SA02-16 - General Requirement RTU

Part I, Section 1 – Introduction_______________________________
DESCRIPTION / SPECIFICATIONS OF GOODS
GENERAL REQUIREMENT FOR MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL CONTRACTS
0.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF CONTRACT
In enhancing the SCADA facilities for the effective operation of power network
throughout the state of Sarawak, Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) are to be
installed in substations and power stations.
0.2 EXTENT OF CONTRACT
This contract shall include the design, manufacture, inspection and testing in
factory, testing on site, packing for export, shipment, insurance, delivery CIP
Kuching, Sarawak and warranty maintenance for a period of twelve calendar
months of the plant herein described and comprising the following :-
0.2.1 Remote Terminal Units are for the following substations:
(a) Taman Tunku 33/11kV Substation

(b) Deshon 33/11kV Substation
(c) 7th Mile 33kV Substation
(d) The Isthmus 33/11kV Substation
(e) Taman Malihah 33/11kV Substation
(f) Samajaya 33/11kV Substation
(g) Stakan 33kV Substation
(h) Tanjung Manis No 2 132/33/11kV Substation
(i) Samajaya 132kV Substation
(j) Press Metal 3 Substation
(k) Similajau Capbank
0.2.2 Tools and test equipment
0.2.3 Spares (Optional)
0.2.4 Training of the Purchaser's staff on site.
All parts of the works shall be completed in every respect for

commercial operation to the requirements of the Purchaser.
Notwithstanding that any details, accessories etc. required for the
complete installation and satisfactory operation of the plant are not
specifically mentioned in the Specifications, such details shall be
considered as included in the Contract Price.
0.3 TOOLS AND APPLIANCES
The following test equipment and tools necessary for the maintenance and
repair of the RTU are to be supplied under this Contract and the tenderer is
required to give a full detailed list with prices in the Schedule of Test Equipment
and Tools, when submitting his tender:-
a) Two sets of portable test equipment, specialised and general purpose tools
etc. for the configuration and maintenance of the RTU.
b) Protocol analyser with Harris 5000/6000, Modbus (TCP/IP and Serial) add
DNP3 (TCP/IP and Serial) protocol supported.
0.4 SPARES
The Purchaser may order all or any of the spares recommended in the Spares
Schedules at his discretion.
All spares must be suitably marked and numbered for purposes of

identification.
0.5 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
The equipment shall comply with relevant international standards e.g. IEC, ISO
publications or equivalent and shall be suitable for operation on a power
system having a frequency of 50 Hz.
The layout of the RTU components shall be suitable for future expansions by
addition of more components.
All equipment shall be suitable for operation in the temperature and climatic
conditions existing at the site.
Natural air-cooling shall be provided unless there is a particular requirement for

forced air-cooling which the Tenderer shall clearly state.
In complying with the requirements of the Specifications both in equipment

arrangement and detailed design shall conform to the best current engineering
practice. Each of the several parts of the plant shall be of the maker's standard
design provided that this design is in general accordance with the Specifications.
The essence of design shall be simplicity and reliability in order to give long
continuous service with acceptable economy and low maintenance cost.
Particular attention should be paid to internal and external access in order to
facilitate inspection, cleaning and maintenance.
The design, dimensions and materials of all parts are to be such that they will
not suffer damage as a result of stresses under the most severe service
conditions.
Workmanship and general finish shall be of the highest class throughout. All
similar parts of the plant shall be interchangeable.
All equipment shall operate without undue vibration and with the least possible
amount of noise and shall not cause a nuisance.
All equipment shall be designed to minimise the risk of fire and any damage,
which may be caused in the event of fire.
The equipment shall also be designed to prevent ingress of all vermin,

accidental contact with live parts and to minimise the ingress of dust and dirt.
0.6 COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS
Unless another standard is specifically mentioned in this Specification all

materials used and provided under the Contract, and all design calculations and
tests can, where such standard exists, be in accordance with such authoritative
standards appropriate to the country of manufacture. These authoritative
standards, as in the opinion of the Purchaser, must be equivalent to or higher
quality than current International Standards (ISO) for mechanical equipment
and current International Electrotechnical Commission (I.E.C.)
recommendations for electrical and electronic equipment.
Where required by the Purchaser for approval purposes, the Contractors shall
supply necessary information to the Purchaser in support of his claim that the
standard to which he proposed. The supply of such information shall include
the free issue to the Purchaser of duplicate copies of the proposed standards
with English translations.
0.7 STATUTORY REGULATIONS
The Works and all plant, equipment and materials forming part of this Contract
shall comply in all respect with any relevant local Statutory Regulations By-laws
and Orders and also with the Factories Act (1961) of the United Kingdom or
equivalent Act applicable in the Contractor's country of origin. In the event of
the latter being inconsistent with the former, the provisions of the former shall
apply.
0.8 CORRESPONDENCE
All correspondences on matters arising out of the Contract shall be addressed

by the Contractor to the Purchaser.
0.9 UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
In all correspondences, on all technical Schedules and on all drawings, S.I. units
of measurement shall be employed. On drawings where other units have been
used, it will be in order if the equivalent S.I. measurement is suitably marked in
addition.
0.10 DRAWINGS
The Contractor shall supply two additional copies of such drawings submitted
with the tenders. These drawings together with copies of the drawings
originally issued with the tender documents will then be bound up either in the
contract documents or in a separate folder.
Before the work is put in hand, dimensioned drawings and diagrams showing all
details of the plant and materials to be used shall be submitted to the Purchaser
for approval.
The drawings shall be submitted in triplicate as soon as possible after the

commencement date and in any case in sufficient time to permit modifications
to be made if such are deemed necessary by the Purchaser without delaying the
delivery of the Contract Works. The drawings submitted shall be modified as
necessary if requested by the Purchaser and re-submitted for final approval.
If the Contractor requires urgent approval of any drawing to avoid delay in

the delivery of the Contract Works, he shall advise the Purchaser to such
effect when submitting the drawing.
It is to be understood, however, that approval of the drawings will not
exonerate the Contractor from any responsibility in connection with the
work.
All drawings submitted by the Contractor shall have the following particulars in
the lower right hand corner in addition to the Contractor's name, date, scale,
number and title of the drawings :-
Contract Reference No.

Syarikat Sesco Berhad
Contract Title
0.11 PROGRAMME OF WORK
Within one month of the start of the Contract the Contractor shall forward to
the Purchaser 3 copies of the chart detailing the plant manufacturing, delivery
and erection programme for the complete contract work for his comment and
approval. Copies of the approved chart shall be provided by the Contractor.
The chart shall indicate the various phases of work for all items of the Contract
from the commencement of the Contract to its final completion, e.g. design,
ordering of materials, manufacture, delivery erection and commissioning.
If at any time during the execution of the Contract it is found necessary to

modify the approved chart, the Contractor shall inform the Purchaser and
submit a modified chart for approval. Such approval shall not be deemed to be
consent to any amendment of the completion date stated in the Schedule.
0.12 OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS AND PARTS LIST
When the general arrangements and details of the plant have been finalised
and not later than 1 months before the shipment, the Contractor shall submit
to the Purchaser for approval a draft copy of the operation and maintenance
instructions and parts list for the main plant and all associated ancillary
equipment as supplied under the Contract.
The parts list shall contain sufficient detail to enable the Purchaser to establish
the manufacturer's reference number for any part taken from any main or
ancillary plant supplied under the Contract and shall include such arrangement
drawings as may be necessary.
Manufacturer's standard brochures may be incorporated provided they refer

particularly to the equipment supplied and all extraneous matter has been
marked as inapplicable.
When approved, two copies of the complete text, diagrams and drawings as
made up in draft form shall be handed to the Purchaser for distribution and
these shall be provided not later than the date erection commences. A further
two shall be reproduced as a book or books of A4 size and bound into strong
durable covers and inscribed with the words "Operating and Maintenance
Instructions and Parts List", a brief description of the Plant, the name of the
Purchaser and the volume number if more than one volume.
The finished book shall be handed to the Purchaser not later than one month
after the plant takes over date. Any changes or modifications subsequently
made by the manufacturers to these books shall be notified to the Purchaser in
the form of amendment slips of pages suitably designed to be inserted into the
book provided. This service shall be free of charge to the Purchaser.
0.13 RATING PLATES, NAME PLATES AND LABELS
Each main and auxiliary item of plant shall have permanently attached to it in a
conspicuous position a rating plate of in-corrodible material upon which shall be
engraved any identifying name, type or serial number, together with details of
the loading conditions under which the item of plant in question has been
designed to operate, and such diagram plates as may be required by the
Purchaser. The English language and metric units of measurement shall be used
for the plates.
0.14 LOCKS
Locks shall be supplied under this Contract. The Contractor shall provide where
possible, locks and keys of the same type, grouping and master key. Three keys
shall be supplied for each lock and all locks shall be non-interchangeable.
0.15 TROPICALISATION
In choosing materials and their finishes, due regard shall be given to the humid
tropical conditions under which equipment is to work, and tropical grade
materials should be used wherever possible.
0.16 CUBICLES AND PANELS
Hinged and lockable doors shall afford access to the interior of the cubicle.
The cubicles shall be complete with all internal supports for wiring and terminal
boards and be provided with a suitable electric anti-condensation heater.
Cubicles shall have well ventilated top and bottom through vermin proof
louvres with a brass gauze screen attached to a frame and secured to the inside
of the louvre openings. Cable and piping entries shall be made through glands
in a plate covering the base of the cubicle.
The internal wiring of all cubicles shall be completed before shipment.
0.17 INSTRUMENTS
Unless otherwise specified, all indicating instruments shall be of the flush

