Draft Handbook Maintenance Guide

Draft Handbook for
Maintenance of Distribution
network, under DHBVN
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
Proper maintenance of electrical systems helps in minimizing/preventing unwarranted breakdowns
of Equipment / lines improving the reliability and generating revenue. Periodical or preventive
maintenance is normally followed to keep the equipment continuously in service for desired output.
Condition based maintenance is the most accepted and adopted concept in maintenance now a day’s
which helps in providing advance information about the health of the equipment to take corrective
action in advance.
As the system is growing, it is getting more and more complex. Due to stringent regulations the
utility cannot afford to have breakdowns in the system resulting in interruption of power supply to
the consumer. On the other hand equipment are getting older and are more prone to failure.
Equipment overhaul and major maintenance are also expensive and need to be planned based on the
condition of the equipment rather than on a periodic basis as a routine.
SLD OF 33/11KV SUBSTATION
MAJOR EQUIPMENTS INSTALLED AT 33/11 KV SUBSTATION

1. POWER TRANSFORMER
2. CIRCUIT BREAKER
3. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
4. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
5. LIGHTNING (SURGE) ARRESTERS
6. 33 KV LINE ISOLATORS & EARTH SWITCHES
7. BATTERY BANK & BATTERY CHARGERS
8. 11 KV VCB PANELS
9. 33 KV C&R PANELS
10. 33 KV OUT DOOR BUS
11. 11 KV INDOOR BUS
12. APFC PANELS
13. ACDB ( AC-DISTRIBUTION BOARD)
14. ISOLATORS
15. POWER AND CONTROL CABLE
16. CAPACITOR BANK
1. POWER TRANSFORMERS
A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits
through electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic induction produces an electromotive force
within a conductor which is exposed to time varying magnetic. It constitutes the single most
expensive item in a substation.
In order to provide long and trouble free service, it is important that a careful and regular
supervision and maintenance of the transformer and its components is carried out. The frequency
and extent of such a supervision and maintenance is dependent on the experience, climatic
conditions, environment, service conditions, loading pattern etc. All work done on transformers
should be recorded in maintenance register / checklist.
POWER TRANSFORMER USED IN DHBVN

CURRENT CURRENT
S. PRIMARY SECONDARY
RATING TRANSFORMR TRANSFORMR
No. CURRENT CURRENT
RATIO 33 KV SIDE RATIO 11 KV SIDE
1 4 MVA 69.98 Amp 209.94 Amp 200-100/1-1-1 Amp 300-150/5-5-5-5 Amp
3 6.3 MVA 110.22 Amp 330.67 Amp 400-200/1-1-1 Amp 600-300/5-5-5-5 Amp
6 12.5 MVA 218.70 Amp 656.10 Amp 400-200/1-1-1 Amp 900-450/5-5-5-5 Amp
Alarms & Trippings provided for Power Transformers being used in Sub Stations under
DHBVN
Ratings of Power Transformers

S. No. Alarm / Tripping
4 MVA 5 MVA 6.3 MVA 8 MVA 10 MVA 12.5 MVA
1 Differential relay      
Pressure Release Valve
2      
(PRV)
Oil Temperature Alarm
3      
(OTA)
Oil Temperature Trip
4      
(OTT)
Winding Temperature
5      
Alarm (WTA)
Winding Temperature Trip
6      
(WTA)
Low Oil Level Alarm
7      
(LOLA)
8 Buchholz Alarm (BA)      
9 Buchholz Trip (BT)      
10 Over Current Relay (O/C)      
11 Earth Fault Relay (E/F)      

General Supervision in 33/11 Power transformer
1. Dirt and Dust: The external transformer surfaces shall be inspected regularly; and when
required cleaned of dust, insects and other air borne dirt etc.
2. Rust and Treatment: A regular inspection is to be done on the external surface of the
transformer tank and radiators.
3. Mechanical Damage: Checks must be carried out for mechanical damage to the fabrications
and associated equipment. Particular attention should be given to vulnerable areas such as
radiators.
4. Check out all Joints for Signs of Leakage: All joints, both welded and gasketted, must be
checked for signs of oil leakage. If there is any doubt of a leak, the area must be cleaned of oil,
using a suitable solvent (methyl alcohol) and sprayed with liquid chalk.
5. Check for Oil Level: All oil levels associated with the equipment including oil conservator
and all oil filled bushings shall be checked. Also the oil in the oil seal should be maintained.
6. After completing all the checks ensure that all materials or tools, used for maintenance work,
have been removed. All clothes and other debris must be disposed of. The transformer
compound should be left in a clean and tidy condition.
7. Silica Gel Breather: In open breathing transformer, the breather plays active role in
maintaining- the transformer dry by admitting dry air when transformer breathes. In
transformers having air cell or diaphragm, the breather ensures dry air inside the air cell or
above the diaphragm. The silica gel inside the breather becomes pink from bottom to top over a
period of time.
TESTS OF POWER TRANSFORMERS

Following test should be carried out before the installation of Power transformer
 Polarization index (by Digital Meggar) or Insulation resistance (by Analog meggar)
a) Connect the one lead of meggar at HV side of Transformer and Other one at LV
terminal.
b) Take the IR of 60 Sec and 10 minutes. The ratio of both the results should be greater
than 1 and less than 5.
c) Repeat the same procedure between HV terminal to earth and between LV terminals to
earth.
d) If analog meggar available then just measure the IR of all three condition mentioned
above. It should me 5000MOhm or above for new transformer.
 Ratio Test.
a) Connect the ratio meter if available.
b) Connect the one terminal of meter at HV side other at LV side to confirm the ratio.
c) If ratio meter is not available then just connect the supply of 440V to HV side and
measure the voltage at LV side with respect to the ratio of PTR (33/11 kv). The
deviation should not be more than 0.5 %.
 Magnetic Balance Test.
a) This test preferably conducted on LV side of Transformer.
b) Connect the supply of 250 volt between (r) phase and neutral (N).
c) Measure the voltage between y-N and b-N. The sum should be equal to supply voltage
d) Repeat the same procedure between y-N and b-N and conform the results.
 Vector group test ( for Dyn11)
a) Short the R phase of HV side with r phase of LV side
b) Supply the voltage (440 V) at HV side.
c) Measure the voltage between R-N, N-Y, B-b, B-y, Y-b and Y-y
d) Condition for confirming vector group of Dyn11 is
1) RN + NY = RY
2) Bb < By
3) Yy = Yb.
Transformer Oil Analysis
 Dissolved gas Analysis (DGA)
 IEC gas ratio analysis
 Dual Triangle method
GENERAL LIMITS OF TRANSFORMER OIL TEST
2. CIRCUIT BREAKERS:
A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical
circuit from damage caused by faults. Circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or
automatically) to resume normal operation.
OPERATING PRINCIPLE
Under fault conditions, current intensity increases multiple times the normal current flow. This
current senses by relay and energized tripping coil of breaker to isolate the system. Circuit breaker
also used to isolate the section manually
Type of circuit breakers used in DHBVN
At 33 KV level
1. Oil circuit Breakers
2. Vacuum circuit breaker
At 11 KV level
1. Vacuum circuit breakers
CIRCUIT BREAKER RATING:The breaking capacity of a circuit breaker depends on
(i) Symmetrical breaking capacity
(ii) Asymmetrical breaking capacity
Symmetrical breaking capacity
It is the rms. Value of the ac component of the fault current that the circuit breaker is capable of
breaking under specified conditions of recovery voltage.
Asymmetrical breaking capacity
It is the rms value of the total current comprising of both ac and dc components of the fault current
that the circuit breaker can break under specified conditions of recovery voltage.
Making Capacity of circuit breakers
The rated making current is defined as the peak value of the current (including the dc component) in
the first cycle at which a circuit breaker can be closed onto a short circuit.
Testing of circuit breakers
 BREAKER TIMING
 CONTACT RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT
Testing Procedure:
 De- energize, discharge the equipment which is to be tested as a safety precaution. .
 Check whether Timer leads and associated clips that are to be connected to the breaker
poles are good & tight.
 Make the test connections on the lines of circuit diagram
 Switch on the power supply to the timer and issue Close command from the timer. Note
down the close timing displayed on the timer
 After recommended time interval (3 seconds), issue Open command from the timer.
Note down the open timing displayed on the timer.
 Now issue Close-Open (CO) command from the timer. Note down the CO timing
displayed on the timer.
Confirmation of Test:
 Breaker opening time should be less than the closing time of the breaker, it should
come in the range of 30-45 ms. while closing time should be 40-60 ms.
 CO- time breaker should at the middle of the closing and opening time.
 Opening time < closing -Opening time < closing time
 Please refer GTP Details of the Breaker for confirmation of the Timing Results.
Inference/Recommendation:
If the specimen breaker satisfies the respective condition then the respective breaker is considered
to be satisfactory. If any deviation is observed from above mentioned condition then corrective
action should be taken with the help of the manufacturer /OEM.
3. CURRENT TRANSFORMERS:
A current transformer (CT) is a type of instrument transformer designed to provide a current in
its secondary winding proportional to the alternating current flowing in its primary. They are
commonly used in metering and protection circuits
Principle
The current transformer works on the principle of variable flux. In the "ideal" current transformer,
secondary current would be exactly equal (when multiplied by the turn’s ratio) and opposite of the
primary current
4. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMERS
Voltage transformers (VT) or potential transformers (PT) are another type of instrument
transformer, used for metering and protection in high-voltage circuits. Typically the secondary of a
voltage transformer is rated for 110 V at rated primary voltage, to match the input ratings of
protective relays.
Ratio test is a routine test of potential transformer, ratio test is recommended during overhaul and
maintenance to check the expected ratio of potential transformer. Limit level of the tests is +- 3 %.
5. LIGHTNING (SURGE) ARRESTERS:
Lightning is one of the most serious causes of over voltage. A lightning rod provides a cone of
protection, which has a ground radius approximately, equal to its height above the ground. The
typical lightning arrester also known as surge arrester has a high voltage terminal and a ground
terminal.
LA voltage rating Corresponding to the system voltage
ARRESTER RATING IN KV
RATED SYSTEM VOLTAGE HIGHEST SYSTEM VOLTAGE
FOR EFFECTIVE EARTHED
(KV) (KV)
SYSTEM
11 12 9
33 36 30
66 72.5 60
132 145 120/132
220 245 198/216
400 420 336
Surge Arrestors installed in the substation are intended to divert surges to earth and thus protect
costly switchyard equipment. Proper insulation coordination is necessary for enhancing life span of
costly substation equipment.
6. ISOLATORS & EARTH SWITCHES
Disconnectors have main current carrying arms and operating mechanism for connection and
disconnection. Being off-line devices, they are normally air break type. Normally horizontal double
break, Horizontal center break, Pantograph, Vertical break Disconnectors are in use in EHV
substations.
The alignment of Disconnectors is very important for smooth operation. The limit switches, the
healthiness of auxiliary contacts needs to be checked periodically. The main contacts are to be
inspected and made smooth if any pitting marks seen. All moving parts are to be lubricated for
smooth operation. The gear mechanism and motor normally do not require any maintenance and
manufacturer's' recommendation should be referred for maintenance of gears.
Earth Switches: The earth switch is a safety device and smooth operation is to be ensured by
proper alignment. The earth blade contacts are to be cleaned properly for proper contact and contact
resistance to be measured to ensure healthiness. The earth connection from blade to earth is to be
carefully checked. All the joints should be tightened. Flexible copper braid connections are
provided and healthiness ensured. All moving parts should be lubricated for smooth operation.
7. BATTERY AND BATTERY CHARGERS:
In substation DC supply has equal importance. All protection & indication circuits enable with DC
supply only. Substations generally use Lead Acid batteries / Nickel-Cadmium batteries for DC
supply. Now a days valve regulated lead acid batteries (maintenance free batteries) are also in use
for substation applications.
Battery Chargers: Battery charger is to be maintained for keeping the battery always charged and
also to supply normal DC load for operation.
Rating of Battery bank along with VA capacity used
BATTERY CHARGER DETAIL USED IN DHBVN

VOLTAGE LEVEL VA CAPACITY OPERATING VOLTAGE
33 KV 150 24 Volt/ 50 Volt
8. 11 KV VCB CONTROL AND RELAY PANELS
A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical
circuit from damage caused by faults. Circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or
automatically) to resume normal operation.
9. 33 KV CONTROL & RELAY PANELS
33 KV relay & control panels are used to operate 33 KV outdoor circuit breakers. It also used to get
all the monitoring information like breaker on /off status, spring charge, local remote status, trip
circuit healthy information, DC & AC voltage related information etc.
33 KV control panels also include relays for protection & master trip relays also.
10. 33 KV OUT DOOR BUS
33 KV outdoor bus is used to connect incoming lines, power transformers, and outgoing lines etc.
33 KV outdoor bus works as the most visual architecture of a grid substation to interconnect various
substation equipment.
11. 11 KV INDOOR BUS
11 KV indoor bus system includes circuit for LT side of power transformer to 11 KV bus system.
11 KV bus includes 11 KV incomer as the source of power and outgoing feeders as supply source
of energy to the system.
The size of the bus-bar is important in determining the maximum amount of current that can be
safely carried. The bus-bar should be able to carry the expected maximum load current without
exceeding the temperature limit. The capacity of bus should also be checked for maximum
12. APFC PANELS (AUTOMATIC POWER FACTOR CONTROLLERS)
APFC consists of a number of capacitors that are switched by means of contactors. These
contactors are controlled by a controller that measures power factor in an electrical network.
Depending on the load and power factor of the network, the power factor controller will switch the
necessary blocks of capacitors in steps to make sure the power factor a selected value. Power factor
reduce due to high inductive load in system. Presence of this high inductive load power factor
reduces.
Generally on any supply system power demand is varying, power factor also varies as a function of
load requirement. Hence it is difficult to maintain consistent power factor by using fixed
compensation i.e. fixed capacitors. Thus under light load condition it may cause leading power
factor, which results over voltage, Saturation of transformer, Mal-operation of relays, Penalty by
electrical authority .
13. ACDB (AC-DISTRIBUTION BOARD):-
AC supply is required at grid substation for various purpose. It includes.
 Supply to ac motor of breakers.
 Charging of battery banks
 Switch yard lighting system.
 Panel lighting system.
 Sources of supply for grid auxiliaries.
Normally a local transformer is used for such type of supply. Also a temporary sources also
available at grid level to supply in case of maintenance of local transformer.
EARTHING SYSTEM AT SUBSTATION

An earthing system in a sub-station is to provide under and around the sub-station a surface which
shall be at a uniform potential and near zero or absolute earth potential as possible .This provision
ensures that no human being in sub-station is subjected to a shock or injury on occurrence of a short
circuit or development of other abnormal conditions in the equipment
Installed in the yard.
Ground mat is provided below ground level. Earth electrodes are driven into ground at several
points and are connected to grounding mat to form earth mesh. All the structures, Transformers &
other power equipment are connected to this mesh by galvanized steel strips (40x5 mm).
Earth Electrodes is a metal plate, pipe or a conductor electrically connected to earth. Copper,
Aluminum, mild steel, galvanized iron are generally used for electrodes.Generally 40mm dia, 2.6m
long GI/MS rods are used
EARTH MAT:
It is formed by steel 75/8 flats laid horizontally at a depth of 0.5 m below surface of ground to form
a mesh of rectangular formation & are welded together. The spacing of earth rods is determined by
required touch & step potential. In addition to earth mat, earth electrodes are used these are also
connected to the mesh. Solid bar risers are welded to mesh and brought up near the equipment
foundations.
BASIS FOR DESIGN OF GROUNDING SYSTEM
 Magnitude of fault current
 Transient Over voltage
 Lightning Protection
 Application of Protective devices for selective ground fault protection
 Type of load served viz. Motor, Generator etc.
GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR EARTHING
An effective grounding system must satisfy the following conditions:
 Provide a low impedance path to ground for personnel and equipment safety.
 Withstand and dissipate repeated faults and surge currents
 Provide ample corrosion allowance to various chemicals to ensure continuous service during
life of the equipment being protected.
 Provide rugged mechanical properties for easy driving of earth electrodes with minimum
difficulty.
 All non-current carrying metal parts associated with installation shall be effectively earthed
to a grounding system or mat which will limit the touch and step potential to tolerable
values.
BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR EARTHING:
 The current carrying path of earthing system should have enough capacity to carry
maximum fault current.
 The resistance of earth & current path should be low enough so as to prevent voltage rise
between N & E.
 Step & Touch potential should be within the safe limits.
 Systematic survey of earth resistivity should be carried out.
 The earth electrodes should be driven in the ground to a sufficient depth.
 To obtain sufficient low earth resistance ,
 The area of earth mesh is increased.
 The spacing of buried rods is reduced.
 Soil is kept wet.
 The number of earth electrodes are increased.
 Earth resistance is reduced by means of Nacl (Common salt), CaCl2 (Calcium chloride),
Na2CO4 (sodium carbonate), CuSO4 (Copper Sulphate), charcoal, soft coal etc.
Method of improving Grounds:
 Increasing number of electrodes, creating parallel path.

