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The Islamic Golden Age of Science for Today's
Knowledge Based Society: the Ibn Al-Haytham example.

14 - 15 september 2015 Paris

Inaugural session with Flavia Schegel - Assistant Director-General for Natural Sciences UNESCO

Welcome speech for International Year Of Light and the conference.

Also it is 70th anniversary of UNESCO.

Mme Irina Bokova Director UNESCO

Welcome speech for the delegates and Ambassadors, celebrating the light and research about
technologies. Since the beginning humanity have been fascinated by the power of light. April
2015 Was the first celebration of Ibn Al-Haytham that brought new methods for research and
great humanist. It is important to enlight the importance of progress in optics and study of each
specific behaviour of light. Also knowledge sharing should enhance culture exchanges and
understanding. Energy and light enable changes in daily life of the people. The heart of the
Sustainable Development is the better living condition on earth.

John Dudley President of Steering Committee YL2015

Thanks to participants of International Year of Light. Dozens of people have shared knowledge
and experience through NGO's and individual experience. Lunar eclipse will be an event during
coming year. More than any moment in history it is know important to enlight the progess in
methods and technologies in term of light. Studying history of Light enables us to have new
challenges and wishes for Development.

HE Mr Mohamed Amr Ambassador, Executive Board of UNESCO

Greetings to organisors and participants. It is an oportunity to present the World what progress
have been made during great times of Islamic Civilization while some groups are using Islam in
wrong actions. If you travel from Europe to China you will see advances in technologies
worldwide. Sustainability is based on innovation and technologies progress. It will be the subject
at International meeting in New York United Nation session this year. It is possible to build a
world of understanding and peacefull life.

HE Mr Ziad Aldrees
Ambassador and Permanent Delegate of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to UNESCO

Greetings to participants. The first draft of discoveries about light did not mentionned the Islamic
participation in that matter. After discussion with the board it was possible to include tecnology
progress made during Islamic golden age. Haytham scientific book is said to be the first work
about light and optics. Cameras, televisions and light we are using actually have been created
thanks to old research on light. Our planet was never in total darkness even if some groups are
using Islam in bad purposes. Islamic civilization is different in languages and culture but we
share the same wishes of Peace, Dialogue and Development.
HE Sheikh Faisal bin Qasim Al-Thani
Founder of and Chairman off the Al Faisal Without Borders Foundation

As a founder of the organisation Sheik Faisal is happy to participate on this important meetig in
Paris. Ibn Al-Haytham have set the base of research on light. The Foundation is dedicated to help
young researchers and creators to develop technology and education.

Video broadcasting about Qatar National Library.

It shows the rich material preserved in the library and the whish to share the content with
scolars. Original documents of Ibn Al-Haytham are displayed in the Library. There are documents
about Arab scientists that have been collected by other libraries.

Session 1 History guiding the future, example of Ibn Al-Haytam with Maciej Nalecz,
Director of the Division of Science Policy and Capacity Building.

We move know to more scientific part of the conference. The next speaker will explain the real
story of Ibn al-Haytham contribution in Sciences.