mounted pattern with dust and moisture proof covers. Where hinged covers
are necessary, they shall be provided with locks generally in accordance with
the requirements of this specification.
0.18 ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS AND METERS
All electrical instruments and meters shall comply with B.S. 89 and B.S. 37
respectively and shall be of industrial grade accuracy.
All indicating instruments shall comply with the relevant ISO or IEC
recommendations or equivalent National Standards.
Instrument dials in general should be white with black markings and should be
reversible where double scale instruments are specified.
Scales shall be of such material that no peeling or discolouration will take place
with age under humid tropical conditions.
Wherever necessary instruments shall be provided with readily accessible zero

adjustment.
Double scale instruments shall be provided with a reversible label displaying the
scale in use.
All instruments shall be inscribed with S.I. units.
0.19 SMALL WIRING
All small wiring in panels shall be carried out in a neat and systematic manner
with cables supported clear of the panels and other surfaces at all points to
obtain free circulation of air.
In all cases, the sequence of the wiring terminals shall be such that the junction
between multicore cables and the terminals is affected without crossover.
Insulating bushes shall be provided where necessary to prevent the chafing of
wiring.
All panel wiring shall conform to the requirements of B.S. 6231 and shall be of
classification B voltage grade. The conductors shall have a minimum cross
section equivalent to 7 strands 0.67 mm diameter or 50 strands of 0.25 mm
diameter (2.5 sq.mm). The PVC insulation shall be of high temperature
withstand grade suitable for conductor temperature of 85oC.
Wire colours shall comply with British Standard 158, viz :-
Colour of Wire Circuit Particulars
Red Red-phase connections in current and voltage

transformer circuits only.
Yellow Yellow-phase connections in current and voltage

Blue Blue-phase connections in current and voltage

Green Connections to earth.
Black A.C. neutral connections, earthed or unearthed,

connected to the secondary circuit of current and
voltage other than those above, and connections in
A.C./D.C. circuits.
Grey Connections in D.C. circuits.

Wiring diagrams must indicate wire colours. For back wired panels all diagrams
shall be drawn as viewed from the back of the panel. For front wired panels all
diagrams be drawn as viewed from the front.
All wires shall be fitted with marker tie ferrules of approved type at each
termination. At points of inter-connection between wiring where change
marker cannot be avoided, double ferrules shall be provided. Such points shall
be clearly indicated on the wiring diagrams.
No wires may be teed or jointed between terminal points.
All metallic cases of instruments, etc., mounted on panels or in cubicles, steel or

otherwise, shall be connected by means of bare copper conductors of not less
than 4.0 sq.mm section to the nearest frame earth bar.
0.20 TERMINAL BOARDS
All terminal boards shall be mounted in accessible positions, and, when in

enclosed cubicles, shall be inclined towards the door. Spacing of adjacent
terminal boards shall be not less than 100 mm and the bottom of each board
shall be not less than 200 mm above the incoming cable gland plate. Separate
studs shall be provided on each terminal strip for the cores of incoming and
outgoing cables including all spare cores.
Brass bolts and studs shall be of not less than 0 B.A. size but stainless steel and
bronze down to 2 B.A. may be used provided that the current carrying capacity
is adequate. All studs shall be provided with nuts, washers and lock nuts or lock
washers. Where pinch type terminations are provided these shall be of
approved type. They shall have adequate current carrying capacity and shall be
provided with locking devices terminals.
Acceptable types of terminal are:
(1) Screw or stud type used with crimped ring type termination. Screws
and studs are to be not less than size M6 but stainless steel and bronze
down to size M5 may be used provided that the current carrying
capacity is adequate. All studs are to be provided with nuts, washers
and lock washers.
(2) Insertion clamp type of the Klippon/Legrend type whereby the standard
conductor or crimped termination is clamped between plates by a screw
having a suitable locking device. Terminal entries are to be shrouded
such that no current carrying metal is exposed. Tapped holes are to
have not less than three full threads.
Terminal assemblies are preferably to be of the unit form suitable for

mounting collectively on a standard assembly rail, secured from the
front and giving the required number of ways plus 10% spare.
All connections shall be made at the front of the terminal boards and no live
metal shall be exposed at the back.
0.21 FUSES AND LINKS
All fuses and links associated with electrical instrument, protection and control
circuits shall be of approved type and grouped as far as possible according to
their functions. They shall be clearly labelled, both on the panels and the
associated wiring diagrams.
Fuses and links shall be connected to enable all or any of the control circuits to
be isolated for maintenance purposes.
All fuses shall incorporate HRC cartridges. Rewirable fuses will not be accepted.
0.22 CONTROL SWITCHES AND PUSH BUTTONS
The contacts of all switches and push buttons shall be strong and have a
positive wiping action when operated.
All control switches shall be provided with labels complying with the
Specification in addition to clear indication as to the direction of each operation,
for example, "On", "Off", etc.
0.23 INDICATING LAMPS AND FITTINGS
Indicating lamps fitted to the facials of switch and instrument cubicles or panels
shall be adequately ventilated.
Lamps shall be easily removed and replaced from the front of the panel by
manual means not requiring the use of extractors.
The lamps shall be clear and shall fit into an accepted standard form of lamp
holder. LED indicating lamps are preferred.
0.24 ANTI-CONDENSATION HEATERS
Any major items of electrical equipment which are liable to suffer from internal
condensation due to temperature or load variations shall be fitted with heating
devices suitable for electrical operation at 240 volt A.C. 50 Hz single phase. This
heating device shall have sufficient capacity to raise internal ambient
temperature by 50oC. The electrical apparatus so protected shall be designed
so that the maximum permitted rise in temperature is not exceeded if the
heaters are energised while the apparatus is in operation. Where fitted, a
suitable terminal box and control switch, with indicating lamps, shall be
provided and mounted in an accessible position.
0.25 CABLES
The Contract includes power, auxiliary power and multicore control cabling as
specified in the appropriate sections of the Specification. Cables and
connections shall be sized to take into account the rating of the equipment
offered.
0.26 GLANDS
Provision shall be made for earthing the body of each gland.
For PVC insulated and sheathed cables compression glands of an approved type
shall be provided. Where such cables have armouring and an outer sheath, the
gland shall be of the type which grips each sheath and the armouring
separately. Glands shall be arranged to project at least 25 mm above the gland
plate to avoid moisture collecting in the cable crutch.
0.27 RELAYS
Relays shall be of approved types complying with B.S. 142 or equal and shall
have approved characteristics and be flush mounted in dust proof cases.
GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1 GENERAL
All equipment covered by this Specification shall comply with the following
general technical requirements. In the event of a conflict between the
requirements of this Section and Section 0, the requirements of this section
take precedence.
1.2 INSPECTION AND TESTS
All equipment and materials are subject to inspection and testing at the
Manufacturer's Works, by representatives of the Purchaser.
1.3 SERVICE CONDITIONS
The RTUs will be housed in buildings, which are normally not air-conditioned,
and ambient shade temperatures up to 40oC and varying relative humidity,
often approaching 100%. The RTUs offered shall be capable of satisfactory
continuous operation without thermal or electrical damage or degradation of
components within this temperature range and dusty and humid environment.
Precautions must be taken in the design of the RTU cubicles to exclude

moisture by adequate sealing or to reduce the deposit of moisture by the use of
a permanent heat source such as a heating device. In high ambient
temperatures the de-rating of components is necessary to prevent excessive
temperature rise causing premature failure of components.
To allow for internal temperature rise, equipment mounted in panels, desks or

cubicles shall be designed and tested to operate over the range of 0oC to 55oC.
1.4 STATION AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLIES
1.4.1 Alternating Current
The a.c. supply available:
- For RTUs
Voltage: Single Phase 240 V r.m.s. a.c. +\- 10%
Frequency: 47 - 52 Hz.
1.4.2 DC Source
The d.c., source available:
- For RTUs
Voltage: 48V d.c. +/-10%, positive ground
1.4.3 Transients and Interruptions
Equipment shall be capable of withstanding randomly-phased transient over

voltages of either polarity on the power supply or interruptions of the power
supply without damage or impairment to the equipment's subsequent
performance. In the case of supervisory controls, no incorrect operation shall
occur.
1.5 DESIGN
In complying with the requirements of this Specification, the emphasis being on

