m&;lf th;f;fk;;

ghFjp ? 05 m&;lf th;f;fKk; nfhl;lhrKk;;

jiyth; :

jpU/ S.M. rjhrptk;

<nuh; jpU/ T.V.A. ehuhazd;
ehfh;

jp U/ bfshpr’;fh;
R. fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS

bja;tf;”h;
(n$hjpl rpnuhd;kzp & mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp)
rkkaran.india@yahoo.com
 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 2 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
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Xk;
_ FUnt Jiz
vy;yhk; ty;y bja;tkJ! mtdpy;jhd; eP. cd;dpy; mtd;;!

Kd;Diu

md;ghd cyf mwpthspfns! tzf;fk;

,iwtd; cyifg; gilj;jhd;/ gw;gy el;rj;jpu’;fisa[k;. fpuf’;fisa[k;. mit xt;bthd;Wk; xt;bthU tpjkhd rf;jpia cilajhft[k;.
mit midj;Jk; xd;Wf;bfhd;W bjhlh;g[ila jhft[k;. xnu epajpg;go rpwpJk; jtwhky; RHyr; bra;jhd;/ gpd; kdpj caph;fisg;
gilj;jhd;. kdpjDila brhy;Yf;Fk;. braYf;Fk;. thH;tf
[ ;Fk; fpuf’;fs; bjhlh;t[ cilajhf bra;jhd;/

g{h;t b$d;k tpjpapd;go mtd; gpwf;Fk; neuj;jpnyna tpz;zpy; cs;s fpuf r”;rhu’;fisg; bghWj;J mtdJ thH;tk
[ ; vjph;fhyKk;
eph;zapf;fg;gLfpwJ/ mtdJ tpjpg;gaid khw;w ahuhYk; KoahJ/

xUtd; gpwe;j neuj;jpy; cr;rj;jpypUf;Fk; fpuf’;fshy; mtdJ thH;t[ vt;tpjk; ,Uf;Fk; vd;W ekJ Kd;ndhh;fs; jkJ
mDgt’;fspdhYk; jkJ nguwpthYk; Muha;e;J TwpapUg;gJ jhd; n$hjplf; fiyahFk;/ "Maf;fiyfs; mWgj;jp ehd;F" vd;gh;/
mtw;wpy; n$hjplf; fiya[k; xd;W vd;gjhy; ,r; n$hjplf;fiy kdpj thH;tpy; Kf;fpa m’;fk; vd;gJ bjhpatUk;/

"fw;wJ ifkz;zst[. fy;yhjJ cyfst[" Mfnt gw;gy E}y;fisf; fw;W. rpe;jpj;J jdJ mDgt’;fisf; bfhz;L Muha;r;rp bra;J
,f;fiyia bjhpe;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;/ gog;gjdhy; kl;Lk; xUth; n$hjpluhfptpl KoahJ/ cyf mDgt’;fSlDk; $hjf’;fisg; ghh;j;J
mtw;iwg; gw;wp rpe;jpj;jhy;jhd; gy cz;ikfs; bjhpa tUk;/ mjdhy; mwpit mgptpUj;jp bra;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;/

n$hjplk; vd;gJ kdpjdpd; vjph;fhyj;ija[k;. thH;f;ifiaa[k;. Mnuhf;fpak; kw;Wk; ,d;g. Jd;g’;fisa[k; TWtjhFk;/ ,jw;Fnky;
kdpjdpd; jiybaGj;Jk;. tpjp vd;gJk; ,Uf;fpwJ/ mtdJ g{h;t b$d;k gyhgyd;fSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd/ ,it ,iwtdhy;
bfhLf;fg;gl;lit/ ,jpy; mnef bja;t ,ufrpa’;fSk; cz;L/ xUtUila tpjpia kw;wth; brhy;y ,ayhJ/ Mfnt ekf;F ,iwtdpd;
nky; ek;gpf;ifa[k;. gf;jpa[k; ntz;Lk;/

bghJthf itj;jpah; xUth; xUtUila tpahjpiaf; fz;Lgpof;f nehahspia mUfpy; itj;J mtiu gytpjkhf ghPl;irak; bra;J.
tpahjpahy; mtd; Jd;gg;gLtijg; ghh;j;Jk;. czh;j;Jk; mtDf;F vd;d tpahjp. ve;j ghfj;jpy; tpahjp njhd;wpaJ. mjw;F vd;d
epth;j;J vd;W fhz;Lgpof;f Koahky; lhf;lh;fs; tpHpf;fpd;wdh;/

Mdhy; xUtDila thH;f;ifiaa[k;. vjph;fhyj;ija[k;. ehk; epidj;Jg; ghh;f;fKoahj mstpy; mtuJ tpjpiaa[k;. jiybaGj;ija[k;
vt;thW Tw Koa[k;> ,e;j b$d;kj;ij gw;wpna ekf;F bjhpahjpUf;f. g{h;tb$d;k ufrpa’;fs; vt;thW bjhpa[k;> ,tw;wpw;fhf ek; Kd;ndhh;fs;
j’;fs; mDgt’;fshYk; ekJ Muha;r;rpapd; gadhft[k; rpy bghJthd tpjpKiwfis ekf;F je;jUspa[s;sdh;. mJjhd; n$hjplk;
vd;gjhFk;/

$hjf gyd; eph;zapg;gjw;F gytpjkhd Kiwfs; eilgpof;fg;gLfpwJ/ mtw;wpy; m&;lf th;f;f Kiwa[k; xd;whFk;/ m&;lf th;f;fk;
thapyhf $hjfg; gyid kpfj; Jy;ypakhf eph;zapf;fyhk; vd kfhp&pfs; jk;Kila E}y;fspy; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;fs;/ m&;lf th;f;fk;
fzpj;j gpwF $hjfj;jpw;F gyd; mwpa[k; Kiwia mwpe;J bfhz;l ehk;. m&;lf th;f;fj;jpy; nfhs;fs; bfhLj;Js;s gpw;Jf;fSf;F jf;fthW
nfhr;rhuj;jpy; nfhs;fs; bfhLf;Fk; gyid ,e;j gFjpapd; thapyhf mwpe;J bfhs;tnj ,e;j gFjpapd; nehf;fkhFk;/ ,k;Kiwapid ed;whf
czh;e;J. gpd; j’;fsplk; n$hjpl gyh gyd;fs; nfl;ftUthplj;J rhpahd gyid bjspt[gLj;j ntz;Lkha; nfl;Lf;bfhs;fpnwd;/

R. fUzhfud;. MA DTA DPCS

n$hjpl rpnuhd;kzp & mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp/

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl rh!;jpu “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 3 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
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m&;lf th;f;fk;;

ghFjp ? 05 m&;lf th;f;fKk; nfhl;rhuKk;;

bghUslf;fk;

nehf;fk; ..........................................................................................................................................4

Kd;Diu.......................................................................................................................................4

nfhs;fspd; r”;rhuepiy .............................................................................................................4

nfhl;rhu Rg?mRg !;jhd’;fs; ..................................................................................................4

nfhs;fs; ew;gyd;fisj; jUk; ,l’;fSk;. mjw;F ntij !;jhd’;fSk;............................4

nfhs;fspd; nfhl;rhu gyd;fs;;.....................................................................................................5

ff;rah gphpt[ ................................................................................................................................6

nfhs;fspd; ff;rah gyd;fs; .......................................................................................................7

N:hpadpd; ff;rah gyd;fs;; ......................................................................................................7

re;jpudpd; ff;rah gyd;fs;; .....................................................................................................8

brt;thapd;; ff;rah gyd;fs;; ....................................................................................................8

g[jdpd;; ff;rah gyd;fs;; ..........................................................................................................9

FUtpd; ff;rah gyd;fs;; .......................................................................................................10

Rf;fpudpd; ff;rah gyd;fs;; ...................................................................................................10

rdpapd; ff;rah gyd;fs;; .......................................................................................................11

Koa[iu.......................................................................................................................................12

tpdhf;fs; ....................................................................................................................................12

ghh;it E}y;fs; ...........................................................................................................................12

fiyr; brhw;fs;............................................................................................................................12

Prepared By R.Karunakaran, MA DTA DPCS

JothidaChironmani & Ariviyal Jothida Mamanii

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl rh!;jpu “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 4 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
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m&;lf th;f;fKk; nfhl;rhuKk;;

nehf;fk;
thd; kz;lyj;jpy; nfhs;fspd; r”;rhu epiyg; gyid m&;lf th;f;fj;jpd; K:yk; mwpe;J bfhs;tnj ,e;j gFjpapd; nehf;fkhFk;/