Roshdl Rashed Ibn-Haytham Scientific Program CNRS. France

Thank to UNESCO for organising this meeting that is celebrating the mathematic and scientific
contribution of Ibn Al-Haytham. Physical, Physiological and scientific contibutions were mainly
coming from forgetting traditional knowledge on Sciences. Some historians on optics consider
than european researchers were mainly explaining vision but Ibn Al-Haythman was thinking this
group was wrong. The contemporainous scientist like Ptoleme had not the same explaination of
science of light. Mathematics started to be used to understand and explain physics and optics.
This time was intense research in Astronomy and Optics. He wrote the double more Astronomy
books that Optics. The work is global on scientific matter. Mathematic is used as a tool in
different disciplines as well as Mathematic for itself.
Research was translated from greek as there were a lot of books available. Mirors were studied
as reflectors and refraction properties. Curves were studied as hyperbolas and conical with both
convex and concave mirors. Heat theory was also brought to study field. Ibn Al-Haytham began
probably is career in Bagdad. Philosofical, Medical and other books were translated into Latin. In
this period all Doctors were thinking the eye was the source of light and enabeling the vision.
Propagation of light was studied and it was concerning the properties of materials and medium.
Optics then started to change because of new knowledge about propagation, reflection and
reFraction on materials. Band of lights was also discovered with properties that does not disturb
rays while some lights can be disturbed by the atmosphere. Visual rays and visible objects were
not considered as total source of vision but only a part of it.
Opaque medium and transparancy was studied by Ibn Al-Haytham and he considered the light
being independant from vision, propagating to all direction and not liked to the eye. It then
changed the theory on vision and specifications of eye. Mirors were studied to define the
incidence point and behaviour of rays that are sent toward the miror. Spherical aberation was
discovered by Ibn Al-Haytham while studying behaviour of light on reflection. He considered
studying light behaviour depending to diameter of the object and spherical lense. He also
considered that study of sight, vision and light must be separated instead of being on subject of
science only.
Mohamad Mrayati
Major intiatives to revitalize S&T for Development in the Arab World. UNDESA. Syria

The cryptography example in Arab civilization. 15 old manuscripts were discovered and published
in six volumes. There were supposed to be lost but finally also translated in english. David Kahn
declared that cryptology was born among the arabs. They were the first to discover and write
down the methods of cryptanalysis.
The Islamic Golden Age is the period when many scientists were working on various fields like
administration, cryptography, mathematic etc...

Al-Kindy book of cryptology is a must read for anyone who is working in this field. The book was
discovered in the Library of Istanbul Mosk.

In order to foster development in the Arab world there is a need of creating links between
knowledge and profit making structures. There is not enough research and development
structures in the Arab world, wich is the opposite of Korean example. A new scheme of
knowledge linked to economic and society is needed. The goal is to improve the use of
knowledge and to get the experience return from Business world. Money and language should be
managed with consideration of language hability to create wealth in the Arab world.
Revitalization of knowledge in the MENA region would be a great way to improve Peace process
and return of Golden Age of Science.

Josef Van Ess Light and Vision before Ibn-Al-Haytham.

The perspective of early Islamic Theology. University of Tübingen Germany

The creation of light is celebrated in God's work. Light is then a demonstration of power of
creation. Light as 'Force de frappe' was used in Hiroshima. Man can also use light for peacefull
world. Theology have not developed in rational way.

Gihan Kamel SESAME: the first synchrontron Light-Source in the Middle East. Egypt

Light sources: natural and artificial as well as other like tissues, cells. Structure is the base with
interations, properties and functions. Synchrotron facility is enabling the research in various
fields. Cleaner and fast charging batteries are one of the projects. Research for stopping pain and
virus scanning could reveal it's caracteristics. Cancer screening is possible with computed
tomography. For Alzheimer's proteins it is more difficult because it is changing all the time.
Malaria is also on the research agenda. There is no light source like SESAME in MENA region. The
project started in 97 with presentation of concept. SESAME is intergovernmental project to
support young scientists. 11 accepted projects for the SESAME facilities. Capital funding is still to
be stabilized and Jordan members are still difficult to meet actually.

Session 2 Light-based technologies for the future with John Dudley Steering Comittee

Harry Verhaar The relevance of LED lightning for sustainable development Philips Lightning.
Netherlands

Look into for future for lightning. 19% of energy is used for lightning. Efficiency will reduce
budget deficits and costs for communities and individuals. The growth for lightning will incease
70%. There are fast progresses on products like bulbs. Within 3 Generations the change in light
technologies is tremendous because our grand fathers had the first bulbs and our children will
mostly all use LED technology. Also energy providers are using new systems. LED power as
increase during that last ten years and know reach 200 watt. Legislation about stopping
incandescent lamps is supposed to end with this technology within 2016. Country assesment is
available and will encourage governments to join the program. UN SE4All partnership is
encouraging countries to make progress in that matter. Lightning is maximizing daily life
experience. To command your light you can even talk to the bulb and it will modify the color and
brightness. In the case of schools they have so low budget tat they install the worst energy
systems. Connected light for bridges will increase beauty, tourism and energy saving. Also in
offices there will be more zero energy buildings and no need to work more hours. Example of
sport places using LED lightning will increase event experience. Dubai, Ryahd, Bosphorus bridge
in Turkey are now using LED. Phillps is supporting communities with specific projects. It is then
possible to increase energy efficiency and improve daily life in our communities.