reliability and simplicity and ease of use by the operating staff. Each of the
several components of the RTUs is to be of the maker's standard design
provided that this design is in accordance with the Specification.
The RTUs shall be designed to facilitate inspection, cleaning and repairs, and
continuous operation as top priorities. All RTUs shall also be designed to ensure
satisfactory operation under sudden variation of load and voltage.
All material used under this Contract shall be new, of the best quality and of the
class most suitable for working under the conditions specified. Working
conditions without distortion or deterioration or the setting up of undue
stresses in any part, and also without affecting the strength and suitability of
the various parts for the work which they have to perform.
1.5.1 Reliability
The Tenderer shall state the expected reliability of the equipment, giving the
estimated mean time between component failures of the RTUs.
Tenderers shall clearly indicate how their reliability figures are obtained and the
formulae used and state whether components have undergone "Soak" test
before assembly, etc.
1.5.2 Component Ratings
Components and materials shall not be subjected to voltages, currents,

temperatures, stresses, or any other condition outside the operational values
given in the manufacturer's published data, over the range of temperature and
supply variations.
Components which in their normal function may have full supply voltage
applied and shall be capable of withstanding continuous energisation.
1.5.3 Component Tolerances and Ageing
The design of the circuits used shall be such that initial tolerances and also cyclic
and non-cyclic changes in component values and parameters which may occur
during the operational life of the equipment are either inconsequential or are
compensated for. Such compensation shall not necessitate the use of
adjustable controls without the prior approval of the Purchaser.
Only standard components shall be used.
1.5.4 Power Supply Practice
1.5.4.1 Alternating Current
All mains supplies shall be switched and fused in accordance with the
requirements stated in this Specification. Double-pole switches shall be used to
break single-phase a.c. mains supplies.
All mains circuits shall be protected only in the phase-lines by fuses of suitable
rating or by other suitable approved protective devices. The neutral shall be
connected by a removable link located near the protective devices.
All mains transformers shall have an electrostatic screen, which shall be

earthed.
Except where the prior approval of the Purchaser is obtained, wires external to
the equipment shall be coloured in accordance with the current IEC
recommendation.
1.5.4.2 Direct Current
It shall be possible to remove/replace cards without damage and without

interfering with the operation of the rest of the equipment or system; if
necessary consideration should be given to switching off the supplies locally to
a card to prevent inadvertent interference to the equipment or system when
removing/ replacing a card.
Power supply busbars in cubicles shall be carefully routed and each busbar shall
be shrouded. It shall not be possible to inadvertently short busbars either
between themselves or to earth.
1.5.5 Batteries
Electronic equipment shall not use local internal batteries unless the approval
of the Purchaser has been obtained. Where approval is given, batteries used
inside equipment shall be of the totally sealed, leak-proof type.
1.5.6 Earthing
Provision shall be made for earthing all equipment intended for connection in
an a.c. mains supply.
All metal work and metal chassis shall be connected to earth.
Connections between circuits and metal work shall only be made for reasons of
safety and/or reduction of interference. Where such connections are made,
they shall not be used as normal current-carrying earth returns.
Earthing conductors shall be at least equal in cross-sectional area to the supply

conductors and shall be capable of carrying the fault current.
Provision of earthing grid at the RTU shall be the responsibility of this Contract.
1.5.7 Protection
All circuits shall be protected so that in the event of a component fault, no

damage occurs to any inter- connecting wiring and any other damage that does
occur is confined as closely as possible to the fault.
Protective devices shall be so arranged that the risk of fire within the
equipment is minimised. The greatest possible protection shall be provided,
consistent with reliability and the ability to withstand operational conditions.
Power supply units shall be protected with voltage trip and overload current
circuits. Recovery after a fault shall be automatic for input over/under voltage
and manual for output over/under voltage and over current condition.
If any protective device, such as a fuse, is incorporated in the output circuits of a

current limited power supply unit, the available current under short circuit
conditions shall be sufficient to operate them. Fuses shall be in the "non-
common" side of the circuit.
Indication of blown fuses shall be clearly displayed. Circuits shall be grouted so

that, following the operation of a protective device, the minimum practicable
loss of facilities occurs. For controls, no false operation shall occur as a result of
a fuse blown.
1.5.8 Fire Precautions
All apparatus, connections and cabling shall be designed and arranged to

minimise the risk of fire and any damage which might be caused in the event of
fire. Where apparatus is normally energised, adequate precautions such as
fusing, over voltage or over current protection, shall be provided to avoid risk of
fire in the event of excessive current due to a fault on one of the components in
the circuit.
1.5.9 Interference
1.5.9.1 Self-generated Interference
Equipment shall not generate any type of interference at a level which could be
detrimental to the performance of any other equipment or which could cause
annoyance or discomfort to personnel.
The earthing and cabling arrangements shall be such that detrimental

interference is not generated.
1.5.9.2 External Interference
In the presence of interference expected in power station and substation

environment, the design of the equipment shall be such that no damage occurs
and correct performance is maintained to the requirements of the
Specifications.
1.5.10 Noise and Vibration
The acoustical noise levels and/or vibration produced by the equipment in

operation shall be as low as reasonably practicable for the type of equipment
concerned.
1.5.11 Setting-up and Maintenance Facilities
All equipment shall be provided with sufficient easily accessible test points to
facilitate setting-up and fault locating together with maintenance aids such as
extension boards, jumper leads and special maintenance tools.
Pin or terminal numbering of all cards in all crates shall be consistently uniform
throughout. Power supplies shall use the same pin positions on all cards in an
equipment or system.
1.5.12 Loose Equipment
Special connecting leads, extension boards and any special item required for
calibration or maintenance purposes, together with the mating half of all
necessary connectors shall be supplied.
1.6 CONSTRUCTION
1.6.1 Equipment Mounting Practice

Unless otherwise stated all apparatus of the electro-mechanical and electronic

types such as relays, transducers, smart meters etc., shall be accommodated on
panels/shelves in cubicles.
Cubicles shall be complete with all necessary tag blocks, terminal plates and
blocks and cable glanding facilities for small wiring and multicore cables. These
items shall be located in an approved easily accessible position.
The design and construction of all cubicles, junction boxes, etc., shall be such
that cable terminations are arranged for bottom cable entry for all cables.
The general design of cubicles shall be subject to approval, but they shall in
general be of fabricated steel construction provided with shelves on which
mounting plates can be accommodated.
Cubicles shall be free-standing and shall permit anchoring to the floor.
The arrangement and method of mounting of all apparatus in the cubicles shall
be to the approval of the Purchaser.
Cubicles shall be dust, vermin and termite proof. Hinged doors shall be
provided and arranged to lie flat back and not restrict access to the apparatus
contained within the cubicle. Hinged doors shall be of the lift-off type and shall
be secured with integral handles and shall be flush fitting and sealed with a
gasket of rubber or other approved material to prevent the ingress of dust.
Cubicles and doors shall be structurally sound and not liable to distortion.
Where hinged gates are used for mounting equipments, the wiring shall be
adequately protected with sufficient length and flexibility to the equipment.
The lowest shelf or mounting plate shall not be less than 250 mm above floor
level.
Equipment provided in duplicate to function as on-line and standby units shall

be arranged in separate cubicles and separate suites to allow either unit to be
set up, powered, and tested independently of the other unit to ensure that the
equipment is in working order and to ensure the avoidance of common mode
failure.
1.6.2 Component Mounting
1.6.2.1 Layout
Component parts shall be so located, secured and disposed with respect to

each other and the structural members, that they can be inspected, removed
and replaced without damage to, or undue disturbance of, other parts or
wiring.
Components generating a significant amount of heat shall be adequately

spaced from their mounting boards and from other components.
1.6.3 Electrical Connections
Not more than three wires shall be soldered or wrapped to any one terminal
post.
1.6.4 Printed Circuit Boards
Printed circuit boards shall be epoxy glass fabricated boards to B.S. 4584
suitable for use in hot humid climates.
Printed circuit boards shall, in general, comply with B.S. 4025. It shall not be
possible to plug boards in the wrong sockets or wrong mating.
1.6.5 Ventilation
Heat dissipation of cubicle mounted equipment shall be kept as low as possible.

For equipment which will be supplied to this Specification, the average
dissipation per cubicle shall be stated in the Tender.
Natural cooling is preferred. The approval of the Purchaser must be obtained in

all cases where it is intended to incorporate forced cooling.
Where the use of forced cooling has been approved, means shall be provided
for indicating and alarming any significant reduction in air flow, and the
equipment shall be so protected that no damage occurs due to failure of the
forced cooling. The full requirements of the performance specification shall be
maintained until the protective device operates, and the Tenderer shall state
how long the equipment can remain in operation at maximum ambient
temperature without forced cooling. The effect on its subsequent performance
shall also be stated. Air blown through equipment for cooling purposes shall
first be passed through an efficient dust filter. Multi-stage filters, arranged to
permit individual filters to be removed for cleaning, are preferred.
1.6.6 Identification
1.6.6.1 Equipment Labelling
Labelling of equipment shall be adequate to enable its correct location, and to

facilitate routine testing and maintenance. All labels shall be clear, bold,
concise, durable and securely fixed.
Each equipment shall be marked with its function, manufacturer's name or

trade mark and the code or type number, together with the batch or serial
number.
1.6.6.2 Unit Mounting Position
Each mounting position shall be marked to indicate the type of unit located in
that position.
1.6.6.3 Component Identification
Component reference numbers shall be marked adjacent to the component.

