INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA DEPARTAMENTAL PÍO

XII
Soy
Área: Humanidades Asignatura: calidad
INGLÉS Grado: 10° Guía 3
2020 Soy Pío
XII
ÁREA: ENGLISH TERM:

HOW CAN I USE – ING OR TO + INFINITIVE?

SENSE CONSTRUCTION

A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing." The gerund form of the verb "read" is "reading." You
can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.
An infinitive is the "to" form of the verb. The infinitive form of "learn" is "to learn." You can also use an
infinitive as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.
Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence. However, as
subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken English, whereas infinitives
sound more abstract. In the following sentences, gerunds sound more natural and would be more common
in everyday English. Infinitives emphasize the possibility or potential for something and sound more
philosophical. If this sounds confusing, just remember that 90% of the time, you will use a gerund as the
subject or complement of a sentence.
As the object of a sentence, it is more difficult to choose between a gerund or an infinitive. In such
situations, gerunds and infinitives are not normally interchangeable. Usually, the main verb in the sentence
determines whether you use a gerund or an infinitive.

ABILITIES TO DEVELOP: LISTENING – READING – WRITING –

SPEAKING KNOWLEDGE: GERUND AND INFINITIVE

RESOURCES: videos – workshop – activities – dictionary – books

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PaXNVF7W2Aw&t=218s - GERUND AND INFINITVE
2. SONG: Thank you for loving me – BON JOVI

STAGES OF LEARNING

STARTING POINT
It is very important for solving this work, to keep your verbs list and learn, pronounce and write 30 verbs,
you must to present to your teacher at the beginning of the first stage, to get your sign.

PERSONAL GOAL: Learn about the gerund and infinitive to improve my

pronunciation

DELIVERY STAGE PROJECTION (Hours):

STARTIN
INVESTIGATION SKILL DEVELOPMENT RELATION
G
POINT
Hours: Hours: Hours: Hours:
Delivery theme projection (hours):

1
 Read the SENSE OF CONSTRUCTION and understand when the gerund and infinitive is used, explain
what you learned to your teacher.

INVESTIGATION: Search and complete the charts putting the verbs into the right column.

VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUND

(-ING)
Arise Bite Cast Do Flee
Awake Bleed Catch Draw Fly
Bear Blow Choose Dream Find
Beat Cling Drink go
Break
become Breed Come Drive
Begin Bring Cost Eat
Bend Build Creep Fall
Bet Burn Cut Feed
Bid Burst Deal Feel
Bind Buy dig fight

VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVE

WITH TO
Clap Take Let Sleep Feel
Drink Tell Lie Tell hit
Draw Stick Lose Wake Inlay
Dwell Teach Make Wear
Pay Think Knit Write
Put Fight Have Zinc
Sell know Fly Wind
Sew Get Slay Spoil
Shake Give Shut Clap
put Hit speak cling

VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUND OR INFINITIVE (-

ING / TO)
Arise Dive
Buy Put
Dig Give
Flee Sell
Fly Clap
Find Draw
Go
SKILL DEVELOPMENT
Solve all the activities proposed in each annexed, to show, reinforce, and complement your knowledge
about the different topics.

ANNEXED 1 (page 3, 4, 5, 6)

READING AND WRITING: ANNEXED 2 (page 6, 7)

LISTENING: ANNEXED 3 (page 8). Listen to the song and complete it

RELATION: ENGLISH YEAR: Based on the complementary activity proposed in class for
encouraging and developing your English skills use, choose a monument, touristic or interesting
place, and make a didactic work to show and explain about it.
We are going to work by months: APRIL – UNITED STATES / MAY – CANADA
You will get an award every two guides, it means on guides 2, 4 and 6. The stage taken in account
for this is RELATION.

ANNEXED 1

1. Match the following verbs (column A) with their meanings (column B):

A B

1. to afford a. - to make smb do smth by giving them good reasons for doing it

2. to manage b. - to say that smth is not true

3. to postpone c. - to say that you will cause trouble, hurt smb if you don’t get what
you want
4. to avoid
d. - to agree, often unwillingly, that smth is true
5. to neglect
e. - not to do smth or fail to do smth
6. to deserve
f. - to have enough money or time to be able to do smth
7. to refuse
g. - to keep away from smb/smth; to try not to do smth
8. to threaten
h. - to succeed in doing smth
9. to beg
i. - to give smb support, inspire with the courage or confidence
10. to suggest
11. to admit j. - to try to do smth, especially smth difficult
12. to deny k. - to plan or organize smth
13. allow l. - to ask smb for smth that you want or need very much
14. to give up m. - to continue (moving)
15. can’t help n. - to put off or delay until a future time
16. to encourage o. - not to give enough attention to smth, to ignore smth
17. to attempt p. - to give an idea or plan for other people to think about
18. to omit q. - to stop doing smth
19. to feel like r. - behaved or because of what they are if smb smth, it is right that
20. to carry on they should have it, because of the way they have

s. - to permit, let
21. to persuade
t. - to want to do smth
22. to arrange
u. - to be unable to do anything else except

v. – to express determination not to do smth

2. Which of the verbs from ex. 1 are followed by the gerund, and which of them are followed by the infinitive
(with or without an object?)

Love, like, give, prefer, start, begin, continue, bother, remember, forger, pretend, try, stop, imagine
1) You’ve been working so hard for the whole month! I think you should relax now.

have
I really think that you deserve to have some rest, having worked so hard.

Don’t add all the sugar at the same time.

adding
avoid Adding all the sugar at the same time

Though she praised that new Chinese restaurant so much, we didn’t agree to go there with her.

couldn’t
Though she praised that new Chinese restaurant so much, she neglect couldntto go there with her.