 Increasing depth of driven rod (2.44 m is economical depth).Volume of soil contact
increases. Moisture contact at depth also increases.
 Increasing size of driven rod.
 Soil treatment with salts. These are effective up to the soil of resistivity 300 ohm
meters. After that other methods are used. One of the most suitable substance for
chemical treatment of soil of very high resistivity for reducing the earth resistance is
Natural Clay, also called Bentonite. It is non corrosive, stable & has a resistivity of 2
Ohm.m at 300% moisture.
33 KV Transmission lines
In DHBVN, HVPNL is the main source of supply, all 33 KV lines come to substations via rail or
RCC pole structure.
Following conductors have been used
RATED CURRENT
CONDUCTOR MVA LOADING (33 KV
S. NO. AREA UNDER NORMAL
TYPE LEVEL)
CONDITION
1 WOLF 150 532 26.6
2 LEOPORD 130 386 19.3
3 DOG 100 368 18.4
4 RACCOON 80 344 17.2
5 RABBIT 50 251 12.55
6 WEASEL 30 186 9.3
ITEMS USED IN 33 KV LINES

 PCC Pole 11.0M Long.
 ACSR Conductor 150mm2
 33 KV Pin insulators with pin
 11 KV Disc insulators 45KN B&S type
 Disc Fitting B&S type
 Single Tension Fittings for 130mm2 ACSR Conductor
 Suspension Fittings for 130mm2/ 150 mm2 ACSR conductor
 U- Bolt for suspension Fitting
 PG Clamps for 130mm2 / 150 mm2 ACSR conductor
 33 KV Top Brackets / hamper
 MS X Arm (Single Pole) 100x50x6 mm (2200mm)
 M.S. Channel (X-Arm) 100x50x6mm 3050mm (for H pole)
 M.S.Channel 75x40x6 3350mm (for earth wire)
 M.S. Angle 50x50x6mm-2860mm (Bracing H. Pole)
 M.S Angle 50x50x6mm-2200mm (Belting for H-pole)
 Half Clamps
 Full Clamps
 Stay Sets 8' long complete with X-Plat 460mm of Angle 65x65x6 Elbow & rod with
Disc
 Stay wire 7/8 SWG
 G.I. Pipe 40 mm dia 6 mtr. Long for earthing
 Earthing with Earth rod as per Drawing
 GSL 8 SWG
 MS Nuts & Bolts
 Danger Plates (Enameled)
 Number Plates (Enameled)
 Phase plate for each phase set of 3 (on each H-Pole & 4-Pole)
 Eye Screw Bolts 9”x5/8"
 Barbed Wire
 "G.I. Strip 25x6 mm 9 meter. For earthling
 Knee Bracing - MS Flat 50x6
 Catenary wire 7/14 SWG
 CI pipe 250 mm diameter 14 mm thick for highway crossing
 S/C 630mm2 33kV XLPE cable
 End termination kit for S/C 630 sq. mm Cable
 33KV Isolators (630 Amps), with clamps
 ACSR Conductor 150mm2 (Leopard)
 33 KV AB cable 3 Core 185+240 mm2
 End termination kit for AB cable 3 Core 185+240 mm2
 Dead end calm p assembly with eye hook
 Trench (with angle and MS sheet cover) for laying 33 KV XLPE cable in yard
MAINTENANCE OF 33 KV LINES
Normal ground patrolling of lines should be conducted by lines maintenance crew periodically.
Periodicity will be decided on the basis of importance of the line, terrain condition, and proximity
of the line to habitations, forests, gardens, water borne areas etc. and environmental impact on the
line.
During ground patrolling of the line, the patrolman should check for the following
 Location no; type of poles (PCC/Rail pole etc.), location address.
 Clearances of the line, both to ground and in air.
 Availability of all poles and their condition. Obstructions in the proximity of the line
(within line corridor) like trees, branches, structures etc. location wise should be noted.
 Observing the condition of insulators, conductors, earth wire, jumpers, clamps,
dampers, spacers etc., with binoculars, from ground level/nearest possible elevated
level.
Special patrolling of the line should be done after momentary tripping of the line on fault, for any
defects. Defects noticed shall be rectified immediately if this can be attended while the line is live
or at the earliest by availing shutdown, anyway, before the defect develops into a major one causing
breakdown. Proper planning of materials and manpower is required in order to carryout rectification
under shutdown in minimum time to avoid/minimize interruption to loads.
Break down maintenance: When a permanent/semi-permanent fault occurs on the line, the line
may break down causing interruption of longer duration. The faults could be snapping of
conductors, disconnection of jumpers, cross-arms/ pole twisting or pole collapse with or without
damage to foundation. This may be due to various reasons like heavy wind due to storms,
weakening of pole due to aging, accidents, thefts etc.
BEST PRACTICES FOR PERSONNEL SAFETY
Electrical Safety Clearance (Live Metal clearance)

Rated Voltage Safety Clearance (meters)
Up to 33kV 0.8
66kV 1
MINIMUM CLEARANCE (IN M) BETWEEN LINES WHEN CROSSING EACH OTHER
MINIMUM CLEARANCE (IN M) BETWEEN LINES WHEN CROSSING EACH OTHER

11-66 KV 110-132 KV 220 KV 400 KV 800 KV
LOW AND MEDIUM 2.44 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94
11-66 KV 2.44 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94
110-132 KV 3.05 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94
220 KV 4.58 4.58 4.58 5.49 7.94
400 KV 5.49 5.49 5.49 5.49 7.94
800 KV 7.94 7.94 7.94 7.94 7.94
GUARDING SYSTEM
Guarding means safe guard. This is below the line. In case of conductor snapping, it will touch the
guarding wire before laying on ground or will lay on guarding. The guarding is always earthed. The
line protection will operate and will switch off the line. Snapped conductor will not remain charged.
In absence of guarding, conductor will fall on ground and as no protection is operated, conductor
will remain charged. This will cause accidents. Hence the guarding is very essential.
Types of Guarding:-
 P. V. C. Guarding.
 Lecing guarding.
11 KV LEVEL
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER
Scope:
This operational guideline is intended to carry out the fundamental checks on Transformer for its
maintenance and while taking it into service. This requires that the concerned SDO should prepare
the action plan and ensure the availability of necessary tools and tackles to carry out this activity.
Prerequisites:
Ensure that necessary permit has been taken. Feeding Sub-station is responsible for providing
outage and PTW. The working party is responsible for ensuring isolation. Ensure that the
transformer is de-energized, isolated & grounded.
Working party should ensure the availability of proper tools and accessories, safety apparels, spares
and consumables required for carrying out the work.
UNDERGROUND CABLES: the underground cable network of any electricity distribution utility
is a vital component of the LV/HV network of the system. It has a several unique benefits over
overhead networks. In particular, they have:
 Lower transmission losses.

 Can absorb emergency power loads.
 Have lower maintenance costs.
 Emit no electric field and can be engineered to emit a lower magnetic field than an overhead
line;
 Require a narrower band of land to install.
 They are less susceptible to the impacts of severe weather.
The reliability of the underground distribution network directly affects the reliability of the overall
system and ultimately the overall customer satisfaction.
Directives & Checks
Abnormality Causes/ Effect Preventive-Corrective action plan
1. Flash over due to Phase to phase & Phase Ensure sufficient clearance
to earth clearance at cable termination
Ensure core crossing below cut back area

2. Termination failure due to Core crossing
Electrical Stress above cut back area at cable termination at cable termination
3. Termination failure due to Contaminated Ensure cleanliness of terminations

surface of terminations
4. Cable failure due to Cable testing at high Ensure Testing at Recommended Voltage
voltage(DC) (Refer table2)
1. Stress develop due to Improper Bending Ensure Proper Bending radius
Radius
(Refer table1)
Mechanical
2. Stress develop due to Mechanical Ensure proper depth
Stress vibrations
(Refer table3)
3. Stress develop due to Improper cable Ensure proper span length
supports
Thermal Stress 1. Insulation degradation due to overloading Ensure Recommended Loading

Abnormality Causes/ Effect Preventive-Corrective action plan
(Refer table4)
Ensure proper Tightening/crimping of
2. Insulation degradation due to Hot spot at
joints & Terminations Lugs & Ferrules
Ensure Cable earthing connected with

3. Insulation degradation due to Improper
Earthing connections Sub-station earthing
External damage Insulation Damaged by external agency Ensure Patrolling of cable routes
Leakage current through the cable insulation/ Ensure Lug seal to be intact at outdoor
Water ingress cable failure, Corrosion in cable conductor
&Armour due ingress of water termination.
Minimum permissible Bending radius (Table1)

PILC XLPE
1C 3C 1C 3C
Upto 1.1 KV 20D 15D 15D 12D
1.1 KV to 11 KV 20D 15D 15D 15D
Above 11 KV 25D 20D 20D 15D
‘D’ Diameter of the cable
Table 2: Tests on Cable during Fault Localization, After Repair or when Network Modification is done.
S. No Test UG Cable
Phase toGround and Phase to Phase to be tested with 2.5/5.0 KV
1 Meggar meggar for one minute or till reading stabilized. Minimum IR value
should be 50 M ohms.
Each phase to be tested @ 6.5 KV DC for 5 minute with respect to
2 Hi pot ground with other two phases grounded. The cable must with stand
the test voltage & leakage current should not exceed 2mA
Depth of the cable (Table-3)
Voltage Level Depth of cable
LT cable (1.1kv) 0.6 m
HV cable (11kv) 0.9 m
EHV cable (33kv) 1.2 m
EHV cable (66kv) 1.5 m
Current Rating (Table4)- 11 KV XLPE UG Cable
Nominal Size of Cable Current Carrying Capacity (Amps)
S. No. (Sqmm)
In Ground at 30˚C In Duct at 30˚C In Air at 30˚C
for 11 kV level
1 3x95 190 165 230
2 3x120 220 190 260
3 3x150 245 210 295
4 3x185 275 240 335
5 3x240 315 275 395
6 3x300 355 310 450
Nominal Size of Cable Current Carrying Capacity (Amps)
S. No. (Sqmm)
In Ground at 30˚C In Duct at 30˚C In Air at 30˚C
for 11 kV level
7 1x630 560 480 840
8 1x1000 680 580 1070
HT OVERHEAD LINES
Introduction:
Overhead lines are the most cost effective and frequently used carriers for electric energy. Exposure
to environment accelerates deterioration; if this not detected and repaired quickly, some of it will
degenerate into serious problems with time. To increase line loading and increase quality of power
supply, frequent inspection programs is required to locate and repair any significant failure at the
earliest possible stage.
Frequent failure in the Overhead lines can cause extensive damage to the insulator and other
electrical & earth joints which not only interrupts electricity supply but also results in large revenue
losses. Poor/inadequate maintenance in the areas of pole, span length, non-tension electrical joints,
conductor spacing, line stay leads to the instability in the electrical and mechanical parameter which
reduce the life of the line. With appropriate on site actions, like proper maintenance procedure, the
useful life of the overhead lines can be extended.
Scope:
This operational guideline is intended to carry out the fundamental Line Survey / Checks for its
maintenance and while taking it into service. This requires that the concerned engineer should
prepare the action plan and ensure the availability of required materials, tools and tackles to carry
out this activity.
Prerequisites:
Ensure that necessary permit has been taken from feeding sub-station officer who is responsible for
providing outage and PTW.
The Operating personnel is responsible for ensuring de-energization, isolation and properly
grounding the network where the activity has to be carried out.
Properly Grounding means
 All conductor of the isolated working zones, should be shorted with earth by shorting
links at both ends.
 The end of the shorting links which are to be connected with conductor & earth terminal
should be fitted with crocodile clip. (Presently all conductor are shorted with safety
chain without earth.A thin layer of Aluminium oxide form on conductor as it expose in
air which behaves like insulator. Due to small surface contact area by the safety chain
&conductor may cause high resistance at the chain contact point causing unusual
behavior. Shorting links should Better performance than safety chain)
 If there be any branch line within the working zones, should be isolated/all conductor to
be shorted in similar manner.
 If there be any DT within the working zones, the G.O (Gang Operated Switch) of all
DT’s should be OFF to avoid any back feeding from downstream.
 During fixing the crocodile clip of shorting links to the conductor, it should be careful :
 Before connection the shorting clip to the conductor, the earthing terminal of
the shorting clip should be earth.
 Before connecting the shorting clip to a conductor, it (conductor) should be
earth by earth stick & holding the earth stick on the said conductor, the
crocodile clip of shorting links should be fastened with the conductor by
wearing safety gloves & then the earth stick to be removed. Repetition of the
same process of other too conductors must also be ensured.
The Working personnel should ensure the availability of proper tools and accessories, safety
apparels, spares and consumables required for carrying out the work.
Clearance
LV 11 KV
Minimum clearances from any accessible point
The vertical clearance from the highest point 2.5 m 3.7 m
The horizontal clearance from the nearest point 1.2 m 1.2 m
Minimum Ground Clearance
Across the street 5.8 m 6.1 m
Along the street 5.5 m 5.8 m
Line erected elsewhere 4.6m 4.6m
Line with Insulated Conductor 4m 4m
Line crossing 11 KV & LT line 2.4 m
Current carrying capacity of conductor

