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ENGINEERING MECHANICS
SECTION A
Attempt any five questions out of six.
Each question carriest 06 marks.

Soln. 1-
Free-body diagrams are diagrams used to show the relative
magnitude and direction of all forces acting upon an object in a
given situation. A free-body diagram is a special example of the
vector diagrams that were discussed in an earlier unit.

In equilibrium, the sum of total vertical, total horizontal forces = 0,

and movement of the body = 0
Soln. 6-
Soln. 9 -
Soln. 10 - (a)

(i) Consider a block placed on a rough floor. Now, the

reaction force is because it is equal and opposite to the weight .
Now apply a horizontal force so that the block just begins to slide,
i.e., the frictional force is equal to the limiting friction. When this
condition is satisfied, the angle which the resultant (between the
normal and external force) makes with the vertical is called the
angle of friction.

The tangent of the angle of friction is equal to the coefficient of

static friction.

(ii) It is powerfully simple, and gives us a direct relation between

net work and kinetic energy. Stated verbally, the equations says
that net work done by forces on a particle causes a change in the
kinetic energy of the particle.
(iii) D'Alembert's principle, also known as the
Lagrange–d'Alembert principle states that the sum of the
differences between the forces acting on a system of mass
particles and the time derivatives of the momenta of the system
itself along any virtual displacement consistent with the
constraints of the system, is zero. Thus, in symbols d'Alembert's
principle is written as following,

(iv) Radius of gyration or gyradius refers by distribution of the

components of an object around an axis. In terms of mass moment
of inertia, it is the perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to
a point mass (of mass, m) that gives an equivalent inertia to the
original object(s) (of mass, m).
Mathematically the radius of gyration is the root mean square
distance of the object's parts from either its center of mass or a
given axis, depending on the relevant application.
(b)