Kd;Diu
nfhl;rhug;gyd; vd;gJ bghJthf gpwe;j $hjfj;jpy; re;jpud; epw;Fk; b$d;k ,uhrpia mog;gilahff; bfhz;L fzpf;fg;gLfpwJ/ m&;lf
th;f;fj;jpy; nfhs;fspd; gpe;Jf;fspd; mog;gilapy; nfhl;rhug; gyd; fzpf;fg;gLfpwJ/ mtw;iw ,e;j gFjpapy; mwpe;J bfhs;syhk;/

nfhs;fspd; r”;rhuepiy
nfhs;fs; rh;t rhjhfhyKk; thd; kz;lyj;jpy; efh;e;J bfhz;oUf;fpd;wd/ nfhs;fs; xU ,uhrpapy; ,Uf;ff; Toa fhyKk;. mit xU ehspy;
thd; kz;lyj;jpy; efh;tilaf;Toa J}uKk; fPH;fz;l ml;ltiz K:ykhf mwpe;J bfhs;syhk;/
nfhs;fs; N:hpad; re;jpud; brt;tha; g[jd; FU Rf;fpud; rdp uhF-nfJ
xU uhrpapy; 1 khjk; 2¼ ehl;fs; 45 ehl;fs; 28 ehl;fs; 1 tUlk; 30 ehl;fs; 2½ tUlk;; 1½ tUlk;
r”;rhpf;Fk; fhyk;

jpdfjp vd;gJ nfhs;fs; xU ehspy; thd kz;lyj;jpy; r”;rhpf;Fk; J}uk;

nfhs;fs; ghif fiy tpfiy guh guhj;guh jj;guh nfhs;fs; gpwg;g[ $hjfj;jpy; ju ntz;oa gy;fisa[k;.
N:hpad; 00 59 08 10 10 24 kPwp nfhl;rhuj;jpy; nfhs;fs; mjpf mstpy; RghRg
re;jpud; 13 10 34 52 03 49 gyd;fs; ju KoahJ vd;gij ehk; ftdj;jpy;
brt;tha; 00 31 26 28 11 09 bfhs;s ntz;Lk;/ Kd; b$d;k fh;k tpidfSf;F
g[jd; 04 05 32 20 41 51 Vw;wthW gpwg;g[ g[j;jpfSk; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ/
FU 00 04 59 8 48 35 Kw;gpwtpapy; bra;j ed;ik jPikfSf;Fj; jf;fthW
Rf;fpud; 01 36 07 43 37 15 ,g;gpwtpapy; $hjfh; Rg mRg gyd;fsi
mDgtpg;ghh;/ ,ijj;jhd; ehk; fh;ktpidg; gad;
rdp 00 02 00 22 53 25
vd;W TWfpnwhk;/

vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf. gpwg;g[ $hjfj;jpy; $hjfUf;F FHe;ij ghf;fpak; fpilf;fhJ vd;W ,Ue;J. nfhl;rhuj;jpy; nfhs;fs; ew;gyidj; jUk; vd;w
epiy ,Ue;jhYk; Tl FHe;ij ghf;fpak; ,y;iy vd;nw gyd; Twg;gl ntz;Lk;/ jprh g[j;jpfs; Fwpg;gpLk; gyd;fs; Kjy; epiy tfpf;Fk;/
nfhl;rhug; gyd;fs; ,uz;lhk; epiy MFk;/ vdnt. n$hjplg; gyd;fs; TWtjw;F jprh g[j;jp gyd;fs; Kd;Dhpik bgw;witahft[k;.
,uz;lhtjhf nfhl;rhug; gyd;fs; m&;lf th;f;fg; gyd;fSld; ,izj;J fzpj;Jf; Twg;gl ntz;Lk;/

nfhs;fs; nfhl;rhu epiyapy; ,uhrp kz;lyj;jpy; r”;rhpf;Fk; bghGJ. bfhLf;Fk; Rg. mRg gyd;fs; re;jpud; epd;w ,uhrpapy; (b$d;k ,uhrp)
,Ue;J fzf;fplg;gl ntz;Lk;/ ke;jpunu!;tuh; ekJ ghyjPgpif vd;Wk; n$hjpl E}py; midj;Jtpjkhd ,yf;fpd’;fspYk; ,Ue;J
fzf;fpLtij tpl re;jpuh ,yf;fpdj;jpw;nf (b$d;k ,uhrpf;nf) Kf;fpaj;Jtk; bfhLf;fg;gl ntz;Lk; vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;/

nfhl;rhu Rg?mRg !;jhd’;fs;

midj;J nfhs;fSk;. nfhl;rhuj;jpy; re;jpud; epd;w ,uhrpf;F 11?kplj;jpy; ew;gyd;fis tH’;Fk;/ N:hpad;. ,uhF. nfJf;fs; re;jpuDf;F 3. 6.
10 Mkpl’;fspYk;. brt;tha[k;. rdpa[k; 3. 6?Mkpl’;fspYk; ew;gyd;fisj; jUk;/ re;jpud; epd;w ,uhrpf;F nfhl;rhu re;jpud; 1?3?6?7
,l’;fspYk;. Rf;fpud; 6. 7. 10 Mkpl’;fisj; jtpu kw;w 1?2?3?4?5?8?9?11 Mkpl’;fspYk;. FU 2?5?7?9 Mkpl’;fspYk; ew;gyd;fs; jUk;/
g[jd; 2?4/6?8?10 Mfpa tPLfspy; ed;ik jUk;/

nfhl;rhuj;jpy; xU nfhs; re;jpud; epd;w ,uhrpapypUe;J r”;rhpf;Fk;bghGJ $hjfUf;F ed;ik. jPikg; gyd;fs; Vw;glf;
fhuzkhfapUe;jhYk;. kw;bwhU nfhs; ntij !;jhdj;jpy; (jil Vw;gLj;Jk; ghtk;) ,Ue;jhy; ,e;jf; nfhs; bfhLf;Fk; gyd; $hjfUf;Ff;
fpilf;fhJ/

vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf. nfhl;rhuj;jpy; re;jpud; epd;w ,lj;jpw;F. 3?kplj;jpy; N:hpad; r”;rhuk; bra;tJ $hjfUf;F ew;gyd;fisj; jUk;/ Mdhy;
mnj rkak; ntij !;jhdk; Md 9?kplj;jpy; ntW xU nfhs; r”;rhuk; bra;jhy; $hjfUf;F N:hpadhy; Vw;gLk; ew;gyd;fs; fpilf;fhJ/
nkYk;. N:hpaDf;Fk;. rdpf;Fk; ntij ,y;iy/ Vbddpy; Nhpad; je;ij rdp kfs;/ ,njnghy; re;jpuDf;Fk;. g[j;jDf;Fk; ntij ,y;iy/
re;jpud; g[jdpd; je;ij/ g[jd; re;jpuDf;F kfd; vd;gnj fhuzk;/

nfhs;fs; ew;gyd;fisj; jUk; ,l’;fSk;. mjw;F ntij !;jhd’;fSk;

N:hpad; ew;gyd;fisj; jUk; ,l’;fSk;. ntij !;jhd’;fSk; (rdpapdhy; N:hpaDf;F ntij ,y;iy)
Rg!;jhd’;fs; 3?6?10?11
ntij !;jhd’;fs; 9?12?4?5

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl rh!;jpu “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 5 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
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re;jpud; ew;gyd; jUk; ,l’;fSk;. ntij !;jhd’;fSk; (g[jdhy; re;jpuDf;F ntij ,y;iy)
Rg!;jhd’;fs; 1?3?6?7?10?11
ntij !;jhd’;fs; 5?12?2?4?8

g[jd; ew;gyd;fisj; jUk; ,l’;fSk;. ntij !;jhd’;fSk; (re;jpudhy; g[jDf;F ntij ,y;iy)
Rg!;jhd’;fs; 2?4?6?8?10?11
ntij !;jhd’;fs; 5?3?9?1?8?12

FU ew;gyd;fisj; jUk; ,l’;fSk;. ntij !;jhd’;fSk;

Rg !;jhd’;fs;; 2?5?7?9?11
ntij !;jhd’;fs; 12?4?3?10?8

Rf;fpud; ew;gyd;fisj; jUk;. ,l’;fSk;. ntij !;jhd’;fSk;