Current currying
Size of conductor
capacity in Amp
Dog (100 sqmm/ 1 SWG) 312
Raccoon (80 sqmm/3 SWG) 297
Rabbit (50 sqmm/ 6SWG) 247
Weasel (30 sqmm/ 8 SWG) 114
Maintenance Activity:
General Maintenance
Check visually, the condition of Pole base & alignment of pole. If the pole tilted, should be
straighten & rammed the pole base with brick bats after digging the earth around the pole base. If
any bend occurred at the mid of the pole, has to be changed & pole to be erected as per drawing
attached.
Check visually the condition of existing stay
 Check the Condition & size of GI wire. It should be 7/10 SWG.
 Check the Condition of Guy/Egg Insulator, if any damage or missing observed, should
be fix/replace.
 Check the Condition of tension screw, if any damage observed , it has to be changed
otherwise to tighten the turn buckle ,if required
 Check the condition of anchor hook
Check visually the Line Hardware
 Condition of Disc Insulator, if there is any crack, flash mark on the surface of the disc,
disc should to be change.
 Condition of strain clamp of disc insulator, If any crack or flash mark on surface, it has
to be change.
 Condition of Pin insulator, if there be any flash mark on the insulator surface, it has to
be change otherwise check the tightness with the spindle.
 Condition of Pin insulator spindle, if any damage or bend, to be change otherwise check
the tightness of the fixing nuts.
 Condition of Top hamper; if any tilt observed at top hamper, it has to be straight or any
damage occurred to the metal part, it is to be change, otherwise check the tightness of
fixing nuts bolts.
 Condition of the V-arm. if any damage occurred on V-arm or on the fixing clamp, it is
to be changed otherwise check the tightness of the fixing Nuts, bolts
 Condition of channel-arm, if any damage occurred on channel-arm or on the fixing
clamp, it is to be changed otherwise check the tightness of the fixing Nuts, bolts.
 All metal part to be painted by Primer &Aluminium paint for increasing the durability of
life span. Further all metal parts on the pole of line should be connected to proper earth.
 Visual inspection of bare conductor -if any damage occurred on the conductor, it is to be
replaced the damaged portion by same conductor with sleeve joint & the joint is limited
to maximum 2 nos.per span. If any loose, conductor to be re-sagged from section to
section. Also maintain spacing between the conductors.,
 Span length should be maximum 40 meter for urban & rural residential area & 60 meter
for rural field area if the length larger than above so mid pole to be provided.
 Line should be sectioned at every 4/5 span apart.
Components of an Overhead 11 KV (H.T.) Line of O/H Lines
1. Reinforced cement concrete poles (R.C.C. Poles)
2. Double pole structure
3. Cross – arms
4. Line conductors
5. Pin-type insulators
6. Strain insulators
7. Earth wires
8. Angle iron for earth wire
9. Hooks for earth wire
10. Top hamper
11. Stay wire
12. Stay insulators
13. Anchor rod
14. Dead end clamps
15. Parallel grooved clamp (P.G. Clamp)
16. Earthing
17. Lightning arrestors
18. Danger plates
19. Anti –climbing device
20. Tie wire
HT AERIAL BUNCHED CABLE
The AB cable network of any electricity distribution utility is a vital component of the HV network
of the system. The reliability of the AB cable distribution network directly affects the reliability of
the overall system and ultimately the overall customer satisfaction.
Scope
The operational guidelines apply to DHBVN& any of Business Associates involved in Testing
& Repairing of Cable faults being carrying out for maintenance of electricity distribution
system.
Prerequisites
 Ensure that necessary permit has been taken. Sub-divisions are responsible for ensuring
isolation of the faulty cable for both ends & providing the PTW. Ensure that the cable is
de-energized, isolated & grounded.
 Patrolling of AB cable feeder may be conducted to identify & removal of unauthorized
tappings before starting of the work.
 Copper Screen of HT ABC must be shorted along with messenger wire at starting & End
points and joints with crocodile clamp shorting’s. So that all conductive paths may be
kept at zero potential/ Earth potential
 AB cable joints should be made properly. AB cable should not be jointed temporarily. In
case of emergency, proper joints must be made the next day. For jointing of Messenger
wire, mid span joint sleeve should be used instead of binding wires.
 The Business Associates should ensure the availability of proper tools and accessories,
safety apparels, spares and consumables required for carrying out the work.
Laying of AB Cables
It may be ensure that AB cable should not be dragged on roads/ footpaths etc. It must be laid by
use of rollers & pulleys. In case AB cable is laid through trees/ vegetation area, branches may
be trimmed to avoid abrasion on AB cables.
Reason of Failure:
Design Snags-
 Induction of high voltage at copper screen.
 Under rated fault withstand capacity of Cu screen.
 Manufacturing defects
Installation snags -
 Improper connection between Cu screen & Messenger
 Mechanical damage during installation.
Correctives Measures for Design snags:
 HT ABC with revised specs. (AL wire screen)
Current Rating
HT ABC (Standard Sizes of Single core cable)
S. No. HT AB Cable Size (SqMM) Max. Continuous Load (Amps.)
1 35 106
2 50 150
3 70 190
4 95 230
5 120 265
6 150 300
7 185 345
Cable jointing Process
Power cables
Cablesare used for the transmission/distribution of electrical power and consist of three major
components:
 Conductors
 Insulation
 Protective jacket
For cables operating at or above 6,000 volts between conductors, a conductive shield surrounds
each insulated conductor to equalize the electrical stress on the cable insulation. The construction
and requirements are specified in standards such as IS7098 and IEC 60502, IEC6084.
The important steps in the cable jointing of medium voltage XLPE insulated screened
armoured cable
a. Strip the jointing ends of both the cables to be done i.e. stripping of outer sheath, armour, inner
sheath, insulation screen, core insulation and conductor screen. Longer end will be 1050mm and
other end 750mm for 33Kv XLPE 3*400 sq. mm cable. Park the tubes 1000mm and 500mm then
1000mm at the longest side of the cable.
b. All the conductor cores shall be joint with the help of jointing ferrule/mechanical connector and
its crimping by suitable crimping tool.
c. Fill up the space between the ferrule and the core insulation and the crimped portion in ferrule
with semi conducting clay, so that it forms a smooth and round profile with 2 mm.
d. Measure a distance of 20 mm on both sides of the semi-conducting tape. Apply stress grading pad
of 30mm width over the core covering 10mm of the semi conducting tape.
e. Keeping conducting layer of core, wrap the self-amalgamating insulating tape so that the required
insulation thickness is built up. Ensure a tapered profile of the tape towards the semi conducting
layer of the insulation, the self-amalgamating tape should be stretched to 2/3rds of its original width
while applying.
f. Fill up the gap 5mm between self-amalgamating insulating tape and semi conducting layer of core
by stress grading pad of 30mm width.
g. Apply semi conducting tape one layer half over lapped about 10mm on one side of metallic
shielding to the other end in the same manner.
h. Wrap 2 layers of self-amalgamating insulating tape, each half overlapped to cover the semi
conducting tape. Stretch the tape 2/3rds of width while applying as shown in figure given below.
i. Wrap one layer of copper wire mesh on the core to connect the copper tape from end to another
over the tapes.
j. Place the black stress control tube centrally over the joint. Starting at the centre shrink the tube
towards one end and then towards the other end until fully shrunk. Apply heat evenly throughout
the process. When completed adhesive will flow from the ends, wipe off excess.
Role of Earthing in Power Distribution
Earthing In Electrical System
 Earthing means making an electrical connection to general mass of earth.
 Earth forms an intrinsic part of electricity System.
 Earthing of electrical installation is primarily concerned with ensuring safety.
 Soil conductivity is an important consideration. Lower the resistivity, easier to get good
earth.
 The ground is more effective conductor than copper wire used in electrical circuit.
 Earth provides the shortest path for fault current to travel.
 Short circuits allows electrical current to by-pass its normal route. Under short circuit,
current follows the least resistance fault to ground.
Reason for Poor Earthing Practices:
 Inadequate understanding about technical requirement of earthing & Standards.
 Earthing has no role to play during normal conditions.
 Lack of compatibility between earthing requirement of electronic equipments & power
system.
 Lack of motivation & importance to engineers for keeping earthing & connections in
proper state.
Why Earthing Important?
Earthing in a substation is extremely important for the safety of operating personnel as well as for
proper system operation.
 It provides safe passage to earth fault current to flow. E/F current flow through the earth
and may readily cause operation of fuse or E/F relay.
 It provides low resistance path to fault current to ensure prompt & consistent operation
of protective devices under fault current.
 It protects the equipment other than live parts from attaining potential. Under fault
conditions, frames & enclosures etc may attain high potential w.r.t ground. So these
non-current carrying parts should be connected to ground for the safety of the operating
personal & other human beings for discharging electrical energy to earth.
 It protects the equipment from over voltages, HV surges resulting from lightning &
other causes.
 It ensures safety of life from electric shocks by grounding all metallic structures and also
avoid hazardous voltage gradients by suitably designing the grounding system. The
potential of earthed body does not reach to dangerously high values during fault.
 It ensure that ground potential rise does not have any dangerous effect on
communication system.
 It plays an important role in increasing the reliability & continuity of supply service and
stabilizing the voltage conditions.
 It has means of discharging feeders & equipments to ground before proceeding with
maintenance.
Attributes Of Good Earth Connection
 Lowest soil resistivity.
 Low electrical resistance to earth.
 Good corrosion resistance.
 Ability to carry high current repeatedly.
 A reliable life of at least 30 years.
 Low loop impedance path of earthing.
Limits of Earthing Resistance
Following are values of earth resistance considered appropriate for different electrical
installation
a) Large HV and EHV s/stns - 0.5 ohms

b) Industrial and Distribution s/stns - 2.0 ohms
c) Medium voltage systems(415 V) - 5.0 ohms
FUSES
A switchingd)device,
Largewhich
HV and
by EHV s/stnsof one or- more 0.5
the fusion ohms
of its specially designed and proportioned
components open the circuit, in which it is inserted and breaks the current, when the same exceeds a
e) Industrial and Distribution s/stns - 2.0 ohms
f) Medium voltage systems(415 V) - 5.0 ohms

given value for a sufficient time. The term fuse covers all the parts forming the complete switching
device.
Principle of operation
The operation of fuse depends upon the heating effect of an electric current. When the electric
current is increased in a circuit due to short circuits or over loads, it increases the rate of heat
generation, which will increase the temperature of the fuse wire and thereby the rate of heat
dissipation increases from the exposed surface of the fuse wire. The final temperature reaches to
such stage that the heat generation will be equal to the rate dissipation. If this temperature happens to
be above the melting point of the material for fuse wire, fuse must have operated
Selection of fuse wire
To select the proper fuse wire to be inserted in a circuit two factors viz. (a) maximum current rating
of the circuit (b) current rating of the smallest size of wire of accessories is to be seen, the fuse wire
inserted should be of size so that when the current with reference to factors (a) and (b) is increased, it
should blow out. The type of wire to be selected to use as a fuse wire depends upon the type of load
connected to the circuit i.e. steady load and fluctuating loads. The steady load covers the heating
loads and the fluctuating load consists of motor, capacitor and transformer loads, all of which take
transient over current when they are switched into the circuit. In steady load circuits, the fuse forms
only the protection part of the circuit. Therefore, the fuse rating should be equal to or next greater
than the ratings of the smallest cable used in the circuit. But if a number of fuse wires are run in
parallel to augment the rating of fuse, total rating should not be equal to the product of rating of and
strand and number of strands used. In fluctuating load circuits, fuse should allow the short time over
current to flow without blowing. For this, it is necessary to select fuses of rated current greater than
that of the cable of the circuit. The fuse wire should always be inserted in live wires or phase of the
circuit, or otherwise even if the fuse blows out, the faulty circuit will be fade and would cause
considerable damage in case of leakage fault.
LT UNDERGROUND CABLES
The underground cable network of any electricity distribution utility is a vital component of the
LV/HV network of the system. The reliability of the underground distribution network directly
affects the reliability of the overall system and ultimately the overall customer satisfaction.
Scope:
The operational guidelines involved in Testing & Repairing of Cable faults being carrying out for
maintenance of electricity distribution system.
Prerequisites:
 Ensure that necessary permit should be taken. Site In-charge is responsible for ensuring
isolation of the faulty cable for both ends & providing the PTW. Ensure that the cable is
de-energized, isolated & grounded.
 The workman should ensure the availability of proper tools and accessories, safety
apparels, spares and consumables required for carrying out the work.
Minimum permissible Bending radius
PILC PVC XLPE
Type of Core 1C 3C 1C 3C 1C 3C
Upto 1.1 KV 20D 15D 15D 12D 15D 12D
‘D’ Diameter of the cable
Tests on Cables during fault localization, after repairs or when network modification is done
Test 230/440 V
Megger Test Phase to ground and phase to phase to be tested with 1KV Megger
for 1 Minute/or till reading stabilizes. Minimum IR values should be
50M Ohms.
Depth of the cable
LT cable (1.1kv) 0.6 m
LT Cables Current Rating

Current Rating of AL Current Rating of AL XLPE
No. of Size
S No. PVC cables in Amp cables in Amp
Cores (Sqmm)
AIR Ground AIR Ground
1 2 2.5 19 22 37 37
2 2 10 42 48 64 62
3 2 25 70 78 111 104
4 4 25 63 66 91 82
5 4 50 94 96 135 116
6 4 95 139 144 210 171
7 3.5 95 139 144 210 171
8 3.5 150 184 183 277 217
9 4 150 184 183 277 217
10 3.5 240 252 239 379 284
11 4 240 252 239 379 284
12 4 300 283 265 432 319
LT OVERHEAD LINES
Overhead lines are the most cost effective and frequently used carriers for electric energy. Exposure
to environment accelerates deterioration; if the fault is not detected and repaired quickly, some of it
will degenerate into serious problems with time. To increase line loading and quality of power
supply, frequent inspection program is required, to locate and repair any significant failure at the
earliest possible stage.
Frequent failure in the Overhead lines can cause extensive damage to the insulator and other
electrical & earth joints which not only interrupts electricity supply but also results in large revenue
losses. Poor/inadequate maintenance in the areas of pole, span length, non-tension electrical joints,
conductor spacing, pole stay leads to the instability in the electrical and mechanical parameter
which reduce the life of the line. With appropriate on site actions, like proper maintenance
procedure, the useful life of the overhead lines can be extended.
Scope
This operational guideline is intended to carry out the fundamental Line Survey / Checks for its
maintenance and while taking it into service. This requires that the concerned engineer should
prepare the action plan and ensure the availability of required materials, tools and tackles to carry
out this activity.
Prerequisites:
 Ensure that necessary permit has been taken from SDO/JUNIOR ENGINEER who is
responsible for providing outage and PTW.
 The PTW has to transfer to Working personnel after ensuring de-energization, isolation
and properly grounding the network where the activity has to carry out.
 The Working personnel should ensure the availability of proper tools and accessories,
safety apparels, spares and consumables required for carrying out the work.
 Clearance
Minimum clearances from any accessible point

1 The vertical clearance from the highest point 2.5 m
2 The horizontal clearance from the nearest point 1.2 m
Minimum Ground Clearance
1 Across the street 5.8 m
2 Along the street 5.5 m
3 Line erected elsewhere (Bare) 4.6 m
4 Line erected elsewhere (Insulated) 4m
5 Line crossing 11 KV & LT line 2.4m
Maintenance Activity
General Maintenance
 Check visually, the condition of Pole base & alignment of pole. If the pole is tilted,
should be straighten & rammed the pole base with brick bats after digging the earth
around the pole base. If any bend occurred at the mid of the pole, should be changed &
new pole to be erected.
 Check visually the condition of existing stay
 Check the Condition & size of GI wire. It should be 7/10 SWG.
 Check the Condition of Guy/Egg Insulator-if any damage observed or is missing, it
should be fixed/replaced.
 Check the Condition of tension screw-if any damage observed, it has to be changed.
Tighten the turn buckle if required.
 Check the condition of anchor hook.
 Check visually the Line Hardware
 Condition of Shackle Insulator-if there is any crack, flash mark on the surface of the
insulator, it should be changed.
 Condition of Pin insulator spindle- if any damage or bend happened, it needs to be
changed. Check the tightness of the fixing nuts.
 Condition of Top hamper- if any tilt observed at top hamper or any damage occurred to
the metal part, it has to be change. Check the tightness of fixing nuts bolts.
 Condition of the Double line X-arm. if any damage occurred on X-arm or on the fixing
clamp, it has to be changed. Check the tightness of the fixing Nuts, bolts
 All metal parts to be painted by Primer &Aluminium paint for increasing the durability
& life span of the same.
 Visual inspection of bare conductor -if any damage occurred on the conductor, it to be
replaced with the same conductor through sleeve joint & the nos. of joint is limited to
maximum 2 per span.
 Use of Line Spacer to avoid fall of snapped conductor to ground & also maintaining
equal conductor spacing.
 Span length should be maximum 40 m. If the length longer than it, a mid span pole
should be provided.
 Line should be sectioned at every 4/5 span, if more, it should be reduced to 4/5 span.
 Visual inspection of Earthing should be carried out. If any damage occurred on GI wire,
it has to be replaced with a new complete earth electrode. If there is any joint observed
at earth wire, either the wire or the complete earth electrode has to be changed. Also,
tighten all joints on earth set. Resistance value of earth shall be measured &It’s value
would be < 1 Ohm.
 Visual inspection of Earth wire- if any damage/broken happened, it would be re-drawn
by 4 SWG GI wire.
 Inspection of Joints – Jumpering should be done by same conductor & will be jointed by
suitable C-wedge connector. Mid span joint has to be done by Suitable Sleeves & the
joint is limited to 2 no per span.
 Cable mounting on OH feeder-The cable should be mounted on pole structure through
GI pipe and must be mounted with clamps/STP. Cable be taken upto top of line and
jumper at cable end be through properly crimped lugs and fitted with C-wedge
connector with line.
 Service line should be limited to 8 nos.perpole,if the above exceeds the latest instruction
followed by DHBVNsalescircular.
 During connection of service cable with the distribution box, the cable/conductor surface
(after opening the insulation) should be cleaned properly and should apply anti corrosive
grease before termination on distribution box.
 Configuration of line
LT ARIAL BUNCHED CABLE (ABC)
The AB cable network of any electricity distribution utility is a vital component of the LV network
of the system. The reliability of the AB cable distribution network directly affects the reliability of
the overall system and ultimately the overall customer satisfaction.
Laying of AB Cables
It may be ensure that AB cable should not be dragged on roads/ footpaths etc. It must be laid by use
of rollers & pulleys. In case the AB cable is laid through trees/ vegetation area, branches may be
trimmed to avoid abrasion on AB cables. OH distribution box (3-Φ /1-Φ) should be mounted on
pole for giving service connection. Incoming cable of suitable size for Distribution box should be
jointed with ABC by Mini wedge connector/IPC.
LT ABC (Values as per IS : 6474 – 71 & IS : 7098(1) 88 )
Clearly checking the phase of cable 1 line for R phase, 2 line for Y phase and 3 for B phase.
S. No LT AB Cable Size Current Rating @ 40 deg C
1 3x150+1x120 Sqmm 273A
2 3x95+1x95 Sqmm 235A
3 3x70 +1x70 Sqmm 190A
4 3x50 +1x35 Sqmm 149A
5 3x25 +1x25 Sqmm 99A
6 3x16 +1x25 Sqmm 60A
LT FUSE BOARD
LT fuse board shall be installed on One Pole for Plinth/Pole Mounted DT/H-Pole of the ratings
required at site. Insulated cable from LV side of DTs shall be connected to one side of fuse board
through proper size lug/thimble.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Regular Trainings/Seminars shall be organized for field staffs as a part of policy for
improving the capabilities for maintenance of distribution network.
2. Frequently breakdown of feeders shall be thoroughly checked for analyzing the reason of
fault and action shall be taken for minimizing the breakdown.
3. JE/SDO should maintain the Log Book of breakdowns in his area and all the details of
breakdowns must be recorded.
4. Phase balancing of feeders shall be regularly carried out as the balanced distribution
network have less interruptions, no heating of any one conductor and ageing/breaking of
conductors shall be minimized. A balanced network has less technical losses than an un-
balanced network.
5. Analysis of weak and strong area of every sub-division on the basis of data recorded in Log
Book, shall be carried out. After ascertaining the reason of weak area, action should be
taken to make it a strong area.
6. Reasons should be identified for frequent breakdowns of following equipments and
immediate action should be taken: -
 Distribution Transformers
 Line conductors
 U/G cables
 Jumpers
 Insulators
 Overloading of any feeder
7. Tree trimming shall be done on regular basis and the same should be taken as a preventive
maintenance.
Various Faults / Point of concern with Probable Causes and Remedial Actions
Probable Cause of Fault /
S. No. Fault / Point of Concern Remedial Action
Point of Concern
1. Plan for Flashed /Punctured
or broken insulators
checking and replacement.
1. Flashed /Punctured or
2. Plan for Jumper Repairing,
broken insulators
either of same conductor
2. Damaged jumper/Conductor
size or next higher size of
3. Fault due to Tree Contact
Overhead Conductor conductor size.
1 4. Faults due to Birds
Faults 3. Plan for Tree Pruning /
5. Fault due to Cracked Pole
Trimming by using Tree
6. Improper Earthing
pruner instrument.
7. Unwanted wire b/w two
4. Plan to reduce Faults due to
phase
Birds by installing bird
repellent/ falpper .
5. Proper Earthing should be
Point of Concern
done
1. Plan to minimize insulation

