects

Client: Modern Investment Group,
Beijing Plot Area: 61.800 m2
Building Footprint: 15.500
m2 Gross Floor Area:
221.000 m2 Height: 68 m
Cost US$: OBJECTIVE: To understand programmatic planning of urban
Unknown Lifts: 34 space at community level or mixed –use habitat at
international level
Status: Constructed
664 Residential units

Concept
CONCEPT OF THEARCHITECT

Linked Hybrid projects a renewed thinking about the public space within
large scale high rise projects. Holl shows us in this project how his ideal
vertical city should work. It is his ideal city within a city.

The horizontal traditional urban structure, continuous plinth with services,

is combined with the vertical cit y, disrupted plinth.

Living is combined with commercial program in various towers. The

commercial program is located in the plinth and living above. An ‘urban’
ring of commercial and cultural public activities link the towers on the
t wentieth floor. This skyhigh public space provides a cinematc experience
of the whole complex and the cit y surrounding it. A big variation of
Site & Surroundings urban functions are located in this ring, for example: a swimmingpool, a
In China, Linked Hybrid is fitness centre, a nail and hair studio, an architecture office, galeries, bars,
located Beijing. The site is theesaloons and stores (more info on page 3).
surrounded by many high rise
To prevent the cit y within a cit y to become an isolated island, Holl
colonies of same developer. It is
introduces the term urban porosit y. He connects his ideal cit y with it ’s
also adjacent to the old city.It
context by attracting people to the centre of linked hybrid. Urban space is
has Good connectivity the cities
enclosed in the heart of the project. On street level pedestrians are able to
express way. Hence can attract
move in and out the project.
a many visitors in their city within
a city
These t wo themes, ‘cit y within a cit y’ and ‘urban porosit y’ are also the basis EXTRA TEXT EXPLANATION
for Holl’s second big housing project in China, the sliced urban porosit y
block. Three different public entrances connect the skyring with the
public space on ground floor. These entrances (coloured red in the
EVOLUTIONARY ABOUT THE CONCEPT
floor plan above) each offer a different variety of pro- gram. One
area for health and sportcentre, one area for recreational program
The ensemble of high rise towers instead of the vertical tower pinned in the
opened through the day and one area for restaurants openede
city projects a new way of thinking about high rise architecture.
during night. The entrance to the restaurant is located next to the
The public space in heart of the large plot area connected with the highly acces to the cinema within the heart of the project.
accesible program in the skyring makes a unique contribution to the public
life in the city.
FUNCTIONS IN THE RING

1. reading room 15.office, locker rooms

2. design/book store 16.lane lap pool
3. architecture gallery 17. suspended catwalk
4. sculpture gallery 18. spa/massage
5. art gallery 19.meetin place
6. viewing platform 20. viewing platform
7.dinning deck 21.hair/nail salon
8. ultra lounge 22.health food store
9.bar/cocktail 23.tea seating
10.listening lounge 24.tea store/gaming place
11.fitness 25. coffee shop
12.juicebar 26. café seating
13.group axcersice space 27.book event space
14. spinning room 28.book store

07 LINKED
HYBRID
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad
 SECTION THROUG SKY BRIDGE

Program given in sky bridge

Horizontal
and Vertical
circulation

08 LINKED
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad HYBRID
TAIPEI 101 OBJECTIVE: To study The Structural
Taipei City, Taiwan, 2004 concept implied for a high ride building
Architect: C.Y. Lee & partners
Client: Taipei Financial Center Corp
Building Footprint: 2500 m2
Gross Floor Area: 412.500 m2
Height: 508 m
Cost US$: 1.6 billion
Lifts: 61
Status: Constructed

Concept
CONCEPT OF THEARCHITECT

The unusual tower shape is an idea of the architect C.Y. Lee from
Taipei. He was inspired by local culture, the building reflects the
culture in which it functions. Lee was looking for balance between
local culture and internationalism. The tall building symbolizes
a broader understanding and anticipation of things to come:
we “climb” in order to “see further”. The building rises from the
ground like a bamboo, a symbol of everlasting strength in Chinese
culture. In the section, the shape of a pagoda is recognizable. EXTRA TEXT EXPLANATION
Taipe 101 Tower rises in 8 modules, a design based on the Chinese
lucky number “8”. In cultures that observe a seven-day week the The Taipei 101, formerly known as the Taipei World Financial Center, is a
number eight symbolizes a renewal of time (7+1). In cultures landmark skyscraper located in the Hsinyi Distric of the city, the rapid-
where seven is the lucky number, 8 represent 1 better than ‘lucky growing “Manhattan” of Taipei. This is the future center of financial
seven’. Each modue has 8 floors and flares wider t the top. There power in Taiwan. Taipei 101 is owned by the Taipei Financial Center
are 101 floors above the ground and 5 floors underground. Corporation (TFCC).