Eugene Arthurs The global impact of photonics SPIE. USA

SPIE is a non profit working for photonics and Optics. It is promoting scince with 5 M USS in
2015 for almost all sectors of life. A book to read 'Optics for technicians'. Exhibition in San
Francisco reached 20000 visitors. Lasers itself enable 7 billions of economic activity. The real
economy activity is three times more because you have to count installation, facilities and
maintenance. For example micro SD card is now build with 14 nm technology and much faster
than 10 years old litography with 90 nm. Display and solar devices are the largest production in
photonics. Asian countries dominate the production. Knowledge generation is the main user of
the technology with Hubble, optical instruments like lasers, X Ray, Synchrotron. Photonic
Economy is drawn by 10 Millions of companies with Japan as big player with the higher revenue
by employee. Photonic devices like telephones are using a large photonic network built around
the world called internet. Photonics is revolutionizing our world within a large range of products
and usage.

Osman Benchikh Renewable energy: challenges and perspective UNESCO Headquarters

Ensuring access to affordable, relaible, sustainable and modern energy for all is the 7th goal of
development challenge. Energy is the critical issue because it is corelated to human development
indicator. UN Summit should succeed to integrate energy development program worldwide. Solar
energy ressources is a high value for Africa because it has a great potential. The industrial
revolution was happening thank to large use of energy. We need to change the energy
paradygm.
Energy production is ready and storage is actually a challenge as well as transportation toward
consumers. The development of new technologies would help. The poorest communties should
benefit from technology and development projects for energy. Modern and post Modern
technologies would help to reduce environmental cost even if the investment as higher cost.
More than 2.4 Million jobs will be created in Africa for energy projects as well as India with 2.8
Million employees. It is easier in developed countries to shift to newtechnologies.
Session 3: Education and Investment in Science & Technology with Osman Benchikh
"Innovation and capacity Building in the Science and Engineering"

AbdulAziz Alswallem Scientific Translation: A tool from shadow to light KACST. Saudi Arabia

Translation is a important input for the next generation. There are peaks of activity of translation
that Ibn Al-Haytham participated to by working on greek books. From translation the document
will produce comments, criticism and corrections. Innovation will emerge from the cycle. There is
a language gap between regions because each community have his own directory of information.
The effect of transfert between generation is based on translation made by leaders. Lessons are
taken from experience of a lot of technology transfert. Terminology have to be created when
missing, as well as search engines and knowledge base. Clusters of technologies are well known
because we can scan the production of goods. A wide range of products is available with
technology knowledge linked to it. Innovation cycle create new applications and industry produce
the devices. Getting The right information at the right time and the right language is the goal.
700000 terminology items are now listed in BASM for easy and accurate research. Publishing rank
35 for Saudi Arabia with growing citation rate. Several projects are now on going for
development of photonic and Solar technologies among other. Recommandations are leading to
better transfert of knowledge.

Rolf Landua CERN and SESAME - beacons of light for Education. CERN

The fundation of CERN 1952 was a collaboration for Peace. 50 years latter the famous Higgs
Boson was put to light and help to understand the creation of universe. 38 different countries are
involved in the CERN with 11590 from 102 countries. 112000 visitors per year come to CERN with
some or no scientific knowledge. Schools and teachers are linked to education and that is why it
is important to enhance knowledge transfert from teacher to thousand of pupils. Fundamental
research like Dark Matter, Big Bang, Antimatter, Darkenergy are also to be explained to teachers
and students. The SESAME helps to bring the people together from MENA region. This light
source is the tool for understanding many scientific challenges.

Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan
Active learning, High Technology and STEM Education University of Waterloo. CANADA

Questioning the truth and using technologies for education.

Philosophy. You are supposed to question scientific authority in order to create opportunity of
finding new solution, otherwise you just repeat previous experiences. Active learning is much
more efficient than observation or passive learning. It is important for remembering knowledge
to create and experiment things for real. STEM and technology should help to create interactions
and build effect, not only illusion. Mobile learning is also an active way of learning because you
can search for knowledge, write down and share results. In India the governement produce
AKASH tablets and spread it among the student community every year. ALOP project is based on
several modules linked to optical experiences.
Session 5: History of optics 1 With Azzedine Boudrioua Al-Haytham working group

Michel Paty Des raisons de la lumière aux lumières de la raison. CNRS France.

Remarques sur la raison et le rationel. Avec également Einstein. La métaphore de la lumière est
utilisée dans toutes les cultures. Le développement de la science de la lumière influence toutes
les cultures. De nombreuses recherches montrent des élargissements culturels à partir
d'avancées scientifiques. Ibn Al-Haytham mène un travail expérimental et théorique. C'est lui qui
pose le caractère physique de la lumière plutot que l'émission par l'oeil. Il définit la propagation
rectiligne de la lumière. Il analyse les conditions physiques de diffusion de la lumière. La lumière
n'est plus un rayon visuel, mais une propagation de l'objet vers l'oeil. Réflexion et réfraction sont
évoquées. Le rayon de la lumière est étudié par sa géométrie dans des expériences physiques.
L'optique géométrique est considérée comme un principe mécanique étudié par analogies aux
chocs, déplacements et interférences. L'objet est étudié en tant que tel, de façon indépendante
de l'homme. Une forme nouvelle de relationnalité se fait jour. Il y a un héritage intellectuel des
prédécesseurs de Ibn Al-Haytham qui se transmet par son travail scientifique. Passage à la
Philosophie de Descartes avec "l'éclairage de la raison" et les notions qui s'y rapportent. Au siècle
des Lumières sont associées les idées novatrices et libératrices de la Pensée. Les deux
contributions d'Eisntein: Relativité restreinte et Mécanique cantique. La lumière est donc conçue
physiquement. Les théories semi-empiriques de Laurenz et Poincarré sont améliorées. Les études
sont ainsi menées indépendament des corps par la théorie. La géométrie d'espace temps est
introduite. La théorie de Maxwell sur la lumière est également comtemporaine de ces recherches.
La cosmologie relativiste complète ensuite ces notions. La nature physique de la lumière
comporte des discontinuités du fait de l'absorbtion
par les corps physiques. Les limitations et caractéristiques de la Lumière demandent des
réflexions hors des perceptions humaines, et requièrent des théories indépendantes des
constatations empiriques. Einstein revendique l'indépendance des recherches sur les seules
possibilités de l'observation. Des concepts sont établit afin qu'ils soient étudiés en tant que
grandeurs physiques. Il s'agit de travailler pour réduire l'inconnu.

Paul Pietquin
Translation and studies of Ibn Al-Haytham optics in Latin University of Liege Belgium

1572 Opticae thesaurus is a major translation from arabic. The difficulty of translation from
arabic is the missing letters or words. For example the translation of "angle of refraction" and
"incidence". Reflexio word stand for the reflexion and refraction meanings. Conversio and
Obliquatio notions. The same word reflexio is used for both notions even if the translated text
use it in the same sentence. The difference between fractio and reflexio is explained with latin
base terminology. refractio, obliquatio, reflexionis, conversione, refractionis, flexio and reverbatio
are studied in Paul Pietquin research. (re)fraxio is then in discussion because it should not be
used for refraction meaning but re should be used only in reflexion phenomenom. "bending"
reports to reflexion today but is not in arabic original meaning. Probably it is coming from arabic
proximity of writing the term. Light was also studied by Euclidis opera omnia work. Roger Bacon
worked on "De multiplicatione specierum".
Translation from a culture to another is not only a question of words. The construction of work
can avoid ambiguity by developping a constent work on use of terms.
Pierre Coullet The famous problem of Ibn Al-Haytham CNRS France