failure by using proper
meggering instead of Hi-
pot, By usage of HS tape &
end caps to prevent from
1. Insulation Degradation
moisture.
i. Electrical Stress
2. Plan to reduce joint failures
ii. Mechanical Stress
Under Ground Cable by not using sub-standard
2 iii. Thermal Stress
Faults joints kits, by
2. External damage
qualified/skilled jointers.
i. Water Ingression
3. Plan to reduce external
ii. Joint Failures
damage by proper
patrolling.
4. Plan to reduce burning of
cables by proper load
balancing.
1. HT and LT connections
should be tight
1. Defective Bushing: HV/LV 2. Proactive thermo-scanning
& Oil Leakage 3. Earth value should be
2. Condition of Breather & checked during Planned
Conservator shutdown & earthing
3. High unbalancing current connections should be
4. Continuous overloading of tightened
DT 4. Earthing checked and
5. Frequent LT cable faults provided new earthing
Distribution 6. Improper protection of where ever required.
3 Transformer Trippings / both HT and LT side 5. Proactive patrolling, Drain
Interruptions 7. Development of hot spots valves should be sealed
due to passage of time Segregate multiple LT
8. Poor/defective earthing of feeders that feed from one
neutral & body of DT and ACB.
of LT feeders 6. Top fence covering in
9. Birds / Animal monkey/domestic animal
electrocution prone s/s, provision of HT
10. Poor maintenance of DT insulation caps.
11. High rating fuse used 7. Overhauling of the
DT/replacement with
new/repaired one.
Point of Concern
Differential Protection
operation
1. Inter-turn fault/ Aging
2. LT joints & HT bushing 1. Complete visual Inspection
failures of power transformer.
Power transformer 3. Short circuit at in-zone of 2. Rectifying the root cause of
4
Tripping both sides CTs. breakdown
4. IED Failure 3. Stability test of power
5. CTs wiring problem transformer.
6. CT Saturation
7. Fault at cable box before
LV
1. High temperature of oil 1. Checking of OTI meter &
Oil temperature due to heavy loading. WTI meter for variation.
5 indicator tripping / 2. Relay mal-function. 2. Check loading condition
alarm 3. Low intensity Inter turn 3. Winding resistance of
fault. power transformer.
1. High temperature of
1. Checking of OTI meter &
winding due to heavy
WTI meter for variation
Winding temperature loading.
6 2. Check loading
indicator tripping /alarm 2. Relay mal-function.
3. Winding resistance of
3. Low intensity Inter turn
power transformer.
fault.
1. Due to fault in 11 Bus
1. Checking of tripping of any
system.
outgoing feeder along with
2. Fault near to substation or
7 11 KV incomer tripping intensity of fault
very high intensity of fault.
2. Check breaker timing of
3. High breaker timer of
tripped breaker.
outgoing breaker
1. Check Relay’s tripping
1. Due to over loading.
11 KV outgoing breaker parameters for analysis.
8 2. Due to phase fault /earth
tripping 2. Line inspection is required
fault
before again charging.
1. Due to heavy voltage
Failure of Lighting 1. Replace the faulty LA.
9 fluctuation.
arrestor 2. Check other installed LAs.
2. Aging of lighting arrestors
1. Due to charging problem.
Low voltage at DC 1. Check charger at location.
10 2. Battery issues in existing
system 2. Impedance test of battery
system.
Earthing of any one of the Isolate DC supply at every
DC leakage at terminal with ground it may section and check DC leakage
11
substation occur at yard's equipment of in in system and rectified the
VCBs same.
1. Check earthing resistance at
Poor earthing at grid Due to aging / Soil condition
12 every pit of yards & neutral
substation & improper installation
of transformer.
Point of Concern
2. In case of poor earthing go
for parallel earthing concept
and connect it with old
earthing PIT.
Distribution transformer failure analysis & corrective actions.
1. Defective Bushing: HV/LV & Oil Leakage
CORRECTIVE ACTION & PREVENTIVE ACTION:
Check bushings for cracks, chippings, over heating marks, flashover marks, replace the effected bushing.
 Oil leakages if any then keep an eye on
a. tightness of nuts
b. tightness of oil seal caps/replace oil seal & gasket if required
 Don’t apply M-seal or other material on HV/LV bushing to stop oil leakage as this may causing
flashover.
 Check the HT/LT rod and replace if required.
OIL LEAKAGE FROM TOP PLATE
 Oil leakage from top plate can be attended by tightening nuts & bolts diagonally
 Replace gasket if required.
2. Condition of Breather & Conservator

Poor condition of breather like cracks on its body, improper coupling of Cup, absence of oil in
cup cause rust formed due to moisture ingress through breather
BREATHER
 Moisturized (Pink) Silica gel should be replaced with new / re activated (blue) Silica Gel.
 In case of new Breather, ensure to remove seal from breathing hole of oil cup.
 Re-activation of used silica gel to avoid excessive consumptions
 After filling silica gel, Breather should be tight properly.
 Pour oil in Breather oil cup, if required.
 Breather should be tightly fixed to breather pipe.
 Due to improper coupling of breather bottle and flange, breathing points may be formed,
thereby creating a passage for moisture, which leads to condensation and rusting of the
conservator tank from inside.
 During maintenance , the breather size and type to be checked & non transparent breather
should be replaced by transparent breather of recommended size as below:
 < 400 KVA- 0.5 Kg
 > 400 -990 KVA- 1 Kg
CONSERVATOR & OIL
 Oil sample for BDV test should be taken in proper oil sample bottle. In case of low BDV
value take necessary action.
 Check the cap and surface of conservator tank for rusting/holes.
 Check oil level from oil gauge.
 Oil topping should be done if required.
 Check Oil Gauge for leakage.
Explosion Vent Diaphragm
 Check the Diaphragm, if it is torn then replace it by a new one
3. High unbalancing current :
Higher unbalance current cause rise in winding temperature. This overheating of winding may
damage the inter-winding insulation level and so as to distribution transformer failure.
 Monthly load recording and balancing of DT as well as LT feeders.
 Unbalance Current should not exceed 10% of Full Load/ Running Load.
4. Continuous overloading of DT
Distribution Transformers are generally not recommended for continuous overloading. However
overloading for a short duration cannot be avoided. It is one of the prime responsibilities of the
utilities to keep a check on the loading of a transformer and should record the loading Patton on a
history card. In case of overloading the additional loss generates more heat, which effects the
burning of winding insulation, causing ultimate failure of the transformer.
 Transfer the load to nearby DT (If possible)
 Augment or swap the overloaded DT
 Provide additional DT.
5. Frequent LT cable faults
More the cable faults, more the fault current travels towards the transformer.
 Replace sick cables and reduce length of LT feeders
 Tree trimming should be done to avoid transient faults.
6. Improper protection of both HT and LT side
Improper protection system always invites the risk of damage of equipment. As Distribution
Transformers are one of Costliest & vital part of Distribution System, Special care must be
taken while selecting switching & protecting devices. Preferably at HT Side Ring Main unit
(RMU) / breaker should be used with appropriate Protective Relays in case of small DTs Drop
down Fuses (DD fuses) of appropriate ratings can also be used. At LT Side of Distribution
Transformers Appropriate rating of ACBs / MCCBs can be used.
In case of absence of proper protecting devices or installation of improper Rating / Size of fuses
the risk of DT failure became very high. This could be the due to:
 Installation of RMU / Breakers with defective / inappropriate Relay or relay setting
 Installation of inappropriate Rating / Size of fuses
 Consistent overloading.
 Lightning Arrestors (LAs) are not installed.
 Inappropriate Earthing of DT / Neutral / Las
 Get relay setting checked from M&P department
 replace defective LT Fuse Board/ LT ACB
 Segregate multiple LT feeders that feed from one LT fuse Board
7. Development of hot spots due to passage of time
Development of Hot spots in the system are mainly due to Loose nut bolt connection at HT/LT side,
Improper Lugs crimping, underrated wires & nut bolts, improper alignment of blades of G.O switch,
loose binding of conductor etc . Prolonged Hot spots causes breakdown the system which further
loss of reliability & revenue. Also it will make the equipment deteriorated day by day.
 HT and LT connections should be tight.
 Proper size of lugs & nut bolts should be used.
 Proactive thermo-scanning and urgent compliance to the observations should be done.
 Proper crimping of lugs should be carried out. Minimum 3-4 crimping required for each
lugs
8. Poor/defective earthing of neutral & body of DT and of LT feeders
In electricity supply systems, an earthing system or grounding system is circuitry which connects
parts of the electric circuit with the ground, thus defining the electric potential of the conductors
relative to the Earth's conductive surface.
Poor earthing of neutral will not allowed to pass the fault/ unbalance current though the ground.
 Check earthing of DT neutral & body, Fence, LT/HT frames.
 Earth resistance values must be below 1Ω. If the test values are greater than 1Ω, then new
earthing must be provided as soon as possible.
 Proper earthing of LT feeder should be checked & provided new earthings where ever
required.
 Total 5 earthings should exist in pole mount DT.
 2 for DT neutral
 1 body & fence for DT
 2 for LA.
Earth value should be checked during planned shut down and earthing connections should be
tightened.
9. Cat/monkey electrocution
In many case, unnecessary trippings and DT bushings failures noticed due to Cat/ Monkey/ Birds
electrocution.
 Top covering of fence of monkey/domestic animal prone substation.
 Provision of HT insulation caps
10. Poor maintenance of DT
Transformer failure can also stem from poor O&M practices. For example, in addition to normal full
load, continuous over-heating and higher no-load losses may reduce the life of the transformer due to
reduction in the life of insulating papers, oil, etc. Other improper O&M practices leading to
transformer failure are mentioned below:
 Negligence to Low BDV value of oil.
 Negligence to Megger process & its results.
 Low oil level.
 Non-usage of Cleats at HT & LT sides.
 Poor handling of LT cables associated with DT LT side.
 Negligence to HV/LV connection
 Pre inspection of scope of work to ensure less down time of PSD and material
requirement.
 Proper LT Cable end terminations to be installed in order to prevent it from ingression of
water during to rains which turns in Cable fault.
 LV/HV CONNECTION (Palm Connectors)
 Nuts, bolts & clamps of H.V. & L.V. connections should be tight.
 Proper size of lugs should be used on LV/HV cable as to maintain proper voltage.
 Defected palm connectors should be replaced. (Pitting on the surface causes HOT
SPOT)
 Check HT & LT cable cleats to avoid mechanical stress on transformer bushing.
 LT leads & Neutral earth wire should not touch radiators.
 During the maintenance palm & lug contact surface to be cleaned properly and
petroleum jelly to be applied to avoid rusting and hot-spots.
Power Transformers
Best practices at substation level maintenance
 Note down the temperature and record the maximum daily ambient temperature.
 Check that temp rise is reasonable. In case of any abnormal variation, check the cooling
system of T/F. If the same is not found in order. Shut down the T/F for further
investigation.
 Check against transformer oil level/ temperature. Top up with dry oil, if necessary.
 Check for any oil leakage.
 Check for any abnormal sound or excessive chattering. Shut down the T/F in case of
abnormal noise, for further investigation
 Examine relays and alarm contacts and their operation, fuses etc. Check for relays
functioning clean or replace the contacts if required
 Measure earth resistance of the (a) T/F body, neutral and other body parts, (b) Keep
proper record of test results. (Earth testing to be done during driest part of the season)
 Examine Firefighting equipments and ensure that these are in order.
 In case of bushing -Test oil for dielectric strength Dehydrate or replace the oil, if
necessary.
 Use LT sleeve on 11 KV side
Earthing of panels
 In case of cooler fan & pump bearing all Lubricate bearings, check gear box. Examine
Contacts, Check Manual control and interlocks. Replace burnt or worn out contacts or
other parts.
 I.R. values with 2.5KV rating meggar. Convert it at 700 C and compare the values with
the value taken at the time of commissioning.
 Earth resistance of the (a) T/F body, neutral and other body parts, Keep proper record of
test results. (Earth testing to be done during driest part of the season)
 Avoid leakage/seepage of oil from main tank to OLTC tank.
 Continuously monitoring of DGA test to keep close eye on transformer condition.
 To reduce eddy current, proper earthing of transformer body top cover with body is
must.
TYPES OF UNDERGROUND CABLE FAULTS

Cables are generally laid directly in the ground or in ducts in the underground distribution system.
For this reason, there are little chances of faults in underground cables. However, if a fault does
occur, it is difficult to locate and repair the fault because conductors are not visible. Nevertheless,
the following are the faults most likely to occur in underground cables:
1. Open-circuit fault
2. Short-circuit fault
3. Earth fault.
Following are the main causes of Under Ground Cable failure.
1. Insulation Degradation
2. Joint Failure
PREVENTIVE & CORRECTIVE ACTION PLAN
1. PLAN TO MINIMIZE INSULATION FAILURE
2. PLAN TO REDUCE JOINT FAILURES
3. PLAN TO REDUCE EXTERNAL DAMAGE
4. PLAN TO REDUCE BURNING OF CABLES
Overhead Circuits (O/H Lines)
Fault in Overhead Lines
Overhead lines are the main part of electrical power distribution system. These are used to carry the
electrical power from generating station / Sub-station to load centers/ consumer’s point. There are
several types of faults occurs at lines and there are several causes of fault occurrence at Over head
lines.
There are mainly two types of faults in the electrical power system. Those are symmetrical and
unsymmetrical faults.
Causes of Overhead Line faults
1. Flashed /Punctured or broken insulators
2. Damaged jumper/Conductor
3. Fault due to Tree Contact
4. Faults due to Birds
5. Fault due to Cracked Pole
6. Improper Earthing
Corrective & Preventive Action

7. Action Plan for Flashed /Punctured or broken insulators:
8. Plan for Jumper Repairing
9. Plan for Tree Pruning / Trimming
10. Plan to reduce Faults due to Birds
11. Plan to Replace Cracked Pole
12. Plan for Proper Earthing.
Aerial Bunched Cable (ABC)

Symptoms prior to failure
At initial stage:
In Majority of cases, sparking &Hissing sound is developed between Copper screen & Messenger
wire of HT ABC.
Later stage:
Outer Sheath burnt along the Messenger wire & damage of XLPE insulation due to heat of
sparking.
Cause of Sparking
The design of ABC is such that a substantial voltage induced at copper screen and is capable to
puncture the outer sheath along the messenger wire which is at earth potential resulted in sparking
& discharging sound.
Symptoms prior to failure:
At initial stage: In Majority of cases, sparking & hissing sound is developed between Copper screen
& Messenger wire of HT ABC because of improper connection between copper screen &
Messenger wire.
Later stage: Outer Sheath burnt along the Messenger wire & damage of XLPE insulation due to
heat of sparking.
Reason of Failure:
Design snags- a) Induction of high voltage at copper screen.
b) Under rated fault withstand capacity of Cu screen.
c) Manufacturing defects
Installation snags - Improper connection between Cu screen & Messenger.
Mechanical damage during installation.
Mechanical stress
 Stress develop due to Improper Bending Radius
o Ensure Proper Bending radius
 Stress/ Abrasion develop due to improper clearance between poles & AB cable
suspended on suspension clamps
o Ensure proper clearance between poles & ABC
 Stress develop due to Improper Span length
o Ensure proper span length
o Span Length should be depend on the size of the conductor/ABC cable and
pole height/type to maintain min. Sag & specified ground clearance
o It would be 30-35 m for PCC pole
External damage
 Insulation Damaged during installation due to improper Laying practices.
o Ensure use of Rollers/ Pulleys during installations.
SN CHECK LIST DESCRIPTION ANNEXURE
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 33/11KV POWER
1 ANNEXURE-PTR/MAIN/01
TRANSFORMER
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF ON-LOAD TAP
2 ANNEXURE-PTR/OLTC/MAIN/01
CHANGER
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 33 & 11KV CIRCUIT
3 ANNEXURE-CB/MAIN/01
BREAKERS
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF CURRENT
4 ANNEXURE-CT/MAIN/-01
TRANSFORMERS
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF POTENTIAL
5 ANNEXURE-PT/MAIN/01
TRANSFORMERS
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF LIGHTNING
6 ANNEXURE-LA/MAIN/01
(SURGE) ARRESTERS
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF LINE ISOLATORS
7 ANNEXURE-ISOL/MAIN/01
& EARTH SWITCHES
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF BATTERY BANK &
8 ANNEXURE-BAT/MAIN/01
BATTERY CHARGERS
ANNEXURE-11KV VCB CONTROL
9 CHECK LIST FOR 11 KV VCB CONTROL PANEL
PANEL/MAIN/01
10 CHECK LIST FOR 33 KV OUT DOOR BUS ANNEXURE-33KV BUS/MAIN/01
11 CHECK LIST FOR 11 KV OUT DOOR BUS ANNEXURE-11 KV BUS/MAIN/01
12 CHECK LIST FOR APFC CONTROLLERS ANNEXURE-11 KV APFC /MAIN/01
13 CHECK LIST FOR AC DISTRIBUTION BOARD ANNEXURE-ACDB /MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF EARTHING
14 ANNEXURE-EARTHING/MAIN/01
SYSTEM AT GRID SUBSTATION
15 CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 33 KV LINES ANNEXURE-33 KV LINES /MAIN/01
16 CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 11 KV LINES
17 CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF LT LINES
18 Annexure- AR-1 HT Auto-recloser
19 Annexures DT-1 Distribution Transformer
27 Annexure RMU-1 Ring Main Unit
28 Annexure RMU-2 Ring Main Unit
29 Annexure UG-1 Under Ground Cable
30 Annexure ABC-1 HT AB Cable
31 Annexure-ERT-1 HT Earthing
32 Annexure- G.O.-1 G.O. Switch
33 Annexure- OH-1 HT O/H Conductor
34 Annexure LT ACB LT ACB
SN CHECK LIST DESCRIPTION ANNEXURE
35 Annexure- LT UG Cable LT UG Cable
36 Annexure LT OH Conductor LT OH Conductor
37 Annexure LT ABC LT ABC
38 Annexure LT Earthing LT Earthing
39 Annexure LT Metering & Service Cable LT Metering & Service Cable
40 Annexure LT Feeder Pillar LT Feeder Pillar
41 Annexure LT Fuse Board LT Fuse Board
ANNEXURE-PTR/MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 33/11KV POWER TRANSFORMER
Date &
Name of Grid:
Time
Season
Pre-requisite for Maintenance
Caution Order/PTW No.
T&P/material/PPEs
Safety Cotton Rag
ACTIO
PERMISSI
S. ITEM TO BE FREQUEN STATU N
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK BLE
NO. INSPECTED CY S TAKE
VALUES
N
Note down the temperature and record the
Ambient Temp Hourly NA
1 maximum daily ambient temperature.
Check that temp rise is reasonable. In case of
any abnormal variation, check the cooling
Winding/Oil Temp Hourly 100° C
system of T/F. If the same is not found in order.
2 Shut down the T/F for further investigation.
Check against rated figures. In case of any
Load/Voltage Hourly NA
3 variation, check the TPI.
Check against transformer oil level/ Daily each Above from
Oil level in transformer
1 temperature. Top up with dry oil, if necessary. shift Min level
Daily each Above from
Oil level in bushings Check for any oil leakage.
2 shift Min level
Check for cracked or broken. Replace if Daily each
Relief Vent diaphragm NA
3 necessary. shift
Check for any abnormal sound or excessive
For internal abnormal Daily each
chattering. Shut down the T/F in case of NA
noise. shift
4 abnormal noise, for further investigation.
Check for proper working, if provided. Replace, Daily each