It ’s more challenging to design and build a super-tal building
in Taipei than any other location in the world because t yphoon
winds, large potential earthquakes and weak soil conditions all
need to be overcome. A damping system was implemented to
reduce the excessive lateral accelerations from wind.
In the time it was build, the height of the Taipei 101 was
recordbreaking, previously held by the Petronas Towers with
452 meters. It was the highest building in the world, build in an
area with t yphoons and earthquakes! The height of 101 floors
commemorates the renewal of time: the new century that arrived
as the tower was built (100+1) and all the new years that follow
Taipei 101 has one of the fastest ascending elevator speed with 1010
meters per minute, which is 16.83 m/s (60.6 km/h). These Toshiba
elevators are able to take visitors from the main floor to the observatory
on the 89th floor in under 39 seconds.
Taipei 101’s own roof and facade recycled water system meets 20-30
percent of the building’s water needs. Upgrades are currently under
way to make Taipei 101 “the world’s tallest green building” by LEED
IMAGES

(January 1 = 1-01). It symbolizes high ideals by going one better 1. Construction drawings
on 100, a traditional number of perfection. 2. Elevators overview
3. Taipei 101 as a landmark in the evening

EVOLUTIONARY ABOUT THE CONCEPT SOURCES

Wells, M. (2003) Wolkenkrabbers. Alphen a/d Rijn, Atrium Uitgeverij

A mega mass demper reduces the effect of wind. The pendulum
has a weight of 660.000 kilogram and is situated on the 88th floor.
It sways to offset movements in the building caused by strong
gusts. Its sphere, the largest damper sphere in the world, consists
of 41 circular steel plates. The structure has to be flexible enough
to resist an earthquake, and stiff enough to resist a typhoon. Eight
mega columns giving the stiffness to the building.
http://www.archinomy.com/case-studies/671/taipei-101-a-case-stud
http://www.architectureweek.com/2005/0330/building_2-2.html
http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/
http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/news_content.php?id=1147437&lang=eng_news
http://www.skyscraperpicture.com/taipei101.htm
http://www.taipei-101.com.tw/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Taipei_101#cite_note-etaiwannews.com-15east/10/17/taiwan.tower/

09 TAIPEI
101
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad
 SITE & SURROUNDINGS
In India Kohinoor In India Kanchanjunga In India, Aquaria In China, Linked In Taiwan, Taipei 101 is
Square is located in the is located in Pedder Grande is located Hybrid is located • A High-Rise Structure comes out
located in Taipei. It is in
heart of the city Dadar, Road of Greater Borivali, a suburb of Beijing. The site is of necessity. Specially in a
a dense urban
Greater Mumbai. Mumbai, The Island Mumbai. The site is surrounded by many booming economical center with
environment in CBD
site is in commercial city. Near the site to surrounded by a dense high rise colonies of growing population.
are of Taipei.
hub. Surrounded by the west is the Arabian Low-Rise residential same developer. It is • Most populous cities have most
Surrounded by world
various high end sea and the neigh areas hence its Tallest also adjacent to the old numbers of High rise structures
class urban
national and hood is surrounded by structure in the vicinity. cityIt has Good • It is seen that tallest high rise
infrastructure and high
international office and many high rise There are many parks connectivity the cities structures are found in the heart
rise buildings with a
luxurious apartments. structures influenced and schools as well express way. Hence of the city.
view to a near by
The famous Shivaji park by Kanchanjunga as it near to the site can attract a many • Or a new economic center of any
mountain.
is a 5 mins walk from the was the First High rise visitors in their city city
site. in the area within a city

Dadar is situated in the heart of mumbai, soil
is loamy and sandy, due to proximity to sea.
Similar to soil types in northwestern also
similar because of occurrence of basalt rock.
Malabar hills is situated in the heart of
mumbai, soil is loamy and sandy, due
to proximity to sea. Similar to soil types
in northwestern also similar because of
occurrence of basalt rock.
SOIL TYPE
Borivali is situated in the Suburb of • To Understand the type of soil of
mumbai, soil is loamy and sandy, due any site is important to develop a
to proximity to sea. Similar to soil types
in northwestern also similar because of
- - conceptual level structure
proposal for any high-rise
occurrence of basalt rock. structure.