Rg!;jhd’;fs; 1?3?4?5?8?9?11?12
ntij !;jhd’;fs; 8?7?1?10?9?5?11?6?3

rdp ew;gyd;fisj; jUk; ,l’;fSk;. ntij !;jhd’;fSk; (N:hpadhy; rdpf;F ntij ,y;iy)
Rg!;jhd’;fs; 3?6?11
ntij !;jhd’;fs; 12?9?5

,uhF. nfJf;fs; 3. 6. 10. 11 Mkpl’;fspy; ew;gyidj; jUk;

ntij !;jhd’;fs; Rgh; ,uhrpapy; kl;Lnk ntijahf (jil bra;a[k; mikg;g[) bray;gLk;/ mRgh; ,uhrpapy; bray;glhJ/ nkw;fz;l gyd;
ke;j;nu!;tuhpd; ghyjPgPif vd;Dk; E}ypy; tpthpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/ $hjf ghhp$hjk; vd;Dk; n$hjpl E}ypy; ,yf;fpdk; Kjy; 12 ght’;fSf;Fk;
ntij !;jhd’;fs; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ/ xU nfhs; nfhl;rhu hPjpahf me;je;j ght’;fspy; r”;rhpf;Fk;bghGJ Vw;gLk;/ ntij !;jhd
ml;ltiz gpd;tUkhW:
,uhrp I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
N:hpad; 1 2 9 3 6 12 7 8 10 4 5 11
re;jpud; 5 1 9 3 6 12 2 7 10 4 5 11
brt;tha; 1 2 12 3 4 9 6 7 8 10 5 11
g[jd; 2 5 4 3 7 9 6 7 8 8 12 11
FU 1 12 2 5 4 6 3 7 10 9 8 7
Rf;fpud; 8 7 1 10 9 12 2 5 11 4 3 6
rdp 1 2 12 3 4 9 6 7 8 10 5 11

nfhs;fspd; nfhl;rhu gyd;fs;;

nfhs;fspd; gpd;dh&;lf th;f;fj;jpy; xt;bthU nfhSk; mjpfgl;rkhf 8 guy;fisa[k; Fiwe;j msthf g{$;ak; guy;fisa[k;. kj;jpk
msthf 4 guy;fisa[k; bfhLf;fpwJ/ rh;th&;lf th;f;fj;jpy; 56 guy;fs; mjpfkhft[k; kj;jpk msthf 28 guy;fisa[k; jUk; vd;W
Twg;gLfpwJ/
gpd;dh&;lf th;f;fj;jpy; bghJthf nfhs;fs; g{$;ak; guy; Kjy; 8 guy;fs; tiu bfhLg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; gyd;fs;:

gpe;Jf;fs; gyd;fs; N:hpad;:

0 kuzk; my;yJ kuzj;jpw;F xg;ghd fz;lk; 5 Kjy; 8 guy;fs; bgw;W N:hpad; gyk;
1 e&;lk;. mHpt[. ftiyfs;. neha;fs; bgw;why;. ghtfj;jpw;Fj; jf;fthW
2 bghUs; mHpt[. bryt[fs;. bjhHpy;. ntiyfspy; jil. thH;f;ifapy; VH;ik jiyikg; gjtp. gifth;fis bty;Yjy;.
3 ftiyfs;. jtwhf g[hpe;J bfhs;Sjy;. kd mikjpapd;ik muR cah; gjtp tfpj;jy;. ey;y cly;eyk;.
4 jrh g[j;jpfspd; epiyf;Fj; jf;fthW Rg?mRg fyg;g[g; gyd;fs; bry;t tsk; fpilf;Fk;/ N:hpad; 0 Kjy; 3
5 cly;eyk;. bry;tr; nrh;f;if. midtuhYk; ed;whf g[hpe;J bfhs;sg;gLjy; guy;fs; bgw;W gyk; Fiwe;jhy;
6 bry;t tsh;r;rp. ,yhgk;. cah; me;j!;J kfpH;r;rpapd;ik. jilfs;. Fwpf;nfhs;
7 midj;J tpjkhd Rf re;njh&’;fs;. kfpH;r;rp mDgtpj;jy; ,y;yhky; btspapl’;fspy; miyjy;.
8 vy;yhtpjkhd MirfSk; epiwntWjy;. rKjhaj;jpy; g[fH; bgWjy;/ FLk;gj;ij tpl;Lg; gphpjy;. muR K:yk;
bjhy;iyfs;/
N:hpad; bfhLf;Fk; neha;fs;: jiytyp. ,Uja neha;fs;. be”;Rtyp. fz;neha;. tapw;W typ

re;jpud;;: 5 Kjy; 8 guy;fs; bgw;W re;jpud; gyk; bgw;why; bry;tr; nrh;f;if. ey;y czt[. gLf;if miw Rf’;fs;. Milfs;. ez;gh;fs;.
vjph;ghyhpd; nrh;f;if. kfpH;r;rp. re;njh&k;. brhj;Jf;fs;. ey;y cly; eyk;. re;jpud; 0 Kjy; 3 guy;fs; bgw;W re;jpud; gytPdk; bgw;why;
gytPdkhd kdk;. gak;. midj;J tpjkhd bjhy;iyfs;. cly; eyf; Fiwt[. bry;t ,Hg;g[. kdr; r”;ryk;. kfpH;r;rpapy;yhj thH;f;if.
nrhk;ngwpj;jdk;. bghwhik/

re;jpud; bfhLf;Fk; neha;fs;: EiuaPuy; neha;fs;. M!;Jkh. fhyuh. tapw;Wg; nghf;F. brhpkhdf; nfhshWfs;. k”;rs; fhkhiy. ,uj;jj;jpy;
neha;fs;/

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl rh!;jpu “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 6 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
n$hjpl rpnuhd;kzp & mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp kpd;d”;ry;: rkkaran.india@yahoo.com

brt;tha;;: 5 Kjy; 8 guy;fs; bgw;W brt;tha; m&;lf th;f;fj;jpy; gyk; bgw;W ,Ue;jhy;;. $hjfh; mjpfhu gjtp cilath;/ gifth;fis
btw;wp fhz;gth;/ fhhpa btw;wp. epyk;. bry;t’;fs; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; Vw;gLk;/ 0 Kjy; 3 guy;fs; bgw;W brt;tha; gyk; Fiwe;jh;
cld;gpwg;g[f;fSld; tpnuhjk;. fLk; brhw;fshy; xUtUld; xUth; jpl;of;bfhs;Sjy;. bry;tapHg;g[. gzp ,wf;fk;. fLk; brhw;fshy;
xUtUld; xUth; jpl;of;bfhs;Sjy;. bry;tapHg;g[. gzp ,wf;fk;. kidtpa[ld; fUj;J ntw;Wik. tpgj;Jf;fs; cz;lhFk;/

brt;tha; bfhLf;Fk; neha;fs;: ,uj;j mGj;jk;. tapw;Wg; g[z;. btl;Lf;fhak;. gpj;j Ruk;. ,uj;jk; bfl;Lg;nghFjy;/

g[jd;;: g[jd; mjpfkhd guy;fSld; gyk; bgw;why;. ey;y jpwikahd ngr;R. bry;tk;. brhj;Jf;fs;. kjpg;g[. khpahij fpilf;Fk;/ Fiwe;j
guy;fs; bgw;W gyk; Fiwe;jhy; kjpg;g[ Fiwt[ cz;lhFjy;. kdf;ftiy. gzp ,wf;fk;. mwpthw;wy; Fiwt[ cz;lhFk;/

g[jd;; bfhLf;Fk; neha;fs;: euk;g[f; nfhshWfs;. K:is. njhy; neha;fs;. mdpkpah neha;fs; Vw;gLk;/

FU: 5 Kjy; 8 guy;fs; bgw;w ,uhrpapy; r”;rhpf;Fk; bghGJ bry;tk;. brhj;Jf;fs;. FHe;ij gpwg;g[. cah; me;j!;J. bghpa kdpjh;fspd;
nrh;f;if. ,t;t[yf thH;f;ifapd; re;njh&’;fis mDgtpj;jy;. mwpthw;wy;. gz;iz tPL. jpUkzk; nghd;w Rg epfH;t[fisj; jUk;/ FU 0
Kjy; 3 guy;fs; bgw;w ,uhrpapy; r”;rhpf;Fk; bghGJ bry;t ,Hg;g[. mtkhdk; miljy;. gjtp ,wf;fk; ,lkhw;wk;. tPz; bryt[fs;.
gphptpid cz;lhFk;/