Heaters in Junction Box NA
if found defective/damaged. shift
5
Check visually for tightness and sparking on NA
External connection Daily each
jumpers, bushings etc. on complete darkness.
(Leads/Jumpers) shift
6 Attend it, if required.
Check for any damage and signs of overheating NA
Bus bar and cable boxes Daily each
at their joints. Check for overheating of back
and cables shift
7 covers and attend, if found excessive heated.
1 Monthly
2 Monthly
Check for condition/colour of Silica gel. NA
3 Monthly
4 Recondition or replace as necessary. Monthly
5 Monthly
6 Dehydrating breather Ensure for free air passage Monthly NA
Tight, lid of the breather for air tightness to
Monthly NA
7 avoid entry
Check oil level in oil cup and make up oil, if
Monthly NA
8 required.
Remove oil from dash pot and pour in fresh oil
Monthly NA
9 where required.
Examine for cracks, Paint and dirt deposits and
NA
Bushing and gaskets gap settings. clean or replace it. Check gaskets Monthly
10 for leakage.
Lubricate bearings, check gear box. Examine
Cooler fan and pump
Contacts, Check Manual control and interlocks. NA
bearings, motors and Monthly
Replace burnt or worn out contacts or other
operating mechanism
11 parts.
Lubricate bearings, Check gear box oil level and
On load tap changer NA
examine contacts. Clean/Replace burnt or worn Monthly
driving mechanism
12 out contacts
Check all circuits independently. Check step by
On load tap changer NA
step operation including limit switches. Attend Monthly
automatic control
13 if found faulty.
Check the I.R.values with 2.5KV rating meggar.
Convert it at 70 0 C and compare the values > 50 M-
Insulation resistance Monthly
with the value taken at the time of ohm
14 commissioning.
Examine relays and alarm contacts and their
Relays alarms,
operation, fuses etc. Check for relays
temperature alarm and Monthly NA
functioning clean or replace the contacts if
their circuits
15 required.
Set the rods for alignment and for proper gap NA
Arcing Horns Monthly
16 adjustment.
Measuring/Protection Check for sparking and tightness of connection NA
Monthly
17 CT’s and oil level.
NA
18 Remote/Manual Switch Check for proper functioning Monthly
NA
19 Firefighting equipments Examine them and ensure that these are in order. Monthly
Note the oil level in the inspection glass of NA
Bucholtz’s relay Monthly
20 Bucholtz’s relay.
Check for dielectric strength. Dehydrate the oil,
Oil in T/F and tap
if necessary. Keep continuous record of test Quarterly NA
changer
1 results.
2 Ventilators Check that air passages are free. Quarterly NA
3 Bucholtz’s relay Check proper operation by lowering the oil Quarterly NA
4 Forced cooling system Megger testing of motors(pumps) Quarterly NA
Checking transformer ground connections for
Quarterly NA
5 tightness.
6 ThermoSyphen Filters Quarterly NA
7 Earth Resistance Check for tightness of earth connections. Quarterly NA
Measure earth resistance of the (a) T/F body,
neutral and other body parts, (b) Keep proper
Quarterly NA
record of test results. (Earth testing to be done
8 during driest part of the season)
Inspect all moving parts, contacts, brake shoes,
On load tap half yearly NA
1 motor etc. Clean, adjust or replace as required.
Check acidity, PPM & BDV & compare with
Oil in T/F half yearly NA
2 standard results.
Check Tan delta,,Sp.Resistively , sludge
Oil in T/F contents, DGA test, compare it with standard yearly NA
1 results.
Test oil for dielectric strength Dehydrate or
Oil filled bushing yearly NA
2 replace the oil, if necessary.
Check for sealing arrangements for filling holes.
Cable box yearly NA
3 Examine compound for cracks.
Examine for cracks and dirt deposits. Clean or
Surge diverter and gaps yearly NA
4 replace if necessary.
Check for tightness of bolts to avoid uneven
Gasket joints yearly NA
5 pressure. Replace damaged gasket.
Check oil pipes valves and plugs for tightness
Pipe connections yearly NA
6 and proper functioning.
7 Foundations Check for cracks, if any and setting. yearly NA
8 Bushings Test the bushings with a Hipet bushing tester yearly NA
and compare with previous figures.
Pockets holding thermo-meter should be
Temperature indication yearly NA
9 checked. Oil to be replenished, if required.
Check pointer for free operation. . Adjust, if
Dial type oil gauge yearly NA
10 required.
11 Paint work Should be inspected yearly NA

Check for proper communication of the
conservator with T/F tank by draining some oil
yearly NA
through drain off valve and watching the oil in
12 gauge glass to drop.
Conservator tank In case, the oil does not drop, investigate and
remove the sludge or other obstructions after yearly NA
13 dis-assembling the tank.
Check for leakage of oil from glass side. Clean
yearly NA
14 the inspection glass.
Diverter switches for Yearly or
Check for worn out contacts. Filter oil
tap changer having non- after 5,000 NA
irrespective of all test. Replace worn out parts.
1 arcing selector switch operations
Internal inspection Clean the conservator
Oil conservator Two years NA
2 thoroughly
Mechanical inspection. Adjust floats, switches
Buchholtz relay Two years NA
3 etc. if required.
Non-arcing selection 3 years or
General inspection. Replace worn out parts and
switch of on load tap after 15,000 NA
filter the oil.
4 changer operations
Overall inspection including lifting of core and
7 to 10 years NA
5 coils
6 Major overhauls (complete) of transformers. 7 to 10 years NA
Once in 7
3000KVA and below (once in 7 yrs.) Above years
NA
3000KVA (once in 10 yrs.) once in 10
7 years
NA
NA
Note:Insulation resistance measurement, tan δ of winding/bushings, winding resistance at all taps to

be carried out once before expiry of warranty period and then to be continued as per schedule.
Visual observation of transformers and Reactors by going round, should be made daily to check for
any variations in noise, vibrations and any abnormality/leakages from cooler fans, oil pumps,
radiators, valves etc.
WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE

ANNEXURE-PTR/OLTC/MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER

Name of Grid: Date & Time
Season
T&P/material/PPEs
Cotton Rag
ACTIO
Sr. ITEM TO BE FREQUENC Permissibl STATU
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK N
no. INSPECTED Y e Values S
TAKEN
Check leakage/seepage of oil from main tank to
1 DAILY N/A
OLTC tank
2 Oil leakage from OLTC. DAILY N/A
1 Silica gel breather MONTHLY N/A
2 Colour of silica gel crystals MONTHLY N/A
3 ON LOAD TAP Oil in oil cup in silica gel breather MONTHLY N/A
4 CHANGER Vermin proofing of OSR to avoid moisture ingress MONTHLY N/A
5 All unused wires are insulated MONTHLY N/A
QUARTERL
1 Prismatic oil gauge in OLTC conservator tank N/A
Y
QUARTERL
2 OSR oil glasses. N/A
Y
QUARTERL
3 Drain / filer valves N/A
Y
QUARTERL
4 Cracks / any abnormality in barrier board N/A
Y
QUARTERL
5 Local electrical operation of OLTC N/A
Y
QUARTERL
6 Step by Step operation of OLTC N/A
Y
QUARTERL
7 Electrical end limit (both upper and lower) N/A
Y
QUARTERL
8 Operation of OLTC N/A
Y
Space heater / thermostat/illumination lamp in QUARTERL
9 N/A
drive mechanism Y
HALF
1 OSR relay N/A
YEARLY
HALF >40KV at
2 Oil BDV for OLTC tank
YEARLY 2.5 mm gap
ON LOAD TAP
CHANGER HALF
3 Oil DGA
YEARLY
HALF
4 OSR trial operation Positive
YEARLY
HALF
5 OLTC operation manual/auto/local/remote Positive
YEARLY
1 Complete OLTC YEARLY N/A
2 OLTC drive mechanism cubicle YEARLY N/A
3 Diverter switch tank and barrier board YEARLY N/A
4 Fixed contacts in diverter switch YEARLY N/A
5 Moving contacts in diverter switch tank YEARLY N/A
6 Transition moving contact YEARLY N/A
7 Tightness of internal connections YEARLY N/A
8 Braided flexible/collector ring/pre selector YEARLY N/A
9 Tap lead connection (for out tank OLTC only) YEARLY N/A
10 OSR connections YEARLY N/A
11 All gasketted joints YEARLY N/A
5 years or
after
As per pre
replacement
1 Transformer turn ratio / voltage ratio comm
of any
values
primary part
of OLTC
At the time of As per pre
1 Winding resistance of HV winding on all taps OLTC comm
maintenance values
WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

ANNEXURE-CB/MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 33 & 11KV CIRCUIT BREAKERS
Date &
Name of Grid:
Time
Season
T&P/material/PPEs
Safety Cotton Rag
ACTIO
Permissi
Sr. ITEM TO BE FREQUEN STATU N
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK ble
no. INSPECTED CY S TAKE
Values
N
Examine that switchgear premises doors, circuit N/A
1 General cleanliness Daily
breaker etc. for general cleanliness.
Oil Check oil leakage, if so level be also ascertained. Daily N/A
2
Check for temperature by touch and for any unusual N/A
3 Tank Daily
noise and smell.
Alarms and lamp indication Test the alarm circuit for continuity and lighting N/A
Daily
4 circuit etc. circuit and earthing system.
N/A
5 Safety aids Check safety aids for proper operation/condition. Daily
Check for load conditions on 3 phases, adjust relay N/A
Load Daily
6 setting. If necessary.
Indicating and measuring Check, indicating and measuring instruments for N/A
7 Daily
instruments correct reading and being in proper working order
N/A
1 Auxiliary fuses Check that auxiliary fuses are intact. Weekly
Check oil level in gauges of the tank/poles/oil filled N/A
2 Oil level and gauges Weekly
bushing. Replenish oil if found below normal.
Check for chipped or broken insulator, excessive N/A
Bushing or insulators Weekly
3 dirt film.
Visual inspection to see that equipment is in N/A
Closing solenoid of air
4 operating conditions Drain condensation from air Weekly
cylinder, motor or spring
cylinder.
Visual (or otherwise) inspection to see that N/A
Latch and trip mechanism Weekly
5 mechanism is in operating condition.
Visual inspection to see that solenoid trip device is N/A
6 Tripping solenoid Weekly
in operating condition.
Check cabinet heaters and see that they are in N/A
Cabinet lights and heaters service during cold weather. Replace burnt out Weekly
7 lamps.
N/A
8 Power supplies and wiring See that all power control circuit switches are closed Weekly
Check for external obstructions to breathers and N/A
Breathers and vents Weekly
9 vents and condition of silica gel.
Check whether nuts and bolts are tight and jumpers N/A
1 Nuts, bolts & Jumpers etc. Monthly
are properly connected.
N/A
2 Drain plug Check that drain plug is tight. Monthly
N/A
3 Operation counter Observe and record reading of operation counter. Monthly
Check that breaker can be operated locally and in N/A
Local remote operation Quarterly
1 remote control operation.
N/A
2 Exhaust pipes Check and clean the exhaust pipes. Quarterly
Dash pot Check the working of dash pot. Quarterly N/A