Where this is impossible, components shall be identifiable from the layout
drawings provided under the Contract.
The following shall be marked in all instances:-
(i) Fuses
The rating and the circuit identification of each fuse shall be marked
adjacent to the fuse base.
(ii) Control and Indicating Devices
The function of each control and indicating device shall be marked.
(iii) Pre-set Controls
The circuit reference and if possible, the function shall be marked

adjacent to each pre-set control in a position where it will be clearly
visible while the adjustment is being made.
(iv) Connectors
The diagram reference number shall be marked on or adjacent to each

connector.
(v) Test Points shall be individually marked with the diagram reference
number.
(vi) The polarity of any polarised devices.
1.6.6.4 Terminals
Each terminal of a screw-type terminal block shall bear the identification

marking either on the body of the block or adjacent to it.
All other terminal blocks shall be marked with their circuit designation and rows
shall be marked to identify each connection, to the approval of the Purchaser.
1.6.6.5 Wiring
All cores shall be fitted with marker ties marked with the nomenclature
adopted for these conductors on the manufacturer's diagrams.
All other wiring shall be identifiable either by an approved colour code, marker
ties marked with the nomenclature adopted for these conductors on the
manufacturer's diagrams, or by circuit reference at the terminals. An
interconnection chart shall be supplied.
1.6.6.6 External Wiring
Cabling external to the cubicles shall be P.V.C. insulated, P.V.C. sheathed, single
wire armoured and P.V.C. served, 600/1000 volts grade in compliance with B.S.
6346 (1969).
1.7 COMPONENTS
In general, components used in equipment manufactured to this Specification

shall meet the requirements for temperature/ humidity category 40/070/56 in
accordance with IEC 68 or B.S. 2013 unless otherwise specified for particular
components.
All electronic components shall comply fully with the requirements of the
relevant document in the B.S. 9000 series.
1.8 CONNECTORS AND SOCKETS
As a general requirement to avoid problems of silver migration, all contacts

should be gold flashed or gold plated.
The design and arrangement of connectors shall be such that incorrect mating
cannot occur. An approved device shall be provided for latching each free plug
or socket in the mated position.
SECTION 2 - TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
The RTUs and components covered by this Specification shall comply with the
following technical requirements. In the event of a contradiction between the
requirements of this Section and all other sections, the requirements of this
section shall take precedence.
2.0 INTRODUCTION
Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) are required to be installed to support

Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) facility for power network
expansion throughout the state of Sarawak.
2.1 GENERAL
Remote Terminal Units with single processor module supporting master system
scanning via serial connections are for the following substations:

2.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENT
Central Processing Unit (CPU) based Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) with
distributed structure on Local Area Network (LAN) or Serial Link e.g. RS485, etc.
is required.
The RTU must be proven to be capable in communicating with the existing GE

XA/21 master systems in State Despatch Centre and Regional Distribution
Centres.
The RTU must also be proven to be capable in communicating with the

existing downstream GE D10 and D20 RTUs.
The existing master system/RTU protocol and submaster/RTU protocol used

is mainly Harris 5000 protocol.
The tenderer is to ensure that the RTUs supplied under the Contract shall
work satisfactorily with the Purchaser’s master systems and RTUs. RTUs
delivered but not working properly with Purchaser’s GE master systems and
RTUs shall be subject to Condition of Contract, Clause 5 Delay.
The Purchaser will not provide assistance in resolving any problem between
the RTUs supplied under the Contract to work with the Purchaser’s Master
System and RTUs. Also, the Purchaser will not provide any Master System
or RTU for testing with the supplied RTU.
This tender is only for the supply and delivery of RTUs. All site installation
and testing shall be excluded.
2.2.1 System Security
It shall not be possible for failure of any module, component, cable pair or
peripheral equipment to stop or disrupt the rest of the system from
functioning.
The routing of the highways shall be carefully guarded to preserve their

integrity at all times. Inadvertent shorting or earthing of the highway wires, or
component failure of a unit using the highway, shall not lead to damage and/or
other component failure.
2.2.2 Future Extensions
It shall be possible to add modules in the future.
The design and physical layout of the RTU shall be on a modular basis so that
extra facilities, such as an increase in number of status points or analogues etc.,
may be added with minimum of disturbance. Thus, for example, sub-racks shall
be pre-wired and equipped with sockets to take the full complement of cards
even though they need not be equipped with all cards on installation.
2.2.3 Reliability
The design of the RTU shall be arranged so that failure of a

component/unit/module shall lead to a fail-safe condition.
2.2.4 Prevention of Continuous Cycling
The design of the RTU shall be such that a repetitive transmission in either
direction or a continuous cycling condition cannot arise due to any fault.
2.2.5 Prevention of Double Control
It shall not be possible to make two controls at the same time until the previous
control has been completed or cancelled.
2.2.6 Security of Control Selections
Security of control selections is paramount and every precaution in the

software and hardware design and implementation shall be taken to ensure
that false selection of a control shall not be possible. Failure of equipment
which interrupt the control signal either permanently or intermittently shall not
lead to a false control selection. Injection of noise into the control signal shall
not lead to a false control selection.
2.2.7 Switching On/Off
It shall not be necessary to switch on/off supplies to the RTU in a particular

sequence. Switching on and off of RTU shall not produce any false signal.
2.2.8 Preventive Maintenance
The RTU shall be capable of operation without shut down for periodic
preventive maintenance.
2.3 REDUNDANT PROCESSOR FAILOVER AND COMMUNICATION CHANNELS

CHANGEOVER
RTU shall remain in operation in the event of redundant processor module

failover or when communication channel failure/changeover. The Tenderer
shall describe the information retention/update during and after the
changeover.
2.4 RTU CAPACITY
The RTU shall be supported by status points, analogue points, control points,
accumulator points, set points, etc.
Each local RTU shall be software sized for (minimum):
Status points: 1800

Analogue points: 600
Control points: 300
Accumulator points: 200
Set points: 40
Each RTU shall also be supported with the following capacities (minimum):
(a) As a sub-master for 6 downstream RTUs.
Each downstream RTU shall have:
(i) 315 digital inputs made up of single point alarms and HV switchgear
open/close double-point indications.
(ii) 63 analogue readings.

(iii) 40 open/close, raise/lower controls.
(b) Support multiple master systems with different protocol (at least 4
master systems).
(c) Control logic sequence programming (multiple levels and steps).
(d) Analogue reference points at 90.0% and –90.0% (for each 32 analog
points).
(e) Status and control dummy points.
The actual number of hardware points to be provided under this Contract shall
be depended on the RTU Harris port configuration. Please refer to Item 2.7 of
this specification. Tenderers shall include 15% spare of each type of points.
2.5 DETAILED SYSTEM HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
2.5.1 Portable Test Set
Portable Test Set Unit shall be supplied as optional item.
Portable Test Set Unit permits maintenance personnel to selectively test both
the master system and the RTU. It shall be possible to:
Monitor the information flows in both directions between master system and
RTUs.
(a) simulate as an RTU so that the master system can work with the Test
Set as if it were the RTU.
(b) simulate as the master system so that the RTU can work with the Test
Set as if it were the master system.
The Test Set shall provide the following visual displays:
(c) Communication bits, e.g. Parity Fail, No Reply, Busy, DCD, RTS, CTS, TXD,
RXD, etc.
(d) All the information from the RTU.
The master system/RTU and submaster/RTU protocol(s) implemented in the

Test Set shall be exactly the same as those in the RTU supplied.
2.5.2 RTU Equipment
To support almost unrestricted expansion within the RTU, distributed concepts

shall be employed. The distributed components shall include all the
Input/Output (I/O) modules, application modules, etc.
Linkage between these modules shall be through RTU's Local Area Network
(LAN) or serial link e.g. RS485, etc.
The RTU shall be capable and ready for redundant LAN connection or
redundant serial link e.g. RS485, etc. to the redundant processor boards.
The RTU shall support master systems’ scanning via TCP/IP LAN and RS232
serial connections.
The RTU shall transmit information to the master system only upon the request
from the master system.
The RTU must have on-site capability for re-configuration of RTU structure. The
RTU shall be intelligent with scanning procedure, data storage and perform I/O
points calculation and control sequence programming. Change of state or
analogue value exceeding defined dead band is fed to the master system for
updating, etc.
Unique addresses shall be used for each RTU. Each time the RTU replies to any
scan interrogation it must include automatically a verification of the scan
address.
Control message sequences must be capable of being initiated at any time to

control the Purchaser's devices. Capability must also be included to allow set
point values to be sent from master system to the RTU for set point control of
Purchaser's device.
Tenderers shall provide programmable facilities for the RTU and give full details
of the facilities available.
The equipment at an RTU shall consist of the following:-
(a) Processor (CPU) Board
The CPU board shall run in high performance for utilise real-time, multi-
tasking operating system and shall operate in multiprocessing real-time
environment.
The CPU board shall be linked to other RTU component/modules via