FU bfhLf;Fk; neha;fs;: fy;yPuy;. k”;rs; fhkhiy. rf;fiu neha;. g[w;W neha; cz;lhFk;/

FU: 5 Kjy; 8 guy;fs; bgw;w ,uhrpapy; r”;rhpf;Fk; bghGJ bry;tk;. brhj;Jf;fs;. FHe;ij gpwg;g[. cah; me;j!;J. bghpa kdpjh;fspd;
nrh;f;if. ,t;t[yf thH;f;ifapd; re;njh&’;fis mDgtpj;jy;. mwpthw;wy;. gz;iz tPL. jpUkzk; nghd;w Rg epfH;t[fisj; jUk;/ FU 0
Kjy; 3 guy;fs; bgw;w ,uhrpapy; r”;rhpf;Fk; bghGJ bry;t ,Hg;g[. mtkhdk; miljy;. gjtp ,wf;fk; ,lkhw;wk;. tPz; bryt[fs;.
gphptpid cz;lhFk;/

FU bfhLf;Fk; neha;fs;: fy;yPuy;. k”;rs; fhkhiy. rf;fiu neha;. g[w;W neha; cz;lhFk;/

Rf;fpud;: mjpfkhd guy;fs; bgw;w ,uhrpfspy; Rf;fpud; r”;rhpj;jhy; Rfnghfg; bghUl;fs;. eWkzg; bghUl;fs;. Milfs;. kfpH;r;rpahf
,Uj;jy;. jpUkzk;. FHe;ijfs;. bry;tk;. brhj;Jf;fs;. ,t;t[yf thH;tpy; re;njh&k; mDgtpj;jy;. cy;yhrg; gazk;. ngUk; g[fGk; miljy;.
epy’;fs;. tPLfs; nghd;wit Vw;gLk;/ Rf;fpud; Fiwthd guy;fs; bgw;w ,uhrpfspy; gyk; Fiwe;J r”;rhpj;jhy; fld;fs;. mtkhdk;.
tHf;Ffs;. e&;l’;fs;. bgz;fshy; Jd;gk; Vw;gLk;/

Rf;fpud; bfhLf;Fk; neha;fs;: rh;f;fiu neha;. ghy;tpid neha; kw;Wk; kidtpf;F cly; eyf;Fiwt[ Vw;gLk;/

rdp;: mjpfkhd guy;fs; bgw;w ,uhrpfspy; r”;rhpj;jhy; bry;tk;. ntiyahl;fs;. epyr;nrh;f;if. kd mikjp. btw;wp. epiyahd cj;jpnahfk;.
bghJ kf;fSf;F jiyik tfpj;jy;. kz thH;tpy; re;njh&k;. kjpg;g[. khpahijfs; Vw;gLk;/ guy;fs; Fiwthd ,uhrpfspy; rdp r”;rhuk;
bra;jhy; cly;eyf; Fiwt[. kuzk;. bjhiy J}u’;fSf;Fg; gazk;. njitaw;w fod ciHg;g. FLk;gj;ij tpl;Lg; gphpjy;. jilfs;.
jhkj’;fs;. rpiw itf;fg;gLjy;. kdf;ftiy. jpOh; tpgj;J. bgUk; ,Hg;g[ Vw;gLk;/

rdp bfhLf;Fk; neha;fs;: ePz;l ehs;gl;l neha;fs;. thjk;. rpnyj;Jk neha;fs;. K:l;L typ. jirfspy; gpog;g[. brhpkhdkpd;ik. mUtUg;ghd
njhw;wk;/

30 guy;fSf;F nky;bgw;w xU ,uhrpapy; xU nfhs; nfhl;rhu hPjpahf r”;rhpj;jhy; ey;y Rg gyd;fisj; jUk;/ mnjnghy; xU nfhs; jdJ
gpd;dh&;lf th;f;f rf;fuj;jpy; mnj ,uhrpapy; 4?f;Fk; mjpfkhd guy;fisg; bgw;wpUe;jhy; ey;y gyd;fs; jUk;/ nfhl;rhuj;jpy; xU nfhs;
jdJ cr;r ,uhrp. Ml;rp ,uhrp. K:yj;jphpnfhz ,uhrpapy; r”;rhpj;jhy; bfLgyd;fs; cz;lhFk;/

ff;rah gphpt[
N:hpad;. re;jpud;. brt;tha;. g[jd;. FU. Rf;fpud;. rdp Mfpa VG nfhs;fSk;. ,yf;fpdKk;. m&;lf th;f;f fzpjj;jpy; 8 tpjkhd gyd;fis
jUfpd;wd/ vdnt. xU ,uhrpapd; msthd 30 ghifia 8 gphpt[fshf gphpj;jhy;. xU gphptpw;F 3 ghif 45 fiy Vw;gLk;/ ,e;j 8
gphpt[fSk; ff;rah vd miHf;fg;gLfpwJ/ ff;rahtpd; xt;bthU gphpt[k; xt;bthU fpufj;ij mjpgjpahfg; bgw;Ws;sJ/ mjd; tpguk;
fPH;f;fz;lthW:
ff;rah gphptpd; mjpgjp
ff;rah gphptpd;
t/vz; xt;bthU gphptpd; bjhlf;fKk;. Kot[k; ff;rahtpy; r”;rhpf;Fk;
mjpgjp
fhyk; (njhuhakhf)
01/ 0 ghif Kjy; ? 3 ghif 45 fiy tiu rdp 112 ehl;fs;
02/ 3 ghif 45 fiy Kjy; ? 7 ghif 30 fiy tiu FU 45 ehl;fs;
03/ 7 ghif 30 fiy Kjy; ? 11 ghif 15 fiy tiu brt;tha; 7 ehl;fs;
04/ 11 ghif 15 fiy Kjy; ? 15 ghif tiu N:hpad; 3/8 ehl;fs;
05/ 15 ghif Kjy; ? 18 ghif 45 fiy tiu Rf;fpud; 2/3 ehl;fs;
06/ 18 ghif 45 fiy Kjy; ? 22 ghif 30 fiy tiu g[jd; 22 kzpfs;
07/ 22 ghif 30 fiy Kjy; ? 26 ghif 15 fiy tiu re;jpud; 6/9 kzpfs;
08/ 26 ghif 15 fiy Kjy; ? 30 ghif tiu ,yf;fpdk; 15 epkplk;

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl rh!;jpu “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 7 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
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ff;rah mjpgjpfis g{kp ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpw;Fk; nkw;go mjpgjpfs; ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpw;Fk; cs;s J}uj;jpd; mog;gilapy; gphpf;fg;gl;L;s;sJ/
g{kpf;F btFbjhiytpy; ,Uf;Fk; nfhs; rdp/ g{kpf;F kpf mUfpy; ,Uf;Fk; nfhs; re;jpud;/ xt;bthU nfhSk; xU ,uhrpapy; EiHa[k;
thpir gpd;tUkhW: nfhs; Kjypy; rdp ff;rahtpy; gpd;dh; FU. gpd;dh; brt;tha;. gpd;g[ N:hpad;. gpwF Rf;fpud;. gpwF g[jd;. gpwF re;jpud;
filrpapy; ,yf;fpdk; vd;w thpirf;fpukhf nfhs;fs; ff;rahtpy; r”;rhpf;Fk;/ jpUf;fzpjk; g”;rh’;fj;jpy; nfhs;fspd; jPh;f;f nuiffs;
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd/ vdnt. nfhs;fs; ve;j ff;rahtpy; r”;rhuk; bra;fpwJ vd;gij fz;lwptJ vspJ/

xU nfhs; xU ,uhrpapy; r”;rhpf;Fk;bghGJ me;j ,uhrp mjpgjp me;j ,uhrpapy; gpe;J bfhLj;Js;sjh> vd;gij mwpe;J gpe;J
bfhLj;jpUe;jhy; gyd;fs; elf;Fk;/ Mdhy; me;jg; gyd; Rg gydh> my;yJ mRg gydh> vd;gij nfhl;rhu tpjpfspd;go Kot[ bra;a
ntz;Lk;/

gyd;fs; mwpa[k; tpjpKiwfs;:

xU nfhs; nfhl;rhuj;jpy; xU ff;rahtpy; r”;rhpj;jhy;. me;j ff;rah mjpgjp guy;fs; bfhLj;jpUe;jhy; Rg gyd;fs; elf;Fk;/ mnj
ff;rahtpy; gy nfhs;fs; mnj neuj;jpy; r”;rhpj;jhy; mjpfkhd Rg gyd;fs; elf;Fk;/

xU nfhs; xU ff;rahtpy; r”;rhpf;Fk;bghGJ. me;jf; fr;rahtpy; guy;fs; ,y;yhtpl;lhy; jPa gyd; cz;lhFk;/

xU nfhs; nfhl;rhug;go xU ,uhrpapy; r”;rhpf;Fk; bghGJ. me;j nfhs; me;j ,uhrpf;F guy; bfhLj;jpUe;jhy; bry;tk; bgUFk;/

nfhl;rhuj;jpy; xU nfhs; xU ,uhrpapy; r”;ruk; bra;a[k;nghJ bfhLf;Fk; gyhgyd; mf;nfhspd; Mjpgj;jpaj;jpa gyida[k; ff;rah
mjpgjpapDila fhufj;Jtj;ij jdJ fhufj;Jtj;Jld; nrh;j;J gyd; mspf;Fk;/

nfhl;rhuf; nfhSk;. ff;rah mjpgjpf; nfhSk; el;g[f; nfhs;fshdhy; gyhgyd;fs; ey;y Rgj;ijf; jUk;/

m&;lf th;f;f fzpjj;jpy; nfhs;fspd; cr;rk;. ePr;rk; vd;w gyj;jpd; mog;gilapy; ,y;yhtpl;lhy;. nfhs;fs; ,uhrpfspy; vj;jid
Rg gpe;Jf;fs; bfhLj;Js;sd vd;gijna Kf;fpakhf fzf;fpy; vLj;Jf; bfhs;s ntz;Lk;/ nfhl;rhug; gyd;fis Muha[k;nghJ
xt;bthU nfhspd; gpd;dh&;lf th;f;fj;jpYk;. xt;bthU ghtfj;jpYk; mf;nfhs; ,Uf;Fk; ghtfk; kw;Wk; r”;rhpf;Fk; ght’;fspy;
cs;s guy;fs; mog;gilapnyna gyd;fs; Twg;gl ntz;Lk;/

nfhs;fspd; ff;rah gyd;fs;

$dd $hjfj;jpy; xU ghtj;jpy; nfhs;fs; gpe;J bfhLj;Js;s nfhspd; ff;rahtpy; epw;gjhy; Vw;gLk; gyd;fs; gpd;tUkhW mwpa ntz;Lk;/

1) xU nfhspd; gpd;dh&;lf th;f;fj;jpy; me;j nfhs; epw;Fk; ghtj;jpy; cs;s gpe;Jf;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia mwpa ntz;Lk;/

2) xU ghtfj;jpy; epw;Fk; nfhspd; !;g[lj;jpypUe;J me;j nfhs; epw;Fk; ff;rahit mwpa ntz;Lk;/ ff;rah mjpgjp gpe;J bfhLj;jpUe;jhy;
Rg gyd;fSk; gpe;J bfhLf;fhtpl;lhy; mRg gyd;fSk; eilbgWk;/

3) xU ghtj;jpy; vj;jid gpe;Jf;fs; ,Uf;fpwnjh. me;j vz;zpf;iff;F jf;fthW. me;j ghtj;jpy; epw;Fk; nfhs; Rg. mRg gyd;fisf;
bfhLf;Fk;/

N:hpadpd; ff;rah gyd;fs;;

xU mjpf gpe;Jf;fSld; N:hpad; r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; gpe;Jf;fs; ,y;yhj ghtj;jpy; vl;L ff;rahtpy; N:hpad;
ghtfj;jpYs;s bghJthd gyd;fs;: r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; bghJthd gyd;fs;:
8 fl;rahtpy;

Kjy; ahid. Fjpiu nghd;w gy;ntW thfd’;fSf;F ghtk; bra;a[k; jPa Rghtk;. gytPdk;. bkype;J ,Uj;jy;.
ff;rahtpy;: mjpgjpahthh;/ ijhpak;. ez;gh;fs; kw;Wk; bra;ed;wp kwj;jy;. gpwh; kidtpia tpUk;gj[ y;. Kd; nahrid
Mz;kPfthjpfSld; bjhlh;g[ cz;lhFk;/ nehaw;w ,d;ik. K:h;f;fj;jdk; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
rpwe;j cly;epiy Vw;Lk;/

2?tJ ijhpak;. tPuk;. mjpf bry;tk;. vjphpfis bty;Yjy;. Kl;lhs;jdk;. tf;fpukhd vz;zk;. bfl;l rfthrk;. neha;.
ff;rahtpy;: fy;tp fw;gjpy; kpf;f tpUg;gk;. muR Mjut[. bry;tk; kw;Wk; czt[f; Fiwt[. jiytyp. N:hpa btg;gj;jhy;
mikjpahd kdepiy nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ Ruk;. gpj;j neha;. thapy; neha; Vw;gLjy; nghd;w mRg
gyd;fs; eilbgWk;//

3?tJ neh;ik. mikjp. ew;gz;g[s;s kf;fsplkpUe;J khpahij. mtru g[j;jp. Fiwe;j mstpyhd FHe;ijr; bry;tk;. bry;tk;.
ff;rahtpy;: bghd;. tk;r tpUj;jp. ed;dlj;ij. gFj;jwpa[k; jpwd; czt[g; bghUl;fs; vjphpfspd; fl;Lg;ghl;oy; ,Uj;jy;. ke;j
nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ jd;ik nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

4?tJ midj;J kf;fsplkpUe;Jk; khpahij. Muhf;fpakhd cly; nrhh;g[. bfl;l bgah;. gpwh; brhj;ij mgfhpj;jy;. gpwh;
ff;rahtpy;: cly;epiy. ed;dlj;ij. murhplk; ,Ue;J khpahij. kidtpia tpUk;gj
[ y;. midj;J kf;fshYk;
mjph;&;lk;. g[fH;. midthplKk; md;g[ kw;Wk; njhw;fof;fg;gLjy;. ez;gh;fs; ijtpLjy; nghd;w mRg
gf;jpkpf;f Rghtk; cz;lhFjy; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
eilbgWk;/

5?tJ gRf;fs;. vUikfs;. xl;lf’;fis bgw;wpUj;jy;. nehahy; ghjpf;fg;gLjy;. tpnuhjk;. VH;ik kw;Wk; gak;.
ff;rahtpy;: FLk;gj;jpy; Kjd;ik bgwwpUj;jy;. muR Mjut[. Rg Jujp&;lk;. gae;jh’;nfhspj;jd;ik. gpwh; kidtpa[ld; fs;s
fl;Lg;ghL kw;Wk; bja;t gf;jp nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; cwt[ nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
eilbgWk;/

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl rh!;jpu “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 8 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
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6?tJ vjphpfis mHpj;jy;. bgz;fsplk; md;g[. FU kw;Wk; vjphpfshy; njhw;fof;fg;gLjy;. jPa vz;z’;fspy; ehl;lk;.
ff;rahtpy;;: bja;t gf;jp. mjpfkhd bry;tk;. czt[. Fsph;ghd Vkhw;Wk; vz;zk;. Rj;jkpd;ik. jpULjy;. kj khw;wk;.
tiffis bgw;wpUj;jy;// Jh;elj;ij. mjpf nfhgk; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

7?tJ mjpf bgz;fspd; nrh;f;if. cah;e;j kdepiy. thhpR mjpf bgz;fspd; nrh;f;if. cah;e;j kdepiy. thhpR K:yk;
ff;rahtpy;;: K:yk; brhj;J. mwptpaypy; Mh;tk;. ijhpak; nghd;w Rg brhj;J. mwptpaypy; Mh;tk;. ijhpak; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs;
gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ eilbgWk;/

8?tJ bry;tk; kw;Wk; tk;r tpUj;jp. ey;y ,uj;jk;. gpj;j ePh; gytpjkhd bfl;l bry;fspy; <LgLjy;. ez;gh;fshy;
ff;rahtpy;;: rk;ge;jkhd neha;. mHpahg; g[fH;. Raf;fl;Lg;ghL kw;Wk; iftplg;gLjy;. gpwh; kidtpia tpUk;gj[ y;. jPa eltof;if.
vjphpfis mHpj;jy; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ ghpjhgfu epiy nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

re;jpudpd; ff;rah gyd;fs;;

ghtfj;jpYs;s mjpf gpe;Jf;fSld; re;jpud; r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; gpe;Jf;fs; ,y;yhj ghtj;jpy; vl;L ff;rahtpy; re;jpud;
8 fl;rahtpy; bghJthd gyd;fs;: r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; bghJthd gyd;fs;:

Kjy; ey;y mjph;&;lk;. muR Mjut[. FU kw;Wk; bja;t gf;jp. bkype;j cly;. jPa bray;fs; bra;a[k; vz;zk;.
ff;rahtpy;: g[dpj ahj;jpiu midtuhYk; kjpf;fg;gLjy; nghd;w Rg cwtpdh;fsplkpUe;J gphpt[. ghpjhgkhd epiy. ek;gpf;if
gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ ,d;ik nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

2?tJ ahidfs;. Fjpiufs;. thfd’;fis bgw;wpUj;jy;. bfl;l bgah;. g[j;jpf;Th;ik Fiwjy;. fLikahd neha;. thjk;
ff;rahtpy;: tpiya[ah;e;j ,uj;jpd fw;fs; bgw;wpUj;jy;. kfpH;r;rp. kw;Wk; fg nehahy; ghjpf;fg;gLjy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
ijhpak;. md;g[ nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ eilbgWk;/

3?tJ ehzak;. gy;ntW kjr;rl’;Ffspy; g’;nfw;wy;. ey;y muR gak;. mjpf brytPdk;. fLikahd neha;. thjk; kw;Wk;
ff;rahtpy;: Fzk;. mgptpUj;jp. cwtpdh;fsplkpUe;J khpahij fg nehahy; ghjpf;fg;gLjy; nghd;w mRg gd;fs; eilbgWk;/
nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

4?tJ khpahij. bgUk;g[fH;. gy;tifahd brhj;Jf;fis bfl;l rfthrk;. ek;gpf;if ,d;ik. kfpH;r;rp Fiwt[. gytpj
ff;rahtpy;: bfhz;oUj;jy;. Fsk;. fpzW btl;LtjpYk;. rj;jpuk; neha;fshy; ghjpf;fg;gLjy;. kJghdk; mUe;Jjy; nghd;w mRg
fl;LtjpYk; Mh;tk;. FHe;ijfs; K:yk; kfpH;r;rp nghd;w gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

5?tJ fy;tpapy; njh;r;rp. gFj;jwpa[k; jpwd;. kfpH;r;rp. a{fpf;Fk; Jh;elj;ij. mjpfkhd vjphpfs;. bfl;l vz;zj;jpw;F moik
ff;rahtpy;: jpwik. bghWika[ld; gpwh; brhy;tij nfl;ly;. MFjy;. kjpg;g[ Fiwjy;. murh’;fj;jplkpUe;J beUf;fo
J}a;ikahd mwpt[ nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

6?tJ mHfpa njhw;wk;. ey; mjph;&;lk;. mDTykhd epiy.
ff;rahtpy;;: ey;y kidtp. FHe;ijfs;. bry;tj;ij bgw;wpUj;jy;.
rh!;jpu’;fis fw;gjpy; tpUg;gk;. muR khpahij.
ehzak;. kjpg;gpw;F jFjpahf ,Uj;jy; nghd;w Rg
gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
btspapl’;fspy; nrit bra;jy;. Jh;elj;ij. vjphpfshy;
ghjpg;g. murplkpUe;J bjhe;jut[. mjpfhuk;. kidtp.
thfd’;fis ,Hj;jy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

7?tJ Kfg;bghypt[. ke;jphp gjtp. ed;dlj;ij. tpujkpUj;jy;. mjpf vjphpfs;. fLk; neha;. murplk; ,Ue;J mjpf
ff;rahtpy;;: vg;bghGJnk brhy; ngr;R nfl;Fk; kidtp nghd;w Rg f&;l’;fs;. bfhs;is. tapw;W neha;. bry;tk;. e&;lk;.
gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ md;gpw;FhpathplkpUe;J gphpjy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
eilbgWk;/

8?tJ bry;tk; kw;Wk; kfpH;r;rp. fw;gjpy; Mh;tk;. jd;dykw;w ftiy. gz e&;lk;. gy;ntW ghjpg;g[fs;. ey;y gHf;f’;fis
ff;rahtpy;;: kdepiy. tpUe;jpdh;fis cgrhpj;jy; nghd;w Rg tpl;LtpLjy;. brhj;J (bghUs;) e&;lk;. bgUk; gak;.
gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ fLikahd Jujp&;lk; ngd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

brt;thapd;; ff;rah gyd;fs;;

ghtfj;jpYs;s mjpf gpe;Jf;fSld; brt;tha;; r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; gpe;Jf;fs; ,y;yhj ghtj;jpy; vl;L ff;rahtpy; brt;tha;;
8 fl;rahtpy; bghJthd gyd;fs;: r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; bghJthd gyd;fs;:

Kjy; epyk; kw;Wk; brhj;Jf;fs; nrh;f;if. fhy;eilfs; bghUshjhu e&;lk;. clypd; gpd;gw [ k; neha;. g[j;jpf;Th;ik
ff;rahtpy;: mjpfhpj;jy;. gy tifahd trjpfs; kw;Wk; Fiwjy;. jPa elj;ij cilth;fSld; el;g[f; bfhs;Sjy;.
nfspf;iffs;. ew;Fzk; cs;sth;fsplkpUe;J khpahij kfpH;r;rp nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
kw;Wk; kfpH;r;rp nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

2?tJ ey;y cly;eyk;. kidtp kw;Wk; ez;gh;fshy; tsh;r;rp. fLikahd jiytyp. Ruk;. N:hpa btg;gj;jhy; ghjpf;fg;gLjy;.
ff;rahtpy;: g[j;jpf;Th;ik. gpugyk; miljy;. vjphpfis mHpj;jy;. md;ghdth;fsplkpUe;J gphpt[. g[j;jpf;Th;ik kw;Wk;
cah;e;j epiy miljy; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ ez;gh;fis ,Hj;jy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl rh!;jpu “hdk;;

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3?tJ fGijfs;. xl;lf’;fs;. gy;ntW tpjkhd thfd’;fs; rpw;wpd;gk; mDgtpj;jy;. cly; nrhh;t[. Jh; elj;ij
ff;rahtpy;: bfhz;oUj;jy;. g[fH;. muR Mjut[. cah;e;j epiy cs;sth;fsplk; cwt[. fLk; gif kw;Wk; njhw;fof;fg;gLjy;
miljy; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

4?tJ ijhpak;. mjph;&;lk;. kfpH;r;rp. tsh;r;rp mjpfhpj;jy;. gy; tiffspYk; gifik kw;Wk; jfuhW. N:jhl;lk;. jPa Fzk;
ff;rahtpy;: tpUe;jpdh;fis cgrhpg;gjpy; kfpH;r;rp. bja;tj;bjhz;L. bfhz;l bgz;fsplk; moikg;gl;L fplj;jy;. njhy;tp. bgUk;
murplkpUe;J khpahij bgWjy; kw;Wk; gytif gak;. e&;lk; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; cz;lhFk;/
yhg’;fs; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

5?tJ g[dpj ahj;jpij. bghd; tut[. bgUk; khpahij. kfpH;r;rp. kfpH;r;rp ,d;ik. bry;tk;. ez;gh;fs;. FHe;ijfs;. brhj;Jf;fs;
ff;rahtpy;: ghjpg;g[fis jLj;jy; kw;Wk; rpwe;j g[j;jpf;Th;ik nghd;w e&;lk;. FLk;gj;ij tpl;L ePz;l fhyk; gphpe;J ,Uj;jy;.
Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ ijhpak; kw;Wk; tPuk; ,Hj;jy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
eilbgWk;/

6?tJ vjphpfis mHpj;jy;. cwtpdh;fSld; ey;Ywt[. ehw;fhy; kpUf’;fsplkpUe;J mghak;. ghk;g[ foj;jy;.
ff;rahtpy;;: Milfs;. ,d;g Rfk;. tpiya[ah;e;j czt[fis f&;l’;fs;. murplkpUe;J bjhe;jut[. jPa eltof;if
cl;bfhs;Sjy;. bja;t gf;jp kw;Wk; bry;t nrh;f;if cs;sth;fsplk; bjhlh;g[ nghd;w muR gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

