One Dimensional Motion

Exercise - 1
1. A car starts from rest, accelerates uniformly for 4 seconds 5. A particle is projected vertically upwards from the ground.
and then moves with uniform velocity. Which of the x-t It attains maximum height h in time t. What will be its
graphs represents the motion of the car - distance travelled in time 1.5 t -
3h 5h
(1) (2)
x x 2 4
(1) (2) 8h 9h
(3) (4)
5 7
t t
6. The velocity-time graph of a body moving along straight
line is shown in the figure. The slope of the line OA with
x x
time axis is m. Then distance covered by the particle in
(3) (4)
time T is -
t t
2. A graph of acceleration versus time of a particle starting U A
from rest at t = 0 is as shown in figure. The speed of the
v
particle at t = 14 second is (m/sec.)
a(in ms )

4
–2

2 12 O Time(sec) T
0
14
–2 4 10 t (in second) (1) m U2/2T (2) U2/2T
–4
(3) 2mU2 (4) U2/2m
(1) 2 ms–1 (2) 34 ms–1 7. A bullet losses 1/20th of its velocity in passing through a
(3) 20 ms–1 (4) 42 ms–1 plank. What is the least number of planks required to stop
3. A particle is thrown up vertically with a speed 'v1', in air. It the bullet -
takes time t1 in upward journey and t2(>t1) in the down- (1) 9
wards journey and returns to the starting point with a speed (2) 10
v2. Then (3) 11
(1) v1 = v2 (2) v1 < v2 (4) 12
(3) v1 > v2 (4) Data is insufficient 8. A particle starts from rest and covers a distance s with
4. Figure shows the displacement of a particle going along x- constant acceleration a. Then the particle covers distance
axis as a function of time. The acceleration of the particle 2s with constant speed. Finally the particle covers distance
is zero in the region - 3s with constant retardation and comes to rest. It always
displacement

travels in same direction. The maximum velocity attained

B C by the particle will be -
E
2a s
(1) (2)
A D s 2a
time
(a) AB (b) BC (c) CD (d) DE 1
(3) (4) 2as
2as
(1) a, b (2) a, c (3) b, d (4) c, d

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 One Dimensional Motion
9. In the above question, the time taken by the particle to 13. In the above question, the average velocity of the particle
cover first distance s will be - will be -

s 2s (1) 2as
(1) (2) 3
2a a 1
(2) 2as
5
2s 1
(3) (4)
a 2as 2
(3) 2as
10. In the above question, the time taken by the particle to 5

cover second distance 2s will be - 3

(4) 2as
5
s 2s
(1) (2) 3 14. In the above question, the ratio of average velocity to maxi-
2a a
mum velocity will be -
2s 1
(3) (4) 1 2
a 2as (1) (2)
5 5
11. In the above question, the retardation of particle will be -
3 4
(1) a/3 (2) –a/3 (3) (4)
5 5
(3) a/6 (4) –a/6 15. A wheel rolls on a horizontal surface. What is displacement
12. In the above question, the time of the particle in covering of the lowest point of wheel after completion of half rotation,
last distance 3s will be - radius of wheel is 1m -
s 2s (1) (2) 
(1) (2) 3 2  4
2a a
(3) 2 (4) 2  2
2s 1
(3) (4)
a 2as

ANSWER KEY
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 4 2 3 2 2 4 3 4 3 3 1 2 4 3 1

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 One Dimensional Motion
Exercise - 02 (Collection of Competitive Exam)
1. The displacement of x of a particle varies with time t as x = 6. A particle moving along x-axis has aceleration f, at time t,
ae –t t
+ be , where a, b,  and  are positive constants. FG tIJ
The velocity of the particle will [CBSE-PMT 2005]
given by f  f0 1 
H T K
, where f0 and T are constants. The

(1) be independent of  and  particle at t = 0 has zero velocity. Find out velocity of the
(2) drop to zero when  =  particle at the instant when f = 0. [CBSE-PMT 2007]
(3) go on decreasing with time 1
(1) f0 T 2 (2) f0T2
(4) go on increasing with time 2
2. A particle moves along a straight line OX. At a time t (in 1
(3) f0 T (4) f0T
seconds) the distance x (in minutes) of the particle from O 2
is given by x = 40 + 12 t – t3. How long would the particle 7. A particle starts its motion from rest under the action of a
travel before coming to rest - [CBSE-PMT 2005] constant force. If the distance covered in first 10 seconds
(1) 40 m is S1 and that covered in the first 20 seconds is S2, then:
(2) 56 m [CBSE-PMT 2009]
(3) 16 m (1) S2 = 3S1 (2) S2 = 4S1
(4) 24 m (3) S2 = S1 (4) S2 = 2S1
3. Two bodies, A (of mass 1 kg) and B (of mass 3 kg), are 8. A bus is moving with a speed of 10 ms–1 on a straight road.
dropped from heights of 16m and 25m, respectively. The A scooterist wishes to overtake the bus in 100 s. If the bus
ratio of the time taken by them to reach the ground is is at a distance of 1 km from the scooterist, with what
[CBSE-PMT 2006] speed should the scooterist chase the bus?
(1) 12/5 (2) 5/12 [CBSE-PMT 2009]
–1
(3) 4/5 (4) 5/4 (1) 40 ms (2) 25 ms–1