You can learn history of signs by looking at old geometrical notions. Starting by a small exhibit
covering helenistic period for school. Example of miror for demonstration to young pupils as
mathematical teacher can explain phenomenom. Multiplication of image and aberation on image
has been studied by Ibn Al-Haytham. Also the multiple images of the sun on the sea is linked to
research. Painting of Monet with reflexion of sun and deep sea lightning on technical equipment.
Bifurcation of object reflexion happens inside a circular miror. There are 4 solutions and always
an image can be seen even if one is hidden.

Vincenzo De Risi Ibn Al-Haytham and the history of parallel postulate. Max Planck Institute

Ibn Al-Hayhtam are mainly comments on Euclide's work. Also he wrote fundamental of geometry.
He wanted to prove the parallel postulate. It is important to study the revolutionary notion. Even
before Euclid there were attemps to prove the parallel postulate.
Imagined object can be considered as perfect because they are not corrupted by reality. They
have better caracteristics because of this fact. The study of parallel postulate is to define how to
generate parallel lines with mathematics. The notion of similarity of lines is part of the
demonstration for some scientists. Ibn Al-Haytham work have been discussed by following
scientists like Libniz even in non published writtings. Even curves can be considered parallels
when generated by movement of similar segment following a curve.

J.V. Field Perspectiva et perspective à la renaissance

Renaissance has meaning of paintings and there are demonstrations of perspective in Art works.
According to computing program the 15th century painting Piero De La Francesca is perfect for
perspective reality. It is designed by mathematics application. Arabic connection with
Renaissance have been studied recently and it shows some notions come from Ibn Al-Haytham.
Painters are working in 2 Dimensions where everything is flat but illusion is created by the Artist.
Royal Art Academy of Paris was searching for a book for teaching construction of perspective.
When the studies on glass and reflexion where done there was no perfectly transparent glass
available but it was only created
in the 15th century. Kepler did not have perfectly clear glass. When an object can be projected
from mind creation it will be called Painting while it exist on paper or other material.
Dioptrice book from Kepler was an attemps to work on telescope but he did not have perfect
glass on disposal. Good glass was only available in Venice and was called Cristal. Working on
focus notion he explained that it should exist on both side of mirrors if lines are parallels. Also in
3 Dimensions studies are possible through the intersection of a cone with a flat surface. He
created a ratio on line for Involution notion and considere a row of points to be an Harmonic row
is they remain at equivalent distance when projected.
The book published by Descartes published in 1537 was an interference to this work of Involution
Published in 1939.
Laurent de la Hyre draw a painting La Geometry 1645.
Session 6: History of optics 2 with Vaseduvan Lakshminarayanan University of
Waterloo

Hassan Tahiri Ibn Al-Haytham: Founder of the scientific pluralism Portugal

Histoire des Sciences et développement historique. Il n'existe pas aujourd'hui d'ouvrage complet
sur l'Astronomie du fait de nombreuses lacunes. Cette discipline a contribué aux changements
scientifiques. Les historiens considèrent que les changements de théories scientifiques sont les
plus difficiles. Les recherches scientifiques non Ptoleméènnes sont initiées par Ibn Al-Heytham.
Les chercheurs arabes ont touours cherché à toucher et à voir ce que leurs équivalents grecs ont
conçu intellectuellement. Il existe des influences contradictoires dans les recherches et la liberté
de recherche est une notion essentielle pour la découverte d'un nouveau système astronomique.
Ibn Al-Haytham sait réfuter le système astronomique selon Ptolémé et il démontrera que ce
concept est absurde. Une démonstration que les corps célestes ne peuvent être mu par une force
interne est ainsi développée et elle tend à prouver que c'est une influence externe qui provoque
les déplacements. La configuration de l'espace et des corps célestes est systématique et correcte,
ce qui contredit les théorie de Ptolémé.