7?tJ rh!;jpu’;fis fw;gjpy; jpwik. midj;J tif bryt[. gphpt[. gak;. ez;gh;fSld; gifik. ehf;F kw;Wk;
ff;rahtpy;;: ,yhg’;fs;. ,d;g Rf’;fs;. Milfs;. ey;y czt[ fz;zpy; Vw;gLk; nehahy; Jd;gk;. mjpfkhd rpw;wpd;gk;
nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ mDgtpj;jy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

8?tJ thH;f;ifj; juk; cah;t[. cah; gjtp. tpahghuj;jpy; njhy;tp. kuzk; mspf;Fk; ,uj;j neha;. kidtpia ,Hj;jy;.
ff;rahtpy;;: ,yhgk;. k’;fhj g[fH;. tptrhaj;jpy; btw;wp. tpUk;gpa gpwuhy; Vkhw;wg;gLjy;. Ma[j’;fshy; fhak;. Kiw jtwp
bghUl;fis miljy; nghd;w gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ FHe;ij gpwj;jy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

g[jdpd;; ff;rah gyd;fs;;

ghtfj;jpYs;s mjpf gpe;Jf;fSld; g[jd;; r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; gpe;Jf;fs; ,y;yhj ghtj;jpy; vl;L ff;rahtpy; g[jd;;
8 fl;rahtpy; bghJthd gyd;fs;: r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; bghJthd gyd;fs;:

Kjy; ed;dlj;ij. fy;tpapy; njh;r;rp. gFj;jwpa[k; jpwd;. jPa vz;z’;fs;. J&;lj;jdk; kw;Wk; Vkhw;Wjy;.
ff;rahtpy;: ez;gh;fs; nrh;f;if. vjphpfsplkpUe;J tpLjiy nghd;w cwtpdh;fspd; myl;rpak;. bfl;l elj;ij. ehzakpd;ik
Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; Vw;gLk;/

2?tJ cWjpahd epiy. flt[s; kw;Wk; FU gf;jp. mwptpaypy; fLikahd ghjpg;g[. ey;yth;fs; iftpl;L tpLjy;. mtkhdk;.
ff;rahtpy;: Mh;tk;. gytpjkhd thfd’;fs;. Kfg;bghypt[. mHfpa bfhLuk;. gytpj ghtr; bray;fs;. bfl;l bgah; nghd;w mRg
njhw;wk;. ey;y mjph;&;lk; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; gyd;fs; Vw;gLk;/
eilbgWk;/

3?tJ ,dpikahd ngr;R. muR kw;Wk; bghJ kf;fsplkpUe;J FHe;ijfs; kw;Wk; kidtp ,Hg;g[. Kfg;bghypt[ Fiwjy;.
ff;rahtpy;: khpahij. ey;y mjph;&;lk;. mdthplKk; mDrhpj;J mGf;fhd cly;epiy. murhplkpUe;J bjhe;jut[ nghd;w mRg
nghFk; epiy. vjphpfis bty;Yjy;. gpuhh;j;jidfis gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
epiyntw;Wjy; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

4?tJ trPfu njhw;wk;. tpUe;jpdh;fis cgrhpj;jy;. fLk; ghjpg;g[. bfl;l eltof;if. ehzakpd;ik. ed;dlj;ij
ff;rahtpy;: g[j;jpf;Th;ik. ntj’;fis fw;gjpy; Mh;tk;. cs;s kdpjh;fshy; iftplg;gLjy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
kjf;flikfs;. nehk;g[fis gf;jpa[ld; epiwntw;Wjy; eilbgWk;/
nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

5?tJ muR Mjut[. Xa;t[ tpLjp. njhl;l’;fs;. muz;fs; tk;rk; kw;Wk; brhj;Jfs; mHpt[. mGf;fhd cly; nehahy;
ff;rahtpy;: fl;Ltjpy; Mh;tk;. bry;tr; nrh;f;if. flt[s; gf;jp nghd;w ghjpf;fg;gLjy;. gpwh; tptfhu’;fspy; jiyapLjy;. njhy;tp.
Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ flt[s; kw;Wk; bghpnahh;fshy; iftplg;gLjy; nghd;w mRg
gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

6?tJ vjphpfs; mHpjy;. fpuhk kw;Wk; efu kf;fs; K:yk; brhj;J e&;lk;. vjphpfsplk; njhy;tp. fy;tpapy; njhy;tp
ff;rahtpy;;: ,yhgk;. rpwe;j eph;thfj;jpwd;. rpwe;j czt[ kw;Wk; kw;Wk; ehzkpd;ik nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; Vw;gLk;/
Fsph;ghd’;fs;. g[fH;. ijhpak;. btw;wp nghd;w
Rggyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

7?tJ jpUkzk; Koj;jy;. FLk;g kfpH;r;rp. g[dpj !;jy’;fspy; kfpH;r;rp ,d;ik. gpwh; kdtp nky; tpUg;gk;. ghpjhgfuepiy.
ff;rahtpy;;: trpj;jy;. kfpH;r;rp kw;Wk; tsh;r;rp. mHfpa njhw;wk;. jtwhd tHpapy; g[j;jpiar; brYj;Jjy; kw;Wk; ftiy nghd;w
vg;bghGJk; ed;dlj;ij nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; mRg gyd;fs; Vw;gLk;/
eilbgWk;/

8?tJ bry;tk;. rpwe;j Milfs;. ehd;F fhy; gpuhzpfs;. N:jhl;lk; kw;Wk; ntpaplk; moik MFjy;. nfhgkhd kd
ff;rahtpy;;: Mfpait nrh;f;if. kidtp kw;Wk; FHe;ijfs; K:yk; epiy. bry;tk; kw;Wk; ek;gpf;if Fiwt[. midj;ija[k;

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl rh!;jpu “hdk;;

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kfpH;r;rp. vy;yh ,l’;fspYk; khpahij kw;Wk; ,Hj;jy;. jPa vz;zk; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; Vw;gLk;/
bgUe;jd;ik nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

FUtpd; ff;rah gyd;fs;;

ghtfj;jpYs;s mjpf gpe;Jf;fSld; FU r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; gpe;Jf;fs; ,y;yhj ghtj;jpy; vl;L ff;rahtpy; FU
8 fl;rahtpy; bghJthd gyd;fs;: r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; bghJthd gyd;fs;:

Kjy; fy;tpapy; njh;r;rp. ehzak;. g[j;jpf;Th;ik. bry;tr; jPa Fzk;. ftiy. gytPdk;. bfhLu Fzk; nghd;w mRg
ff;rahtpy;: nrh;f;if. rpwe;j ew;Fzk; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk; gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

2?tJ kfpHr;rp. eymjph;&;lk;. midthplKk; xj;Jg;nghFjy;. muR jz;lid. bfhs;isah;fsplk; gazf;ifjpahf rpiw
ff;rahtpy;: ahid. Fjpiu. thfd’;fs; nrh;f;if. g[j;jpf;Th;ik. muR gpof;fg;gLjy;. neha;. midtUk; btWf;Fk; epiy. jPa Fzk;.
Mjut[. gpugyk; miljy; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; Jau’;fs; kw;Wk; kidtp kuzk; miljy; nghd;w mRg
eilbgWk;/ gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

3?tJ ke;jphp gjtp. mjpfkhd FHe;ijr; bry;tk;. ,uf;ff; VH;ik. fha’;fs;. bfl;l rfthrk;. gpwh; kidtpia
ff;rahtpy;: Fzk;. midtUk; eykhf ,Uf;f ntz;Lk; vd;w tpUk;gj[ y;. Jujp&;lk;. nrhk;ngwpj;jdk;. bra;ed;wp kwj;jy;
Mh;tk;. FLk;gj;jpy; Kjd;ik. ew;Fzk; nghd;w Rg nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

4?tJ bry;tk;. bghd; nrh;f;if. g[j;jp rhJh;ak;. gFj;jwpa[k; VH:ik. mjpf vjphpfs;. fha’;fs;. Vkhw;Wjy;. gz
ff;rahtpy;: jpwd;. cwtpdh;fsplk; khpahij nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; tp&a’;fspy; nahf;fpakpd;ik nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
eilbgWk;/ eilbgWk;/

5?tJ muR Mjut[. FHe;ijr; bry;tk;. midthplKk; Ruk; kw;Wk; xt;thik. gpwh; kidtpia tpUk;gj [ y;. bgUk;
ff;rahtpy;: md;ghf ,Uj;jy;. ed;dlj;ij. kj rl’;Ffspy; Mh;tk; ftiy. ggr; bry;fs; g[hpjy;. jpUl;L Fzk;. tpgj;jhy;
nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ ghjpf;fg;gLjy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