4. The position x of a particle with respect to time t along x- (3) 10 ms–1 (4) 20 ms–1

axis is given by x = 9t2 – t3 where x is in meters and t in 9. A particle moves a distance x in time t according to equation
seconds. What will be the position of this particle when it x = (t + 5)–1. The acceleration of particle is proportional
achieves maximum speed along the +ve x direction? to- [CBSE PMT 2010]
[CBSE-PMT 2007] (1) (velocity)2/3
(1) 54 m (2) (velocity)3/2
(2) 81 m (3) (distance)2
(3) 24 m
(4) (distance)–2
(4) 32 m
10. A boy standing at the top of a tower of 20 m height drops
5. A car moves from X to Y with a uniform speed vu and
a stone. Assuming g = 10 ms–2, the velocity with which it
returns to Y with a uniform speed vd. The average speed
hits the ground is [Pre-AIPMT 2011]
for this round trip is [CBSE-PMT 2007]
(1) 5.0 m/s
v d vu
(1) vuv d (2) v  v (2) 10.0 m/s
d u
(3) 20.0 m/s
vu  vd 2v d v u
(3) (4) v  v (4) 40.0 m/s
2 d u

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 One Dimensional Motion
11. A body is moving with velocity 30 m/s towards east. After 15. A particle is moving such that its position coordinate (x, y)
10 seconds its velocity becomes 40 m/s towards north.
are [AIPMT-2014]
The average acceleration of the body is -

[Pre-AIPMT 2011] (2m, 3m) at time t = 0

(1) 5 m/s2 (2) 1 m/s2 (6m, 7m) at time t = 2 s and

(3) 7 m/s2 (4) 7 m/s

2
(13m, 14m) at time t = 5 s

12. A particle covers half of its total distance with speed v1 and Average velocity vector Vav from t = 0 to t = 5 s is -
the rest half distance with speed v2. Its average speed
during the complete journey is- [AIPMT-Mains 2011] (1)
1
5
e
13 i  14 j j
v1 v 2
(1) v  v
1 2
(2)
3
e j
7  
ij

2 v1 v 2 e j
 
(3) 2 i  j
(2) v  v
1 2
(4)
11  
5
ije j
2v12 v22
(3) 2
v1  v22 16. A particle of unit mass undergoes one-dimensional motion
such that its velocity varies according to
v1  v 2
(4)
2 bg
v x  x 2n

13. The motion of a particle along a straight line is described Where  and n are constants and x is the position of the
by equation : particle, The acceleration of the particle as a function of x,
3
x = 8 + 12 t – t
is given by: [AIPMT-2015]
where x is in metre and t in second. The retardation of the
(1) 22 x 2n1
particle when its velocity becomes zero, is -
(2) 2n2 x 4n1
[AIPMT-Pre 2012]
(3) 2n2 x 2n1
(1) 24 ms–2 (2) zero
(4) 2n2 x 4n1
(3) 6 ms–2 (4) 12 ms–2
17. A ship A is moving Westwards with a speed of 10 km h–1
14. A stone is dropped then in first five seconds it falls h1 , in
next five seconds it falls h2 and in next five seconds it falls and a ship B 100 km south of A, is moving Northwards with
h3, then relation between h1, h2 and h3 will be - a speed of 10 km h–1. The time after which the distance
[NEET(UG)-2013] between them becomes shortest is - [AIPMT-2015]
(1) h1 = h2 = h3
(1) 5 2 h
(2) h1 = 2h2 = 3h3
(2) 10 2 h
h2 h 3
(3) h1  
3 5 (3) 0 h
(4) h1 = 5h2 = h3
(4) 5 h

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 One Dimensional Motion
18. If the velocity of a particle is v = At + Bt2, where A and B 20. The speed of a swimmer in still water is 20 m/s. The speed
are constants, then the distance travelled by it between 1s
of river water is 10 m/s and is flowing due east. If he is
and 2s is - [NEET(UG)-2016]
standing on the south bank and wishes to cross the river
3
(1) A + B (2) 3A + 7B along the shortest path, the angle at which he should make
2
his strokes w.r.t. north is given by - [NEET-2019]
3 7 A B
(3) A + B (4)  o
2 3 2 3 (1) 45 west
19. Preeti reached the metro station and found that the o
(2) 30 west
escalator was not working. She walked up the stationary o
(3) 0
excalator in time t1. One other days, if she remains
o
stationary on the moving escalator, then the escalator takes (4) 60 west
her up in time t2. The time taken by her to walk up on the
moving escalator will be - [NEET-2017]

t1  t 2 t1t 2
(1) (2) t  t
2 2 1

t1t 2
(3) t  t (4) t1 – t2
2 1

ANSWER KEY
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 4 3 3 1 4 3 2 4 2 3 1 2 4 3 4 4 4 3 3 2

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