The homes and Offices offer unrivalled
and unrestricted views of the Northern
Suburbs, South Mumbai, Eastern Port
and the Arabian Sea.
In Mumbai, a building has to be oriented
east-west to catch prevailing sea breezes
and to open up the best views of the city.
Unfortunately, these are also the
directions of the hot sun and the heavy
monsoon rains. The old bungalows solved
these problems by wrapping a protective
layer of verandas around the main living
areas, thus providing the occupants with
two lines of defence against the elements.
ORIENTATION
As said in Correas design n Mumbai, a
building has to be oriented east-west
to catch prevailing sea breezes and to
open up the best views of the city.
Hence the Site is designed in such a
way that the enclouser of the two tower
trap maximum winds from the west to
east
The Linked Hybrid is mainly based on
The Retail outlet of Taipei 101 are
User oriented planning as well as
located toward the south where as the
climatic.
Main entrance to the skyscraper is in
the shades toward the North-east side.
• If a high rise structure is oriented
studying is climatic conditions its
can greatly increase the natural
ventilation and light thus
reducing the load on HVAC
system and lighting system .
Thus making it energy efficient.
• Success of Vernacular approach
or passive sustainable
technology could be easily
enhanced by proper orientation

Arabian • The user and types of user and

Sea.
View
there circulation through a 3d
urban structure is a very
important aspect for orientation
of a MIXED-USE HIGH RISE
HABITAT.
City View.

CONCEPT
Plan form The tower has served as an icon of modern.
Design Concept: An iconic structure basically evolved Taiwan ever since its openingThe building • It important to design a building
drawing inspiration from the diamond. from the cross was architecturally created as a symbol of the which is relevant to the urban
ventilation evolution of technology and Asian tradition. fabric of the city it proudly soars
process through Its postmodernist approach to style incorporates the sky of.
the west to east traditional design elements and gives them
travelling winds modern treatments. • A resilient mixed use cluster
of Mumbai development can be an attempt
It was clear that the architect has Where balconies
reference to Lecorbusier’s crossover to solve any high density urban
units in Unit habitation in Marseilles in also gave an
space issues
1952. Correa planned the 3 and 4 artistic
bedroom units interlocking with 5 and 6 impression to the
bedroom units. 3-4 bedroom units
occupies on and half level, and 5-6
towers "open city within a city". The
project promotes interactive
bedroom units occupies two and half
PRATEEK
relations and encourages
levels. There are small level displacement encounters in the public
within the units to differenciate outdoor spaces that vary from
terrace and indoor living space, dining
SRIVASTAVA
commercial, residential, and
room and bedrooms and so on. These educational to recreational.

Vth Year B.ARCH

change of levels hide the living and bed The entire complex is a three-
dimensional urban space in
rooms from the heat of sun and rains, which buildings on the ground,
while the big opening of balcony could
MIT-Aurangabad
under the ground and over the
get as much day light as possible. ground are fused together.
 ZONNING-PARKING-FSI CONSUMED
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL AND
TOWERS
12M MAIN WIDE RESIDENTAL SPACES REST OF ENTERTAIMENT SPACES • An approach where different
ENTRY THE TOWERS
zones are infused in an
interlinked context of its urban
fabric.

• FSI consideration is an Important

RETAIL SPACE
RESIDENTAIL
OFFICES
Program: Mixed-Use
Plot Area: 18,615 sq.m
Floor Area: 50,000 sq.m
Height: 203 meters Main building,
142 meters Residence Building
Floor counts: 52 stories, 32 stories
Cost US$: 0.33 billion
Lifts: 28
Status: Under-Constructed
50000 SQ.M FOR OFFICES
132 RESIDENTIAL UNITS
PARKING-3500 IN 13 STORIES
PLOT AREA 4.8 ACRE
consideration for any high rise
proposal
PUBLIC
PARKING ENTRY
CLUB • Limiting the user to private
3 LEVEL OF PODIUM PRIVATE ENTRY spaces and allowing free roam in
PARKING BBELOW
GARDN its public spaces both spaces
9M SERVICE
WIDE ENTRY
segregated by different levels
Program: Residential Program: Mixed-Use can be effective to create a
Plot Area: 2900 sq.m Program: Residential Plot Area: 61.800 m2 mixed use environment
Program: Commercial
Building Footprint: 432 sq.m Plot Area: 13,680 sq.m Building Footprint: 15,500 sq.m
Building Footprint: 2500 m2
Floor Area: 5260 sq.m Gross Floor Area: 30,500 sq.m Gross Floor Area: 2,21,000 sq.m
Gross Floor Area: 412500 m2
Height: 84 m Height: 164 m , Two tower Height: 68 m
Height: 508 m
Floor counts: 28 stories Floor counts: 42 stories Floor counts: 21 stories
Floor counts: 101 stories
Lifts: 4 Lifts: 6 Lifts: 34
Cost US$: 1.6 billion
Status: Constructed Status: Constructed Status: Constructed
Lifts: 61
Status: Constructed
36 RESIDENTIAL UNITS 202 RESIDENTIAL UNITS LINKED HYBRID CONSISTS OF 644 APRT.
PARKING – PROVIDED IN LEVELS PARKING – 409 IN LEVELS PARKING – 1500 IN 3 LEVELS
FSI CONSUMED – 3.5 FSI CONSUMED – 2 FSI CONSUMED- 3.5