6?tJ vjphpfis bty;Yjy;. ew;Fz’;fs;. ey;y cly;eyk;. fz; neha;. fhl;L kpuhz;o nghd;w njhw;wk;. Vkhw;Wk; vz;zk;.
ff;rahtpy;;: FUit kjpj;jy;. kd;dpf;Fk; Fzghtk;. gpugyk; kw;Wk; kidtp kw;Wk; FHe;ijfis ,Hj;jy;. kjr; rl’;Ffis
midtUk; tpUk;g[k; epiy nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; epiwntw;whik. Kotpy;yh Jauk; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
eilbgWk;/ eilbgWk;/

7?tJ FLk;gj;jpy; kfpH;r;rp. bry;tr; nrh;f;if. flt[s; kw;Wk; mjpfr; rsp. fgk;. Ruk;. khpahijapd;ik. ghpjhgj;jf;f epiy.
ff;rahtpy;;: FU gf;jp. rpwe;j mwpt[ kw;Wk; mDTykhd ngr;R. ed; midtUk; mtkjpj;jy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
kf;fSld; bjhlh;g[ nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

8?tJ fy;tpapy; njh;r;rp. tpUe;jpdh;fis cgrhpj;jy;. jiyf;fdk;. muR bjhe;jut[. gjtp kw;Wk; khpahij ,Hj;jy;.
ff;rahtpy;;: midj;Jf; fiyfspYk; Mh;tk;. muR khpahij. mnahf;fpaj;jdk;. mtyl;rzkhd njhw;wk; nghd;w mRg
rh!;jpu’;fis fw;gjpy; Mh;tk;. kndh gyk; kw;Wk; njf gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
gyk; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

Rf;fpudpd; ff;rah gyd;fs;;

ghtfj;jpYs;s mjpf gpe;Jf;fSld; Rf;fpud; r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; gpe;Jf;fs; ,y;yhj ghtj;jpy; vl;L ff;rahtpy; Rf;fpud;
8 fl;rahtpy; bghJthd gyd;fs;: r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; bghJthd gyd;fs;:

Kjy; ,zf;fkhd Fzk;. mjph;&;lk;. ed;dlj;ij. Ra ghtr; bray; bra;a[k; Fzhjprak; my;yJ jd;ik. gytpj
ff;rahtpy;: fl;Lg;ghL. jhh;kPf vz;z’;fs;. kfpH;r;rp jUk; neha;fshy; ghjpf;fg;gLjy;. bry;tk; kw;Wk; FHe;ijfis
eltof;if. kj gf;jp. rpwe;j czg[ kw;Wk; ,Hj;jy;. cwtpdh; kw;Wk; ed;kf;fshy; iftplg;gLjy;.
ghd’;fs;fpilj;jy; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ murhy; bjhe;jut[ nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

2?tJ bgUk; bry;tk;. ew;Fzk;. ehzak;. Kfg;bghypt[. fha’;fs;. kd mikjpapd;ik. jPa bray;fs; bra;tjpy;
ff;rahtpy;: ehzak;. flt[s; gf;jp nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ Mh;tk;/ FLk;gj;jhhplkpUe;J gphpjy;. kpFe;j ftiy. mjpf
rpw;wpd;gj;jpy; <LgLjy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

3?tJ Mguz’;fs; nrh;f;if. ijhpak;. rpwe;j g[j;jpf;Th;ik. bfl;l vz;z’;fs;. FHe;ijfsplk; rr;rut[. m$hf;fpuijahf
ff;rahtpy;: ehzak;. flt[s; gf;jp nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ ,Uj;jy;. Ruj;jhy; f&;lg;gLjy;. Ra khpahij Fiwjy;
nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

4?tJ mjpfr; bry;tk;. rpwe;j Mil. Mguz’;fs;. czt[. mjpf ftiy. Fzg;gLj;j Koahj neha;fspd; ghjpg;g[.
ff;rahtpy;: ghz’;fs;. etuj;jpdf; fw;fisg; bgw;wpUj;jy;. VH;ik. Mil. Mguz’;fs;. fhy;eilfs; mHpt[.
kdj;jpUg;jp nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ moikj;jdk;. bfl;l eltof;if nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
eilbgWk;/

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl rh!;jpu “hdk;;

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5?tJ g[dpj !;jy’;fSf;Fr; bry;Yjy;. tz;o. thfdk;. VH;ik. mtyl;rzk;. FHe;ijfs; kw;Wk; bry;tk; mHpjy;.
ff;rahtpy;: fhy;eilfs; nrh;f;if. tk;r tpUj;jp. muR Mjut[. bfl;l gHf;f tHf;f’;fs;. bfl;lth;fSld; nrh;f;if nghd;w
ke;jphp gjtp fpilj;jy; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

6?tJ fw;wth;fis Mjhpj;jy;. g[dpj ke;jpu’;fis gw;wpa midthplkpUe;Jk; bjhe;jut[. f&;lk;. kfpH;r;rp Fiwt[.
ff;rahtpy;;: mwpt[. bgz;fs; K:yk; ,yhgk;. g[j;jpf;Th;ik. btspehl;oy; trpf;f tpUg;gg;gLjy;. gpwUila
midj;Jf; fiyfspYk; jpwik. ey;y njhw;wk; nghd;w tptfhu’;fspy; jiyapLjy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ eilbgWk;/

7?tJ rpw;epd;gk; mDgtpj;jypy; jpwik rpwe;j cilfs;. muR thj nehahy; ghjpf;fg;gLjy;. bfl;l vz;zk; kw;Wk; bfl;l
ff;rahtpy;;: khpahij nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ eltof;if. ed;wp kwj;jy;. jplkhd nehf;fkpd;ik nghd;w
mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

8?tJ rpwe;j rhJ}h;ak;. kdj;jpUg;jp. gpugyk;. kjr; rl’;Ffis kl;lkhd Fzk;. jPh;f;f Koahj nehahy; ghjpf;fg;gLjy;. bra;
ff;rahtpy;;: epiwntw;Wjypy; Mh;tk; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk; ed;wp kwj;jy;. VH;ik. ghtr;bray; g[hptjpy; tpUg;gk;. ftiy
kw;Wk; FHe;ijfSld; gifik nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
eilbgWk;/

rdpapd; ff;rah gyd;fs;;

ghtfj;jpYs;s mjpf gpe;Jf;fSld; rdp r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; gpe;Jf;fs; ,y;yhj ghtj;jpy; vl;L ff;rahtpy; rdp
8 fl;rahtpy; bghJthd gyd;fs;: r”;rhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; bghJthd gyd;fs;:

Kjy; epiyahd ey;byz;z’;fs;. ey; mjph;&;lk;. ey;y gadw;w ciHg;g[. bfl;l vz;z’;fs;. cwtpdh;fshy;
ff;rahtpy;: kidtp. gpugyk;. cilfs;. Mguz’;fs; mzptjpy; iftplg;gLjy;. ftiy. ghpjhgfu njhw;wk;. murhy;
Mh;tk; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ mlf;fg;gLjy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/

2?tJ bgUk; kjpg;g[. khpahij. ijhpak;. bry;tr; nrh;f;if. jPa kdk;. ghtr; bray; bra;tjpy; re;njh&k;. tapw;W nehahy;
ff;rahtpy;: g[dpj ahj;jpiufspy; Mh;tk;. rpwe;j thfd’;fis cly; KGtJk; ghjpg;g[. vyd g[j;jp nghd;w mRg gyd;fs;
bgw;wpUj;jy; nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/ eilbgWk;/

3?tJ ke;jphp gjtp. rh!;jpu’;fis fw;gjpy; kpFe;j Mh;tk;. bfhLu kdk;. ehzakw;w eltof;if. mjpfkhf czt[
ff;rahtpy;: fGijfs;. xl;lf’;fs; kw;Wk; ,Uk;ghyhd bghUl;fis cl;bfhs;Sj;. jpUl;L gHf;fk;. jPa vz;zk;. midtuhYk;
bgw;wpUj;jy;. cah;e;j kdg;ghd;ik nghd;w Rg gyd;fs; Jd;g[Wj;jg;gLjy; nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; eilbgWk;/
eilbgWk;/

4?tJ tk;r tpUj;jp. thfd’;fs; kw;Wk; gy tifahd czt[g;
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