1

1) 
h
2) Δx Δp x 
4

3) ℏ2
𝑥
4) 𝑃 = ∫𝑥 2|𝜓(𝑥)|2 d𝑥
1

5) ∫ 𝜓𝑖∗ 𝜓𝑗 d𝜏 = 0 for 𝑖 ≠ 𝑗

6) x = 2.9 × 10−3 m K
𝜕
7) p̂ x ̂ = 𝑖ℏ
𝐻
𝜕𝑡

8) ϕ

9) √〈𝑥 2 〉 − 〈𝑥〉2

10) 𝛺̂𝜓 = 𝜔𝜓

11) ∫ 𝜙 ∗ 𝜙 d𝜏 = 1

12) 𝜌(𝜆, 𝑇) = 8πℎ𝑐/{𝜆5 (eℎ𝑐/𝜆𝑘𝑇 − 1)}

13)

14) ö (∫ 𝜓 ∗ (𝑥) 𝜓(𝑥) d𝑥)−1⁄2

15) 𝛺̂

16) ϕ
∞
17) ϕ ̂ 𝛹𝑑𝑥
〈Ω〉 = ∫−∞ 𝛹 ∗ Ω
2
18) 3𝑅(𝜃E ⁄𝑇)2 {e𝜃𝐸 /2𝑇 ⁄(e𝜃𝐸 /𝑇 − 1)}
ℏ 𝜕
19) ̂
Ω
𝑖 𝜕𝑥
2𝜋𝑐
20) 𝐶𝑉,m (𝑇)
𝜆
anhog jumpe dqvck brfst

1
 2

3π𝑥
𝛹(𝑥) = 𝑁sin ( )
𝐿
1  cos 2bx 1 1 𝑥 sin(2𝑏𝑥)
sin bx 
2
  cos 2bx and ∫ sin2 (𝑏𝑥 )dx = − +
2 2 2 2 4𝑏
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝐿 𝐿
2
3𝜋𝑥 2
𝑁2 𝐿 6𝜋𝑥 2
𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛(6𝜋𝑥⁄𝐿) 𝑁2𝐿
𝑁 ∫ sin ( ) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( )) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑁 [ − ] = =1
0 𝐿 2 0 𝐿 2 12𝜋/𝐿 0
2
1
2 2
N=( )
𝐿

2 1⁄2 3π𝑥
𝛹(𝑥) = ( ) sin ( )
𝐿 𝐿

2 1⁄2 3π𝑥
𝛹(𝑥) = ( ) sin ( )
𝐿 𝐿

2 3π𝑥
𝑃(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝛹(𝑥) 2 dx = ( ) sin2 ( ) d𝑥
𝐿 𝐿
2 π 2
𝑃(𝐿⁄6)𝑑𝑥 = ( ) sin2 ( ) 𝑑𝑥 = ( ) 𝑑𝑥
𝐿 2 𝐿
𝑑2
Ĝ Ĥ cos(𝑘𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑒 −𝑖𝑘𝑥

𝑑
Ĝ f(x) (cos 𝑘𝑥) = (𝑘)(cos 𝑘𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑑
̂ 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝐻 (cos 𝑘𝑥) = (−𝑘 sin 𝑘𝑥) = (−𝑘 2 )(cos 𝑘𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
–
𝑑
Ĝ f(x) (𝑒 −𝑖𝑘𝑥 ) = (−𝑖𝑘)(𝑒 −𝑖𝑘𝑥 ) –
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑑
Ĥ f(x) (𝑒 −𝑖𝑘𝑥 ) = (−𝑖𝑘)(𝑒 −𝑖𝑘𝑥 ) = (−𝑖𝑘)2 (𝑒 −𝑖𝑘𝑥 ) = −𝑘 2 (𝑒 −𝑖𝑘𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
–

2
 3

E7C.9(b)
Wavefunctions 𝜓1 and 𝜓2 are orthogonal if ∫ 𝜓1⋆ 𝜓2 𝑑𝜏 = 0. Here,
𝜓1 (x) = sin(3πx/L), 𝜓2 (x) = sin(4πx/L), and the region is 0 ≤ x ≤ L. The integral is evaluated using
sinn  m x sinn  m x
 sin(mx ) sin(nx )dx  2n  m   2 n  m  ; m  n
𝐿
3𝜋𝑥 4𝜋𝑥 𝐿 𝜋 𝜋
∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( ) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛(3𝑢)𝑠𝑖𝑛(4𝑢 )𝑑𝑢 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑢 = 𝑥
0 𝐿 𝐿 𝜋 0 𝐿
𝐿 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑢( ) ( )
sin 7𝑢 𝜋
= ( − )|
𝜋 2 14 0
𝐿
= (7𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑢) − sin(7𝑢))
14𝜋
𝐿
= (7 sin 𝜋 − sin 7𝜋 − 7sin 0 + sin0) = 0
14𝜋

2 1⁄2 π𝑥
𝛹(𝑥) = ( ) sin ( )
𝐿 𝐿

2 1⁄2 π𝑥
𝛹(𝑥) = ( )
𝐿
sin ( )
𝐿
𝑥̂= x
〈𝑥〉 = ∫ 𝛹 ∗ (𝑥) 𝑥̂ 𝛹(𝑥)𝑑𝜏
Use the integral :

ANS: 7A.3a
The de Broglie relation is

3
 4

ANS: 7A.6(b)
According to Wien’s law : λmax T = hc / 5k = 2.88 × 10−3 m K
λmax = hc / 5kT = (2.88 × 10−3 m K) / 27 K = 1.1 × 10−4 m
νmax = c / λmax = 5kT/ h = 5(1.381×10−23 J K−1)× (27 K) / (6.626 × 10−34 J s)
= 2.8 × 1012 s−1 = 2.8 THz

The heat capacity of a monatomic non-metallic solid is

2
𝐶𝑉,𝑚 = 3𝑅(𝜃E ⁄𝑇)2 {e𝜃𝐸 /2𝑇 ⁄(e𝜃𝐸 /𝑇 − 1)}
T = 298 K, and θV = 900 K, x = θV/ T = 900 K/298 K = 3.02, ex = 20.5 ≫ 1.
With N = n NA and R= NA k, 3Nk = 3nR, so the molar heat capacity
CV,m = CV /n ≈ 3R *(3.02)2 e−x = 0.445*(3*R) =11.1 J/K-mol
2 1⁄2 3π𝑥
𝛹(𝑥) = ( ) sin ( )
𝐿 𝐿

ANS: E7B.7(b)
The normalized wavefunction is ψ(x) = (2/L)½ sin(3πx/L).
The probability of finding the electron between x = 0 and x = L/3 is:

ANS: 7A.13(b)
Conservation of energy requires Ephoton = Φ + EK = hν = hc/λ,
so EK = hc / λ − Φ and
6.626×10−34 𝐽 𝑠 × 2.998×108 𝑚 𝑠 −1
EK = − (2.09 eV) × (1.602 × 10−19 J eV–1) = 5.48 × 10−19 J
225×10−9 𝑚

and ν = (2×5.48 × 10−19 J / 9.11 × 10−31 kg)1/2 = 1.10 × 106 m s−1