He still says that he didn’t meet John yesterday.

meeting
He AFTERN’T MEETINGyesterday.

When I saw Mary’s funny twins, it was impossible for me not to smile.

help
I CAN’T HELP HELPwhen I saw Mary’s twins.

6) I really need a car now, but I don’t have enough money to buy it.

can’t
I really need a car, but REFUSE CAN’T it now.
7) Can I have some juice? I’m thirsty. 10) I tried to explain her the whole situation, but
like she just didn’t want to listen.
Can I have some juice? I _ADMIT LIKE smth.
listen
8) Ann had an idea to go to the cinema, but I I tried to explain her the whole situation, but
was in a bad mood, and decided not to go. DESERVE LISTEN __.

going 11) It’s my mother that inspired and

Ann ADMIT GOING , but I was motivated me to start playing the guitar.
in a bad mood, and decided not to go.
me
9) My mother will let me go and play football My mother ALLOW ME _ playing
only when I finish my homework. the guitar.

to 12) Megan decided to see a dentist not today,

My mother won’t ARRANGE TO but tomorrow.

_ I finish my homework. seeing

Megan _ SUGGEST SEEING tomorrow.
 3. Complete the sentences using the suitable verb and the suitable form (gerund or infinitive)
of the verbs in brackets:

1. Although I am almost sure that I saw him at the party, he denies/refuses being (to
be) there.

2. I can’t help/can’t stand GET (to get) stuck in a traffic jam, especially when I’m in a
hurry.

3. Though everybody knew she was guilty, she managed somehow to afford/avoid
BEING (to be) punished.

4. Just look at this house! It’s so expensive! We can’t allow/afford BUY (to buy) it.

5. In her essay she omitted/admitted MENTION (to mention) so many facts, that it seemed
incomplete.

6. I’m feeling ill; I think I’ll persuade/postpone MEET (to meet) with my friends.
.

ANNEXED 2

HAPPY NEW YEAR’S!

GERUND OR INFINITIVE?

For New Year’s people agree to make New Year’s resolutions. By making a resolution, we promise to do or
not to things during the New Year. Some people avoid making them. Some people like to make them so
they can have a fresh start as the year begins. Some people don’t like making them. They avoid making
promises that they will not keep. What do you think? When we begin making promises will they eventually
be broken? When we begin to make promises, is it the start of a good plan?

Here are some top New Year’s resolutions:

1. Start to spend more time with my family. 10. Look forward to being successful.
2. Stop smoking. 11. Put off retiring.
3. Try to save more money. 12. Finish reading at least 5 books.
4. Refuse to be negative. 13. Keep on working out.
5. Practice playing music. 14. Give up eating sugar and fat.
6. Enjoy living life. 15. Start playing the guitar.
7. Manage to organize my life. 16. Continue to make progress in English.
8. Offer more often to help my friends and 17. Continue watching films in English
family. 18. Learn to speak Chinese.
9. Agree to study more. 19. Expect to keep all resolutions.
 20. Decide to make an effort to lose weight. 21. Consider saving money for a house.

What words did you not understand?:

Write the definitions.

Questions:
Answer in complete sentences.
1. What tense are the resolutions written in and why?

THEY ARE WRITTEN IN THE FUTURE BECAUSE IT IS SOMETHING TO BE DONE IN THE NEXT YEAR

2. Circle all the gerunds (V-ing). What are they used for?
MARKING = V.PRINCIPAL SMOKING = SUSTANTIVO LIVING = ADJETIVO SAVINGS = DETERMINANTE.

3. Circle all the infinitives (to + V). What are they used for?
MAKE= ADJETIVO SPEND = SUJETO BE = CONJUNCION ORGANICE= ADJETIVO DO = SECUNDARIO

4. Write your new year’s resolutions

1 Finish my high school

2 Eat healthier and Do more exercise.
3 Save money and study law.
4 Make new friends.
5 Learn new skills and implement reading and writing habits.
6 Get a part-time job and to be able to help my family.
 ANNEXED 3

THANK YOU FOR LOVING(LOVE) ME BY BON JOVI

1. It's hard for me a) SAY (say) the things

I want b) TO SAY (say) sometimes.
There's no one here but you and me
And that broken old street light.
Lock the doors;
We’ll leave the World outside.
All I've got c) TO GIVE (give) to you
Are these five words when I
CHORUS:
Thank you for d) LOVING (love)
me, For e) BEING (be) my eyes
When I couldn't f) SEE (see),
For g) PARTING (part) my lips
When I couldn't h) BREATHE (breathe).
Thank you for i) LOVING (love) me.
Thank you for j) LOVING (love) me.

2. I never knew I had a dream

Until that dream was you.
When I look into your eyes,
The sky's a different blue.
Cross my heart,
I wear no disguise.
If I tried, you'd make believe
That you believed my lies.
Chorus: You pick me up when I fall down,
You ring the bell before they count me out.
If I was drowning, you would part the sea
And risk your own life k) TO RESCUE (rescue) me.
Solo
Lock the doors,
We'll leave the world outside.
All I've got l) _ TO GIVE (give) to you
Are these five words when I
Chorus:
Título del Tema FRE: HOW CAN I USE – ING OR TO + INFINITIVE?
Grado 10°
Ár HUMANIDADES Asignatur INGLÉS GUÍA N° 3-
ea a 2020
Estudiante
# Horas Habilidad a desarrollar
Fecha Fecha lograda
Proyectada Identificar y aplicar asertivamente el uso de
Inicio Cierre Inicio Cierre gerundio e infinitivo, en diferentes textos y tiempos
gramaticales

Punto D.
Conocimientos Etapa Investigació Relaci
de habilid
partida n ad ón
#
Horas
Verificación

GERUND Analista

AND
INFINITIVE

Acudien
te