LAN or serial link e.g. RS485, etc. It shall also be capable to support the
redundant LAN or serial link e.g. RS485, etc. and redundant processor
board for failover purpose.
The CPU boards shall have the capability to monitor the healthy states
of the other CPU boards in a redundant configuration.
This CPU board shall provide at least 7 communication ports to support

multi-protocol (either to talk to different master stations, smart meters,
intelligent devices or act as submaster to communicate to down stream

RTUs). The proven protocols supported must be Harris 5000 RTU
protocol and DNP3.0 (both for submaster and RTU). Modbus protocol
shall be included. The support for IEC61850 protocol will be an
advantage. DNP3 and Modbus protocol shall support serial and TCP/IP.
Also, multiple communication ports, under the control of the CPU

board, shall be used to support multiple communication channels
between the RTU and the master system. Usage of whichever
communication channel shall be controlled by the master system.
A maintenance port shall be provided for maintenance and RTU

configuration purpose.
Message housekeeping and processing functions shall be performed by

this CPU board.
In this contract, the CPU board shall operate to support the

communication rate of typically 600 baud and 1200 baud to the Master
Station. However its rate shall be adjustable up to 115200 baud.
The CPU board shall be provided with local test facilities which can be
used to routinely test the RTU components upon power on. The test
facilities shall provide visual displays of communication bits, I/O point
information, etc.
The CPU board shall be VME bus compatible, capable of addressing at

least 4 megabytes of on-board memory and at least four gigabytes of
off-board memory (via the VME bus).
The data and address buses shall be at least 32 bit wide.
The redundant CPU boards failover is meant to increase system

availability in the event of any CPU board failure. If one CPU board fails,
the RTU will continue to run via the other CPU board.
(b) Analogue Inputs
Micro processor or microcomputer based analogue board to support

analogue inputs is required.
The analogue board shall be linked to other RTU component/modules

via LAN or serial link e.g. RS485, etc. It shall also be capable to support
the redundant LAN or serial link e.g. RS485 and redundant processor
Analogue inputs shall be bi-polar and fully isolated from Purchaser’s

power plant.
The overall accuracy class of the analogue/digital and digital/analogue

conversions shall be +\- 0.05% or better. The resolution shall be at least
14 bits plus sign.
Auto calibration shall be provided to ensure accuracy of all the analogue

points.
The maximum total analogue/digital or digital/analogue conversion for

all the points on the board shall be less than 1 second.
The analogue input ranges shall be –10 to 0 to +10mA and 0 to +10mA

for bi-directional and uni-directional respectively.
It shall be possible to short circuit the analogue inputs or leave them at

open circuited or short circuited to earth without damage to the
analogue board.
Filtering of each analogue shall be provided to contain any ripple to

within +\- 0.3%.
(c) Status Inputs
Micro processor or microcomputer based status board to support status

inputs is required.
The status board shall be linked to other RTU component/modules via

redundant LAN or serial link e.g. RS485 and redundant processor board
for failover purpose.
The status points shall be scanned in every 1 millisecond minimum.

Debounce filtering capability up to 64 milliseconds shall be provided.
Changes of status shall be time tagged to the nearest millisecond.
Status inputs (indication and alarm) shall be connected via isolation

electronic or other means from voltage-free contacts at the power
plant. Please note that there may have some induced voltage resulting
from lengthy cable run etc. and the status board shall function properly
under the condition.
It shall be possible to short circuit the status inputs or leave them open
circuited, or short circuited to earth without damage to the status
board.
The status points shall make use of the RTU 48V dc source for contact
wetting. Each status input shall not draw more than 10 milli-amps (48V
dc) for closed contact.
(d) Accumulator Inputs
Pulse accumulator points shall be implemented via status board.
Pulses from meter contacts shall be processed and digitally stored the
accumulated pulses between standard acquisition periods.
(e) Control Outputs
Micro processor or microcomputer based control board to support

control outputs is required.
The control board shall be linked to other RTU component/modules via

redundant LAN or serial link e.g. RS485 and redundant processor board
for failover purpose.
Control output shall be set-up for master close and master trip
configuration.
Facility to disable/enable the control output function manually shall be

provided.
Control initialisation command received at the RTU shall initiate the

operation of the control sequence with correct output relay selection.
Confirmation code of the correct selection will then be sent back to the
master system.
On receipt of the “execute” command from the master system, the

output relay shall be operated and confirmation of execution shall be
returned to the master system.
There shall be interval timeout between successive steps in this

sequence. After a control sequence has been started, failure to receive
any step in the sequence shall lead to cancellation of the control and
return an alarm to the master system.
Not more than one control sequence shall be possible at a time.

Selection of two or more controls simultaneously or in quick succession
without one having been completed shall result in cancellation of both
requests and return of an alarm to the master system.
The contact closure duration of the control relay output shall be

configurable in millisecond multiples. The control relay output shall be
able to hold the contact for a minimum of 500 milliseconds before

releasing automatically. The relay must have the contact rating of 300
VA or more.
To ensure reliability, output relay coil status shall be checked at least

every 500 microseconds. Upon detection of any abnormalities, the
control output function shall be disabled.
The control relay contact rating shall be 150 VA. Each control output
relay shall have two physical voltage free contacts to provide:
- Control to plant.
- Status for control feedback confirmation to the RTU
(f) Analogue Output (Set Points)
Set points with analogue output of 4 to 20mA shall be provided.
Micro processor or microcomputer based analogue board to support

analogue outputs is required.
The analogue board shall be linked to other RTU component/modules

via LAN or serial link e.g. RS485, etc. It shall also be capable to support
the redundant LAN or serial link e.g. RS485 and redundant processor
Analogue outputs shall be bi-polar and fully isolated from Purchaser’s

plant.
The overall accuracy class of the digital/analogue conversions shall be

+\- 0.15% or better. The resolution shall be at least 12 bits plus sign.
It shall be possible to short circuit the analogue outputs or leave them

open circuited, or short circuited to earth without damage to the
analogue board.
(g) Tap Position Inputs
To handle tap position analog readings.
This shall be implemented using analogue board.
(h) Dummy Breaker and Dummy Analogue Reading
To permit testing of the facilities at each RTU from the master system,
at least a dummy breaker and two dummy analogue readings shall be
provided at the RTU which will be allocated discrete addresses to
operate as if it was a real breaker or a real analogue reading.
The addresses of the dummy points shall not be used by any other
device.
For the dummy analogue reading, consideration should be given to

returning 90% and –90% calibration marks to show that the equipment
is digitising correctly.
(i) Modems/Isolation Transformer (Optional)
Modems and matching isolation transformers are optional items.
DC powered FSK Modems supporting CCITT V.23 specifications for use

on 4 wire circuits with data rates of 1200 baud shall be provided.
600 ohm transmit and receive line impedances shall be provided at the
modem as tip and ring pairs.
The modems shall have RS-232C digital interface.
The mark frequency and space frequency are 1300Hz and 2100Hz
respectively.
Matching isolation transformer shall be able to withstand 5kV surge.
The modems supporting data rates of 9600 baud shall also be proposed
as optional items.
(j) Configuration/Test Facilities
To configure/test the various components/modules at the RTU, two

types of configuration/test facilities shall be provided:
(i) Plant Simulator, which shall be used to simulate inputs and

outputs of modules, so as to enable the operation of the RTU to
be checked.
(ii) RTU configurator shall be used to configure the structure of RTU

to suit Purchaser's Plant requirements.
(k) Sequence Of Event (SOE)
Sequence Of Event (SOE) function with resolution of 1 milli-second or

better shall be supported.
Sequence Of Event (SOE) function shall be provided for all the status
points.
(l) Global Positioning System (GPS)

Global Positioning System (GPS) clock receiver shall be quoted as

optional item to support SOE function.
2.6 DETAILED SYSTEM FACILITY REQUIREMENTS
(a) Multiple Protocol/Multiple Master System Support
The RTU shall be capable in supporting multiple protocol communicating

via multiple communication ports to multiple master systems. Proven
Harris 5000 protocol and DNP3.0 level 3 protocol shall be provided in this
Contract. As the RTU shall be scanned by master systems via LAN and
RS232 serial connections, the protocols shall support scanning via LAN
and RS232 serial connections.
Besides the Harris 5000 protocol, Tenderer shall submit a list of all the
proven protocols that the RTU can support.
Modbus protocol shall be included in this contract. Support for

IEC61850 shall be an advantage.
The proven protocols have to be proven in the field with RTUs

communicating via the protocols with the master systems.
Tenderer shall also provide a reference list of all the systems which had
been functioning in the field communicating via Harris 5000 protocol and
DNP3.0 level 3 protocol. Failure to provide the list will render the tender
submission to be not compliant and will not be considered further. The
list shall include the contact person’s name, address and contact number.
RTU Communication Port 1, Communication Port 2 and Communication

