NAME: FATIMA USMAN JAURO

ADM NO: 4589

SCHOOL NAME: MAIRO TIJJANI SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE

QUESTION:

 WHAT IS DIGITAL DEVICES

 WHAT ARE THE CONTRIBUTION OF ICT GIVEN TO COMPUTER

INTRODUCTION

As we learned in the first chapter, an information system is made up of five

components: hardware, software, data, people, and process. The physical parts of
computing devices those that you can actually touch are referred to as hardware. In
this chapter, we will take a look at this component of information systems, learn a
little bit about how it works, and discuss some of the current trends surrounding it.

As stated above, computer hardware encompasses digital devices that you can
physically touch. This includes devices such as the following:

 Desktop computers
 Laptop computers
 Mobile phones
 Tablet computers
 E-readers
 Storage devices, such as flash drives
 Input devices, such as keyboards, mice, and scanners
 Output devices such as printers and speakers.

pg. 1
Besides these more traditional computer hardware devices, many items that were
once not considered digital devices are now becoming
computerized themselves. Digital technologies are now being integrated into many
everyday objects, so the days of a device being labeled categorically as computer
hardware may be ending. Examples of these types of digital devices include
automobiles, refrigerators, and even soft-drink dispensers. In this chapter, we will
also explore digital devices, beginning with defining what we mean by the term
itself.

DIGITAL DEVICES

A digital device processes electronic signals that represent either a one (“on”) or a
zero (“off”). The on state is represented by the presence of an electronic signal; the
off state is represented by the absence of an electronic signal. Each one or zero is
referred to as a bit (a contraction of binary digit); a group of eight bits is a byte.
The first personal computers could process 8 bits of data at once; modern PCs can
now process 64 bits of data at a time, which is where the term 64-bit processor
comes from.

Information and communications technology (ICT) is an extensional term for

information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications and
the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals) and
computers, as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and
audiovisual systems, that enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate
information.

The term ICT is also used to refer to the convergence of audiovisual and telephone
networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system. There
are large economic incentives to merge the telephone network with the computer

pg. 2
network system using a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution, and
management. ICT is an umbrella term that includes any communication device,
encompassing radio, television, cell phones, computer and network hardware,
satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services and appliance with them
such as video conferencing and distance learning.

ICT is a broad subject and the concepts are evolving. It covers any product that
will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit, or receive information electronically in a
digital form (e.g., personal computers, digital television, email, or robots).
Theoretical differences between interpersonal-communication technologies and
mass-communication technologies have been identified by the philosopher Piyush
Mathur. Skills Framework for the Information Age is one of many models for
describing and managing competencies for ICT professionals for the 21st century

REFERENCE

"IEEE-CS Adopts Skills Framework for the Information Age • IEEE Computer
Society". www.computer.org. Retrieved 14 March 2018.

William Melody et al., Information and Communication Technologies: Social

Sciences Research and Training: A Report by the ESRC Programme on
Information and Communication Technologies, ISBN 0-86226-179-1, 1986.
Roger Silverstone et al., "Listening to a long conversation: an ethnographic
approach to the study of information and communication technologies in the
home", Cultural Studies, 5(2), pages 204–227, 1991.

The Independent ICT in Schools Commission, Information and Communications

Technology in UK Schools: An Independent Inquiry, 1997. Impact noted in
Jim Kelly, What the Web is Doing for Schools Archived 2011-07-11 at the
Way back Machine, Financial Times, 2000.

pg. 3