3
Shutter mechanism and N/A
To check for proper working of shutter mechanism
4 trolley alignment for 11KV Quarterly
and to verify the alignment of trolley.
breakers
Check that manual operating lever or jack is kept on N/A
Manual operating device hand and is in visible condition. See that breaker is Quarterly
5 closable with it.
Observe mechanism during general tripping N/A
operations to see that everything is in working order.
Check pins, bearings and latch for wear, binding and
6 Latch and trip mechanism misalignment. Clean and lubricate the moving Quarterly
parts. Check latch carefully to see that it is not
becoming worn so as to unlatch from vibration or
stick or fail to trip. Tighten bolts and screws.
Observe operation during electrical tripping. See N/A
that full energy, snappy action of plunger is
Tripping solenoid Quarterly
obtained. Check plunger for sticking in guide Check
7 oil and insulation resistance.
Indicating and measuring Check for satisfactory operation, adjust where N/A
8 Quarterly
instruments necessary
Check IR value in ON and OFF positions between N/A
IR values contacts in off position. Check IR value of control Half yearly
1 cable with 500V megger.
2 Earth resistance Check earth resistance of body. Half yearly N/A
N/A
This test may be conducted and also check that all
Slow closing test Half yearly
the three contacts are made simultaneously.
3
Adjustment of gap (for N/A
MOCB)& other type to The gap may be checked and adjusted to the
4 Half yearly
check the prescribed items required value.
by the manufacturer
Check and tighten wiring connection at terminal N/A
Wiring connections points. Inspect wiring for open circuit, short circuit Half yearly
5 and damaged insulation.
N/A
Check condition of contacts and refinish with fine
file if burnt or corroded. Check contact springs,
6 Aux.Switches operating rods and levers. Check closing and Half yearly
operating position with respect to main contacts
while breaker is slowly closed and opened manually.
To check for alignment of front door N/A
Control and protection
opening/closing for loose fitting, loose wiring of Half yearly
chamber of 11KV switch
7 opening in 11KV switchgear.
N/A
Insulated, jumpers CT and To check for tightness of connections, proper
8 Half yearly
PT in 11KV switchgear insulation and proper geometry.
Check for overheating and proper connection and N/A
11KV cable connections Half yearly
9 insulation.
Check foundation for cracks and settings. Settings of N/A
the breaker tank may break bushings or cause
1 Foundation Annual
misalignment of contacts or bindings of operating
mechanism.
Check condition of paint. Inspect oil valves and N/A
Oil valves and plugs plugs. Flush out oil and clean the oil Annual
2 tank/quenching chambers.
Clean dirty gauge glasses and connections into tank. N/A
3 Oil levels and gauges Drain out and replace bushing oil if found dirty or Annual
discoloured.
N/A
Check to see that screens and baffles in vents or
Breathers and Vents Annual
breathers are not obstructed or broken.
4
Check air circuit breaker or other panels of N/A
insulating material for cracks and cleanliness. Check
5 Panels and cabinets Annual
condition of enclosing cabinets including hinges,
latches, locks door gaskets and paint.
Clean porcelain with water, chloroethene or other N/A
suitable cleaner. Repair chipped spots by painting
with lacquer such as red clay paint. Inspect gaskets
for leaks, tighten bolts. Check insulation resistance
Bushings or insulators with contacts closed and (Tan delta for condenser Annual
type). Check oil sample from bottom of bushing for
dielectric strength and moisture. Replace or
replenish oil if necessary. Check and clean interior
6 at least once every five years.
Tighten all nuts and ground connections. Refinish N/A
Main terminals and ground joint mating surface, if they have been overheated.
7 Annual
connections Inspect ground cable to see that it is not loose or
broken.
Remove the tanks or drain out oil, so that the N/A
contacts can be inspected, dress contacts, if rough
with a fine file. Check contacts voltage drop with
millivolt meter after inspecting reasonable current.
Main contacts Annual
Frequency of contact maintenance should be based
on numbers and severity of faults interrupted, rather
than a definite period. Check adjustment of gap
8 when required.
Check for loss of temperature damage or other N/A
9 Contact pressure spring Annual
deterioration.
Check flexible shunts of contact hinges for N/A
Flexible shunt Annual
10 overheating or damages. Tighten connections.
Check arc-rupturing blow out coils, magnetic circuit N/A
Magnetic, air or oil below
11 arc chutes, de ion grids, oil blasts or other Annual
out devices
interrupters for proper operations.
N/A
Check contact cross head for misalignment breaks
Cross heads Annual
bends or looseness on lift rods.
12
Check contacts for lift rods or brakes, weakening or N/A
13 Lift rods and guides wrapping and pulling out at ends. Checks adequacy Annual
of guides.
Check for loose locknuts, set screws, keys, bearing N/A
bent rods or twisted shafts etc. clean moving parts of
rust, dirt and accumulated grease and oil, wash out
Operating rods shafts and
bearings, pivots and gears with chloromethane or Annual
bell cranks
other suitable cleaner and operate breaker several
times to work out dirt and old lubricant. Lubricate
14 with new grease or oil.
Observe mechanism during several operations to see N/A
that everything is in proper working order. Check
Closing solenoid air solenoid plunger for sticking in guides. Check coil
15 Annual
cylinder, meter or spring resistance and insulation resistance. Dismantle air
cylinder and clean and lubricate. Check spring for
proper tension and closing energy.
Check for condition of valve, and refit as necessary. N/A
Solenoid valves See that moving parts are free to operate. Check Annual
16 resistance and insulation resistance of solenoid coil.
Check that the operation counter is properly N/A
17 Operation counter Annual
registering the breaker operations.
Check that position indicator is properly registering N/A
Position indicator Annual
18 the breaker operations.
N/A
Check for proper setting and adjust as necessary.
19 Dashpots Annual
Clean out and replenish liquid in liquid dashpot.
N/A
Check condition of metal and hardware. Repaint as
Mechanism cabinets necessary. See that door gaskets are tight and Annual
properly dust and vermin proof.
20
N/A
Inspect fuses of circuit breakers in all power and
21 Power supply and wiring control supply circuits, check in insulation Annual
resistance of wiring with devices connected.
N/A
Check dielectric strength of the insulating oil in the
main tanks and oil filled bushings. Oil should be
Oil dielectric test and filtered or replaced if dielectric strength is found to
acidity test dependent on below 25 KV, or if there is a noticeable amount of Annual
actual tripping carbon in suspension on the bottom of the tanks.
Also check ratio and phase angle adjustments, the
acidity of the oil.
22
N/A
Some breakers particularly those carrying high
values of current have a tendency to develop contact
heating if left closed for long periods. Operating and
closing the breakers several times at intervals, as
23 Operation Annual
system operation permit, may alleviate the heating
by wiping the oxide from the contact surfaces, as
well as demonstrate that the breaker is in operating
condition.
Check tap setting and adjustments at terminal board N/A

to see that they agree with diagrams. Check
Bushing current insulations resistance of wiring with devices
transformers and potential connected. Check of potential devices if changes Annual
devices have been made in secondary connection and
burden. Tighten connections, including potential
24 devices top into bushing.
Testing of oil in oil filled Once in two N/A
1
bushings years
N/A
Cleaning blast tube
Once in two
internally and checking
years
clamping down nuts.
2
Overhaul and checking N/A
efficiency of main
compressor. Complete
overhaul of the O.C.B.
Once in two
3 (The period can be changed
years
depending upon the lead
cycle of the equipment and
manufactures
recommendations).

ANNEXURE-CT/MAIN/-01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

Season
T&P/material/PPEs
Earth resistance Tester
Cotton Rag
Sr. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FREQUENC Permissible STATU ACTION
ITEM TO BE INSPECTED
no. WORK Y Values S TAKEN
Visual Damages & Deterioration
1 WEEKLY N/A
if any
2 Oil Leakage if any WEEKLY N/A
3 Oil Level in CT WEEKLY N/A
6 Check condition of the Structure WEEKLY N/A
All unused wire are insulated in
7 WEEKLY N/A
CT
All cables entry into CT is through
8 WEEKLY N/A
cable gland
Check any abnormal sound with
9 WEEKLY N/A
Ultra probe 15000
1 CT Bushing MONTHLY N/A
2 CURRENT TRANSFORMER Secondary Terminals MONTHLY N/A
3 CT Junction Box MONTHLY N/A
4 Oil Inspection Window MONTHLY N/A
6 Primary Connections MONTHLY N/A
7 Secondary Connections MONTHLY N/A
8 Mounting Frames MONTHLY N/A
9 Earthing CT/Frame/JB MONTHLY N/A
10 JB Connections MONTHLY N/A
Vermin Proofing of CT Junction
11 MONTHLY N/A
Box/Sec Terminal
HALF
1 IR value of Primary to Earth >200M Ohm
YEARLY
HALF
2 IR value of Secondary to Earth >200 M Ohm
YEARLY
HALF
3 IR Value of Primary to Secondary >200M Ohm
YEARLY
HALF
4 Tan Delta <5%
YEARLY
As per CT
1 CT Analysis YEARLY
Type

ANNEXURE-PT/MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF POTENTIAL
TRANSFORMERS
Season
T&P/material/PPEs
Safety Cotton Rag
ACTIO
Sr. ITEM TO BE Permissible STAT N
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK FREQUENCY
no. INSPECTED Values US TAKE
N
Check any abnormal sound with
DAILY N/A
1 ultrasonic detector
2 Visual damages and deterioration if any DAILY N/A
1 Oil Level sight Glass Weekly N/A
2 Earthing PT/Frame/JB Weekly N/A
3 JB Connections Weekly N/A
4 Oil Leakage if any Weekly N/A
POTENTIAL Check condition of fuses & that all fuses
5 TRANSFORMERS Weekly N/A
are intact
1 PT Bushing Quartarly N/A
2 PT Junction Box Quartarly N/A
3 Secondary Connections Quartarly N/A
4 IR value of Primary to Earth Quartarly >200M Ohm
5 IR value of Secondary to Earth Quartarly >200 M Ohm
6 Oil Level in PT Quartarly N/A
Vermin Proofing of PT Junction Box/Sec
7 Quartarly N/A
Terminal
1 Secondary Terminals Annually N/A
2 Primary Connections Annually N/A
3 Mounting Frames Annually N/A
4 IR Value of Primary to Secondary Annually >200 M Ohm
Correct Rating of PT Fuse, up to C&R
5 Annually N/A
Panel
6 Check condition of the Structure Annually N/A
7 Check all unused wires are insulated Annually N/A
As per pre
1 PT Analysis Once in 3 Yrs.
common values

ANNEXURE-LA/MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF LIGHTNING (SURGE)

ARRESTERS
Date &
Name of Grid:
Time
Season
T&P/material/PPEs
Cotton Rag
ACTIO
Sr. ITEM TO BE FREQUE Permissibl STATU N
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK
no. INSPECTED NCY e Values S TAKE
N
Note and record operation indicator reading along N/A
1 Surge Counter DAILY
with leakage current.
Usual inspection to detect cracking setting or shifting MONTHL N/A
2 Base & support
of base of supports. Y
Check that surge monitor is properly connected and is MONTHL N/A
3 Surge Monitor
in working order and shows a leakage current. Y
Jumpers and HALF N/A
1
clamps Check jumpers and clamps for tightness. YEARLY
Porcelain Clean porcelain insulators and arrestor unit shells. N/A
HALF
2 shells and Repair chipped spots on porcelain with lacquer such
YEARLY
insulators as red clay paint.
Check and tighten grading rings on high voltage HALF N/A
3 Grading rings
arrestors. YEARLY
Check external gaps. Smooth off burnt spots and HALF N/A
4 Gaps
readjust spacing. YEARLY
See that weather sheds and hooks of oxide film N/A
Weather sheds
1 arrestors are securely fastened in place, repaint if ANNUAL
and hooks
necessary.
Check and tighten line and ground connections. N/A
Line and Ground Check ground lead for corrosion or damage below
2 ANNUAL
connection ground line. Check ground resistance. See that all leads
are as short and direct as possible.
Operation tests N/A
(Surge
generating To check the general working of lightening
3 ANNUAL
equipment arrestors by M&P Divisions.
under
procurement)

ANNEXURE-ISOL/MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF LINE ISOLATORS & EARTH

SWITCHES
Date &
Name of Grid:
Time
Season
T&P/material/PPEs
Cotton Rag
Permissi
ITEM TO BE FREQUEN STAT ACTION
Sr. no. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK ble
INSPECTED CY US TAKEN
Values
N/A
Check for cracked or broken porcelain and
excessive dirt film and to undertake repair of
1 Insulators WEEKLY
chipped spots by painting with lacquer such as red
clay paint.
N/A
Blades and Check that blades are properly seated in the WEEKLY
2 contacts contacts..
Blades and N/A
3 latches and Check that blade latches where provided are WEEKLY
stops engaged.
Check that switches are properly locked in the open N/A
Locks and inter or closed position as required by padlocks or other WEEKLY
4 locks key type locks or interlocks.
Bolts, Nuts & Check bolts, nuts and jumpers for tightness. Apply N/A
1 Quarterly
Jumpers petroleum jelly on male and female contacts.
I.R,value and N/A
HALF
earth Check IR, value with 2.5KV megger and earth
YEARLY
1 resistance resistance. Check that double earthing is provided.
N/A
Check condition of contacts and refinish with fine
Auxiliary & file if burnt or corroded. Check contact spring HALF
2 operating rod and lever. Check closing and opening
limit switches YEARLY
position with respect to main switch contacts or
travel or motor mechanism.
N/A
To check for proper engagement of emergency HALF
Manual operating handle and further its operation is smooth YEARLY
3 operating Rod and satisfactory.
ANNUALL N/A
4
Line & ground Y
Blades and N/A
contacts ANNUALL
Y
5

ANNEXURE-BAT/MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF BATTERY BANK & BATTERY

CHARGERS
Name of Date &
Grid: Time
Season
Caution
Order/P
TW No.
T&P/mat
erial/PP
Es
Cotton
Rag
ACTIO
ITEM TO BE FREQUEN Permissibl STATU N
Sr. no. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK
INSPECTED CY e Values S TAKE
N
See that battery room entrance doors are kept N/A
Battery room closed and that ventilation to outside air are open
1 DAILY
and ventilation and air is circulated by running of the exhaust
fan
Check charging rate hourly. Check and record N/A
pilot cell specific gravity, temperature and
DAILY
floating
2 Operation voltage
Bulb for dry N/A
3 rectifier Check for burnt bulb and replace when DAILY
element necessary.
Checking specific gravity and voltage of each N/A
cell of lead acid cells. (before and after DAILY
4 Operations charging) (weekly when trickle charge exists)
DAILY N/A
5 Perform leakage test by lamp or (EACH
Leakage test voltmeter method. SHIFT)
Cleaning of terminals, applying Vaseline and N/A
topping up with distilled water. (for lead acid WEEKLY
1 batteries)
N/A
Cell Jars and Check for cracked or leaking jars or covers and
1 replace when necessary. Keep jars and covers MONTHLY
covers
clean.
Inspect plates(in case of transparent containers N/A
only) carefully for signs of deterioration due to
MONTHLY
improper charging. Note quantity, colour
2 Plates and texture of sediment.
See that the separators remain in place and are N/A
3 keeping the plates properly spaced(in case of MONTHLY
Separators transparent containers only)
N/A
Check electrolyte level and add distilled MONTHLY
4 Electrolyte water when required.
Acid and See that enough distilled water and acid are kept N/A
5 distilled water in storage to meet current needs. Check MONTHLY
storage containers for cleanliness.
Check and record specific gravity and voltage of N/A
MONTHLY
6 Operation each cell.
Check general condition and operating N/A
7 Transformer or temperature of transformer or reactor used in MONTHLY
reactor bulb or dry type rectifiers.
Checking all connections of charger and battery N/A
Quarterly
1 Connections for tightness.
Discharging This is required to be carried out as prescribed by N/A
1 and charging the manufacturer in order to prolong the life of Half yearly
cycle the battery.
Bulb or dry See the copper oxide or selenium rectifier N/A
rectifier elements are not operating too hot, this will Half yearly
2 element shorten their life.
Check that sliding mechanism of the rheostat is N/A
3 Rheostat in order and clean the sliding contacts, if Half yearly
required. Check contact heating and spring
pressure.
Check metallic structures/parts located in the N/A
room for corrosion and clean and paint
as necessary, check ventilation system fan etc.
for proper operation to make sure that no Annual
explosive gases are being accumulated in the
Battery room battery room due to excessive gassing or poor
1 and ventilation ventilation.
Inspect concretes base or wooden racks for N/A
2 deterioration. Repair and repaint with acid Annual
Base or rack resistant paint as necessary.
N/A
Check base pad of sheet rubber, or other material Annual
3 Case pad for deterioration from acid or other causes.
Clean acid corrosion from connectors and N/A
4 Inter cell terminals should be lead coated. Tighten Annual
connectors terminals and apply petroleum jelly for exposed
and terminals surface.
Hydrometer and Check condition of hydrometer and N/A
thermo thermometers used for daily and monthly Annual
5 meter readings against spare units held in reserve.
See that the sink, funnels, fillers and other N/A
6 Sink funnel distilled water and acid handling facilities kept Annual
and filters clean and in good useable conditions.
Check still for proper operation, adequacy N/A
and purity of distilled water delivered. See Annual
7 Water still that equipment is kept clean
Complete overhauling of the battery. (as N/A
8 Annual
recommended by manufacturer)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

ANNEXURE-CONTROL PANEL/MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR CONTROL PANEL
Season
Caution
Order/PTW No.
T&P/material/PP
Es
Cotton Rag
Maintenance Activities
Permissib Action
S.NO. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK Frequency Status
le Values Taken
1 Check all indication lamps for working DAILY N/A
2 Check illumination lamp / power socket for working DAILY N/A
1 Vermin proofing of panel and door interlock switch MONTHLY N/A
2 Check & ensure that L/R switch is at remote position. MONTHLY N/A
3 Check fuse / MCB rating MONTHLY N/A
4 Check rating of fuses/MCB MONTHLY N/A
HALF
1 Control Panel Interior. N/A
YEARLY
HALF
2 Control Panel external surface. N/A
YEARLY
HALF
3 Relay / Contactors with air blower (from distance) N/A
YEARLY
HALF
4 All Control Connections. N/A
YEARLY
HALF
5 Earthing Connection wherever provided N/A
YEARLY
HALF
6 Inter panel Coupling. N/A
YEARLY
HALF
7 Multicore Cable Glands. N/A
YEARLY
HALF
8 Check cubicle heater / thermostat for correct operation N/A
YEARLY
HALF
9 Dressing of wiring. N/A
YEARLY
HALF
10 Check door bidding for dust proofing. N/A
YEARLY
Check & ensure that all multicore cables are earthed at HALF
11 N/A
switchyard side only. YEARLY
Check and ensure that relay healthy indication is HALF
12 N/A
glowing. YEARLY
HALF
13 Check that all unused wires are insulated. N/A
YEARLY
At the time of
1 All Protection Connections. N/A
Prot checking
At the time of
1 All Communication Connections. N/A
Com checking
At the time of >50 M
1 Insulation resistance of Multicore cables
commissioning Ohm

ANNEXURE-EARTHING/MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF EARTHING SYSTEM AT GRID

SUBSTATION
Name of
Date & Time
Grid:
Season
Caution
Order/PTW
No.
T&P/materia
l/PPEs
Maintenance Activities
Permissible Stat Action
S.NO. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK Frequency
Values us Taken
1 All Earth pits MONTHLY N/A
HALF
1 All Earth connections at Earth pits. N/A
YEARLY
HALF
2 Check all equipments for double earthing N/A
YEARLY
HALF
3 Check all earthing conductors for adequacy & proper tightness. N/A
YEARLY
Check proper clamping of earthing pipe and earthing HALF
4 N/A
conductor. YEARLY
HALF
5 Check numbering of all earth pits. N/A
YEARLY
HALF
6 Check availability of Cast Iron lid for each earthing pit. N/A
YEARLY
Check exposed portion of earth conductor for Galvanizing or HALF
7 N/A
painting YEARLY
Check & ensure painting of Earth isolator box with Green HALF
8 N/A
colour for fast identification YEARLY
Check that each multicore cable is grounded through cable HALF
9 N/A
gland. YEARLY
Check and ensure that all power cables are earthed at one end HALF
10 N/A
only YEARLY
Check and ensure all multicore cables are earthed at switchyard HALF
11 N/A
end only or alternatively at one end only. YEARLY
Check and ensure that Substation building earth is connected to
HALF
12 separate earth pit / pits and then the same is extended to mesh N/A
YEARLY
earthing in switchyard.
Check and ensure that individual Transformer neutral is
HALF
13 connected to separate earth pit and then the same is extended to N/A
YEARLY
mesh earthing in switchyard.
HALF
14 All Earth connections at equipment mounting frames N/A
YEARLY
All Earth pits resistance for Power / Distribution Transformer
15 YEARLY < 5 Ohm
neutral
16 All Earth pits resistance for LAs YEARLY < 5 Ohm
17 Resistance of earth mesh YEARLY < 1 Ohm
18 Final Status and Remarks