Razaullah Ansari The scientific Method of Ibn Al-Haytham India

Scientific method is present through the history from Galileo and predecessors. Some rules for
lights were defined but demonstrations like proving the moon have is own source of light is also
mentionned. Knowing the truth is the way of analysing scientific books.

Mohamed Baghdadi A brief story of light University Rabbat Morocco.

For Ibn Al-Haytham light is made of small balls. Each scientist have is own theory of what is light
and how it is displaying rays. Equations were used to calculate direction of sun rays depending to
material to reflect. Quantum theories are connected to eliptical movement study. Specific places
of space which are modified by interaction are called fields. We have to combine mathematics
and physics to study Science as said Ibn Al-Haytham.

Mohamed El-Gomati
Modern electron optics and the search for more light: the legacy of Ibn Al-Haytham Foundation
of Science UK

There is a foundation of our modern technologies in ancient scentific works. All life was
developped by light over millions of years ago. Sunlight is good for health as it is creating 90% of
Vitamins and food 10%. LED is producing blue light that is stimulating ganglion receptors from
morning to night. UV light also helps to purify water. LED light is used at 20% in the world. Light
Emitting Diode are different from Electronic light from phones. The elements moving inside PN
junction are producing the form of light emitted by LED. It has different component for white
light and each color needs its element. LED is far hundred times more resistant to usage.
The road to higher definition is reducing chromatic aberation due to spherical lenses. Even Ibn
Al-Haytham was descibing this aberation has a difference of focus of colors and light. Better
definition of nm technology for silicium circuits is also linked to better control of spherical
aberation. Low energy analitical microscope is based on reflection of electrons on a surface and
then mutiplied when bouncing back inside the chanel that leads to reception surface. Even
Hubble telescope had to be corrected in aberation matter because it previously gave incorrect
image.

Sameen Ahmed Khan Medieval Arab Achievements in Optics College Of Arts and Applied
Sciences Dhofar University Oman.

Light and vision have always fascinated civilization. Lenses have been used worlwide and light is
essential for life. At the decline of greek civilization the Arabic science have come to light.
Translation into arabic was done to scientists themselves then it could help to save the greek
heritage and create cristicism and progress and technology. It was the time of great changes due
to improvements and comments on translations. Ibn Al-Haytham belongs to the list of translators
and also the area preceding him have influence
in History of Science. Ibn Sahl's book Burning Instruments 984 CE formulated the Law of
reflexion. He was teacher of Ibn Al-Haytham who wrote 96 manuscripts, half mathematics and
quarter of astronomy. Pinhole camera, double refraction, dispersion of light and description of ray
of light carateristics come from his work. The ray of light directed to a small hole will find and use
the shorter and easier path.
Now the Golden Age of Arabic science have been recognise and there is a need for reflexion on
the decline of Science in Arab World. The number of scientists is lower in arab world than Asia
(with arabic states of Asia seperated from Asia).
There is a need for international Arab states research center.
A book to read by speaker was published July 2015.

Charles Falco
Al Haytham influence on the optics and culture of Medieval Europe USA
Condensed Matter Physics

Prior to Al Haytham there were several theories like our eyes are sending a ray outside. Also
extra-intra emission fo reception of images. We actually know that light is reflected on onjects
and sent to your eyes. The object is focused upside down inside the eye, but previously the idea
was that cristalin get the image first. Alazhen was also influencing science at the time of Ibn Al-
Haytham. Optical perspective is possible through miror with direct light and reproduction is
actually made by painter.
Medieval christian theology with Martin Luther started with reformation. The vision is classified by
sensitive or intellectual perception. The reflexion about God's image projection through the 'ostie'
was a way to explain ubiquity. In the "Roman de la Rose" four pages are discussing about optics.
Ibn Al-Haytham has influenced Art and the perspective reflexion have been used through
centuries by painters. We could imagine they have been drawing by hand but they were using
mirors to get exact lines. In recent scientific books the arab famous persons are not listed but
agregated in common chapters. Then a lot have to be done for enlighting the work of arab
scientits.
Nouredine Melikechi Ibn Al-Haytham's: From Basra, earth to the gale crater, Mars NASA