VERTICAL ZONING

• High rise structure can be zoned

vertically and the connectivity is
an important factor between any
two zones

• Service floors, lifts, shafts and

staircases are the most important
factor governing the daily
functionality of any high rise

LIGHT AND VENTILATION (Natural & Mechanical)

Mechanical
• 200 meter tall Kohinoor square has a well
designed HVAC system for its ventilation
purposes. As it’s a glass enveloped
structure the load of mechanical
ventilation is also high.
• The cooling towers are situated near
water tanks at some levels in the buildings
Natural Method
In Mumbai, a building has to be oriented east-
west to catch prevailing sea breezes and to
open up the best views of the city.
Unfortunately, these are also the directions of
the hot sun and the heavy monsoon rains. The
old bungalows solved these problems by
wrapping a protective layer of verandas around
the main living areas, thus providing the
occupants with two lines of defence against
the elements.
Natural Method
Plan form basically evolved from the
cross ventilation process through the
west to east travelling winds of
Mumbai
Where balconies also gave an
artistic impression to the towers
Green method
• Natural method of light and
Linked Hybrid’s ground source heat pump
ventilation solves these problems
system shoulders 70% of the complex’s yearly
at a residential level
heating and cooling load. The system consists
of 655 geothermal wells, 100 meters below the
• But at commercial level there is a
basement foundation. The underground wells
have taken the place of above-ground space need for mechanical ventilation
as there is a continues
normally needed for cooling towers,
requirement of larger floor space
increasing available green areas, minimizing
noise pollution and significantly reducing the to work collaboratively together.
CO2 emissions
• A green approach like in linked
created by
hybrid is a very innovative
traditional
heating/cooling approach to tackle this
methods. increasing load on the
mechanical system.

PRATEEK
SRIVASTAVA
Vth Year B.ARCH
MIT-Aurangabad
 SERVICE CORE
• The Central Core PRATEEK
is surrounded by
Central core consist of 4 Lifts each
SRIVASTAVA
the office spaces
and refuge areas • Lobby has 3 Passenger lifts Vth Year B.ARCH
MIT-Aurangabad
(at 24 meter of connecting all floors and 1 Fire
height) escape Lift
• There are • Core connects 2 units on envry
segregated office floor
space from 2nd to • It has one staircases and one Central core
24th floor with shaft • Central core is the heart of
toilets to each any skyscraper
office and a • It must be efficiently designed
common toilet s Central core consist of 3 Lifts each in terms of planning as well
also provided on • Each Lobby has 2 Passenger lifts as cost
all these floors. connecting all floors and 1 Fire • A core holds all the services
escape Lift of a skyscraper hence it
Central core consist of 24Lifts • Core connects 3 units on envry floor contains structural values as
• 3 Lobbies of 6 Lifts serving levels • It has two staircases and one shaft well
25th to 39th • The planning is such that there is
• Spaces between the lifts where a lift natural ventilation in the core
lobby is not provided are used as
toilets with dust at either side: 2 lifts
from this pack of 6 are assessable to
lower floors as well
• 1 lobby of 4 lifts serving levels 1st to
24th
• There is a lift bank at 24th floor .
• 2 services lifts travelling Throughout
AREA DISTRIBUTION
the building
• 2 Stair cases are also placed in the Kohinoor Square
core Hotel Office
Residential Retail
Parking Services
Recreational ground Central core
13% 3% 10% • Central core is the heart of
Taipei
Residential Tower 21% 26% • It connects all 101 floors
• Central core serves 3 lifts and 1 though a number of lifts
16%
services lifts • The Fastest lift is travelling at
• It connects 8 units on each floor a speed of 1010 m/ min.
11%
• It connects 6 on 17th floor which is • That is 16.7 m/s
refuge floor Residential Services Parking • Travelling though 364 m of
• UNITS- 2.5 bhk 3bhk 3.5 bhk height
• The downward speed is 10m/s
25%

15% 60%

Kanchanjunga Apt.
REFUGE AREAS
Refuge Floors Refuge floors • A refuge floor is very important for the
At 11th floor the first refuge floor is : 5th, 11th, 17th, safety of people living in a high rise
provided structure
23rd & 29th • In case of high-rise bldg. More than 30
DCR RULE m then first refuge floor shall be
In case of high-rise bldg. more than 30 provided at 24 m or first habitable
m then first refuge floor shall be SECTION SHOWING
floor whichever is higher. Thereafter
provided at 24 m or first habitable floor at every seventh habitable floor.
REFUGE FLOORS • Refuge floors
whichever is higher. Thereafter at every WHICH IS 4% AREA OF • Which is 4% area of the habitable zone
seventh habitable floor. THE HABITABLE ZONE above
ABOVE