ANNEXURE-33 KV LINES /MAIN/01
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 33 KV LINES

ITEM TO ACTI
Permissi
Sr. BE FREQUEN STAT ON
no. INSPECT CY US TAKE
Values
ED N
Damages/broken poles or for ground level erosion and
1 corrosions where the pole is not capable of safely Quarterly NA
supporting its load.
Bowed or leaning poles due to improper guying or
2 Quarterly NA
overloading.
Poles- Unauthorized attachments such as fencing, aerial wires
3 Quarterly NA
Steel etc.
Wood Poles which are very much exposed to hitting/striking
4 Quarterly NA
Cement of animals and bumping and scrapping by vehicles
5 If the pole Number plate is still distinct Quarterly NA
Check the condition of foundation and attend it, if
6 Quarterly NA
necessary.
Examine if pole requires painting of in case of
7 Quarterly NA
steel/wood poles
1 Correct direction and proper angle of the stay Quarterly NA
2 Loose broken or any other damage done to stays Quarterly NA
Stays Whether stay insulator is intact/whether stay is properly
3 Quarterly NA
earthed
4 If stay rods are corroded. Attend the same if required. Quarterly NA
1 If the cross-arms/clamps/knee has/have slipped. Quarterly NA
2 Cross Bending of cross arms due to uneven tension Quarterly NA
arms and
3 pole top Excessive rusting of the cross arms bracings etc. Quarterly NA
4 steel Cracked or splitting or the wooden cross-arms Quarterly NA
works Loose or damaged bracings. Attend the same, if
5 Quarterly NA
required.
1 Broken or chipped porcelain flashover marks Quarterly NA
2 Tilted insulators Quarterly NA
Insulators Excessive deposit of dust/salt/coal and other pollution
3 Quarterly NA
clean the same.
Excessive rusting of fittings, replace the same, if
4 Quarterly NA
required.
Examine, if securely tied to the insulator/pole/cross-
1 Quarterly NA
arms
2 Proper sag, set right the same, if required. Quarterly NA
Conductor Proximity of trees and other objects including building
3 Quarterly NA
s and earth etc.
wire Sufficient clearance between conductors and earth wire
4 Quarterly NA
and also from the ground
Sufficient clearance from other electric/telephone lines
5 Quarterly NA
passing along below or above it.
6 Earth wire is properly supported Quarterly NA
All the line guards are intact and installed where
7 Quarterly NA
necessary
ITEM TO ACTI
Permissi
Values
ED N
8 If joints in the jumpers and conductors appear all right Quarterly NA
9 Broken conductors strands Quarterly NA
10 Nicking near insulator neck/or near conductor clamps Quarterly NA
11 Bindings wire has not become lose and open Quarterly NA
Conductor
12 s and earth Mid span joints have not cracked. Quarterly NA
wire All joints and jumpers of aluminum conductors have
13 proper clamps/jointing sleeves. Straight the same, if Quarterly NA
required.
Proper supporting and jointing two ends of the jumpers
1 Quarterly NA
with suitable clamps.
2 Sufficient clearance between jumpers on the 3-phases Quarterly NA
Jumpers
3 and other Sufficient clearance of jumpers from metal Quarterly NA
4 line Provision of proper insulation of jumpers Quarterly NA
accessorie
Signs of over-heating and burnings on jumpers and
5 s Quarterly NA
other fittings.
Loose/defective clamps jointing sleeves, bolts and nuts,
6 Quarterly NA
and other fittings.
Cut off the trees branches where necessary to maintain
1
a minimum clearance of 1.8m on each side of the line Half yearly NA
2 Tree Remove all dead wood. Half yearly NA
trimming
and bird's Remove all bird's nests. (once before the monsoons or
3
nests etc. earlier, if necessary) Half yearly NA
1 Tighten the loose stays. Annually NA
2 Replace the broken/damaged stays and stay bows Annually NA
3 Stays Replace the broken stay insulator/recondition the Earth Annually NA
Provide sufficient barbed wire/cattle guards on the stay
4
to avoid rubbing of cattles Annually NA
Replace the broken/splitted/cracked/bent cross arms
1
by new ones. Annually NA
Cross Bring in position the slipped cross
2
arms arms/clamps/bracings. Annually NA
Paint the steel cross arms and bracings etc. If
3
excessively rusted. Annually NA
Clean and check for cracked/chipped and
1
punctured insulators. Replace, where necessary. Annually NA
Insulators Examine for the surface contamination and
and remove it by wiping with a soft cloth (do not use cotton
fittings waste). If the deposit has set hard, a weak acidic
2
solution may be used.
The insulators be checked twice a year preferably or
before and after (monsoons) Annually NA
1 Conductor Tighten loose bindings and replace damaged ones.
Annually NA
s and
Examine for corrosion at the joints of
earth
2 conductors and insulators. Clean and renew, where
wires
necessary. Annually NA
ITEM TO ACTI
Permissi
Values
ED N
3 Examine closely for broken strands

particularly at the clamps and insulators due to
vibration and repair, where necessary. Annually NA
Examine general condition of the conductor
4 and earth wires i.e. for kinks, crushed spots over/under
tensioning, etc., and recondition, where necessary. Annually NA
Examine for any loose/cracked joints of
5 conductors in the mid span and recondition where
necessary. Annually NA
Examine for any loose/cracked joints slipping
6 of conductors from the clamps. Tighten all clamps and
fittings. Annually NA
Clean and examine insulators for cracks or
1
flashover. Replace, where necessary. Annually NA
Perform impulse voltage spark over test and
leakage current test to know the condition of
2 Lightening the arrester; replace in case of unsatisfactory
arrestor results. Annually NA
3 Keep records of test results. Annually NA
Check and tighten all line connections and
4
earth leads Annually NA
Replace all broken earth leads and tighten others.
Earthing Measure earth resistance of various earths with
1
System earth. Tester. In case of low values, recondition
them. Annually NA
Anti-
climbing
devices
2 and
danger Recondition the anti-climbing devices such as barbed
plates wire, locks, etc., paint and reprint the danger plated if
etc. defaced. Annually NA

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 11 KV LINES
ITEM TO
Permiss
Sr. BE FREQUE STAT
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK ible ACTION TAKEN
no. INSPECTE NCY US
Values
D
Poles
Steel
Wood
Cement
Stays Quarterly
Cross arms /
Same as recommended for the items as 33
1 Conductor Half
KV lines in addition to the followings
Insulator year/
Earthwire Year
Lightning
arrestor
Earthing
System
1 Check for the following: A method for field
testing for switch
2 For smooth operation Quarterly contacts with live line
consists in using an
Evidence of over-heating burning, Quarterly insulated rod (for 11
3
corrosion/pitting on the switch contacts. KV) adjustable height
4 Broken or damaged insulators. Quarterly having at its upper end
a tallow candle fixed in
5 Proper and tight earth connections. Quarterly a clip Hold the candle
G.O. against the hot contact
Fuse links for continuity, tightness of Quarterly
6 Switchs for a few seconds &
(with fuse connections and correct rating. then examine. If the
7 unit) Proper locking arrangement. Quarterly grease slightly melts,
mark the contact for
8 Proper alignment of switch contracts. Quarterly attention. If the grease
runs, the switch
Proper and complete fitting of male contacts Quarterly requires early attention
9
into the female ones. and if it smokes,
Quarterly dangerous condition is
Arcing horns are intact. assumed, the switch
10
required immediate
attention.
1 Check for the following:
Proper supporting of the cable and the cable
2 Quarterly
boxes.
3 11 KV Damaged insulators. Quarterly
Cable and Oil and compound leaks and that the cable
4 Cable Quarterly
box is properly tippe up with the compound.
5 boxes. Tight and intact connections. Quarterly
6 Proper earthing. Quarterly
7 Overall condition of the cable and joint. Quarterly
Half- These points should be
Cleanliness: Clean all dust and other yearly particularly checked
1
G.O. deposits with neat and dry cloth. (its when contacts are
Switch maintena replaced.
(with fuse Switch contacts: (1) Check for the aliment, nce may Fixed and moving
unit) adequate pressure and smooth operation and be done contacts may be
2 even
adjust, where necessary. (2) Examine for dressed by using fine
burning/over-heating or other damages. earlier as file/fine sand paper.
ITEM TO
Permiss
Sr. BE FREQUE STAT
no. INSPECTE NCY US
Values
D
Recondition or replace, where necessary. the Use of rough sand
functioni paper be avoided.
ng of GO Petroleum jelly/ white
Switches Vaseline or other
Insulators: (1) Check for cracks, chipping is suitable contact
and other defects, replace, where necessary. generally lubricant should
3 (2) Remove dirt, coal and other pollutions in applied on contacts
by wiping with soft cloth. Use weak acidic disorder grease should be
solution, if the deposit has set hard. and is applied on all the
always a moving parts.
Arcing Herms : Check if those are intact source of
4 trouble).
and replace, if damaged/burnt.
Mechanism: Clean, examine and renew
5 worn out parts. Re-lubricate and check for
correct operation.
Fuse unit: Replace old fuses with new ones
6
of right type and capacity and proper length.
Main connections and Earthing: proceed as
7 described under separate heading of
‘Jumpers’ and ‘Earthing devices’.
General : check all hardware and tighten, if
8
needed.
1 Clean and examine for damaged bushings Annually
11 KV Check for compound level, if there is Annually
2
Cable and leakage.
cable Perform insulation resistance test, Annually
3
boxes recondition or replace, where necessary.
Keep continuous records of insulation Annually
4
resistance.
CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF LT LINES
ITEM TO
Permiss
Sr. BE FREQUENC STA
no. INSPECT Y TUS
Values
ED
Pole
Stay
Cross
arm
Same as recommended for these items under schedule This becomes
Conductor Four
1 for HT Lines (Whether cobwebs, kite strings, etc., source of heavy
Insulator Monthly
hanging on the conductor) leakage when wet.
Connectors
Cable
Boxes
etc.
1 Check for the flowing:
2 If the switch with cover is intact. Monthly
3 If the cable/switch running hot. Monthly
4 LT Broken cut-outs. Monthly
5 Switch Signs of over-heating/burning on contacts. Monthly
6 Proper size of fuse wire. Monthly
7 If the switch is properly earthed. Monthly
8 Safety from rain water etc. Monthly
Check lead on the LT circuit and replace the LT
1 cable/LT switch by higher capacity one, where Half-Yearly
necessary.
Replace the damaged LT Cable with new one of right
2 Half-Yearly
capacity.
3 Examine the switch for smooth operation. Half-Yearly
4 Replace the burnt/cracked cut-outs. Half-Yearly
5 LT Recondition the switch contacts Half-Yearly
Switch
6 Replace the old fuses with new ones of right capacity. Half-Yearly
7 Tighten all connections. Half-Yearly
Ensure that the inlet of the cable into the switch is
8 plugged with plastic compound to avoid entry of rain Half-Yearly
water. Refill, where necessary.
Clean off the cob-web and other nests etc., from the
9 Half-Yearly
inside of the switch.
Poles
Stays
One to two
Cross
yearly
arm
Same as recommended for these items under schedule (depending
1 Conductor
for HT Lines. upon the
Insulator
volume of
Connectors
work)
Cable
boxes etc.
Annexure- AR-1
(To be filled by JUNIOR ENGINEER/Project Engineer)
1 Operational checks Status

i Switchgear ON/OFF through PTCC OK Not OK
ii Switchgear ON/OFF manual (in 'Sectionaliser/ RL series' only) OK Not OK
iii Mechanical Interlocks OK Not OK
Switchgear tripping through Emergency Lever (in U Series
iv only) OK Not OK
v Position Indicator (Mechanical) OK Not OK
2 Electrical Test
a Local / Remote - ON / OFF OK Not OK
b LED indication on PTCC Breaker Close OK Not OK
c LED indication on PTCC Breaker Open OK Not OK
Electrical interlock - Enable / Disable switch OK Not OK OK
d Not OK OK Not OK
e Battery voltage ( Aux supply should be turn off ) ( 24VDC ) OK Not OK
f Auxiliary supply Normal Abnormal
g Check/ Download WSOS history logs Yes No
h Current values on PTCC ( After switch ON ) OK Not OK
Voltage values on PTCC ( After switch ON ) OK Not OK OK
i Not OK OK Not OK
j Pressure reading of SF6 on PTCC ( RL Type only ) OK Not OK
k Check PT fuse intactness and continuity OK Not OK
l ON / OFF operation through Battery OK Not OK
3 Environmental checks
a Visual inspection for missing parts OK Not OK
b Cleaning of PTCC panel, ACR ( dust etc ) OK Not OK
c Connection Check of Plugs and CAPM compartment OK Not OK
d Cable entry point sealed in PTCC OK Not OK
E Stress on bushing due to cable/conductor connection OK Not OK
f Method of Conductor connection on bushing OK Not OK
g Tie / clamp support to umbilical cable (control cable) OK Not OK
h Terminal Connectors OK Not OK
i Visual inspection of any damages OK Not OK
j Presence of Earthing OK Not OK
k Earthing ( Pit ) Resistance test results OK Not OK
l Tightening of Cable clamps / connectors to bushing OK Not OK
m Condition of Male/Female Pins on plugs (PTCC / S/G) OK Not OK
n Clearance of PT with Guard wire OK Not OK
o Presence of PT bushing insulated Caps OK Not OK
4 PTCC panel door intactness (window + Main door) OK Not OK
5 Lock of PTCC panel door OK Not OK
6 Condition of Electronic Module - OK Not OK
a. CAPM / SCEM / CCEM / OCPM OK Not OK
b. MDIM3 / MDIM2 OK Not OK
7 Status of battery cells terminals, links OK Not OK
8 Modem Functionality OK Not OK
Remarks:
Witnessed by:
Junior Engineer: S.D.O

Annexures DT-1
Check List for oil filled Distribution Transformers: Checked
(To be filled by Junior Engineer)
1) Check that the colour of the silica gel in the breather is blue.
2) Check the breather for any cracks, holes, transparency and oil in the oil cup.
3) Check for any signs of No arcing/pitting mark on Bus-bar & palm connector.
4) Ensure that there is no leakage of oil from gaskets, flanges, valves, radiators,
bushings etc. Ensure oil level of conservator & cleaning of glass of conservator.
5) Check that the bushing surface is clean.
6) Check the bushings for any crack or any chipping of porcelain.
7) Check the earthing of the tank cover to tank.
8) Check the condition of neutral & transformer body grounding
9) Ensure that the surface of radiator is clean.
10) Check the earthing of fencing (enclosure) with two separate earths.
Witnessed by:
Junior Engineer: SDO:

Annexures DT-2
Test Results:
Test Limits Date of Actual value Remarks

Parameters Test
IR test. 1. IR value shall be

equal for all three
phases for HT-E,
LT-E, HT-LT.
2. Normally IR value
shall be minimum
100 MΩ for HV &
50 MΩ for LV
windings at the the
temp of 50°C.
BDV > 30 kV(avg) at 2.5mm
gap
Earth Earth resistance shall be
resistance less than 1Ω
Witnessed by:

Annexures DT-3
Check List for Dry type Distribution Transformer: Checked
1) Check that no dust on enclosure, doors & marshalling box.
2) Check the enclosure & marshalling doors are closed properly.
3) Check for working/setting for thermostat in marshalling.
4) Check for working and physical condition of DT energy meter.
5) Check for working of lamp in marshalling box.
6) Check the no dust deposition over active part.
7) Check the earthing of the enclosure at two places with separate earthing point.
8) Check the earthing of the neutral with two separate earthing points.
9) Check for working of exhaust fan.
10) Check there should not be any open space.

Witnessed by:

Annexures DT-4
Test Results:

Parameters Test
IR test. 1. IR value shall be

equal for all three
phases for HT-E,
LT-E, HT-LT.
2. Normally IR value
shall be minimum
100 MΩ for HV &
50 MΩ for LV
windings at the the
temp of 50°C.
Witnessed by:

Annexures DT-5
Pre commissioning checks for oil filled Distribution Transformers: Checked
1) Check that the colour of the silica gel in the breather is blue.
2) Check the breather for any cracks, holes, transparency and oil in the oil cup.
3) Check for any signs of No arcing/pitting mark on Bus-bar & palm connector.
4) Ensure that there is no leakage of oil from gaskets, flanges, valves, radiators,
bushings etc.
5) Check that the bushing surface is clean.
6) Check the bushings for any crack or any chipping of porcelain.
7) Check the earthing of the tank cover to tank.
8) Check the condition of neutral & transformer body grounding
9) Ensure that the surface of radiator is clean.