Ibn Al-Haytham described the seeker of truth the person who use arguments and demonstration
as a method. He examined the optic caracteristics of reflexion. Optical design is used for
detection of gases in the atmosphere. Bio-photonics helps for cancer detection. Stereo vison on
camera is possible after mathematics explained the formula. Laser induced break down
spectroscopy is use to analyse and classify rocks in space. Elements of life might be discovered
on other planet thanks to these technology. ChemCam spectrometer cameras are able to analyse
smokes after laser beam hit the rock. Light is then analised when going out from cold plasma
emitted rays. Ibn Al-Haytham showed the light losses its intensity as it propagates. He suggested
that the close packing of surface material is conditionning the reflexion of light. For the next
mission the color spectrometer will help to make better analisis. Einstein declared is was not
nearer to understand light quantum than predecssors. Questions are the base of evolution of
Science, then arab world may ask himself if it is still possible to think freely.

Bahaa Saleh
Stretching the limits of optics & imaging: science and technology challenges College of Optics
and Photonics at University of central Florida USA

Magnificent men and women have contributed to the evolution of sciences. The laser that was
invented in 1915 by Charles Townes could be interesting to IBN Al-Haytham. What are today's
challenges? Light to transfert energy and light to transfert information. Reading, Writing,
Communicating wich is Reading/Sending/Writing information. It is know possible to make the
light move around an object and go around like if the object is invisible. Also the management of
light as speed, energy, power and frequency is possible. It is now possible to create shorter
flashes of light. Also faster frequencies helps to increase technologies as long as some diciplines
are progressing. Space of action is becoming smaller and smaller. Localization is possible in 3D at
very small scale. Light can be used for witing, reading and erasing data. Negative index material
are discovered by John Pendry wich have reverse refraction and focus light instead of diffracting
it. Beams can be shapped as vortexes, airy beam that follow atmosphere, no diffracting beams
and focused beams. Photonic crystal, plasmonic materials and devices are actually developped.
Some material can stop light as it passing through instead of only slowing down the beam.
Electronic is not as fast as light is but it is small, then making small optical devices with fast
response will be a new revolution. Optical devices are still large. Pre laser optics technology was
the first step and then more things came. Non linear optics and nano material are the following
steps reached after 55 years of research.

Majed Chergui
Atomic-scale time with new light sources Ecole Polytecnic of Lausanne EPFL Switzerland

Francis Crick said "if you want to understand function, study structure".
Inventor of Image gun was french Etienne-Jules Marrey 1882 and he could shoot very good
motion of movement. Now you need to consider what type of movement you want to capture
and then determine which technology and speed ou need to do it. Attoseconds is 10-18 S and
you can observe the smallest movement of electron emission. Optical domain spectroscopy is not
precise enough to study atoms. Shorter X rays are used for atomic research. In the synchrotron
system the light is tangentialy sent inside the device. Free electron lasers are ultra short high
energy photons lasers. Standford facility, SACLA Japan, Switzerland and XFEL Hamburg.
The longest time that can be observed is HHG facilities. Depending to the x ray pulse the
observation will show the structure of the sample. Resonnance inside the material can be
observed with the most modern systems. X ray enable scientists to analise proteins but not all of
them can be crystalised. Nano crystal of proteins are the solutions because the chemical stability
is better. For high speed storage the best technology is light excitation that change state of
material. Catalysis and solar enegy conversion is possible by metal oxides dynamic technology.