Port 3 shall be reserved for this application.
(b) Submaster
The RTU shall be capable of supporting submaster with data

concentrator capability. In this Contract, the protocol used to
communicate with the downstream RTUs shall be Harris 5000 protocol
and DNP 3.0 level 3 protocols. These protocols shall be provided.
Support for IEC61850 shall be an advantage.
As the downstream RTUs shall be scanned via LAN and RS232 serial
connections, the protocols shall support scanning via LAN and RS232
serial connections.
The proven protocols have to be proven in the field with RTUs

communicating via the protocols with the master systems.
Tenderer shall also provide a list of all the systems which had been
functioning in the field communicating via Harris 5000 protocol and DNP
3.0 level 3 protocol. Failure to provide the list will render the tender
list shall include the contact person’s name, address and contact
number.
The submaster function shall include the capability to communicate to

the downstream RTUs through FSK leased line modem, auto-dial
modem, Power Line Carrier (PLC) modem and fiber optic modem. RTU
Communication Port 4 and Communication Port 5 shall be reserved for
this application.
Each submaster shall be configured to scan 6 downstream RTUs via two

RS232 communication ports.
Each downstream RTU shall have:
(a) 315 digital inputs made up of single point alarms and HV

switchgear open/close double-point indications.
(b) 63 analogue readings.
(c) 40 open/close, raise/lower controls.
The hardware addresses for the 6 downstream RTUs shall be:
RS232 communication port 1: 1, 5, 10

RS232 communication port 2: 1, 5, 10
The RTU Harris port configuration for each downstream RTU is:
Port 1: 64 Statuses 30 Controls

Port 2: 64 Statuses 8 Controls
Port 3: 64 Statuses
Port 4: 64 Statuses
Port 5: 64 Statuses
Port 6: Spare
Port 7: 63 Analogue
(c) PML 3710 ACM Meter Interface
The RTU shall be able to communicate to the PML 3710 ACM meter
version V2.3.1.0-B for status, analogue and accumulator values retrieval,
as well as execution of meter controls.
The protocol shall be of the proven type. Tenderer shall provide a list of
all the systems which had been functioning in the field communicating
via this protocol. Failure to provide the list will render the tender
list shall include the contact person’s name, address and contact
number.
The interface to the PML 3710 ACM meters shall be via PML COM32
RS232 to RS485 converter. The communication port to be used for the
interface shall be Communication Port 7 and at 9600bps.
Please refer to APPENDIX II for the points transferred via this interface.
(d) Modbus Protocol
Modbus is to be used in serial communication via RS-232/RS-485

serial link to multiple (up to 32) intelligent meters. The transmit and
receive data rates shall be at least 9600 baud.
The analog values obtained from the intelligent meters are: MW,
MVar, MWH, MVarH, etc.
The communication interfaces shall have:

(i) Transmission Mode must use four wire full duplex.
(ii) Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC) for error checking.
(iii) The transmit and receive data rates for serial communication
shall be at least 9600 baud and one character time of 2ms.
(iv) Data bit is 8.
(v) Start Bits is 1.
(vi) Number of stop bits is 1 or 2.
(vii) Type of parity checking used shall be odd, even or none.
(e) Control Logic Sequence Programming (Logiclinx)
RTU shall support Control Logic Sequence programming feature. This

software shall be run as part of the RTU (in parallel to other protocol
implementations and user functions) or as a stand-alone feature.
The control logic sequence feature shall effect automatic monitoring

and controlling of devices (via I/O modules) based on events, time,
changes of states, or values received from various input modules.
All arithmetic and logical operations, together with user define-able

operations shall be supported.
(f) Analogue Reference Point and Status/Control Dummy Point

Analogue reference points with values of +90% and –90% shall be

provided for each 32 numbers of analogue inputs.
If the values of analogue reference points become incorrect beyond the

dead band, the corresponding 32 numbers of analogue input shall
become invalid and alarm shall be generated.
Dummy status points shall always be points 1 and 2 of the first status
board. Dummy control point shall be the point 1 of the first control
board. Analogue reference points shall always be points 1/2 and points
33/34 of the analogue board.
(g) RTU Re-configuration Capability
Facility to support RTU structure re-configuration shall be provided. RTU

structure shall include reduction or addition of RTU
components/modules, applications, functions and features.
This capability can be implemented either in the RTU (supported by a

terminal) or in a Personal Computer (PC) with re-configured file
downloaded to the RTU.
Re-configuration procedures shall be menu driven with error

checking/confirmation features to ensure that proper configuration is
being done.
Security feature to prevent unauthorised re-configuration shall be

supported.
(h) RTU Configuration Files
2 sets of the final RTU configuration files shall be submitted to the

purchaser. These files shall include all the files required for RTU re-
configuration as stated in item 2.6 (vii) above, together with all the
supporting files.
These files shall be stored on CD-ROMs.
(i) Distributed Input/Output Modules (Optional)
RTU shall have the capability to support Input/Output (I/O) modules

connected in LAN or serial link e.g. RS485. Medium of connection
supported shall be fibre optic cable and electrical cable.
The minimum distance that the LAN or serial link e.g. RS485 can support
shall be at least 1000 meter.
2.7 RTU Configurations
(a) RTU Communication Port Assignments
RTU Communication Ports shall be assigned as follow:
Communication
Port
1 : For communication to master system 1
4 : For communication to downstream RTUs
5 : For communication to downstream RTUs
6 : Spare :For interface to PML3710ACM meters
(b) Physical and Logical RTUs
Physical RTU shall always be 1, and logical RTU assignments shall be in

the following set-up:
Logical RTU
1 : Local RTU 1 (master system 1)
3 : Downstream RTU 1 (master system 1)
9 : Spare
10 : Spare
11 : Spare
20 : Spare
21 : Spare
22 : Spare
If the number of local RTU is beyond 2, downstream RTUs and PML

meters shall be shifted to cope.
Number of logical RTU shall be extended to cope with 3 master systems.
(c) RTU Port Configurations
Please refer to APPENDIX I for the port configurations of all the RTUs.
2.8 Optional Items
The following items shall be quoted as optional items:
(a) Training
Training shall be quoted as optional item.
Training shall be divided into 2 categories:
Installation, re-configuration, set-up, testing and maintenance.
Tenderer shall recommend all the training courses required to enable

the Purchaser’s personnel to competently carry out the installation, re-
configuration, set-up, testing and maintenance of the RTU.
Recommended courses shall be thorough and in sufficient details with

examples to facilitate the Purchaser’s personnel to perform the
installation, re-configuration, set-up, testing and maintenance of the
RTU competently. Training courses shall be conducted on-site.
(b) Spare Parts
Spare parts shall be quoted as optional items.
RTU spares shall be recommended. They shall include all the RTU main
components/modules e.g. I/O module, I/O termination board, CPU
board, LAN board, modem, power supply, etc.
RTU spares shall include at least 15% of each type of

components/modules.
(c) Supply Of RTUs As Parts
The tenderer shall provide optional quotation to supply the RTU as

parts. This shall exclude the supply of engineering and documents.
However, it shall include all the parts required e.g. cubicle, battery,
charger, power supply, I/O module, I/O termination board, CPU board,
ready made LAN or serial link e.g. RS485, all the necessary ready made
cable (with connector), Cable trunking, heater, thermostat, lamp, rails,
power switch, Dummy relay, Dummy analogue points, etc.
The purchaser may only award portions of the RTU parts or certain RTU
parts.
2.9 RTU Cubicle
Each cubicle shall form a complete enclosure.
Cubicles shall be of rigid sheet steel construction, preferably folded but

alternatively formed on a framework of standard rolled sections. They shall
be complete with any supporting steelwork necessary for mounting on
concrete foundations.
Cubicles shall be having a minimum thickness of 2 mm.
The stiffness shall be rigid. The exterior of the cubicle shall be finished with a
light coloured paint. Close fitting lockable steel doors shall be provided and
hinged in such a manner that they may be operated through 1500.
The interior of each cubicle shall be finished with a light coloured paint and
interior flourescent lamps suitable for the local LVAC supply and controlled
by a door operating switch, shall be fitted at the top of each cubicle. Anti-
condensation heaters shall also be fitted in each cubicle.
Unless otherwise approved, panels shall be suitable for floor mounting and
shall provide for bottom entry of power and multicore cables via removable
steel gland plates. Gland plates shall be at least 3 mm thick.
Equipment and terminals shall be readily accessible and shall require a

minimum of disturbance of associated and adjacent equipment for access.
Removable gland plates shall be provided within the cubicles, so located as to

provide adequate working clearance for terminating the cables.
All sections of a composite cubicle shall be suitably labelled and each section
or panel shall also be readily identified by labels at the rear with access doors
either open or closed.
The arrangement and mounting of all indicating devices, control switches,

relays and other apparatus shall be to the approval of the Engineer. The
exterior finish and colour of all cubicles shall be to the approval of the
Engineer.
The cubicles shall comply with enclosure category IP55.

2.10 Detailed List of Requirement
The following schedule details the principal items in the contract and includes
the supply of everything necessary, whether the items are being fully described
or not.