10) Check the earthing of fencing (enclosure) with two separate earths.
Witnessed by:

Annexure DT-6
Test Results:

Parameters Test
IR test. 1 IR value shall be

equal for all three
phases for HT-E,
LT-E, HT-LT.
2 Normally IR value
shall be minimum
100 MΩ for HV &
50 MΩ for LV
windings at the the
temp of 50°C.
Ratio Transformer turn
ratio test
MBT Magnetic Balance

test
BDV > 30 kV(avg) at 2.5mm
gap
Witnessed by:

Annexure DT-7
Pre commissioning checks for Dry type Distribution Transformer: Checked
1) Check that no dust on enclosure, doors & marshalling box.
2) Check the enclosure & marshalling doors are closed properly.
3) Check for working/setting for thermostat in marshalling.
4) Check for working and physical condition of DT energy meter.
5) Check for working of lamp in marshalling box.
6) Check the no dust deposition over active part.
7) Check the earthing of the enclosure at two places with separate earthing point.
8) Check the earthing of the neutral with two separate earthing points.
9) Check for working of exhaust fan.
Witnessed by:

Annexure DT-8
Test Results:

Parameters Test
IR test. 1 IR value shall be

equal for all three
phases for HT-E,
LT-E, HT-LT.
2 Normally IR value
shall be minimum
100 MΩ for HV &
50 MΩ for LV
windings at the the
temp of 50°C.
Ratio Transformer turn
ratio test
MBT Magnetic Balance

test
Witnessed by:

Annexure RMU-1
Check list –RMU
Sub-Division
Item Description Status
A Type of Substation
B 11 kV Switchgear/RMU
1 Make
2 Physical Condition
(a) RMU Covers
(b) Earth Bus Bar Status
3 SF6 Preassure Gauge Indication
4 Voltage Indicating LED's
5 Grounding
6 Rubber Mat
7 Fault Passage Indicator
Witnessed by:

Annexure RMU-2
Check List:
(To be filled by JUNIOR ENGINEER/Project Engineer
1) Check the manometer for any signs of SF6 gas leakage.
2) Check the functioning of the breaker, isolator & earth switch.
3) Check the functioning of FPI.
4) Check the functioning of VPIS
5) Check the Earth Resistance
6) Check the cable tightness
Witnessed by:

Annexure UG-1
Check List during Cable Testing Checked
1. Ensure cable is not live by Neon Tester.
2. The cable earthing is properly connected to Panel earth
3. The Panel earthing is properly connected to S/S Earth.
4. Ensure Cable Terminations are cleaned properly
5. Ensure Cable cores are earthed other than testing core
6. Ensure cable testing at Recommended voltage
Check during Rectification
1. Ensure caution tape, warning lights Boards & barricading

Provided at work site
2. Ensure cable laid at recommended depth
3. Ensure docketing done on cable & joints
4. Ensure backfilling done properly
Witnessed by:
JUNIOR ENGINEER/PO: SDO:

Annexure ABC-1
Check List
1. Ensure AB cable is not live by use of Neon Tester.
2. Ensure AB cable earthing is properly connected to Messenger
3. Ensure Messenger earthing is properly connected to Pole Earth.
4. Ensure AB Cable Terminations are cleaned properly
6. Ensure cable testing at recommended voltage
1. Ensure caution tape, warning lights, barricading

2. Ensure proper jointing done at fault sites.
3. Ensure Plastic Cable Ties are used to hold the joint
Witnessed by:

Annexure-ERT-1
Check list- Earthing

Pre-requisite for Routine Maintenance
T&P/material/PPEs
Cotton Rag
Routine Maintenance Activities
Permissible Action
NATURE OF WORK Freq Status
Values Taken
Check and Clean
All Earth pits Twelve Months N/A
Check and Tight
All Earth connections at equipment
Twelve Months N/A
mounting frames
All Earth connections at Earth pits. Twelve Months N/A
Measurement
All Earth pits resistance for HT/LT Feeder
Twelve Months < 5 Ohm
Neutral
All Earth pits resistance Twelve Months < 5 Ohm
Resistance of Pole Twelve Months < 1 Ohm
General Checks
Check all equipments for double earthing Twelve Months N/A
Check all earthing conductors for
Twelve Months N/A
adequacy & proper tightness.
Check proper clamping of earthing pipe
Twelve Months N/A
and earthing conductor.
Check numbering of all earth pits. Twelve Months N/A
Check availability of Cast Iron lid for
Twelve Months N/A
each earthing pit.
Check exposed portion of earth conductor
Twelve Months N/A
for Galvanizing or painting
Check & ensure painting of Earth isolator
box with Green color for fast Twelve Months N/A
identification
Check that each multicore cable is
Twelve Months N/A
grounded through cable gland.
Final Status and Remarks
Witnessed by:
Annexure- G.O.-1
Check List- G.O Switch
Sr No. Particulars Ok Not OK
1 Alignment of Male Female Contact
2 Condition of Post Insulator
3 Operating Rod
4 Earthing of G.O Switch
5 Condition of Arcing Horn
6 Condition of Operating Handle
7 Locking Arrangement
Witnessed by:

Annexure- OH-1
Check List –OH Lines
Sr
No. Parameters Observations
1 Condition & size of GI wire. It should be 7/10 SWG OK Not OK Remarks
Condition of Guy/Egg Insulator, if any damage or
2 missing observed, should be fix/replace. OK Not OK
Condition of tension screw, if any damage observed
, it has to be changed otherwise to tighten the turn
3 buckle ,if required OK Not OK
4 condition of anchor hook OK Not OK
Visual Inspection
Condition of Disc Insulator, if there is any crack,
flash mark on the surface of the disc, disc should to
5 be change. OK Not OK
Condition of strain clamp of disc insulator, If any
6 crack or flash mark on surface, it has to be change OK Not OK
Condition of Pin insulator, if there be any flash
mark on the insulator surface, it has to be change
7 otherwise check the tightness with the spindle. OK Not OK
Condition of Pin insulator spindle, if any damage
or bend, to be change otherwise check the tightness
8 of the fixing nuts. OK Not OK
Condition of Top hamper, if any tilt observed at top
hamper it has to be straight or any damage occurred
to the metal part, it is to be change, otherwise check
9 the tightness of fixing nuts bolts. OK Not OK
Condition of the V-arm. if any damage occurred on
V-arm or on the fixing clamp, it is to be changed
otherwise check the tightness of the fixing Nuts,
10 bolts OK Not OK
Condition of channel-arm, if any damage occurred
on channel-arm or on the fixing clamp, it is to be
changed otherwise check the tightness of the fixing
11 Nuts, bolts OK Not OK
All metal part to be painted by Primer &Aluminium
12 paint for increasing the durability of life span OK Not OK
13 Visual inspection of bare conductor OK Not OK
Span length should be maximum 40m /50 m (Urban
/Rural) if the length larger than it , mid pole to be
14 provided. OK Not OK
Line should be sectioned at every 4/5 span apart, if
15 more it to be reduced to 4/5 span OK Not OK
16 Visual inspection of Earthing OK Not OK
Visual inspection of Guard wire- if any
damage/broken happened, it would be drawn by 4
17 SWG GI wire. OK Not OK
Inspection of Joints – all jumpers should be done by
conductor same as line conductor or higher rating &
joints to be done by suitable C-wedge connector/ PG
Clamp/D-clamp. Mid span joint to be to be done by
Suitable Sleeves & the joint is limited to 2 no per
18 span. OK Not OK
19 Anti-climbing device OK Not OK
Witnessed by:

Annexure LT ACB
SN Parameter Points to be checked Finding
1 Physical a) check ACB have cover and locked.

Condition b) Check for any visual deformity/ flash
mark/ crack/ dust on arc chutes, arcing
contacts and moving contacts.
c)Check the point of entry of busbars into
the enclosure (The busbars should be
properly tapes and the entry should be
sealed with sealants like silicon grease)
d) Check tripping circuit, CTs, release (
if applicable).
e) Status of Enclosure to be checked (
damage/ rusting, etc)
2 Alignment The ACBs placed on level structure and
and Support secured properly to be checked-
Structure
3 Dressing and
Crimping of
All incoming and out going cables to be
Main &
crimped and connected properly to the
Looping
incoming and outgoing busbars.
cables
4 ACB
Earthing
Earthing to be checked
5 Safeguarding Bakelite/ FRP separator plats used where

of Bare clearance are reduced are to be checked
Terminals
Witnessed by:
JUNIOR ENGINEER SDO:

Annexure- LT UG Cable
1. Ensure cable is not live by Neon Tester.
2. The cable earthing is properly connected to Panel earth
3. The Panel earthing is properly connected to S/S Earth.
4. Ensure Cable Terminations are cleaned properly

1. Ensure caution tape, warning lights Boards & barricading
2. Ensure cable laid at recommended depth
3. Ensure labelling done on cable & joints
4. Ensure backfilling done properly
Witnessed by:

Annexure LT OH Conductor
SN Parameter Points to be checked Finding
1 Physical a.Check the Condition & size of GI wire

Condition (It should be 7/10 SWG)
(Visual b.Check the Condition of Guy/Egg
Checking for Insulator-
Stay and c. Check the Condition of tension screw
Line support) d.Check the condition of anchor hook
e. Check the Condition of Shackle
Insulator
f. Check the Condition of Pin insulator
spindle
g. Check the Condition of Top hamper
h. Check the Condition of the Double
line X-arm
i. Check all metal part to be painted by
Primer &Aluminium paint
2 Conductor j. Check if any damage occurred on the
Inspection conductor
k. Check for use of Line Spacer
l. Check for use of cradles
3 Earthing check for proper earth wire & Earthing
4 Joints & check for proper Joints and Jumpers

Jumpers
5 Pole i. Check for Cable mounting on over head
Connections feeder
ii. Check for no of service cable form one
single pole & dressing of service cable
6 Configuratio Check for configuration of Line-

n of Line
Vertical Configuration
Delta Configuration
Witnessed by:

Annexure LT ABC
1. Ensure AB cable is not live by use of Neon Tester.
2. Ensure AB cable earthing is properly connected to Messenger
3. Ensure Messenger earthing is properly connected to Pole Earth.
4. Ensure AB Cable Terminations are cleaned properly
7. Ensure caution tape, warning lights, barricading

provided at work site
8. Ensure proper jointing done at fault sites.
9. Ensure Plastic Cable Ties are used to hold the joint
Witnessed by:

Annexure LT Earthing
Name of LT Feeder: Date & Time

Pole No-
Season - Summer/Winter:
Pre-requisite for Routine Maintenance

T&P/material/PPEs
Cotton Rag
Routine Maintenance Activities
Permissible Action
NATURE OF WORK Freq Status
Values Taken
Check and Clean
All Earth pits Twelve Months N/A
Check and Tight
All Earth connections at equipment
Twelve Months N/A
mounting frames
All Earth connections at Earth pits. Twelve Months N/A
Measurement
All Earth pits resistance for LT Feeder
Twelve Months < 5 Ohm
Neutral
All Earth pits resistance for LT ACB Twelve Months < 5 Ohm
Resistance of Pole Twelve Months < 1 Ohm
General Checks
Check all equipments for double earthing Twelve Months N/A
Check all earthing conductors for
Twelve Months N/A
adequacy & proper tightness.
Check proper clamping of earthing pipe
Twelve Months N/A
and earthing conductor.
Check numbering of all earth pits. Twelve Months N/A
Check availability of Cast Iron lid for each
Twelve Months N/A
earthing pit.
Check exposed portion of earth conductor
Twelve Months N/A
for Galvanizing or painting
Check & ensure painting of Earth isolator
Twelve Months N/A
box with Green color for fast identification
Check that each multicore cable is
Twelve Months N/A
grounded through cable gland.
Final Status and Remarks
Witnessed by:

Annexure LT Metering & Service Cable
Date &
Name of Consumer: Time
Account No-
Sub-Division -
Permissible Action
NATURE OF WORK Frequency Status
Values Taken
Any visible Cut mark or Puncture on
24 Months N/A
service cable
Checking all required information
24 Months N/A
written on meter box and are visible.
Whether Meter/MCCB is tightly fixed
24 Months N/A
or hanging
All Seals on MCCB & Terminals are
24 Months N/A
proper and not tampered
Consumer cable is at adequate height
Min 5.8
while crossing the street/road (from 24 Months
Meters
ground)
Accuracy of Meter 24 Months ±3%
Witnessed by:

Annexure LT Feeder Pillar
Name of Feeder Pillar Date

Type of Feeder Pillar Time
Feeder Name
Permissible Action
Values Taken
Cable connection tightness 12 Months N/A
Replacement of sockets 12 Months N/A
Tagging of outgoing & incoming
12 Months N/A
feeders
Earthing of Feedar& Service
12 Months N/A
Pillar (values to be provided)
Proper Cable earthing 12 Months N/A
Locking of doors 12 Months N/A
Replacement of fuse 12 Months N/A
Replacement of fuse base 12 Months N/A
Cleaning of Feeder Pillar 12 Months N/A
Condition of Plinth 12 Months N/A
Danger Plate 12 Months N/A
Witnessed by:

Annexure LT Fuse Board
Name of DT Date
DT Rating Time
Feeder Name
Permissible Action
Values Taken
LV cable from DT shall be routed
12 Months N/A
through palm/bi-metallic connector.
Insulated cable from DT to fuse board
12 Months N/A
shall pass through DT meter CTs rings.
Only insulated cable shall be used for
connecting LV side of transformer to 12 Months N/A
fuse board.
Laying of cable from LV side of DT to
fuse board shall be separated using cleat 12 Months N/A
(wooden/PVC).
Proper size thimbles/Lugs used at cable
12 Months
end to join it to fuse board. N/A
Lugs/Thimbles shall be fixed using

proper size crimping tool (hammering of
Lugs/Thimbles must be avoided because 12 Months
this leads to weakening/breaking of N/A
strands of cable).
Proper color tape being used for taping
12 Months N/A
at lugs/thimbles.
Fuse Board shall be installed on Bakelite
12 Months N/A
sheet.
Height of fuse board 12 Months Min 6 Feet
Check for tightness of fuse wire. N/A

12 Months
Check for any oil & dust from fuse wire

12 Months N/A
and aluminum parts
Only insulated cable shall be used for

12 Months N/A
connecting fuse board to feeder line.
Laying of insulated cable form fuse

board to feeder line shall be properly
12 Months N/A
routed using clamps to fix it from
hanging.
Measurement of load of LT side of DT As per rating
12 Months
(Phase wise) of DT
R Phase
Y Phase
B Phase
Fuse wire Detail
Size
Rating (Amp)
Witnessed by:

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SLD OF 33/11KV SUBSTATION

MAJOR EQUIPMENTS INSTALLED AT 33/11 KV SUBSTATION

POWER TRANSFORMER USED IN DHBVN

Ratings of Power Transformers

11 Earth Fault Relay (E/F)      

TESTS OF POWER TRANSFORMERS

6. ISOLATORS & EARTH SWITCHES

BATTERY CHARGER DETAIL USED IN DHBVN

EARTHING SYSTEM AT SUBSTATION

 Increasing number of electrodes, creating parallel path.

ITEMS USED IN 33 KV LINES

Electrical Safety Clearance (Live Metal clearance)

MINIMUM CLEARANCE (IN M) BETWEEN LINES WHEN CROSSING EACH OTHER

MINIMUM CLEARANCE (IN M) BETWEEN LINES WHEN CROSSING EACH OTHER

 Lower transmission losses.

Ensure core crossing below cut back area

3. Termination failure due to Contaminated Ensure cleanliness of terminations

Thermal Stress 1. Insulation degradation due to overloading Ensure Recommended Loading

Ensure Cable earthing connected with

Minimum permissible Bending radius (Table1)

Current carrying capacity of conductor

S. No. HT AB Cable Size (SqMM) Max. Continuous Load (Amps.)

a) Large HV and EHV s/stns - 0.5 ohms

f) Medium voltage systems(415 V) - 5.0 ohms

LT Cables Current Rating

Minimum clearances from any accessible point

1. Plan to minimize insulation

2. Condition of Breather & Conservator

TYPES OF UNDERGROUND CABLE FAULTS

Corrective & Preventive Action

Aerial Bunched Cable (ABC)

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 33/11KV POWER TRANSFORMER

Check for proper working, if provided. Replace, Daily each

11 Paint work Should be inspected yearly NA

Note:Insulation resistance measurement, tan δ of winding/bushings, winding resistance at all taps to

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 33 & 11KV CIRCUIT BREAKERS

Dash pot Check the working of dash pot. Quarterly N/A

Check tap setting and adjustments at terminal board N/A

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

Name of Grid: Date & Time

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF LIGHTNING (SURGE)

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF LINE ISOLATORS & EARTH

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF BATTERY BANK & BATTERY

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF EARTHING SYSTEM AT GRID

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

CHECK LIST FOR MAINTENANCE OF 33 KV LINES

3 Examine closely for broken strands

WITNESSED BY:- JE/SDO SIGNATURE -

(To be filled by JUNIOR ENGINEER/Project Engineer)

1 Operational checks Status

Junior Engineer: S.D.O

(To be filled by Junior Engineer)