Session 8: OPTICS AND photonics in the arab and islamic world with Azzedine
Boudrioua

Other international meetings will leading to better knowledge of arab science contribution. A
white paper include the giants who have allowed us to see far, todays optic and photonics in
arab and islamic countries. Science Philosophy and Religion development during Golden Age was
happening because of dialogue, debate and freedom. Convergence of photonics and electronics
must be considered as a challenge for arabic forces of research.

Marie Abboud
Optics and Photonics Research in Lebanon: Key figures, way forward UNESCO Lebanon

Lebanese location is a cross road of Cultures and Civilizations. Start of KSARA is 1911 and high
education system is developed in the country. Technology careers are offered to students as well
as research projects. It is mainly financed by the government with external projects like UNESCO
and other agencies. There is a weak link between research and production networks. Future
research in Lebanon should lead to specific application for findings in the production.

Nurdogan Can
Tunable luminescence of rare earth doped some yttrium-based phosphors University of Jazan
Saudia Arabia

Quantum mecanics and information science lead to quantum information century. Slow light with
electromagnetic transparency induced in fiber optic. Percolation and network dynamics are the
subject of research. Light application ideas influenced by old ceramic technics may lead to new
findings and application. Internal force of atoms may enable the production of new kind of
engines. February 15 to 19 conference will be held in Lebanon. Phosphors will have great
application in solar, security etc. White LED should improve in efficiency through the coming
years. Color rendering is a problem with LED because it has a different peak of power than solar
light.

Mohammad D. Al-Amri
Overview of optics and photonic research in Saudi Arabia National Center for applied physics
KACST

Lythography helps to engrave nano meter circuits for electronic and going thinner means better
speed. Engraving use light for different level inside the material. Quantum key distribution
protocols requiere photons and carrier.
 Nano sensors would be used for medical purpose in the brain. Ultra High Speed imager design
and Solid State Lightning Research are also on the laboratory agenda.

Selçuk Aktürk
Optics and photonics in Turkey Istanbul Technical University

All Education structures are under the control of the government. There are both private or
public Universities. Istanbul is the main place for student population in Turkey. Research are
conducted in Universities, government labs and private companies. Bilkent University have large
Optics and Photonics insfrastructures. Istanbul Technical University is the oldest intitution.
ASELSAN is the largest private company working in Optics and Photonics in Turkey. Laser
material processing industry has a large demand in Turkey mostly for Automotiv Industry.
Photonics conference will be held in 2015. Young and skilled people are the strenght of Turkey
together with good finance capacities. Challenges are around scientific motivation and guidance
toward specific carrers and valuable transfert of technology in production of goods.

Omar Lamrous Optics and Photonics in Algeria Algerian Optical and Photonics Society

Un réseau de Photonique appelé Nour 21 est créé depuis 2007. il consiste à l'examen et au
financement de projets concernant ce domaîne de recherche. Il s'agit de favoriser
l'industrialisation de produits innovants en utlisant les savoirs des chercheurs locaux comme ceux
des algériens travaillant à l'étranger. Les pôles de recherches de plusieurs villes se consacrent à
la recherche et au développement dans les filières de la photonique et de l'optique. OPALS est
une Société savante qui assure un rayonnement et la communication sur les sujets liés à ces
recherches.

Mourad Zghal Ibn Al-Haytham: 1000 years of optics Tunisian Optical Society

Is it located in the north of Africa. The first laboratory about optics and photonics was established
by Pr Zohra Ben Lakhdar. The International Center for Theoretical Studies is supporting Tunisia in
this matter. A new center of Excellence was created in 2014 in collaboration with tunisian
technology facilities. Courses were organised between 2007 and 2015. Simulation and theory is
not enough and LUPA workshop was organised. Schools are visited with simple demonstrations
and experiment of Optics and Photonics. ALOP program is an active learning workshop about
optics and photonics. SPIE organisation and OSA also organise trainings.

"Scientific thought is the common heritage of humankind" Abdul Salam Founder of ICTP

The working group in considering to create an International Society in the field of Photonics and
Optics.

End of conference.

Published by RDM-ROW Dominique Marc Deschamps http://slideshare.net/reporter

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