Each RTU shall consist of:
(i) Processor module(s)

(ii) Status modules/termination modules
(iii) Analogue modules/termination modules
(iv) Control modules/termination modules
(v) Power supply
(vi) Dummy analogue points and dummy status and control points
(vii) All necessary cabling
(viii) All necessary supporting equipment
(ix) Protocols: Harris 5000, Modbus (TCP/IP and Serial) and DNP 3.0 Level 3
(TCP/IP and Serial)
(x) LAN/Serial Link
(xi) Modem/Isolation Transformer
(xii) Control Logic Sequence Programming / Logiclinx
(xiii) PML 3710 ACM interface
(xiv) Submaster function
(xv) RTU configuration/testing facilities
(xvi) Sequence Of Event points
(xvii) GPS Receiver
(xviii) Configuration File
SCHEDULE A - DRAWINGS AND HANDBOOKS
1.0 GENERAL
The Tenderer is to submit with his tender general dimensioned drawings

showing all the essential items of plant being offered together with sufficient
details to enable the general arrangement of plant to be determined.
Equipment Layout Drawings are to be provided with the number, the function,
and the size or types of cubicles so that adequate accommodation may be
allowed in the Civil Works Contracts for the Substation Control Buildings.
2.0 SIZE OF DRAWING
All equipment drawings shall show all important dimensions and only metric
dimensions shall be used. (Imperial dimensions may be shown in brackets).
3.0 TYPES OF DRAWING
The requirements for the types of drawing which are required are detailed in
3.1 and 3.5.
3.1 HARDWARE DRAWINGS
Where practicable all hardware drawings shall be drawn so that the main
sequence of events is from left to right and, where necessary for arrangement
purposes, from top to bottom.
3.2 OVERALL DIAGRAMS
3.2.1 Block Diagrams
Block diagrams shall show the flow of information between the identifiable
parts of a system with thickening of lines, where necessary, to show the main
flow of information. Block diagrams shall be provided for each type of signalling
facility.
3.2.2 Integrating or Trunking Diagrams
Integrating or trunking diagrams shall show the interconnection between all

units, identifying these by drawing number.
3.3 UNITS DRAWINGS
3.3.1 Circuit Diagrams
(a) Circuit diagrams are required for each units, sub-unit, plug-in board and
integrated circuit used in the complete equipment.
(b) The circuit diagram for any one unit shall be completely self-contained,
self explanatory, readily related to other circuit diagrams and shall
include such information as supply voltage values, polarity and
interconnections, suitably designated.
(c) All component symbols shall be marked with their circuit references and
the nominal value of components shall be marked on the circuit
diagram whether or not a component list is included on the same
diagram. Components with three of more connections or those where
direction of current flow is required, shall have the connection points
identified.
(d) The function shall be provided of all controls, switches, keys and
reference number shall be provided.
3.3.2 Servicing Diagrams
Servicing diagrams for units are required for maintenance purposes and shall
show all components and their interconnections.
3.3.3 Logic Diagrams
Logic diagrams shall be provided for digital systems and show all logic functions,
not necessarily in graphical form.
3.4 EQUIPMENT INFORMATION DRAWINGS
3.4.1 Equipment Drawings
Equipment or General Assembly drawings shall show the layout of equipment in

cubicles together with details of the various units.
3.4.2 Cubicle Wiring Diagrams
Cubicle wiring diagrams/chart shall show the inter-unit wiring within the cubicle
or rack, in addition to miscellaneous services provided, i.e. supplies,
distribution, alarms etc.
3.4.3 Interconnection Diagrams
Interconnection diagrams and charts or schedules shall show the necessary

connections between cubicles of equipment and all items connected to the
equipment by means of external cables. They shall also show the type of cable,
(i.e. size of wire, colours, insulation) to be used for these connections and any
special arrangements for terminating.
3.4.4 Mechanical and Piece Part Drawings
Mechanical and Piece Part drawings shall show manufacturing details of the
various part required and a stock list (if required).
Material, finish, tolerance, bending radii and the like shall be shown. Third
angle projection shall be used. All dimensions to be in metres or millimetres.
3.5 SOFTWARE DRAWINGS
Software drawings shall consist of the following:-

Block Diagram
System Flow Charts
Program Flow Charts
Tables/File Layouts
Store Layouts/Maps
I/O Formats and Address Allocations
List of error messages and manual commands
3.5.1 Block Diagrams
Block Diagrams (or Data Flow Diagrams) shall show the flow of information
between the Identifiable parts of the system, such as inputs, core store,
peripherals etc., with thickened lines, which are necessary, to show the main
flow of information.
3.5.2 System Flow Charts
System Flow Charts shall be provided in which each individual program is

represented by a box. The chart will illustrate each program's method of
activation and suspension and the sequence of running programs in the system.
3.5.3 Program Flow Charts
These shall be produced for different levels of understanding to show how a

program operates. Level 1 shall be a simple flow chart showing the main
features of a program. Level 2 shall be more detailed. Depending on the
complexity of the program, a Level 3 flow chart may be necessary. From the
final level of flow chart, coding can begin.
3.5.4 Table Layouts
These shall show the layout of tables used for particular purposes and shall
show the usage of each bit of the "word" used in the computer.
3.5.5 Store Maps
These shall show how the core and hard disc drive is used and shall give
absolute addresses of the start and finish of each dedicated area.
3.5.6 Input/Output Formats
These shall show the layout of formats used for inputting and outputting
information into and out of the system. Non printing characters such as CR and
LF shall be shown.
3.5.7 Lists of System Error Messages and Manual Commands
Lists shall be provided of the system error messages that can be output by the
system together with the reason and usage of such messages.
Lists shall be provided of the manual commands required to operate the

system.
3.5.8 Protocols
Complete and detailed documentation regarding RTU protocols, submaster

protocols and PML 3710 ACM meter protocol shall be supplied.
4.0 SYMBOLS
All graphical and logical symbols for hardware drawings shall comply with
International Standards.
5.0 DRAWINGS TO BE SUBMITTED BY TENDERERS
(i) RTU design drawings.

(ii) RTU hardware layout drawings.
(iii) Software drawings.
6.0 FINAL COPIES OF HANDBOOKS
These handbooks shall give details of the main plant and all associated ancillary
equipment as supplied under the Contract. It will not be sufficient to
incorporate manufacturer's standard brochures as part of the text unless they
refer particularly to the equipment supplied and are free of extraneous matter.
The information provided should include essential circuit diagrams, facilities and
descriptions, general arrangement and detail drawings of the installation, and
mention of special materials where used and include schedules of all
transistors, resistors, relays, etc., and other parts employed in the equipment.
The drawings and diagrams, which may be approved existing drawings reduced
to a convenient size, should be bound into the volume and not inserted into
cover pockets. If the complete text is unduly bulky, then the manual is to be
appropriately sub-divided and produced in multi-volume form.
The Handbooks shall be of A4 size, having strong black durable imitation leather
covers inscribed with gold letters upon the front generally in the form of the
title page to this document except that the references to specification,
Conditions of Contract, Drawings, etc., will be replaced by "Operating and
Maintenance Instructions".
The name of the Main Contractor but not that of any sub-contractor may also
be inscribed upon the cover after the description of the plant.
The name of the Purchaser and Power Station, Substation or other

identification followed by a brief description of the plant (e.g. RTU) is to be
inscribed upon the spine of the cover and, if the instruction are contained in
several books, are to be marked with the appropriate volume number.
SCHEDULE B – TEST AND INSPECTION
1.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
The whole of the equipment supplied under the contract shall be subjected to
inspection and test by the Purchaser right before shipment and after
installation on site. The approval of the Purchaser of any such inspection and
tests shall not prejudice the right of the Purchaser to reject the plant if it fails to
comply with the Specification. The costs of any such tests including the
provision of the necessary test equipment shall be borne by the Contractor and
shall be deemed to be included in the Contract Prices and Rates.
Test shall be performed within the periods defined in the Program of Work
(PERT) Chart.
Before the commencement of any test the details of the tests shall be agreed
between the Purchaser and the Contractor.
Before the commencement of any test, copies of all relevant drawings,

specifications and operating instructions shall be provided to the Purchaser.
Before any plant is packed or despatched from the Main or the Sub-Contractor's
works, all tests called for shall have been successfully carried out in the
presence of the Purchaser. FAT should be provided to justify the test is
successful.
Adequate notice, at least 21 days, shall be given when the equipment is ready
for inspection or test and every facility shall be provided by the Contractor and
his Sub-Contractors to enable the Purchaser to carry out the necessary
inspection and tests.
2.0 PURPOSE OF TESTS
The tests are intended to demonstrate that the individual hardware units and
items of software are operational and comply with their individual
specifications, that they are compatible under these conditions and that when
assembled into a complete system they will operate together with associated
operational and test programs over an extended period with an acceptably low
outage time in the environmental conditions specified.
3.0 TYPES OF TESTS
Functional and Routine Tests - These are tests normally applied to equipment
during/after manufacture.
4.0 FUNCTIONAL AND ROUTINE TESTS
The following functional and routine tests shall be carried out.

(a) Functional testing of RTU including all protocols (RTU to master station
and submaster to RTU, PML 3710 ACM meter protocol).
(b) Functional testing of all modules/peripherals including Input and Output

(I/O) points simulation.
(c) 5KV Isolation Equipment (Optional)
Line isolation equipment specified to withstand 5,000 V AC shall be

tested at these voltages between the line terminals and the apparatus
terminals and between the line terminals and the framework and
covers.
5.0 TEST CERTIFICATES
Two sets of test records and test certificates shall be supplied for all tests
carried out in accordance with the provision of this Contract.
6.0 REJECTION OF PLANT
Any item which fails to comply with the requirements of this Specification in
any respect whatever at any stage may be rejected by the Purchaser either in
whole or part as he considers necessary.
APPENDIX I - PORT CONFIGURATIONS
A) Port Configurations:
The following port configurations are representing the local RTU configurations.
1) Taman Tunku 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)
Logical RTU #1 Hardware Address: 5
No RTU Cards Port Description

With status points 1/2 for Dummy status
1 64 Status 30* Controls
and control point 1 for Dummy control
2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
With points 1/2 for Dummy analogues
7 32 Analogue
Analogue input ranges: 0 to +/-10mA
* Each control point is master trip and master close control point with 2 relays.

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
* Each control point is master trip and master close control point with 2 relays
2) Deshon 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
3) 7th Mile 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
4) The Isthmus 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
5) Taman Malihah 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
6) Samajaya 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
7) Stakan 33kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
8) Tanjung Manis No 2 132/33/11kV Substation RTU (Redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 No Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 No Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 No Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 No Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
9) Samajaya 132kV Substation RTU (Redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 No Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 No Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 No Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 No Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
10) Press Metal 3 Substation RTU (Redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 64 Status
5 64 Status
6 64 Status
7 64 Analogue
11) Similajau Capbank RTU (Redundant processor module)

2 64 Status
3 64 Status
4 No Status
5 No Status
6 No Status
7 32 Analogue
B) DNP3.0 level 3 configuration:
1) Taman Tunku 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)
RTU Hardware Address: 5

Master System Address: 1
Master System LAN Address: 135.200.1.150
RTU Device Point Map

1 640 Status
2 64 Analogue input
3 60 Control *
* Each control point is master trip and master close control point with 2 relays control and
2) Deshon 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)


1 640 Status
2 64 Analogue input
3 60 Control *
3) 7th Mile 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)


1 640 Status
2 64 Analogue input
3 60 Control *
4) The Isthmus 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)


1 640 Status
2 64 Analogue input
3 60 Control *
5) Taman Malihah 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)


1 640 Status
2 64 Analogue input
3 60 Control *
6) Samajaya 33/11kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)


1 640 Status
2 64 Analogue input
3 60 Control *
7) Stakan 33kV Substation RTU (Non-redundant processor module)


1 640 Status
2 64 Analogue input
3 60 Control *
8) Tanjung Manis No 2 132/33/11kV Substation RTU (Redundant processor module)


1 1024 Status
2 128 Analogue input
3 120 Control *
9) Samajaya 132kV Substation RTU (Redundant processor module)


1 1024 Status
2 128 Analogue input
3 120 Control *
10) Press Metal 3 132kV Substation RTU (Redundant processor module)


1 384 Status
2 64 Analogue input
3 30 Control *
11) Similajau Capbank RTU (Redundant processor module)


1 192 Status
2 32 Analogue input
3 30 Control *
APPENDIX II - PML 3710 ACM METER POINTS
1 L-N Voltage Phase A

2 L-N Voltage Phase B
3 L-N Voltage Phase C
4 Average L-N Voltage/L-L Voltage
5 L-L Voltage Phase AB
6 L-L Voltage Phase BC
7 L-L Voltage Phase CA
8 Amperage Phase A
9 Amperage Phase B
10 Amperage Phase C
11 Average Amperage
12 Total KVA
13 KW Phase A
14 KW Phase B
15 KW Phase C
16 Total KW
17 RESERVED
18 Total KVAR
19 Present KW Demand
20 Power Factor
21 Frequency (*10)
22 KW Hour total
23 KW Hour Exported
24 KVAR Hour Total
25 VAUX
26 Present Amp Demand
27 KVA Phase A
28 KVA Phase B
29 KVA Phase C
30 KVAR Phase A
31 KVAR Phase B
32 KVAR Phase C
33 I4 Neutral Current
34 KVARH Reverse
35 Maximum Volts L-N Phase A
36 Minimum Volts L-N Phase C
37 Maximum Volts L-N Phase B
38 Minimum Volts L-N Phase B
39 Maximum Volts L-N Phase C
40 Minimum Volts L-N Phase C
41 Maximum Volts L-N Average
42 Minimum Volts L-N Average
43 Maximum Volts L-L Phase AB
44 Minimum Volts L-L Phase AB
45 Maximum Volts L-L Phase BC
46 Minimum Volts L-L Phase BC

47 Maximum Volts L-L Phase CA
48 Minimum Volts L-L Phase CA
49 Maximum Amps Phase A
50 Minimum Amps Phase A
51 Maximum Amps Phase B
52 Minimum Amps Phase B
53 Maximum Amps Phase C
54 Minimum Amps Phase C
55 Maximum Amps Average
56 Minimum Amps Average
57 Maximum KW Total
58 Minimum KW Total
59 Maximum KVA Total
60 Minimum KVA Total
61 Maximum KVAR Total
62 Minimum KVAR Total
63 Maximum Power Factor
64 Minimum Power Factor
65 Maximum Amp Demand
66 Minimum Amp Demand
67 Maximum KW Demand
68 Minimum KW Demand
69 Maximum I4 Neutral Current
70 Minimum I4 Neutral Current
71 Reserved
72 Reserved
73 Maximum Frequency
74 Minimum Frequency
75 Maximum VAUX
76 Minimum VAUX
77 Spare
78 Spare
79 Spare
80 Spare

SA02-16 - General Requirement RTU

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SA02-16 - General Requirement RTU

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Part I, Section 1 – Introduction_______________________________

DESCRIPTION / SPECIFICATIONS OF GOODS

GENERAL REQUIREMENT FOR MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL CONTRACTS

0.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF CONTRACT

0.2 EXTENT OF CONTRACT

0.2.1 Remote Terminal Units are for the following substations:

(a) Taman Tunku 33/11kV Substation

0.2.2 Tools and test equipment

0.2.3 Spares (Optional)

0.2.4 Training of the Purchaser's staff on site.

All parts of the works shall be completed in every respect for

0.3 TOOLS AND APPLIANCES

All spares must be suitably marked and numbered for purposes of

0.5 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

Natural air-cooling shall be provided unless there is a particular requirement for

In complying with the requirements of the Specifications both in equipment

The equipment shall also be designed to prevent ingress of all vermin,

0.6 COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS

Unless another standard is specifically mentioned in this Specification all

0.7 STATUTORY REGULATIONS

All correspondences on matters arising out of the Contract shall be addressed

0.9 UNITS OF MEASUREMENT

The drawings shall be submitted in triplicate as soon as possible after the

If the Contractor requires urgent approval of any drawing to avoid delay in

Contract Reference No.

0.11 PROGRAMME OF WORK

If at any time during the execution of the Contract it is found necessary to

0.12 OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS AND PARTS LIST

Manufacturer's standard brochures may be incorporated provided they refer

0.13 RATING PLATES, NAME PLATES AND LABELS

0.16 CUBICLES AND PANELS

The internal wiring of all cubicles shall be completed before shipment.

Unless otherwise specified, all indicating instruments shall be of the flush

0.18 ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS AND METERS

Wherever necessary instruments shall be provided with readily accessible zero

All instruments shall be inscribed with S.I. units.

0.19 SMALL WIRING

Colour of Wire Circuit Particulars

Red Red-phase connections in current and voltage

Yellow Yellow-phase connections in current and voltage

Blue Blue-phase connections in current and voltage

Green Connections to earth.

Black A.C. neutral connections, earthed or unearthed,

Grey Connections in D.C. circuits.

No wires may be teed or jointed between terminal points.

All metallic cases of instruments, etc., mounted on panels or in cubicles, steel or

0.20 TERMINAL BOARDS

All terminal boards shall be mounted in accessible positions, and, when in

Acceptable types of terminal are:

Terminal assemblies are preferably to be of the unit form suitable for

0.21 FUSES AND LINKS

0.22 CONTROL SWITCHES AND PUSH BUTTONS

0.23 INDICATING LAMPS AND FITTINGS

0.24 ANTI-CONDENSATION HEATERS

Provision shall be made for earthing the body of each gland.

GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

1.2 INSPECTION AND TESTS

1.3 SERVICE CONDITIONS

Precautions must be taken in the design of the RTU cubicles to exclude

To allow for internal temperature rise, equipment mounted in panels, desks or

1.4 STATION AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLIES

1.4.1 Alternating Current

The a.c. supply available: